C

O
N
WORKFORCE IN THE T
E
Local Crowdsourcing
DIGITAL
Program
AGE N
T

Prepared by
Crowd Business Innovation Group UiTM

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Topics

Various
crowdsourcing
development
initiatives in
The main players’
Malaysia role in local
crowdsourcing
industry

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 Learning Outcomes

Upon completion of this content, students should be

able to:
1. Describe various crowdsourcing development initiatives in
Malaysia
2. Explain the main players’ role in local
crowdsourcing industry

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Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives in Malaysia
In Malaysia, the crowdsourcing programme for
the B40 Community is managed by Malaysia
Digital Economy Corporation (MDEC).

MDEC was incorporated on 5th June 1996 with a

mandate to develop, coordinate, and promote
Malaysia’s digital economy, information and
communications technology (ICT) industry and
the extensive use of ICT in Malaysia.

The crowdsourcing programme for the B40

Community is dubbed as the eRezeki
programme.

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 Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives in Malaysia

What is the eRezeki Programme?

The eRezeki programme is based on a crowdsourcing concept –

with specific focus on crowd service-based model.

The programme aims to benefit the community, especially the B40

Community by enabling and connecting them to digital income
opportunities.

Participants will be profiled, trained, qualified, and

matched to suitable tasks or work.

Note: The term B40 (Bottom 40 percent of household based on income) refers
to individuals from household with monthly income below RM4,000/ month

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 Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives
in Malaysia

Target Groups
B40 workers (bottom 40 percent of household based on income) refers to
individuals from households with monthly income below RM4,000 per
month.

B40 workers consist of:

• Homemakers
• Disabled People
• Low-skilled workers
• Urban, Sub-Urban B40
• Freelancer / Part Timer
• Unemployed
• Retrenched workers
• Retirees
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Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives in Malaysia

What is the eRezeki Programme?

The eRezeki programme has been identified as a key

programme under the Strategic Thrust 1 (Enhancing
inclusiveness towards an equitable society) of the 11th
Malaysia Plan.

Under the Strategic Thrust 1 (Enhancing inclusiveness

towards an equitable society) of the 11th Malaysia Plan,
the eRezeki programme for B40 households will be
expanded to enable the use of ICT to generate
additional income.

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Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives in Malaysia

Category of Tasks on eRezeki

Digitally Enabled
Tasks

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Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives in Malaysia

Category of Tasks on eRezeki

Tasks Description Example

Simple tasks involving data
entry, processing of images,
or actions that require no specific
or high level of skills to perform
the tasks. Tasks can be
performed and completed within
few minutes.
• Data Entry
• Data Cleansing
• Photo / Image Moderation
• Download-Install
• User Experience (UX) Feedback
• Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
• Social Media related tasks etc.

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Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives in Malaysia

Category of Tasks on eRezeki

Digitally Enabled
Tasks

Tasks Description Example

Work / tasks such as survey,
running errands, and domestic
services which were distributed
online but has to be
performed offline / on-site.
• Survey / Census / Price Watch
• Mystery Shopper
• Part-time work / Crew
• Running Errands / Delivery services
• Domestic Services such as Plumber,
Electrician, Cleaner etc.

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Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives in Malaysia

Category of Tasks on eRezeki

Tasks Description Example

Domain specific work /
such
tasks as application
development, creative work, and
language-based work. Requires
specific skills to perform the
work and longer time to perform
the work / tasks.
• Web Development
• Mobile Application Development
• Creative Design e.g. Graphic, Logo
• Software Testing
• Audio/Video Transcription
• Document Format Conversion
• Video Footage / Sound Clips

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Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives in Malaysia

eRezeki: A Strategic Approach to Crowdsourcing

TASKS & WORK

FROM LOCAL AND
INTERNATIONAL B40 WORKERS
PLATFORMS REPOSITORY & DEDICATED CENTRES
WORK MATCHING TO TRAIN AND
ENGINE MANAGE WORKERS

DIGITALL DIGITA DIGITA

Y L L
ENABLE MICRO WORK
D TASKS TASKS S

MATCHING
TASKS/
WORK

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Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives in Malaysia

International
and Local
Platforms

Digital
Worker
s

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Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives in Malaysia
Overview of eRezeki Program Process

Work matching, on-

boarding, qualifying
Training and working

B40 Workers Registration

Monitor &
Feedback & Manage Digitally
Rewards Crowd Enabled
Tasks

Feedback &
Rewards

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 Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives in Malaysia
Pusat & Wakil eRezeki in Malaysia

Pusat eRezeki
Dedicated centre at strategic locations to implement the
eRezeki program. Provides & manages training, work
space and facilities, and manages the work quality of the
digital workers.

Wakil eRezeki
Strategic training and outreach partners to assist digital
workers in the process of registration and basic training.

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Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives in Malaysia

Pusat eRezeki

Pusat eRezeki is a dedicated centre

appointed by MDEC. The centre is
dedicated for B40 workers to perform
crowdsourcing tasks. Pusat eRezeki
provides workspace and ICT facilities for
B40 workers. The main purpose of Pusat
eRezeki is to provide free training and
guidance regarding crowdsourcing tasks
to B40 workers.

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 eRezeki Global High Income Programme (eGHI)

This program focuses on the :

• highly skilled / experienced B40, unemployed graduates and
retrenched workers,
• Students in Institute of Higher Learning

This decision is indeed timely, and serves to guide the expansion of

the eRezeki programme as a whole and in a much accelerated manner.

In the US , 34% of the total workforce or 53 million Americans currently

work as freelancers either as full-time or part-time basis (as reported in
Freelancing in America: A National Survey of the New Workforce, 2015).

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 eRezeki Global High Income Programme (eGHI)

Programme to coach, mentor, and nurture crowdworkers

that are able to earn digital income via crowdsourcing.

• Crowdsourcing is the
future of work.
• Enables digital work to be offered and delivered online.
• MDEC is partners with the largest crowdsourcing platform.

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 eRezeki Global High Income Programme (eGHI)

Objectives
• To create a community of full time capable crowdworkers among
Malaysians
• To establish a sustainable model on eRezeki Global High Income
Programme with the engagement of strategic partners
• To provide an alternative source of income among Malaysians
via multiple online platforms
• To develop support programs for Malaysian freelancers to remain
motivated, driven, and committed to earn digital income via
crowdsourcing platform

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eRezeki Global High Income Programme (eGHI)

Target Group

Unemployed,
Retrenched underemployed fresh
graduates, and
workers
graduating students in
public and private IHLs

Skills set, quality, drive and commitment as key criteria

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Review Questions
Crowdsourcing Development Initiatives in Malaysia

1 Explain what is
programme. the main purpose of the eRezeki

2programme.
Describe
three categories of task in the eRezeki

3What is the function of Pusat eRezeki ?

4Programme
What is (eGHI)?
the purpose of the eRezeki Global High
Income
5Give the definition of B40.
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Topics

Various crowdsourcing
development initiatives
in Malaysia The main
players’ role in
local
crowdsourcing
industry

22
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Local Crowdsourcing

Local crowdsourcing industry consists of :

• Job providers
• Crowdsourcing Platforms
• Crowdworkers
• Policy makers
• Project champions

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 Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players
Job Providers

Job providers should be from local public and private sectors as

well as international firms and organizations.

• Public Sector
One of the main sources on the demand side is Federal and State
public sectors. There are large pools of the Government operations
that can be utilized as crowdsourcing tasks such as archive
digitization and e-Government platforms.

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 Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players
Job Providers
• Private Sector
• There are many local businesses especially mobile carriers and
banks that can provide tasks to local crowdsourcing platforms.
• Recipients of Government contracts and concessions can
also sub-contract parts of those contracts and concessions
to crowdsourcing platforms.
• Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are another private sector
group that has a huge potential as crowdsourcing job providers.
SMEs can utilize crowdsourcing platforms to reduce their
operating costs.

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 Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players
Job Providers
• Private Sector
• Crowdsourcing platforms are not limited to ‘profitable’ business
operations. Non profitable operations can also be crowdsourced
such as activities by non-profit associations and societies.
• Large corporations are also involved in non-profitable tasks
under their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities.
There are increasing numbers of “Triple” bottom line companies
that focus on social, environment, and financial results, which can
utilise micro tasking on crowdsourcing platforms for their CSR
activities.

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Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players
Local Platforms
Platforms are a vital part in crowdsourcing. It connects job providers with the
crowdworkers. It is a mediator between job providers and crowdworkers to
distribute and share tasks online.

Local platforms mostly focus on digitally-enabled tasks or services. In contrast

to the internationally-sourced digital micro-task, the digitally- enabled category are
mainly tasks from the local market. These digitally- enabled tasks are very much
location-based and non-digital in nature, which are offered or distributed online to
the crowd.

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Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players
Local Platforms
In addition to the digital micro task and
digitally-enabled task categories as described
before, the eRezeki programme also includes
digital work category, which is directed towards
the B40 community with specific skills and
qualifications (e.g. unemployed graduates,
under-employed graduates, retrenched workers
and pensioners).

Local platforms are mostly focusing on two

type of tasks which are digital tasks and
non-digital tasks.

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 Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players
Digital Tasks
Tasks or Work in specific domain area such as application and software
development, creative and graphic design, language-based work and many
more. This work requires specific skills to perform.

Examples of Digital Works includes:

• Development of a website
• Mobile application development
• Creation of logo or graphic designs
for a product or a company
• Software testing, audio/video transcription work
• Document format conversion

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 Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players

eRezeki Platform for Digital Tasks

eRezeki platform is a mediator that manages workers repository and

work matching engine that will divide work to registered B40 workers. The
work is received from various international or local platforms.

eRezeki platform main functions are to :

• Profile, train, and qualify digital workers
• Identify, secure, and channel demand (digital and non-
digital work) from local and international market

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Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players

eRezeki Platform
One of eRezeki’s key value propositions is indeed about efficiently
matching the demand from the crowdsourcing industry with the supply
of services from Malaysian citizens and vice versa.

Hence, profiling of eRezeki participants is a vital and incessant process in

the eRezeki system that will enable a proper demand- supply matching
function – the first attempt in the world to process and match a wide
spectrum of tasks/ jobs/ services of different complexities and origins with
a national level crowd of different skills/ qualifications/ experience.

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 Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players
Non Digital Tasks
Tasks or work that is non-ICT skilled related such as collecting survey data,
running errands, and domestic services which can be distributed online, but has
to be performed offline.
Example of non-digital works includes:
• Conducting survey
• Products and services price watch
• Part-time work such as event part-time crews, running errands and offering known-
skilled services such as plumber, electrician, and cleaners

These work are usually provided by local companies or individual. At times,

there will be additional sign-up requirements, and additional training would be
provided by the companies.

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 Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players
Some Examples of Local Platforms for Non-Digital
Tasks
• ServisHero is one of the alternatives for fastest and easiest way
to hire trusted and local service providers. It is a unique
concept solely focused on collecting the voice of customers on
service standards and creating a list of service providers
ranked by category.

• Maideasy is a home grown Malaysian company that

revolutionises the way part-time cleaners are booked. The
platform provides service for homeowners to book part time
cleaners in an efficient and fastest way. Hence this platform is
created to become the intermediary between the customers and
cleaners.
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Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players
Crowdworkers

Crowdworkers are defined as the invisible labor force that receive and
perform tasks online. Crowdworkers are workers who will complete the
tasks given by job providers. Usually crowdworkers will seek for work that
suits them well and in which they can also do it from home in order to earn
extra money.

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 Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players
Policy Makers

Policies competing effectively in the crowdsourcing market place requires

the Government’s role to create and introduce business friendly legal
systems, policies, and industry supporting mechanisms.

• The Government could also provide leadership in the industry by

outsourcing its non-core tasks and introducing crowdsourcing related
tasks in its procurement policy. Other enabling policies could also be
developed such as policies on crowdsourcing self- regulation, telecentres
opening hours, and payment mechanism.

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 Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players
Policy Makers
• The Government can also promote the crowdsourcing industry through
incentives. Domestic outsourcing can be encouraged by incentivizing
organisations that provide outsourced services. Government can foster
investment in the industry by providing special incentives to firms who
invest in programs and activities that benefit marginalised and
disadvantaged households such as those that engage in participation of
the B40 group in the micro sourcing industry.

• Guideline on homeworking could be strengthened to encourage job

providers to hire more micro workers especially in the B40 group.

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 Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players
Policy Makers
• Governance is an integral part of the enterprise governance that consists
of the leadership, organizational structures, processes and policies that
ensure the organization’s IT sustains and extends it’s strategies and
objectives. Focusing on the available governance, it will embrace the
development, implementation, and evaluation of crowdsourcing industry.
A proper governance structure is required to monitor payment,
conditions, and competition, as well as to uphold the objective of
crowdsourcing industry as a mean to alleviate disadvantaged from
poverty.

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Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players
Project Champions
Project Champions should be created within the crowdsourcing ecosystem
to engage participation of targeted crowdworkers from a specific
community. Platform owners should identify the Project Champion for a
distribution centre and work together closely in engaging these
crowdworkers. Candidates for Project Champions are most preferably
organisations/ societies/ individuals that have established relations with
the community. Platform firms will be the one to aggregate the tasks while
the Project Champions will be responsible to maintain the infrastructure at
the distribution centres.

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Review Questions
Local Crowdsourcing Industry Players

1Explai how the eRezeki platform can

implementation of crowdsourcing in Malaysia.
help the

2Describe two types of task in the local platform.

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