Collection of SANS Standards in Electronic Format (PDF) : I Agree With The Above

Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF)
1. Copyright
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complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright
agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRANET
SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT
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would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules.
2. Indemnity
The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any damage whatsoever
than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein,
irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof.
I agree with the above

This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.
ISBN 978-0-626-24486-6
SANS 10270:2004
Edition 1.1
Any reference to SABS 0270 is deemed

to be a reference to this standard
(Government Notice No. 1373 of 8 November 2002)
SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
Welding of thermoplastics — Approval of

welding procedures and welds
Published by SABS Standards Division

1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001
Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568
www.sabs.co.za
© SABS
SANS 10270:2004
Edition 1.1
Table of changes
Change No. Date Scope
Amdt 1 2004 Amended to change the designation of SABS standards to SANS
standards.
Acknowledgement
The SABS Standards Division wishes to acknowledge the valuable assistance derived from
publications of the following organizations:
DIN (Deutches Institut für Normung e.V.)

Deutscher Verband für Schweisstechnik (German Welding Engineering Association)
Foreword
This South African standards was approved by National Committee SABS TC 1041, Welding of
thermoplastics, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with
annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement.
This edition cancels and replaces the first edition (SABS 0270:1999).
Annex A forms an integral part of this document. Annexes B, C and D are for information only.
Reaffirmed and reprinted in June 2010.

This standard will be reviewed every 5 years and
either be reaffirmed, amended, revised or withdrawn.
SANS 10270:2004
Edition 1.1
Contents
Page
Acknowledgement
Foreword
1 Scope ..................................................................................................................................... 3
2 Normative references ............................................................................................................. 3
3 Definitions and abbreviations ................................................................................................. 4
4 Requirements ......................................................................................................................... 7
5 Qualification joint .................................................................................................................... 8
6 Validity range ......................................................................................................................... 12
7 Welding procedure specification qualification report (WPS-QR) ........................................... 17
8 Summary of approval procedure ........................................................................................... 17
9 Qualification file ...................................................................................................................... 18
Annexes
A Joint types .............................................................................................................................. 19
B Examples of welding procedure specifications and certificates of compliance ..................... 21
C Example of welding procedure specification qualification report (WPS-QR) ......................... 26
D Bibliography ........................................................................................................................... 27
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Welding of thermoplastics — Approval of welding procedures

and welds
1 Scope
1.1 This standard covers the approval of procedures for the welding of thermoplastics and the
approval of welds made during production, using heat or solvent welding techniques. The standard
is applicable to sheet, pipe and other sections made of thermoplastics materials.
1.2 This standard is not applicable to geomembranes, for example dam and refuse tip linings.
Geomembranes are covered by SANS 1526.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this standard. All standards are subject to revision and, since any reference to a
standard is deemed to be a reference to the latest edition of that standard, parties to agreements
based on this standard are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent editions
of the standards indicated below. Information on currently valid national and international standards
can be obtained from the SABS Standards Division.
ISO 6947, Welds – Working positions – Definitions of angles of slope and rotation.
SANS 1655 (SABS 1655), Welding of thermoplastics – Welding rods, fillers and solvents.
SANS 6269 (SABS SM 1269), Welding of thermoplastics – Test methods for welded joints.
SANS 10268-1 (SABS 0268-1), Welding of thermoplastics – Welding processes – Part 1: Heated-
tool welding.
SANS 10268-2 (SABS 0268-2), Welding of thermoplastics – Welding processes – Part 2:

Electrofusion welding.
SANS 10268-3 (SABS 0268-3), Welding of thermoplastics – Welding processes – Part 3: Hot-gas
welding.
SANS 10268-4 (SABS 0268-4), Welding of thermoplastics – Welding processes – Part 4: Hot-gas
extrusion welding.
SANS 10268-5 (SABS 0268-5), Welding of thermoplastics – Welding processes – Part 5: Solvent
welding.
SANS 10268-10 (SABS 0268-10), Welding of thermoplastics – Welding processes – Part 10: Weld
defects.
SANS 10269 (SABS 0269), Welding of thermoplastics – Testing and approval of welders.
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3 Definitions and abbreviations

3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the definitions given in SANS 10268-1 and the following
definitions apply:
3.1.1
acceptable
acceptable to the inspection authority, and complying with the relevant provisions of this standard
3.1.2
bead-forming
a phase of the heated-tool welding operation that consists of obtaining a small, regular bead on the
entire periphery of each element
3.1.3
bead-forming pressure or force
pressure or force applied during the bead-forming phase
3.1.4
branching
the fixing of a pipe element onto another pipe or sheet
3.1.5
cleaner
<chemical> an organic solvent used to remove foreign matter from the surfaces of joint components
3.1.6
cleaner
<mechanical> an abrasive material or device used to prepare joint surfaces for welding (by
removing gloss, burrs or the like, and foreign matter)
3.1.7
compiler
the person who compiles the welding procedure specification
3.1.8
complementary variable
a variable that does not have a direct influence on the validity range of the welding procedure
specification approval
3.1.9
contractor
the physical or legal person who assumes responsibility for fabrications of welded thermoplastics
material, in accordance with specifications agreed upon with his customer
3.1.10
defect
a discontinuity in a weld or a difference between the required and actual shapes of a weld
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3.1.11
essential variable
a variable that has a direct influence on the validity range of the welding procedure specification
approval
3.1.12
extrusion
a process whereby heated plastics material is forced through a shaping orifice to become one
continuously formed piece
3.1.13
inspector
an independent person who has been certified or recognized (or both) by the SAQCC and who
inspects welding procedures and welds for compliance with the provisions of this standard
3.1.14
non-destructive testing agent
a person who has been certified by the SAQCC-TPJI and who devotes the major part of his
professional time to the carrying out, at industrial level, of non-destructive testing in accordance with
the rules, codes, standards and specifications relating to the testing of products
3.1.15
preliminary welding procedure specification
P-WPS
a draft copy of a proposed welding procedure specification which is assumed by the contractor to
be adequate, before acceptance by the customer. This document might have to be modified if initial
test results prove unsatisfactory
NOTE Typical P-WPS formats are shown in annex B.
3.1.16
production weld tests
a series of tests done in accordance with a prescribed method, to determine whether the welds
made in the course of the production of fabricated articles (in a factory, in a workshop or in any
other workplace), are acceptable
3.1.17
qualification joint
a joint made during the welding procedure approval test
3.1.18
scraping
scraping the surface of the thermoplastics material to prepare it for the welding process
3.1.19
solvent cement
a solution of a polymer or plastics material in a suitable solvent or mixture of solvents
3.1.20
solvent-only welding
the process of effecting a weld between the components of a joint by using a solvent unmodified by
the addition of other substances
3.1.21
test specimen
a specimen that has been taken from the qualification joint to use in an obligatory destructive test
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3.1.22
validity range
extent of the approval awarded in terms of an essential variable
3.1.23
welding personnel
people who execute welded joints in thermoplastics materials
3.1.24
welding procedure approval tests
a series of tests carried out in accordance with this standard, to determine whether the facilities and
equipment at the disposal of the contractor, and the welding procedure he intends to use on work to
be done under a specific contract, are sufficient to produce acceptable welds on material(s) of a
specific form, type, range, thickness, diameter or dimension (as applicable)
3.1.25
welding procedure specification
WPS
a final acceptable document that records the materials, methods and practices used in the welding
of a joint. This document evolves from the preliminary welding procedure specification (P-WPS)
once all parties are satisfied with the performance of the qualification joint
NOTE The format and contents of the WPS are the same as for a P-WPS (see annex B).
3.1.26
welding procedure specification qualification report
WPS-QR
a report that contains the results of inspections, examinations and tests that have been carried out
on a qualification joint in order to obtain approval of a welding procedure specification
3.1.27
welding process
the technique used to execute a permanent joint, characterized by the welding method used
3.2 Abbreviations
a Straight length of pipe in a branching joint or in a socket joint
c Length of sheet side in a branching joint
D Misalignment value
de External diameter
de1 External diameter of the carrier pipe (main pipe)
de2 External diameter of the branch pipe
e Thickness of the qualification joint
e1 Thickness of the carrier pipe (main pipe)
e2 Thickness of the branch pipe
Lw Welded length
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SAQCC-TPJI South African Qualification and Certification Committee – Thermoplastics Joining

Industry.
t Sheet thickness
4 Requirements
4.1 Facilities and equipment
Any contractor who applies for welding procedure approval shall first demonstrate to the inspector
that his facilities and equipment are of such a nature that he can reproduce the work normally
carried out in a workshop or in any other workplace to the standard that is required for the welding
procedure approval test.
4.2 Equivalence (acceptance) of existing welding procedure approvals

Existing welding procedure approvals are regarded as being equivalent (acceptable) as long as the
technical provisions of this standard have been complied with.
4.3 Supplementary tests

If supplementary tests are necessary to obtain a technically equivalent performance approval, such
tests shall be carried out on a qualification joint that has been made in accordance with this
standard.
4.4 Communication of preliminary welding procedure specification (P-WPS)

Before welding takes place, copies of the P-WPS shall be handed out and explained by the
proposed contractor to the welding personnel and to the inspector.
4.5 Identification of qualification joints

Qualification joints shall be identified by reference numbers given in the proposed contractor's
P-WPS.
4.6 Supervision and record keeping

Welding of the qualification joints and inspection of the test specimen shall take place under the
supervision of an inspector, who shall check and record the identification and traceability of the
welding materials used and the identity of the welding personnel. The inspector shall ensure that
the qualification joints are in accordance with the provisions of the P-WPS.
4.7 Welding materials

The welding materials used for the qualification joints shall be identical to those to be used for the
production of the work contracted for.
4.8 Early termination of test

The inspector may stop the test if the welding procedures, as set out in the P-WPS, are not adhered
to, or if it becomes apparent that the welding personnel do not have the necessary skill.
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4.9 Qualification of welding personnel

All welding personnel shall be in possession of a current and relevant welding qualification in
accordance with the requirements of SANS 10269.
4.10 Welding processes

All welding processes shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the relevant South
African national welding process standards, i.e. SANS 10268-1, SANS 10268-2, SANS 10268-3,
SANS 10268-4 or SANS 10268-5 and SANS 10268-10.
5 Qualification joint
5.1 Types of qualification joint
5.1.1 Any of the following joints, as appropriate to the end usage, may be chosen as a qualification
joint:
a) Heat-welded joint
1) Fillet joint (group A),
2) Butt joint (group B),
3) Branch (group P),
4) Socket joint (group E), and
5) Electrofusion joint;
b) Solvent-welded joint
Socket joint.
5.1.2 See annex A for diagrams of heat-welded joints and clarification of groups, and figure 5(b) for
a sketch of a solvent-welded joint.
NOTE The diagrams given in annex A are schematic. The purpose of the diagrams is only to define the type
of joint, since the shape of the weld bead is theoretical.
5.2 Shape and dimensions of the qualification joint
5.2.1 General
The qualification joint shall be of sufficient size and there shall be a number of joints such as to
allow appropriate sampling of the test specimens necessary for tests and duplicate tests (see
clause 10 of SANS 10269).
The minimum dimensions given in figures 1 to 3 are sufficient to ensure that the specimens can be
held in the holding jaws of the welding apparatus.
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5.2.2 Butt welding of sheets
The qualification joint for butt joints in sheets shall be in accordance with the example given in
figure 1.
The preparation and positioning of edges shall be in accordance with the P-WPS.
Figure 1 — Qualification joint for butt welding of sheets (heat welding)
5.2.3 Butt welding of pipes
The qualification joint for butt joints in pipes shall be in accordance with the example given in
figure 2.
The preparation of the joint shall be in accordance with the P-WPS.
Figure 2 — Qualification joint for butt welding of pipes (heated-tool welding)
5.2.4 Fillet welding
The qualification joint for fillet joints shall be in accordance with the example given in figure 3.
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The preparation and positioning of edges shall be in accordance with the P-WPS.
Figure 3 — Qualification joint for fillet welding (heat welding)
5.2.5 Branch welding
The qualification joint for branches shall be in accordance with the appropriate of the examples
given in figure 4. The prepared branch joint may be mitred, fully penetrant or fitted. The preparation
and positioning of edges shall be in accordance with the P-WPS.
Figure 4 — Qualification joint for branches (heat welding)
5.2.6 Socket joints
The qualification joint for socket joints shall be in accordance with the appropriate of the examples
given in figures 5(a) and 5(b). The preparation of the joint shall be in accordance with the P-WPS.
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Figure 5(a) — Qualification joint for socket joints (heated-tool welding)
Figure 5(b) — Qualification joint for socket joints (solvent welding)
5.2.7 Electrofusion welding
The qualification joint for electrofusion joints shall be in accordance with the example given in
figure 6. Instructions shall be supplied by the socket or fitting manufacturer, and shall be included in
the P-WPS.
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Figure 6 — Qualification joint for electrofusion welding
5.3 Welding positions

Welding positions shall be as given in the P-WPS. All welding positions for heat or solvent welding
shall refer to the positions given in ISO 6947. Unless otherwise agreed upon between the contractor
and the customer, welding positions for qualification joints shall be in accordance with table 1 of
SANS 10269.
5.4 Extent of examinations and tests
5.4.1 Once the weld has been made in accordance with the requirements of the preliminary
welding procedure specification, the inspector shall complete a certificate of compliance with the
P-WPS (see annex B).
5.4.2 The welded joints shall be subjected to visual examination, and to destructive testing in
accordance with SANS 6269. They may also be subjected to non-destructive testing (NDT) if so
required by the customer or the inspector.
5.5 Test specimens

Test specimens shall comply with the requirements of SANS 6269.
6 Validity range
6.1 General
All conditions of validity mentioned below shall be met, each one independent of any of the others.
If the validity range is exceeded, a new qualification test for the WPS shall be carried out.
The WPS welds which are normally intended to be made on site may be done in a workshop,
unless the customer explicitly requests otherwise.
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6.1.1 Essential variables for heat welding
The following essential variables are applicable to all heat welding:
a) contractor;
b) base and filler material;
c) thickness of the material;
d) preparation angle of bevel;
e) welding process; and
f) joint types.
6.1.2 Essential variables determined by the type of heat-welding process
6.1.2.1 Heated-tool welding
The following essential variables are applicable to heated-tool welding:
a) temperature;
b) pressure;
c) cleaning agent; and
d) time.
6.1.2.2 Hot-gas extrusion welding
The following essential variables are applicable to hot-gas extrusion welding:
a) temperature of gas;
b) temperature of extrudate;
c) feed rate; and
d) welding position (at customer=s discretion).
6.1.2.3 Hot-gas welding
The following essential variables are applicable to hot-gas welding:
a) type of gas used;
b) temperature of gas; and
c) welding position (at customer=s discretion).
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6.1.2.4 Electrofusion welding
The following essential variables are applicable to electrofusion welding:
a) socket manufacturer's instructions; and
b) depth of insertion.
6.1.2.5 Heated-tool socket welding
The following essential variables are applicable to heated-tool socket welding:
a) temperature;
b) method of alignment; and
c) depth of insertion.
6.1.2.6 All other processes (for example, infrared welding or bead and crevice-free welding)
The machine manufacturer's instructions are essential variables for heat-welding processes not
covered in 6.1.2.1 to 6.1.2.5.
6.1.3 Essential variables determined by the type of solvent-welding process
6.1.3.1 Solvent-only welding
The following essential variables are applicable to solvent-only welding:
a) area of joint surface;
b) drying time;
c) depth of insertion; and
d) welding position (at customer=s discretion).
6.1.3.2 Solvent-cement welding with low or medium viscosity cements
The following essential variables are applicable to solvent-cement welding:
a) area of joint surface;
b) drying time;
c) depth of insertion;
d) viscosity of cement; and
e) welding position (at customer=s discretion).
6.2 Validity of WPS qualification in respect of the contractor

A WPS qualification obtained by a contractor is valid for that contractor only and only for welding in
workshops or on sites that have been placed under the direct responsibility of such a contractor.
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The qualification is not valid in the workshops or on sites that belong to subcontractors, unless the
customer agrees to this.
6.3 Validity in respect of base material and filler material for heat-welding
processes
There is no equivalence between groups of base material and of filler material, since each material
group is unique and cannot be substituted. Heat-welded, filler-promoted joints are always made
using filler materials that belong to the base material group.
In the case of filler materials, the qualification obtained is limited to:
a) the shape of the filler material(s) used during qualification; and
b) the dimensions immediately above and below those of the filler material(s) used during
qualification.
For example, if the welding rod used was of diameter 3 mm, then rods of diameter 2 mm and
4 mm would be included in the qualification.
Filler materials shall comply with the requirements of SANS 1655.
6.4 Thickness of material

The WPS qualification obtained on a thickness t (for sheet materials), or wall thickness e1 (for
pipes), qualifies the thicknesses for the validity range given in table 1.
In the case of different thicknesses of material in a joint, the thinnest of the two pieces is measured
to obtain thickness t or e.
In the case of fillet joints, t represents the height of the weld or the throat thickness. (See annex A,
table A.1, group 3A.)
Table 1 — Validity range in respect of thickness t or e1

of the type of qualification joint (heat welding)
1 2 3 4 5
Hot-gas welding Heated-tool
Thickness t Hot-gas
multi-pass Heated-tool socket welding
(or e1) welding
(single or multi- welding and electrofusion
of the joint single-pass
process) welding
mm
t<2 0,75 t to 1,5 t – 0,75 t to 1,5 t 0,75 t to 1,5 t
3 ± 1 < t < 10 ± 0,5 t to 1,5 t 0,5 t to 1,5 t 0,5 t to 1,5 t
–
2 min 2 min 2 min 2
t > 12 0,5 t to 2 t 0,5 t to 2 t 0,5 t to 2 t
–
min 10 min 10 min 10
6.5 Preparation angle of bevelled edges
6.5.1 Heat welding of sheet
The WPS qualification is only valid in the case of preparation angles of the bevelled edge that are ≥
30° (i.e. a half-angle equal to 15°).
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6.5.2 Socket welding of pipes by heat or solvent welding
The exact value of the angle of the bevelled or chamfered edge of the pipe is not critical, provided
that, for solvent-welded joints, the angle is between 10° and 15° (see figure 5(b)).
6.6 Welding process

A qualification is obtained only for the welding process used to create the qualification joint.
A qualification that is obtained using a number of welding processes remains valid only if the order
of application of the processes is the same as during the qualification test.
6.7 Types of joint

Table 2 gives the validity ranges for the types of qualification joint relative to table A.1 of annex A.
Table 2 — Validity range according to qualification joint (heat welding)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group
1B 2B 3B 1A 2A 3A 1P 2P 2P(S)
X • • • • • • • •
X • • • • •
X
• X
• • • • X •
• • • X
NOTE A qualification obtained for X also implies qualification for all the •’s in the same horizontal line,
provided that all the other variables are also the same.
There is no validity range for the joint types given in table A.2 of annex A. Each joint has to be
qualified in its own right.
6.8 Validity in respect of the welding process
6.8.1 Heat-welding processes
6.8.1.1 Heated-tool welding
The qualification obtained is limited to the type of machine, for example, pipe, sheet or profile
welding machines. The qualification is also limited to the hot-plate coating or material (for example,
anti-adhesion coating, aluminium, polished stainless steel, PTFE-glass fibre sheet) used during the
qualification test.
6.8.1.2 Hot-gas extrusion welding
The qualification obtained is limited to the type of extrusion welding machine used during the test
(i.e. automatic or manual).
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6.8.1.3 Hot-gas welding
The qualification obtained is limited to the welding gas used.
6.8.1.4 Heated-tool socket welding
The qualification obtained is limited to the coating or material of the heating elements (for example,
anti-adhesion coating, aluminium, polished stainless steel) used during the test.
6.8.1.5 Electrofusion welding
The qualification is limited to welding carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
6.8.2 Solvent-welding process
6.8.2.1 Solvent-only welding
The qualification obtained is limited to the material and type of joint tested.
6.8.2.2 Solvent-cement welding
The qualification obtained is limited to the material and type of joint, and to the nature of the cement
(i.e. whether low or medium viscosity cement is used).
6.9 Welding position

Welding position is not normally an essential variable, but may become one at the discretion of the
customer.
6.10 Pipe diameter

In terms of a heat-welding procedure specification, pipe diameter is not an essential variable.
However, if so requested by the customer, it can be an essential variable in solvent welding if it
affects some aspects of joint preparation and the minimum joint-setting time.
7 Welding procedure specification qualification report (WPS-QR)

The WPS-QR is a statement of results. It is established for every qualification joint. It shall include
duplicate tests and shall be signed and dated by the inspector. An example of a WPS-QR document
is given in annex C.
8 Summary of approval procedure

8.1 The contractor compiles a P-WPS and submits it to the customer.
8.2 A qualification weld is carried out under conditions as previously described in this standard,
and under the supervision of the inspector.
8.3 The inspector completes a certificate of compliance with the P-WPS (see annex B) and
submits joints for tests.
8.4 Upon satisfactory completion of the tests, the inspector completes the WPS-QR (see annex B).
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8.5 The P-WPS can then be reissued as the final WPS.
9 Qualification file
The contractor retains the qualification file which consists of the following:
– the WPS;
– the certificate of compliance;
– the WPS-QR;
– the report on each of the destructive tests; and
– the test specimens tested.
At the end of the project, the qualification file shall be handed to the customer.
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Annex A
(normative)
Joint types
Table A.1 — Heat-welded joint groups (with filler material)
1 2 3
Fillet Butt
Definition of weld
(Group A) (Group B)
1 Single V joint without
sealing run and without
backing strip
1B
1A
2 Full fusion double V joints
Full fusion single V joint with

permanent or temporary
backing strip
2A 2B
3 Double V joint or fillet joint
with or without full
penetration
3B
3A
1 Branch, flange type weld, Branch
fillet welded without bevel (Group P)
1P
2 Branch, bevelled and 2P Without sealing run 2P(S) With sealing run
penetration-welded
(sit-on)
Branch across bevelled

piece
(sit-in)
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Table A.2 — Heat-welded joint groups (without filler material)
1 2 3
Fillet Butt
Definition of weld
(Group A) (Group B)
Butt
Mitre
Dressed mitre
2 Socket
(Group E)
Heated-tool
socket-welded pipes
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Annex B
(informative)
Examples of welding procedure specifications

and certificates of compliance
B.1 Preliminary welding procedure specification (P-WPS), for heat

welding
Contractor's preliminary welding procedure specification (P-WPS) No. ...........................................
Job reference No. ....................
Material..................................... Commercial designation........................................
Material converter..................... Factory ............................... Batch No. ...................................
Welding process.......................
Applicable standard..................
Preparation diagram Drawing of completed weld
Edge preparation: Mechanical machining/manual machining B solvent cleaning

Cleaning between layers: Scratching/scraping/other.........................................................................
Finishing: Flush cutting of weld ...................... External/Internal .................................................
Checking of runs ............................................
Filler material:
Material........................................................... Dimensions (in mm) .........................................
Origin .............................................................. Batch No. .........................................................
Cleaning: Scraping, solvent...............................................................................................................
Equipment used:
Nozzle (type and dimensions)...........................................................................................................
Extruder:
Reference............................... Make ...................................... No. .........................................
Welding parameters (hot-gas welding):

Gas:
Air/Nitrogen ............................ Flow rate (in L/min) ................ Gas pressure (in kPa).............
Stretching (in %)................................................................................................................................
Welding speed (in mm/min) ..............................................................................................................
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Annex B (continued)
B.1 Preliminary welding procedure specification (P-WPS) for heat

welding (continued)
Heated element:
Type of heated element: (flat/spigot/profile)......................................................................................
Material of heated element................................................................................................................
Actuation method:
Pressure controlled by adjusting spring (lever)
Controlled hydraulic pressure
Automatic, pre-set
Type of machine used:

Make................................................................. Reference No. ...................................................
Equalization pressure (in MPa) ........................
Welding parameters (heated-tool welding):

Temperature controlled at °C .............................
Heating time (min) ..............................................
Heating pressure (MPa) .....................................
Retraction time (s) ..............................................
Welding time (s) .................................................
Jointing (cooling) time (min) ...............................
Welding pressure (MPa).....................................
Welding position (If applicable):.......................
Contractor Date Compiler Compiler's ID number
The format and content of the final WPS is the same as for the P-WPS shown above, together with
any further inclusions required by the customer.
22
SANS 10270:2004
Edition 1.1
Annex B (continued)
B.2 Certificate of compliance with preliminary welding procedure

specification (P-WPS), for heat welding
Contractor's preliminary welding procedure specification (P-WPS) No. ............................................
Job reference No. ...............................................................................................................................
Examiner or inspection authority ........................................................................................................
Inspector's reference No. ...................................................................................................................
Contractor............................................................................................................................................
Address ...............................................................................................................................................
Applicable standard ........................................... Welding date: ......................................................
Name(s) of welding personnel.............................................................................................................
Welder(s) ID No(s)...............................................................................................................................
Validity range of qualification

Base material.......................................................................................................................................
Thickness of base material(s) .............................................................................................................
Preparation angle of bevelled edge.....................................................................................................
Welding process ..................................................................................................................................
Joint type(s) .........................................................................................................................................
Welding gas.........................................................................................................................................
Machine type:
a) Heated-tool (pipes/sheets/profiles ) ................................................................................................
Element coating ..............................................
b) Heated-tool (sockets)......................................................................................................................
Element coating ..............................................
c) Extrusion with/without temperature setting .....................................................................................
Comments ...........................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
I certify that the test joints have been prepared and welded in accordance with the requirements of
the P-WPS indicated above.
Place: .................................................................. Date of issue: ......................................................

Examiner or inspection authority .........................................................................................................
23
SANS 10270:2004
Edition 1.1
Annex B (continued)
B.3 Preliminary welding procedure specification (P-WPS), for solvent

welding
Job reference No. ............................................
Material..................................... Commercial designation....................................
Material converter..................... Factory ................ Batch No. ...............................
Applicable standard ..................
Edge preparation:
Mechanical/manual machining ............................................................................................................
Deburring.............................................................................................................................................
Chamfering (angle and length)............................................................................................................
Cleaning of joint surface:

Wiping..................................................................................................................................................
Mechanical cleaning (state nature) .....................................................................................................
Chemical cleaning (state nature).........................................................................................................
Solvent cement or solvent used:

Nature and polymer concentration ......................................................................................................
or
Trade name and source ......................................................................................................................
Applicator(s):
Nature and size ...................................................................................................................................
Other relevant details ..........................................................................................................................
Welding operation:
a) Application of cement:
Method of application of cement .....................................................................................................
Temperature of cement...................................................................................................................
Temperature of joint........................................................................................................................
Time for completion ........................................................................................................................
b) Assembly of joint:
Method ............................................................................................................................................
Aids (jigs, etc.).................................................................................................................................
Clamping pressure..........................................................................................................................
Time between application of cement and insertion of pipe.............................................................
c) Wipe-off of surplus cement .................................
Contractor Date Compiler Compiler's ID number
The format and content of the final welding procedure specification (WPS) is the same as for the
preliminary welding procedure specification (P-WPS) shown above, together with any further
inclusions required by the customer.
24
SANS 10270:2004
Edition 1.1
Annex B (concluded)
B.4 Certificate of compliance with preliminary welding procedure

specification (P-WPS), for solvent welding
Job reference No. ..................................................
Inspector's reference No. ......................................
Contractor............................................................................................................................................
Address ...............................................................................................................................................
Applicable standard ...................................... Welding date...........................................................
Name(s) of welding personnel.............................................................................................................
Welder's ID No(s) ................................................................................................................................
Validity range of qualification

Base material.......................................................................................................................................
Pipe diameter(s) ..................................................................................................................................
Preparation angle of bevelled edge.....................................................................................................
Welding process ..................................................................................................................................
Joint type(s) .........................................................................................................................................
Dry fit of joint

Satisfactory............................................................
Initially unsatisfactory (requiring part replacement).............................................................................
Fixtures used to support joint while setting .........................................................................................
Comments: ..........................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
I certify that the test joints have been prepared and welded in accordance with the requirements of
the P-WPS indicated above.
Place: .................................................................. Date of issue: ......................................................

25
SANS 10270:2004
Edition 1.1
Annex C
(informative)
Example of welding procedure specification

qualification report (WPS-QR)
Checking, examination and test results:
Heat-welded or solvent-welded joints
Contractor's welding procedure specification (WPS) No. ...................................................................

Job reference No. ...................................................
Inspector:................................................................
Inspector's reference No. ......................................
Visual examination:
Result: Complies/Does not comply ........................
Bending test: (If applicable)

Tensile test:...........................................................
Other tests (specify): ..........................................................................................................................

Examination and test sheets to be attached.
Remarks: . ...........................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
Tests carried out in accordance with...................................................................................................

Name of testing facility ........................................................................................................................
Laboratory report reference No. .............................
The test results Comply...................................... Do not comply..........................
Inspector's name Date Inspector's signature
26
SANS 10270:2004
Edition 1.1
Annex D
(informative)
Bibliography
ASTM D 2855:1996, Standard practice for making solvent-cemented joints with poly(vinyl chloride)
(PVC) pipe and fittings.
ISO 291:1977, Plastics – Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing.
ISO 2818:1994, Plastics – Preparation of test specimens by machining.
SANS 1526:2003, Thermoplastics sheeting for use as a geomembrane.
Plastic piping systems, 1994 Manual. George Fischer Ltd., Schaffhausen. p.1.18.
© SABS
27
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Any reference to SABS 0270 is deemed

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

Welding of thermoplastics — Approval of

Published by SABS Standards Division

DIN (Deutches Institut für Normung e.V.)

Reaffirmed and reprinted in June 2010.

2 Normative references ............................................................................................................. 3

3 Definitions and abbreviations ................................................................................................. 4

5 Qualification joint .................................................................................................................... 8

6 Validity range ......................................................................................................................... 12

7 Welding procedure specification qualification report (WPS-QR) ........................................... 17

8 Summary of approval procedure ........................................................................................... 17

9 Qualification file ...................................................................................................................... 18

A Joint types .............................................................................................................................. 19

B Examples of welding procedure specifications and certificates of compliance ..................... 21

C Example of welding procedure specification qualification report (WPS-QR) ......................... 26

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Welding of thermoplastics — Approval of welding procedures

SANS 10268-2 (SABS 0268-2), Welding of thermoplastics – Welding processes – Part 2:

3 Definitions and abbreviations

NOTE Typical P-WPS formats are shown in annex B.

c Length of sheet side in a branching joint

de1 External diameter of the carrier pipe (main pipe)

de2 External diameter of the branch pipe

e Thickness of the qualification joint

e1 Thickness of the carrier pipe (main pipe)

e2 Thickness of the branch pipe

SAQCC-TPJI South African Qualification and Certification Committee – Thermoplastics Joining

4.2 Equivalence (acceptance) of existing welding procedure approvals

4.3 Supplementary tests

4.4 Communication of preliminary welding procedure specification (P-WPS)

4.5 Identification of qualification joints

4.6 Supervision and record keeping

4.7 Welding materials

4.8 Early termination of test

4.9 Qualification of welding personnel

4.10 Welding processes

1) Fillet joint (group A),

2) Butt joint (group B),

3) Branch (group P),

4) Socket joint (group E), and

5.2 Shape and dimensions of the qualification joint

5.2.2 Butt welding of sheets

Figure 1 — Qualification joint for butt welding of sheets (heat welding)

5.2.3 Butt welding of pipes

The preparation of the joint shall be in accordance with the P-WPS.

Figure 2 — Qualification joint for butt welding of pipes (heated-tool welding)

5.2.4 Fillet welding

Figure 3 — Qualification joint for fillet welding (heat welding)

5.2.5 Branch welding

Figure 4 — Qualification joint for branches (heat welding)

5.2.6 Socket joints

Figure 5(a) — Qualification joint for socket joints (heated-tool welding)

Figure 5(b) — Qualification joint for socket joints (solvent welding)

5.2.7 Electrofusion welding

Figure 6 — Qualification joint for electrofusion welding

5.3 Welding positions

5.4 Extent of examinations and tests

5.5 Test specimens

6.1.1 Essential variables for heat welding

The following essential variables are applicable to all heat welding: