Entropy changes in reaction:

In a chemical reaction if we compare the entropies of the

reactants and product, we can try to explain the magnitude of
the entropy change and weather or not it increases or
decreases.
Consider the following reactions:
 CaCO3(s)  CaO(s) + CO2(g)
Entropy increase or changes positive for the system. Because
A gas is being produces from a solid.
 N2(g) + 3H2(g)  2NH3(g)
Entropy decreases or changes negative for the system.Because
The number of moles of product (2 moles) is less than the
number of moles of reactants. The reactants are more stable
than products.
 2N2O5  4NO2(g) + O2(g)
Entropy increases or changes positive for the system. Because
The number of moles of product is more than reactant.
**In addition, there are two different product molecules but
only one type of reactant molecule. This also contributes to a
greater disorder in the products compared with the reactants.
The system becomes more disordered**
Q: State and explain weather the following processes will
lead to an increase or decrease in entropy.
1. Magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid to give
magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas.
ANS: Entropy increase or changes positive. Because
A gas is produced.
2. Solid potassium chloride dissolving in water.
ANS: Entropy increase or changes positive. Because
KCl solution has mobile ions.
3. Steam condensing to water.
ANS: Entropy decrease or changes negative. Because
A gas which is more disordered converts to liquid which
is less disordered.
4. Liquid water at 80oC is cooled to 60oC.
ANS: Entropy decrease or changes negative. Because
Molecules have less energy in the system.
5. The change corresponding to the lattice energy of calcium
chloride (solid) tasteless.
ANS: Entropy decreases or changes negative. Because
Gaseous ions being converted to solid.