Analisis Eksplorasi Data

ANDI FAHIRA ALSA 06211840000004 AED KELAS B
Membuat violin plot pada R
> library(ggplot2)
Learn more about the underlying theory at https://ggplot2-book.org/
Warning message:
package ‘ggplot2’ was built under R version 3.6.3
> theme_set(theme_bw())
> # plot
> plot <- ggplot(mpg, aes(class, cty))
> plot + geom_violin(fill="blue") +
+ labs(title="Violin plot",
+ caption="Produced by Gary Hutson",
+ x="Class of Vehicle",y="Mileage") +
+ geom_jitter(height = 0, width = 0.1, colour="black")
Membuat density plot pada R
> library(ggplot2)
> theme_set(theme_classic())
> plot <- ggplot(mpg, aes(cty))

> plot + geom_density(aes(fill=factor(cyl)), alpha=0.3) +
+ labs(title="Density plot",
+ x="City Mileage",
+ fill="Number of Cylinders")
Mengubah jenis chart dengan menambahkan parameter posisi ke lapisan geometri untuk kepadatan
> plot + geom_density(aes(fill=factor(cyl)), alpha=0.3, position="stack")
Mengubah argumen posisi
> plot + geom_density(aes(fill=factor(cyl)), alpha=0.3, position="fill")

Cara menggunakan warna heksadesimal
> #mengubah warna
> library(ggplot2)
> theme_set(theme_classic())
> #Specify custom palette
> plot <- ggplot(mpg, aes(cty))
> plot + geom_density(aes(fill=factor(cyl)), alpha=0.5) +
+ labs(title="Density plot",
+ x="City Mileage",
+ fill="Number of Cylinders") +
+ #I force the scale to conform to certain hexadecimal colour codes
+ scale_fill_manual(values=c("#dbdfe0", "#0faeb1",
+ "#0954b7", "#5c93b8"))
> #scale_fill_brewer(palette="Dark2")
Pengenalan ggplot
> p <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(factor(cyl), mpg))
> p + geom_violin()
> # Orientation follows the discrete axis
> ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, factor(cyl))) +
+ geom_violin()
> p <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(factor(cyl), mpg))
> p + geom_violin()
> # Scale maximum width proportional to sample size:
> p + geom_violin(scale = "count")
> p + geom_violin(scale = "width")

> p + geom_violin(trim = FALSE)
> # Use a smaller bandwidth for closer density fit (default is 1).
> p + geom_violin(adjust = .5)
> # Add aesthetic mappings

> # Note that violins are automatically dodged when any aesthetic is
> # a factor
> p + geom_violin(aes(fill = cyl))
> p + geom_violin(aes(fill = factor(cyl)))
> p + geom_violin(aes(fill = factor(vs)))

> p + geom_violin(aes(fill = factor(am)))
> # Set aesthetics to fixed value
> p + geom_violin(fill = "grey80", colour = "#3366FF")

> # Show quartiles
> p + geom_violin(draw_quantiles = c(0.25, 0.5, 0.75))
> # Scales vs. coordinate transforms -------
> if (require("ggplot2movies")) {
+ # Scale transformations occur before the density statistics are computed.
+ # Coordinate transformations occur afterwards. Observe the effect on the
+ # number of outliers.
+ m <- ggplot(movies, aes(y = votes, x = rating, group = cut_width(rating, 0.5)))
+ m + geom_violin()
+ m + geom_violin() + scale_y_log10()
+ m + geom_violin() + coord_trans(y = "log10")
+ m + geom_violin() + scale_y_log10() + coord_trans(y = "log10")
+ # Violin plots with continuous x:
+ # Use the group aesthetic to group observations in violins
+ ggplot(movies, aes(year, budget)) + geom_violin()
+ ggplot(movies, aes(year, budget)) +
+ geom_violin(aes(group = cut_width(year, 10)), scale = "width")}
Pengenalan jitter
Jittered points
> p <- ggplot(mpg, aes(cyl, hwy))
> p + geom_point()
> p + geom_jitter()
> # Add aesthetic mappings
> p + geom_jitter(aes(colour = class))
> # Use smaller width/height to emphasise categories

> ggplot(mpg, aes(cyl, hwy)) + geom_jitter()
> ggplot(mpg, aes(cyl, hwy)) + geom_jitter(width = 0.25)
> # Use larger width/height to completely smooth away discreteness
> ggplot(mpg, aes(cty, hwy)) + geom_jitter()

> ggplot(mpg, aes(cty, hwy)) + geom_jitter(width = 0.5, height = 0.5)
Pendalaman jitter
Scatterplot Jittering
standar scatter plot data

> set.seed(1)
> x <- sample(1:10, 200, TRUE)
> y <- 3 * x + rnorm(200, 0, 5)
> plot(y ~ x, pch = 15)
plot(y ~ jitter(x, 1), pch = 15)
> plot(y ~ jitter(x, 2), pch = 15)

> x2 <- sample(1:10, 500, TRUE)
> y2 <- sample(1:5, 500, TRUE)
> plot(y2 ~ x2, pch = 15)
> plot(y2 ~ jitter(x2), pch = 15)

> plot(jitter(y2) ~ x2, pch = 15)
> plot(jitter(y2) ~ jitter(x2), pch = 15)

> plot(jitter(y2, 2) ~ jitter(x2, 2), pch = 15)

Tutorial 3 graphics
Histogram pada R
> hist(SL)
> hist(SL[POP==1])
> hist(FINAREA[POP==5])
> hist(SL[POP=="U.S.A”])
> hist(SL[POP==1], xlab = “ body length for population 1”)
> hist(SL[POP == 1], xlab = “ body length for population 1”, main=”Size”)
> hist(SL[POP == 1], xlab = “ body length for population 1”, main=”Size”, col=2)
> hist(SL[POP == 1], xlab = “ body length for population 1”, main=”Size”, col=2,
density = 5)
Boxplot
> boxplot(SL[POP==1])
> boxplot(SL[POP==1], SL[POP== 2], SL[POP==5])
> boxplot(SL~POP)
> boxplot(SL [POP==1], SL[POP==2], SL[POP==5], col=4, horizontal = TRUE)

Scatter plot
> #scatter plot
> plot(FINAREA, TAREA)

> plot(FINAREA~TAREA)
> abline(lm(FINAREA~TAREA))
> abline(lm(FINAREA~TAREA), lwd = 10, lty = 2, col=3)
> plot(jitter(RAYNO), POP)

> plot(jitter(RAYNO), jitter(POP))
Multiple figures on one plot

> split.screen(figs=c(2, 3))
[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6
> screen(1)
> hist(SL[POP==1])
> screen(2)
> hist(SL[POP==2])
> screen(3)
> hist(SL[POP==5])
> screen(4)
> boxplot(SL[POP== 1])
> screen(5)
> screen(6)
> plot(FINAREA, TAREA, cex.axis=0.5)
> par(mfrow=c(1,3))
> hist(SL[POP==1])
> hist(SL[POP==2])
> hist(SL[POP==5])
Exercise 1
> split.screen(fig=c(1,3));
[1] 1 2 3
> screen(1);
> boxplot(data1,xlab="population",ylab="range",col=5);
> screen(2);
> boxplot(data1, xlab="population", ylab="range", main="these are the results of my

first function and the graph heading was made a little smaller in order to fit on the
page", cex.main=0.6, col=6);
> screen(3);
> boxplot(data1,xlab="population",ylab="range",col=7);
> close.screen(all=T);
Exercise 2
> #exercise 2
> par(mfrow=c(2,3));
> boxplot(SL[POP==1],xlab="population",ylab="range",col=4);
> plot(TAREA[POP==1],FINAREA[POP==1],col=4);
> abline(lm(FINAREA[POP==1]~TAREA[POP==1]),col=4)
> close.screen(all=T);

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ANDI FAHIRA ALSA 06211840000004 AED KELAS B

Membuat violin plot pada R

Learn more about the underlying theory at https://ggplot2-book.org/

package ‘ggplot2’ was built under R version 3.6.3

> plot <- ggplot(mpg, aes(class, cty))

> plot + geom_violin(fill="blue") +

+ caption="Produced by Gary Hutson",

+ geom_jitter(height = 0, width = 0.1, colour="black")

Membuat density plot pada R

> plot <- ggplot(mpg, aes(cty))

> plot + geom_density(aes(fill=factor(cyl)), alpha=0.3) +

+ caption="Produced by Gary Hutson",

> plot + geom_density(aes(fill=factor(cyl)), alpha=0.3, position="stack")

Mengubah argumen posisi

> plot + geom_density(aes(fill=factor(cyl)), alpha=0.3, position="fill")

Cara menggunakan warna heksadesimal

> #mengubah warna

> #Specify custom palette

> plot <- ggplot(mpg, aes(cty))

> plot + geom_density(aes(fill=factor(cyl)), alpha=0.5) +

+ caption="Produced by Gary Hutson",

+ #I force the scale to conform to certain hexadecimal colour codes

> p <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(factor(cyl), mpg))

> # Orientation follows the discrete axis

> ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, factor(cyl))) +

> p <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(factor(cyl), mpg))

> # Scale maximum width proportional to sample size:

> p + geom_violin(scale = "count")

> p + geom_violin(scale = "width")

> p + geom_violin(trim = FALSE)

> p + geom_violin(adjust = .5)

> # Add aesthetic mappings

> p + geom_violin(aes(fill = cyl))

> p + geom_violin(aes(fill = factor(cyl)))

> p + geom_violin(aes(fill = factor(vs)))

> p + geom_violin(aes(fill = factor(am)))

> # Set aesthetics to fixed value

> p + geom_violin(fill = "grey80", colour = "#3366FF")

> # Show quartiles

> p + geom_violin(draw_quantiles = c(0.25, 0.5, 0.75))

> # Scales vs. coordinate transforms -------

+ # Scale transformations occur before the density statistics are computed.

+ # Coordinate transformations occur afterwards. Observe the effect on the

+ m <- ggplot(movies, aes(y = votes, x = rating, group = cut_width(rating, 0.5)))

+ m + geom_violin() + coord_trans(y = "log10")

+ m + geom_violin() + scale_y_log10() + coord_trans(y = "log10")

+ # Violin plots with continuous x:

+ # Use the group aesthetic to group observations in violins

+ ggplot(movies, aes(year, budget)) + geom_violin()

+ ggplot(movies, aes(year, budget)) +

+ geom_violin(aes(group = cut_width(year, 10)), scale = "width")}

> p <- ggplot(mpg, aes(cyl, hwy))

> # Add aesthetic mappings

> p + geom_jitter(aes(colour = class))

> # Use smaller width/height to emphasise categories

> ggplot(mpg, aes(cyl, hwy)) + geom_jitter()

> ggplot(mpg, aes(cyl, hwy)) + geom_jitter(width = 0.25)