Pre-University

STPM Semester Two Trial Year 2019

Mathematics T (954/2)
Duration: I hour 30minutes
Name:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Section A (45 marks)
Answer all questions in this section.

1. The function h is defined by

sin 𝑥 , 𝑥 ≤ 0
ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥 ,𝑥 > 0
Sketch the graph h for – 𝜋 < 𝑥 < 𝜋. Is h is continuous at 𝑥 = 0? [6m]

𝑑𝑦
2. Given that 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦 2 = 4, find an expression for 𝑑𝑥 in terms of 𝑥 and 𝑦. Find the coordinates of each points on
the curve 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦 2 = 4 at which the tangent is parallel to the 𝑥-axis. [6m]

𝑥+1
3. (a) By using the substitution 𝑧 = 2𝑥 − 1, find ∫ (2𝑥−1)2 𝑑𝑥. [3m]
𝜋
𝑑
(b) Show that 𝑑𝜃 (𝑡𝑎𝑛3 𝜃) may be expressed in the form 3𝑡𝑎𝑛4 𝜃 + 3 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 3.Hence, find ∫0 𝑡𝑎𝑛4 𝜃𝑑𝜃. 4 [6m]
1
(c) Evaluate the integral ∫0 𝑥𝑒 −2𝑥 𝑑𝑥, leaving your answer in terms of 𝑒. [3m]

4. [Take the acceleration due to gravity to be 10𝑚𝑠 −1 in this question]

A particle moving through the air experiences a resistance of magnitude 0.004𝑚𝑣 2N, where 𝑚 kg is the mass of the
particle and 𝑣𝑚𝑠 −1 is its velocity. The particle is projected vertically upwards from a point O, and 𝑡 seconds after the
instant of projection its height above O is 𝑥 metres. While the particle is moving upwards, 𝑟 and 𝑥 satisfy the
differential equation
𝑑𝑣
250𝑣 = −(2500 + 𝑣 2 ).
𝑑𝑥

Given that the speed of projection is 50𝑚𝑠 −1, show that the greatest height above O reached by the particle is 87m
correct to the nearest metre. [5m]

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
5. Given that 𝑦 = (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥)2 , show that (1 − 𝑥 2 ) −𝑥 = 2 . Hence, express 𝑦 as a series of ascending powers of x
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
4
up to and including the term in 𝑥 . [6m]

2 ln 𝑥+1
6 (a) Given an equation 𝑥2
= −1 . Determine the convergence of the iteration using the Newton-Raphson
method for the equation above, where the initial value is 0.6. [6m]
(b) By using width of 1unit, show that when n is a positive integer greater than 1, the trapezium rule
𝑛+1 1 𝑛+1
approximation to ∫2 ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ln(𝑛!) + 2 ln ( 2
). [4m]

Section B (15 marks)

 Answer only one question in this section

7. (a) Sketch the graph of 𝑦 2 = 4𝑎(𝑎 − 𝑥), where 𝑎 is a positive constant. Shade the region R, which is bounded by
the 𝑥-axis and 𝑦-axis and the part of the curve 𝑦 2 = 4𝑎(𝑎 − 𝑥) lying in the first quadrant. [2m]
Find, in terms of 𝑎,
(i) the area of R [3m]
(ii) the volume, 𝑉𝑥 , of the solid formed when R is rotated completely about the 𝑥-axis. [3m]

(b) The volume of the solid formed when R is rotated completely about the y-axis is 𝑉𝑦 .
8
Show that 𝑉𝑦 = 15 𝑉𝑥 . [5m]

The region S, lying in the first quadrant, is bounded by the curve 𝑦 2 = 4𝑎(𝑎 − 𝑥),and the lines 𝑥 = 𝑎 and
𝑦 = 2𝑎.
Find, in terms of 𝑎, the volume of the solid formed when S is rotated completely about the 𝑦-axis. [2m]

𝑧 𝑑𝑦 2𝑥𝑦+1−2𝑦
8. (a) Substitute 𝑦 = in the differential equation = to obtain a differential equation relating 𝑧 and 𝑥.
𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥(𝑥+2)

Solve the differential equation and express y in term of x. [6m]

1 𝑑𝑦
(b) Using the substitution 𝑧 = 𝑦2 show that the differential equation 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑦 3 can be reduced to
𝑑𝑧 2𝑧 2
− = − 𝑥 2 . Hence, find the particular solution of the differential equation in y and x for which 𝑦 = 1
𝑑𝑥 𝑥

when 𝑥 = 1. [9m]
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Mathematical Formulae
Differentiation Maclaurin series
𝑑 1 𝑥2 𝑥𝑟
• (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥) = 2
• 𝑒𝑥 = 1 + 𝑥 + + ⋯ + + ⋯
𝑑𝑥 √1−𝑥 2! 𝑟!
𝑥 2 𝑥 3 𝑥𝑟
𝑑 −1
• (𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥) = • ln(1 + 𝑥) = 𝑥 − + − ⋯ + (−1)𝑟+1 + ⋯ , −1 < 𝑥 ≤ 1
𝑑𝑥 √1−𝑥 2 2 3 𝑟
𝑥3 𝑥5 𝑟 𝑥
2𝑟+1
•
𝑑 −1
(𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥) =
1
• sin 𝑥 = 𝑥 − 3!
+ 5!
− ⋯ + (−1) (2𝑟+1)!
+ ⋯
𝑑𝑥 1+𝑥 2
𝑥 2 𝑥 4 𝑥 2𝑟
𝑑
• [𝑓(𝑥)𝑔(𝑥)] = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥)𝑔(𝑥) + 𝑓(𝑥)𝑔′ (𝑥) • cos 𝑥 = 1 − + − ⋯ + (−1)𝑟 (2𝑟)! + ⋯
𝑑𝑥 2! 4!
𝑑 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑓′ (𝑥)𝑔(𝑥)−𝑓(𝑥)𝑔′ (𝑥)
• [ ] = [𝑔(𝑥)]2
𝑑𝑥 𝑔(𝑥) Numerical Methods
Newton-Raphson method
Integration 𝑓(𝑥𝑛 )
𝑥𝑛+1 = 𝑥𝑛 − ′ , 𝑛 = 0, 1,2, 3, …
𝑓′ (𝑥) 𝑓 (𝑥𝑛 )
• ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 = ln|𝑓(𝑥)| + 𝑐
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑢 Trapezium rule
• ∫ 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑏 1 𝑏−𝑎
∫𝑎 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 ≈ ℎ[𝑦0 + 2(𝑦1 + 𝑦2 + ⋯ + 𝑦𝑛−1 ) + 𝑦𝑛 ], ℎ =
2 𝑛

Mark Scheme (Sem 2 Trial 2019)

No. Marks Comments
1. y D1 Both correct graphs
D1 All correct with empty
dot indicated

-𝜋 0 𝜋 x

-1

lim 𝑥 = 0 M1 Correct functions used

𝑥→0+

lim sin 𝑥 = 0 A1 and value of limit

𝑥→0−

lim ℎ(𝑥) = 0 ; ℎ(0) = 0

𝑥→0
B1 Conclusions
Since lim+ 𝑥 = lim− sin 𝑥 = 0, therefore the lim ℎ(𝑥) exists.
𝑥→0 𝑥→0 𝑥→0 B1
Since lim ℎ(𝑥) exists and lim ℎ(𝑥) = ℎ(0) = 0, therefore ℎ(𝑥) is a
𝑥→0 𝑥→0

continuous function at 𝑥 = 0.
[6m]
2. 𝑥2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑦2 = 4 … . . (1)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 M1 Correct product rule
2𝑥 − [2𝑦 + 2𝑥 ] + 4𝑦 =0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 M1 Implicit differentiation
𝑑𝑦 𝑦−𝑥
= A1
𝑑𝑥 2𝑦 − 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
Tangent parallel to x-axis, =0
𝑑𝑥
𝑦−𝑥
= 0 but 2𝑦 − 𝑥 ≠ 0 B1 𝑦−𝑥
2𝑦−𝑥 Letting =0
2𝑦−𝑥
𝑦−𝑥 =0
𝑦=𝑥
Substitute 𝑦 = 𝑥 into (1)
Substitute “his” y
𝑥2 = 4 M1
value to solve for x
𝑥 = −2 𝑜𝑟 2
A1
The points are (-2,-2) and (2,2)
(6m)
3. 𝑧+1 M1 Express x in terms of z
∫
𝑥+1
𝑑𝑥 = ∫ 2 + 1 (1 𝑑𝑧)
(a) (2𝑥 − 1)2 𝑧2 2
1 1
= ∫ + 3𝑧 −2 𝑑𝑧
4 𝑧
1 3 M1 Correct integration
= [ln|𝑧| − ] + 𝑐
4 𝑧
for “his” function
3. 1 3 A1 Express in term of x with
== [ln|2𝑥 − 1| − ]+𝑐
4 2𝑥−1
+𝑐
3b) 𝑑 M1 Correct differentiation
(𝑡𝑎𝑛3 𝜃) = 3𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃
𝑑𝜃
= 3𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃(1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃)
= 3𝑡𝑎𝑛4 𝜃 + 3(𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 1)
A1
= 3𝑡𝑎𝑛4 𝜃 + 3 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 3

𝜋 𝜋
4 4 𝑑
∫ 3𝑡𝑎𝑛4 𝜃 + 3 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 3 𝑑𝜃 = ∫ (𝑡𝑎𝑛3 𝜃)𝑑𝜃
0 0 𝑑𝜃
𝜋 𝜋
𝜋 M1 Rearrange and able to use
4 1 4
∫ 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃𝑑𝜃 = {[𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃]04 − ∫ 3 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃 − 3 𝑑𝜃}
4 3 the integral sign correctly
0 3 0
𝜋
1 3 𝜋 4 Correct integration for
= {𝑡𝑎𝑛 (4 ) − [3 tan 𝜃 − 3𝜃]0 } M1 “his” function
3
𝜋 2
= − Substitution with his
4 3 M1A1 correct limiting value
correctly and answer

3c) 1
−2𝑥
1 −2𝑥 1 1
1 M1 Correct integration by
∫ 𝑥𝑒 𝑑𝑥 = [− 𝑥𝑒 ] − ∫ − 𝑒 −2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 part
0 2 0 0 2
1 1 1
= − 𝑒 −2 − [ 𝑒 −2𝑥 ] M1
Correct integration and
2 4 0 limiting value
3 1 And substitution
= − 𝑒 −2 +
4 4 A1

(12m)
4. 𝑑𝑣
250𝑣 = −(2500 + 𝑣 2 )
𝑑𝑥
When 𝑡 = 0, 𝑥 = 0, 𝑣 = 50
Let 𝑠 be the greatest height, 𝑣 = 0
0 𝑠
𝑣 B1 Separable variable
−250 ∫ 2
𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 M1 correct limiting values
50 2500 + 𝑣 0
with integral sign
250 0 2𝑣 𝑠
− ∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥
2 50 2500 + 𝑣 2 0
M1 Correct of “his”
−125[ln(2500 + 𝑣 2 )]050 = 𝑥 integration
𝑠 = −125[ln 2500 − ln 5000] M1
Substitution with “his”
 = 86.64 A1 correct limiting value
≈ 87𝑚 shown (5m)
5 𝑦 = (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥)2
2𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥
𝑦′ = B1
√1 − 𝑥 2
𝑦′ √1 − 𝑥 2 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥
Correct implicit
𝑦 ′ (−2𝑥) 2 M1 differentiation or correct
+ 𝑦′′ √1 − 𝑥 2 =
2 √1 − 𝑥 2 √1 − 𝑥 2 second derivatives.
A1 Multiply both sides with
𝑦 ′′ (1 − 𝑥 2 ) − 𝑥𝑦 ′ = 2
√1 − 𝑥 2
𝑦 ′′′ (1 − 𝑥 2 ) − 3𝑥𝑦 ′′ − 𝑦 ′ = 0 M1 Find y’’’
𝑦 4 (1 − 𝑥 2 ) − 5𝑥𝑦 ′′′ − 4𝑦 ′′ = 0 Find 𝑦 4

0𝑥 2𝑥 2 0𝑥 3 8𝑥 4 M1 With correct (his)

(𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥)2 = 0 + + + + +⋯
1! 2! 3! 4! y,y’,y’’,y’’’ and 𝑦 4 value
𝑥4 and correct macluarin
= 𝑥2 + +⋯ formulae
3
A1
(6m)
6a) 2 ln 𝑥 + 1
+1=0
𝑥2
2 ln 𝑥+1
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = +1
𝑥2
2 M1 Correct 𝑓′(𝑥)
𝑥 2 (𝑥) − 2𝑥(ln 𝑥 + 1)
′ (𝑥)
𝑓 =
𝑥4
4 ln 𝑥
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −
𝑥3
2 ln 𝑥𝑛 + 1
+1
𝑥𝑛 2 M1 Correct NR formulae
𝑥𝑛+1 = 𝑥𝑛 −
4 ln 𝑥𝑛
−
𝑥𝑛 3
3 1 + 𝑥𝑛 2
𝑥𝑛+1 = 𝑥𝑛 ( + ) A1 Equivalent equation
2 4 ln 𝑥𝑛

′ (𝑥)
3 4(1 + 3𝑥 2 ) ln 𝑥 − 4(1 + 𝑥 2 ) M1 Correct differentiation
𝐹 = +
2 (4 ln 𝑥)2 For choosing the correct
F(X)

′ (0.6)
3 4(1 + 3(0.6)2 ) ln 0.6 − 4(1 + (0.6)2 ) M1 Correct convergence test
𝐹 = +
2 (4 ln(0.6))2
initial x = 0.6.
= −0.821 > −1
Since, −1 < 𝐹 ′ (0.6) < 0, therefore the iteration converges
A1
 𝑏) 𝑋 2 ……… 𝑛 𝑛+1 B1
𝑙𝑛𝑥 ln 2 ……… ln 𝑛 ln(𝑛 + 1)

𝑛+1
∫ ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2
1
≈ [ln 2 + ln(𝑛 + 1) + 2(ln 3 + ln 4 + ⋯ + ln 𝑛 ]
2 M1
ln 2 ln(𝑛 + 1)
≈ + + ln 3 + ln 4 + ⋯ + ln 𝑛
2 2
𝐥𝐧(𝒏+𝟏) 𝐥𝐧 𝟐
≈ − + ln 2+ln 3 + ln 4 + ⋯ + ln 𝑛
𝟐 𝟐 M1
1 𝑛+1 ≈ must
≈ ln(𝑛!) + ln ( )
2 2
A1
(10m)
7a) D1 Shape of the curve

2𝑎 D1 Correct shaded region or

label R
𝑅
0 𝑎

−2 𝑎 𝑎

(i) 𝑎 2𝑎 4𝑎2 −𝑦2

∫0 √4𝑎(𝑎 − 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 or ∫0 4𝑎
𝑑𝑦
𝑎
B1
3
(𝑎−𝑥)2 1 𝑦3 2𝑎
= [2 √𝑎 3 ] = 4𝑎 [4𝑎2 𝑦 − ] M1
−
2
3 0
0
4𝑎2 1 (2𝑎)3
= = 4𝑎 [4𝑎2 (2𝑎) − − 0]
3 3
4𝑎2 A1
= 3

𝑎
(ii) 𝑉𝑥 = 𝜋 ∫ 4𝑎2 − 4𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥 B1
0
M1
= 𝜋[4𝑎2 𝑥 − 2𝑎𝑥 2 ]𝑎0
= 2𝑎3 𝜋 A1

b) 2𝑎 2 B1 Correct formula and limit ,

𝑦2
𝑉𝑦 = 𝜋 ∫ (𝑎 − ) 𝑑𝑦 integrate w.r. t y
0 4𝑎
2𝑎 𝑦2 𝑦4
= 𝜋 ∫0 𝑎2 − + 𝑑𝑦
2 16𝑎2
Correct integration
M1
 2𝑎
𝑦3 𝑦5
= 𝜋 [𝑎2 𝑦 − 6 + 80𝑎2 ]
0 A1
16𝜋 3
= 𝑎
15
16𝜋 3
𝑉𝑦 = 𝑎
15
8
= 15 (2𝑎3 𝜋) M1
8 Able to express 𝑉𝑥 in the
= 𝑉
15 𝑥 8
A1 factor term pf 15 ( MUST)

Volume of S = 4𝑎3 𝜋 −
16𝜋
𝑎3 M1 Able to find correct 2𝑎3
15
correctly.
14𝜋 3
= 𝑎 A1
15
(15m)
8a) 𝑑𝑦 2𝑥𝑦 + 1 − 2𝑦
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥(𝑥 + 2)
𝑑𝑧
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑧
= B1
𝑑𝑥 𝑥2
𝑑𝑧 𝑧 𝑧
𝑥 − 𝑧 2𝑥 (𝑥 ) + 1 − 2 (𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥 = M1
𝑥2 𝑥(𝑥 + 2) Substitute with z and x
“his”
𝑑𝑧 3𝑧 + 1
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥+2
1 1 Separable variable “his” &
∫ 𝑑𝑧 = ∫ 𝑑𝑥 M1
3𝑧 + 1 𝑥+2 integral signs.

1 M1
ln(3𝑧 + 1) = ln(𝑥 + 2) + 𝑐
3 Correct int With +c
3 3𝑐
M1
3𝑧 + 1 = 𝐴(𝑥 + 2) ,𝐴 = 𝑒
Eliminate ln
3𝑥𝑦 + 1 = 𝐴(𝑥 + 2)3
𝐴(𝑥 + 2)3 − 1 A1
𝑦=
3𝑥 Accept only y subject
b) 𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑦 B1
= −2𝑦 −3
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1 3 𝑑𝑧 1 3
𝑥 2 (− 𝑧 −2 ) + 𝑥𝑧 −2 = 𝑧 −2 M1 Express in term of x and z
2 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 2 𝑑𝑧
− + 𝑥𝑧 = 1
2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑧 2𝑧 2
− =− 2 A1
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
2
∫ −𝑥𝑑𝑥
I.F : 𝑒 = 𝑒 −2 ln 𝑥 M1
 1 A1
=
𝑥2

1 𝑑𝑧 2𝑧 2 M1 Multply “his “If

− =−
𝑥2 𝑑𝑥 𝑥3 𝑥4

𝑧 2 M1 Integrate correctly.
= ∫ − 𝑑𝑥
𝑥2 𝑥4
2
= +𝑐
3𝑥 3
2
𝑧= + 𝑐𝑥 2
3𝑥

1
When 𝑥 = 1 , 𝑦 = 1, 𝑐 = 3 M1 Find +c
2 𝑥2
∴𝑧= +
3𝑥 3 A1

(15M)