ANSWERS OF TEST ON QUANTUM PHYSICS AND PARTICLE PHYSICS

TOTAL MARKS: 32

QUESTION I

a. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS. [6]

1. The instrument used to study the spectra of the galaxies is

A. spherometer B. spectrograph C. telescope D. binocular

2. When photon interacts with matter, it transfers

A. momentum B. electron C. intensity D. protons

3. A proton is an example of

A. meson B. quark C. baryon D. lepton

4. All of the following are examples of lepton EXCEPT

A. proton B. electron C. neutrino D. anti-neutrino

5. In the phenomenon of photoelectric effect on metals, an increase in the frequency of incident radiation
increases

A. velocity of emitted electrons B. work function of the metal C. threshold frequency D. rate of emission

6. The need for the emission of the neutrino or the antineutrino in the beta decay is to ensure that

A. charge is conserved in the interaction B. Strangeness is conserved in the interaction

C. lepton number is conserved in the interaction D. baryon number is conserved in the interaction

QUESTION 2

b. Fill in the blanks. [3]

i. Quarks can never exist as…single……………………..particle

ii. Quantum of a light wave of frequency ‘f’ has energy equal to……hf………………

iii. Energy of a photon is…inversely……………….proportional to its wavelength.

QUESTION 3

c. Correct the following statements [3]

i. Carbon nanotubes are light and have low strength.

Carbon nanotubes are light and have high strength.

ii. The energy of photon depends upon the intensity of radiation.

The energy of photon depends upon the frequency of radiation.

iii. All types of quarks have a topness of +1

All top quarks have a topness of +1

QUESTION 4

d. Answer the following questions. ( Make your answer precise and write to the point) [20]

1. State two properties of a positron. [1]

(i) it is a charged lepton. (ii) its lepton number is -1

2. Photoelectric emission is not possible at all frequencies. why? [1]

Only photons having energy above threshold energy could only emit photoelectrons because some of their energy
equal to work function of the incident metal surface to be transferred.

3. Differentiate between quark and lepton. [2]

Quarks Leptons
1. Cannot exist as single particle 1. Can exist as single particle
2. Heavier particles 2. Much lighter particles

4. Give FOUR applications of nano technology. [2]

(i) Electronic gadgets can be made smaller.

(ii) Can make ultra- hard and lighter materials can be obtained for military purpose.

(iii) Paints developed from nanotechnology can resist harshness of weather.

(iv) For the generation and storage of solar energy.

5. Give two differences between β + and β - decay. [2]

β + Decay β - Decay
1. A positron is emitted in decay 1. An electron is emitted in decay
2. A proton transforms to neutron 2. A neutron transforms to proton

6. What are matter waves? [1]

Waves associated with a matter is known as matter waves.

7. How are wave length and momentum of matter wave related? [1]

P = h/λ, so momentum of matter wave is inversely proportional to wave length.

8. What is pair annihilation? Also write an equation to represent it. [2]

When a particle and its antiparticle happen to meet each other they eliminate each other and transform to energy
known as pair annihilation.

Electron( e –i) + Positron ( e +1) → 2γ ( two gamma ray photons)

9. When a radiation produced by hydrogen gas is passed through a prism.

(i) What kind of spectrum is produced?

Emission spectrum

(ii) Name the spectrum produced when this radiation is passed through cold gas. [1]

Absorption of spectrum
10. Write one property of proton that is same as its antiparticle and another property that is different. [2]

(i) Same mass (ii) Different charges

11. How can nanotechnology be used for the treatment of foot odour and brain disorder. [2]

(i) Silver nanoparticles put in socks kills the bacteria that causes foot odour.

(ii) Brain disorder can be treated by nanoparticles that can cross brain blood barrier without opening the brain.

12. What is weak force in particle physics? [1]

The fundamental force that acts between leptons responsible for decay of hadrons in nucleus of a radioactive
atom.

13. Tungsten has definite work function, but when X-rays fall on Tungsten plate photoelectrons having different
energies are emitted. Why? [2]

This is because of the difference in penetration of X-ray on Tungsten surface that electrons at various energy levels
of electrons are ejected, so they carry different energies.

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