TERTIARY DEPARTMENT - ENGINEERING

(Integration Course 1)

SUP-1B
Solved Problem Set Sub-topic 2

LECTURE1 MODULE-1B Trigonometry

Name: Professor:
Section: Date Submitted:

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INSTRUCTION: Resolve and study the below problems.

1. The coreference angle of any angle A is the positive acute angle determined by the terminal side of A
and the y-axis. What is the coreference angle of 290 degrees?
Coreference angle should be less than 900 with respect to either +y or -y -axis.
+y-axis is noted as 900 and -y-axis is 2700.
For the+ y −axis : 2900 −900=200 0> 900 therefore, not a coreference angle
For the− y−axis : 2900 −2700=20 0< 900 therefore, 200 is a coreference angle

2. If cot θ = square root of 3 and cos θ < 0, find csc θ.

1 x 3 − 3
cot θ= = = √ ∨ √ ∴ x=± √ 3∧ y=±1
tan θ y 1 −1
x
cos θ= <0 ∴ x is negative=−√ 3 ; thus y=−1
r
2
r =√ x + y 2= (−√ 3 ) + (−1 )2=2
2
√
1 r 2
csc θ= = = =−2
sin θ y −1
3. If cos θ= 3/5 and θ in quadrant IV, find cos2θ
x 3
cos θ= = ∴ x=3∧r=5
r 5
y= √ r 2 −x2 =√ 5 2−32=√ 25−9= √16=−4(quadrant IV )

cos ( A+ B ) =cos A cosB−sin A sin B

if B= A cos ( A + A )=cos A cos A−sin A sin A
cos 2 A=cos2 A−sin2 A

x 2 y 2

2 2
() ()
cos 2 θ=cos2 θ−sin 2 2 θ=
r
−
r
3 −4 −7
cos 2 θ=
5 () ( )
−
5
=
25

4. Simplify (sin 2x) / ( 1 + cos 2x)

sin 2 x 2 sin x cos x
=
1+ cos 2 x 1+ ¿ ¿

5. Triangle ABC has sides a, b and c. If a = 75 m, b = 100 m and the angle opposite side a is 32°, find the
angle opposite side c.
sin A sin B sin32 sin B 100 sin 32
a
=
b
→
75
=
100
→ B=sin −1
75 ( =450 )
∑ of angles for triangle=180 0= A+ B+C=320 +45 0+ C
C=180−32−45=1030

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6. If 82° + 0.35x = Arctan( cot 0.45x ), find x.
taking the tangent of both sides : tan ( 820+ 0.35 x ) =tan [ tan−1 ( cot 0.45 x ) ]
tan(820 +0.35 x)=cot ( 0.45 x )
since both sides are cofunctions:820 +0.35 x +0.45 x=900
0.80 x=8 0 → x=100
7. Express -4 - 4√3 i in trigonometric form.
The form: r cisθ=r (cos θ+isin θ)
−1 √ 3
−4−4 i √3=8( −i )
2 2
x −1 y − 3
cos θ= = ( negative x ) sin θ= = √ (negative y)
r 2 r 2
both x∧ y are negative at quadrant III
−1
θ=cos−1 ( )
2
=1200 therefore∈quadrant II ( wrong )

θ=360 −1200 =2400 quadrant III ( correct )

0

r =8∧θ=2400 ∴ 8 cis240 0

8. Twelve round holes are bored through a square piece of steel plate. Their centers are equally spaced
on the circumference of a circle 18 cm in diameter. Find the distance between the centers of two
consecutive holes.

18 360
radius= =9 cmangle between two circles= =300
2 12
2 2 2 2 2
a =b +c −2 bc cos A=9 + 9 −2 ( 9 ) ( 9 ) cos 30
a=4.66 cm
9. If cscθ = 2 and cosθ < 0, then ( secθ + tanθ ) / ( secθ – tanθ ) =
1 r 2
csc θ= = = ∴r =2 ; y=1
sin θ y 1
x

1 r
√
x=√ r 2− y 2 = 22 −1¿=± √ 3 but since cos θ= <0 , x is negative=−√ 3 ¿
y
r
sec θ= = ; tan θ=
cos θ x x

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r y 2 1
+ +
sec θ+ tan θ x x −√ 3 −√ 3
= = =3
sec θ−tan θ r y 2 1
− −
x x − √ 3 −√ 3
10. Two buildings with flat roofs are 15 m apart. From the edge of the roof of the lower building, the
angle of elevation of the edge of the roof of the taller building is 32°. How high is the taller building if
the lower building is 18 m high?

opp y
tan320 = = → y =15 tan 320=9.4 m
adj 15
htaller =hlower + y=18+ y =18+9.4=27.4 m
11. If cos 2A = √m , find cos 8A.
cos 2 A=2cos 2 A−1 →cos 4 A=2 cos2 2 A−1→ cos 8 A=2 cos2 4 A−1
2
cos 8 A=2 ( 2 cos2 2 A−1 ) −1 →2 ( 4 cos 4 2 A−4 cos2 2 A+1 ) −1
8 cos 4 2 A−8 cos 2 2 A +2−1 → 8 cos4 2 A−8 cos2 2 A+1
4 2
8 ( √ m ) −8 ( √ m) +1 →8 m2−8 m+1

12. If Arctan z = x/2, find cos x in terms of z.

x x
tan−1 z= → z=tan
2 2
tan A +tan B
tan ( A+ B ) =
1−tan A tan B
x x
tan + tan
x x 2 2 z+z 2z
( )
tan + =
2 2
1−tan tan
x x
→ tan x= =
1−z 1−z 2
2

2 2
2 2
2z 2 4 z2 1+2 z2 + z 4 ( 1+ z )
2
sec x=1+ tan x=1+2
( )
1−z 2
=1+ = =
1−2 z 2 + z 4 1−2 z 2+ z 4 ( 1−z2 )2
1 1 1−z 2
cos x= = = 2
sec x ( 1+ z 2 ) 1+ z
2

√ 2
( 1−z 2 )
13. Evaluate tan( Arcsec √5 – Arccot 2 )

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1 1 1
sec−1 √ 5=θ→ secθ=√ 5→ =√ 5 →cos θ= →θ=cos−1
cos θ √5 √5
−1 1 1 −1 1
cot 2=α → cot α=2→ =2 → tan α = → α=tan
tan α 2 2
1 1 3
tan(sec −1 √ 5 ¿−cot −1 2)=tan ⁡(θ−α )=tan ⁡( cos−1 −tan −1 )= ¿
√5 2 4

14. Two ships start from the same point, one going south and the other North 28° East. If the speed of the
first ship is 12 kph and the second ship is 16 kph, find the distance between them after 45 minutes.
Let a = distance between two ships, c = distance travelled by the first ship, b = distance travelled by second ship

d 1 hr
s= → d=st ; t=45 min × =0.75 hr
t 60 min
b=s 2 t=16 ( 0.75 )=12 km
c=s 1 t=12 ( 0.75 )=9 km
angle A=180 0−280 =1520
a 2=b2 +c 2−2 bc cos A
a =122+ 92−( 2 ) ( 12 )( 9 ) cos 1520
2

a=20.4 km
15. The bearing of B from A is N20°E, the bearing of C from B is S30°E and the bearing of A from C is
S40°W. If AB = 10, find the area of triangle ABC.

1
Area= bc sin A
2
A=40 −20 =20 B=20 + 300=500 C=1800−200−500 =1100
0 0 0 0

´
AB=c=10
10 b
AC=b
´ = → b=8.15
sin 110 sin 500
0

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1
Area= ( 8.15 )( 10 ) ( sin 200 ) =13.94
2
16. Two points A and B, 150 m apart lie on the same side of a tower on a hill and in a horizontal line
passing directly under the tower. The angles of elevation of the top and bottom of the tower viewed
from B are 42° and 34° respectively and at A, the angle of elevation of the bottom is 10°. Find the
height of the tower.

y y
sin 100= sin 34 0=
150+ x x
0 x sin34 0
sin 10 = → x=67.56 m∧ y=37.78 m
150+ x
h+ y h+ 37.78
sin 420 = = → h=7.4 m
x 67.56

17. A quadrilateral ABCD has its sides AB and BC perpendicular to each other at B. Side AD makes an
angle of 45° with the vertical while side CD makes an angle of 70° with the horizontal. If AB = 15 and
BC = 10, find the length of side CD.

∠ A=1800−450=1350 ∠ C=1800−70 0=1100 ∠ B=90 0

∠ D=360 0−( ∠ A+∠ B+∠ C ) =250
∆ ABC ¿ ¿ ¿: x =√ A B2 + BC 2=√ 152 +102=5 √ 13
10
∆ ABC ¿ ¿ ¿: α=tan −1 =33.690
15
β=∠ A−α =135 −33.69 0=101.310
0

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0
x CD x sin β 5 √13 ( sin 101.31 )
∆ ACD : = → CD= =
sin ∠D sin β sin ∠ D sin25 0
CD=41.5 m
18. From a point outside an equilateral triangle, the distances of the vertices are 10 m, 18 m and 10 m
respectively. Find the side of the triangle.

0
sin 300 sin ( 60 + β ) 18sin 30 0
∆ PCB :
10
=
18
β=sin −1 (
10 )
−600 =4.1580

∆ PCB : α=180 0−300 −( 600 + β )=85.8420

x 10 10 sin 85.8420
= → x= =19.94 m
sin α sin 300 sin 300
19. Solve the remaining side of the spherical triangle whose given parts are A = B = 80° and a = b = 89°.

20. A point P is at a distance of 4, 5 and 6 from the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side of x. Find x.

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x=8.5

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