Introduction to the philosophy of the human person:

The first pillars of philosophy:

- It all started in Ancient Greece
- A well-developed society (in all aspects cultural,
religous, social) 2. HERACLITUS - was known for his idea about
change.
Miletus: birthplace of Western Philosophy (ca. 630
B.C.) - He believes that the only thing that is permanent
in this world is change (flux or becoming).
The Miletians: Pre-Socratic Philosophers – they started
- Heraclitus viewed the world as always changing
philospising
which he likened to an ever-living fire.

CHANGE: Just like the flames that constantly flicker, the

The Miletian philosophers:
- They were the first to give humanity a unifying
and coherent explanation of the nature of reality,
a non-mythological account of reality.
- Formulated the doctrine that all matter has life
because they believed that the universe is alive
or animate and material. – they can sense,
seen or touched.
1. Thales - The Father of Western Philosophy
- He taught that the fundamental substance or
primary constituent of reality is water. Is
Concrete tangible.objective
- Earth is flat.
2. Anaximander - Anaximander claimed that the
infinite or the apeiron is the infinite substance of
reality.
Apeiron is ageless and eternal, and encompasses all
worlds. Such is an abstract and speculative idea of
reality rather than based on observation.
Apeiron – abstract reality & steculative.
- Earth is Cylindrical
3. because air hold our souls together, it encompasses
the whole world.
- The earth and other heavenly bodies, according
to Anaximenes, are like saucers floating on
air. Thus, the earth is flat and
round.
world is always changing and you cannot hold on to it at
any given point.
3. Parmenides of Elea – There is no such as change
or motion because there is something
indestructible, immovable, complete and without
beginning and end, which he called being. 
- was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from
Elea in Magna Graecia
BEING - the only thing that is permanent in this world,
that is, reality is made up of one continuous object or
plenum called being. Change is merely an illusion.
4. Empedocles - Reality is made up of four
substances: fire, earth, air, water
5. Anaxagoras - There is not just one element that
reality is made of because there are as many seeds
or elements as there are kinds of things.
- The nous or the mind, it is external but is infinite
and is self-ruled and “has the greatest strength
and power over all things.”
6. Leucippus & Democritus - Atoms
- The ultimate substance that reality is made of.
Atomos, “indivisible,” “uncuttable”

Other Pre-Socratic Philosophers:

1.PYTHAGORAS - is the first pre-Socratic philosopher

to use the term logos by trying to explain the nature of
the universe through rational thought

“Philosophy is a way of life.”

- Philosophy and religion are connected and

merged into one

φιλοσοφία, philosophia from where the word philosophy

is derived.