The following paragraphs have been taken from Outliers: The Story of Success by Malcolm Gladwell:

Please use correct preposition to complete the story.

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1. Belgium and Denmark are only an hour or so apart __by_ airplane, for example. Danes look a lot like
Belgians, and if you were dropped _on__ a street corner _in_ Copenhagen, you wouldn’t find it all that
different __from_ a street corner _in__ Brussels.

2. __in_ the mid-1990s, an experimental public school called the KIPP Academy opened _on__ the
fourth floor of Lou Gehrig Junior High School _in__ New York City. Lou Gehrig is _in__ the seventh
school district, otherwise known as the South Bronx, one of the poorest neighborhoods _in__ New York
City. It is a squat, gray 1960s-era building _across__ the street from a bleak-looking group of high-rises.

3. Now take a look _at__ the last column, which totals up all the summer gains _from__ first grade
_to__ fifth grade. The reading scores of the poor kids go up __by_ 0.26 points. When it comes to reading
skills, poor kids learn nothing when school is not __in_ session. The reading scores of the rich kids, by
contrast, go up _by__ a whopping 52.49 points. Virtually all of the advantage that wealthy students have
over poor students is the result of differences in the way privileged kids learn __while_ they are not
__in_ school.

4. What are we seeing here? One very real possibility is that these are the educational consequences of
the differences _in__ parenting styles that we talked about __in_ the Chris Langan chapter. Think back
to Alex Williams, the nine-year-old whom Annette Lareau studied. His parents believe _in__ concerted
cultivation. He gets taken _to__ museums and gets enrolled _in__ special programs and goes _to__
summer camp, where he takes classes. When he’s bored _at__ home, there are plenty of books to read,
and his parents see it as their responsibility to keep him actively engaged _in__ the world __around_
him. It’s hard to see how Alex would get better _at__ reading and math _over__ the summer.

ALOK DEBNATH