BACHELOR OF QUANTITY SURVEYING

(HONS)

CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY III

[BLD 60304]

STEEL SPACE FRAME ROOF

Presented by: Lecturer:

ERIC WEE 0329601 IR CHAI VOON CHIET

LIM XIAO SHI 0324410
LOH WEI TING 0328314
MELVIN TAN 0323938
Climber dome
 SPACE FRAME

International Association for Shell and

Spatial Structures (IASS) :
a structural system, where linear elements are
assembled in a way that loads are transferred
in a three-dimensional manner
 SPACE FRAME

Truss-like Rigid

Lightweight Interlocking
struts
 Use of Application
London Stansted
Airport
Heydar Aliyev
Cultural Centre

Shah Alam Sports

Biosphere 2, Arizona Complex

Houston Astrodome,
Texas
Stadium Negara, Kuala
Lumpur
 Type – curvature

Flat covers Barrel vault Spherical

dome
 Type – number of grid layers

Double layer Triple layer

Single layer
 Frame components

Mero KK node

Heydar Aliyev Cultural Centre

 Frame components

Octatube node connector Triodetric connector

Multi hinge ‘nodeless’

Hemispherical dome connector

 Erection method

Element or Block erection Scaffold Lift – up

CASE STUDIES
Cornwall,
England

EDEN PROJECT
Shah Alam,
Malaysia

SHAH ALAM SPORTS

COMPLEX
 EDEN PROJECT
Multiple Greenhouse Complex

Size: 23,000 square metre/

247,480 square feet
Construction time: 2 ½ years
Completion: March 2001
Cost: then £86 million
Design team:
Architect: Nicholas Grimshaw
Structural Engineer: Anthony
Hunt and Associates
Main Contractor: McAlpine
Joint Venture
clayey quarry

soap bubbles
Geodesic dome

A braced dome in which the

elements forming the network are
lying on the great circle of a sphere
 Why hexagonal?

Thickness Size

Strength Surface
Double layer geodesic dome
HEX-net

TRI-HEX-net
 NODES & TUBES
Top chord

Top chord beams

- CHS tube diameter of 193.7mm
- Ends are cut rectangular and fixed to nodes
Mero NK Bowl Node - High pre-stressed bolts (M27 & M36) used
to connect beams to bowl nodes
- Cast iron (GGG40) and - Bolt M16 fix beam in right position &
galvanized transfer torsional moments
- Weight about 80kg
- Diameter of 400mm
 NODES & TUBES

- CHS tube diameter

between 76.1mm and
168.3mm
Bottom chord & diagonals

Mero NK Bowl Node

ERECTION METHOD

STEP 1: Set-up of birdcage scaffolding of 60

metres high and 125 metres
 ERECTION METHOD

STEP 2: Hexagons were put together on ground and then lifted up

by mobile crane and tower cranes on larger domes in the HTB,
starting from dome A of HTB to dome H of WTB.
ERECTION METHOD

STEP 3 Bolting of hexagon structure

Ethyltetrafluoroethylene

Movie: Die Another Day

SHAH ALAM SPORTS COMPLEX
 SHAH ALAM SPORTS COMPLEX

Size: 155,000 sq ft
Capacity: 80,000 people
Construction cost: RM480 million
Construction begin: 1st January
1990
Construction time: 4 years
Design team
Owner: State Government of
Selangor
Architect: Hijjaz Kasturi Associates
Sdn.Bhd
German firms of Weidleplan and
Consulting GmbH, and Schlaich,
Bergermann and Partners
SHAH ALAM SPORTS COMPLEX

Double Layer Barrel

Vault
Geometry
Support
Double layer barrel vault
Connectors
Erection method
THANK YOU!!!