PRK1016 CHEMISTRY I

TUTORIAL WORKBOOK

LEARNING UNIT 2
STOICHIOMETRY

1.(a) A reaction of ethanol with oxygen gas produces carbon dioxide and water.

(i) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction above.

CH3CH2OH(l) + 3O2(g) → 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(l)

(ii) Calculate number of O atom in 2 mol of CO2.

No of molecules = 2 mol of CO2 × 6.02 × 1023 molecules/mol

=1.20 × 1024 molecules
No of O atom = 1.20 × 1024 molecules × 2 O atom/molecule
= 2.40 × 1024 atom

(iii) Calculate the mass of ethanol needed to react completely with 0.75 mol of O2.

1 mol CH3CH2OH ≡ 3 mol O2

Mol of CH3CH2OH = 0.75 mol/3 = 0.25 mol x 46 g mol-1
Mass of CH3CH2OH = 11.5 g

(iv) Calculate the volume of CO2 produce at S.T.P and R.T.P when 0.8 mol of
ethanol reacted with oxygen gas.

1 mol CH3CH2OH ≡ 2 mol CO2

Volume of CO2 at S.T.P = 0.8 mol × 2 × 22.4 L/mol
= 35.8 L
Volume of CO2 at R.T.P = 0.8 mol × 2 × 24 L/mol
= 38.4 L
 PRK1016 CHEMISTRY I
TUTORIAL WORKBOOK

2.(a) A student prepared a stock solution of sodium hydroxide, NaOH by dissolving

120.0 g of NaOH in 2000 mL of water.
(i) Calculate the molarity of the prepared NaOH solution.
Moles of NaOH = 120.0 g/ 40 gmol-1
= 3.0 mol
Molarity of NaOH = 3.0 mol /2.0 L
= 1.5 mol L-1

(ii) If the student need to prepare 0.5 M sodium hydroxide solution using stock
solution in 2(a)(i), calculate the volume of the stock solution need to be
transferred into 100 mL of volumetric flask.
M1V1 =M2V2
1.5 M × V1 = 0.5 M × 0.1 L
V1 = 0.033 L

(b) A group of students is instructed to prepare a 500 mL magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2

solution with a concentration of 25% w/w. [Given: density Mg(NO3)2 solution = 1.225 g
mL–1]

(i) Calculate the mass of the magnesium nitrate solution.

Masssolution = 1.225 g mL–1 × 500 mL = 612.5 g

(ii) Calculate the mass of the solute used.

Masssolute = 25 / 100 × 612.5 g = 153.125 g

(iii) Calculate the molarity of the magnesium nitrate solution.

Molsolute = 153.125 g / (148.3 g mol–1) = 1.0325 mol

Molaritysolution = 1.0325 mol / 0.500 L = 2.065 M
 PRK1016 CHEMISTRY I
TUTORIAL WORKBOOK

3. A hydrogen peroxide solution with a concentration of 35.0% w/w has a density of 1.13 g
mL–1 at 25°C.
(a) Calculate the molality of the solution.
In every 100 g of solution, there is 35.0 g of H2O2.
molH2O2 = 35.0 g / 34.0 g mol–1 = 1.0294 mol
massH2O = 100 g – 35.0 g = 65 g
molalitysolution = 1.0294 mol / 0.065 kg = 15.837 mol kg–1

(b) Calculate the molarity of the solution.

In every 100 g of solution, there is 35.0 g of H2O2.
molH2O2 = 35.0 g / 34.0 g mol–1 = 1.0294 mol
Volumesolution = 100 g / 1.13 g mL–1 = 88.5 mL
Molaritysolution = 1.0294 mol / 0.113 L = 11.6 mol L–1

(c) If the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 25.0% v/v, calculate the molality of
the solution. [Given: densityH2O = 0.997 g mL–1 ; densityH2O2 = 1.45 g mL–1]
In every 100 mL of solution, there is 25.0 mL of H2O2.
massH2O2 = 25.0 mL × 1.45 g mL–1 = 36.25 g
molH2O2 = 36.25 g / 34.0 g mol–1 = 1.0662 mol
VolumeH2O = 100 mL – 25.0 mL = 75 mL
massH2O = 75 mL × 0.997 g mL–1 = 74.775 g
molalitysolution = 1.0662 mol / 0.074775 kg = 14.259 mol kg–1