GEOGRAPHY

&
HISTORY

1º DE E.S.O

IES FERNANDO III

CENTRO BILINGÜE
 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY

UNIT 2: THE RELIEF OF THE EARTH´S SURFACE

UNIT 2: THE RELIEF OF THE EARTH´S SURFACE

OUTLINE ASPECTOS LINGÜÍSTICOS VOCABULARY

1 - CONTINENTS AND OCEANS  EL VERBO”SER”  AREA

 DEFINITIONS  EL VERBO “HABER”  CONTINENT
 ACTIVITIES  DANGEROUS
 EARTHQUAKE
2- LANDFORMS ON THE CONTINENTS PHONETICS  FLAT
 MOUNTAINS  GLACIER
 PLAINS  THE SOUND :/ h /  HIGHLAND
 PLATEAUS /ə / /eə/  LAKE
 VALLEYS  LAND
 ACTIVITIES  MOUNTAIN
3 – CONTINENTAL WATERS  OCEAN
 PLAIN
 RIVER  PLATEAU
 GLACIER  RELIEF
 LAKE  RIVER
 ACTIVITIES  VALLEY
4 – VOLCANOS AND EARTHQUAKES  VOLCANO
 DEFINITIONS
 ACTIVITIES
5 - VOCABULARY

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I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE A.N.L.: GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY

UNIT 2: THE RELIEF OF THE EARTH´S SURFACE

1 – CONTINENTS AND OCEANS

 Definitions

- Continents. About 30% of the Earth´s surface is land. The biggest landmasses are called
continents. The seven continental landmasses are ASIA, AMERICA (North America and
South America), AFRICA, ANTARCTICA, AUSTRALIA (Oceania) and EUROPE.

- Oceans. Most of the Earth's surface (70%) is covered with water. This includes oceans, seas,
rivers, and lakes. The five oceans are the ATLANTIC OCEAN, the ARCTIC OCEAN, the
INDIAN OCEAN, the PACIFIC OCEAN, and the ANTARCTIC OCEAN. Seas are smaller
than oceans.

 Activities:
- Answer these questions.
- What percentage of the Earth´s surface is land?
- What are the names of the continents?
- What percentage of the Earth´s surface is water?
- What are the names of the oceans?
- Write the names of the continents with its corresponding number:

1:

2 6 4 2:
3:
1 4:
7 3 5:
6:

5 7:

- Write the names of the oceans with its corresponding number:

3
1:
2:
4 1 3:
1 2 4:
5:
5

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I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE A.N.L.: GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY

UNIT 2: THE RELIEF OF THE EARTH´S SURFACE

2 – LANDFORMS ON THE CONTINENTS

The surface of the Earth is not uniform or smooth, but is made up of many different formations. The relief of
the Earth’s surface is the variety of landforms and altitudes we can observe on land.

Different types of landforms:

 Mountains: Mountains rise high above the terrain. They are made of rocks and earth. A
mountain range is a long chain or group of mountains.

 Plains: Plains are big areas of flat land.

 Plateaus: A plateau is a highland. It is a large, flat area of land that rises above the
surrounding area.

 Valleys: A valley is a lowland, usually found between mountains.

ACTIVITIES:

- Circle the correct answers and fill in the blank spaces.

- Montains rise (high / low) above the surrounding area. They are made of ………….. and
…………….. A ……………………. …………………… is a chain or group of mountains.
- Plains are (big / small) areas of ……………. land
- A plateau is (highland / lowland). It rises (above / below) the surrounding area.
- A …………………..is a lowland, usually found between ………………………

- What landforms do arrows point to?:

Image from: http://www.middletownschools.org/.../landforms.jpg

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I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE A.N.L.: GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY

UNIT 2: THE RELIEF OF THE EARTH´S SURFACE

3 – CONTINENTAL WATERS

 River
- A river is a stream of water that flows towards an ocean, a lake, or another river. Water
within a river usually comes from precipitation (rain and snow), or from melting snow or ice.

 Glacier
- A glacier is a large, slow-moving mass of ice, formed from compacted layers of snow.

 Lake
- A lake is a body of water that is surrounded by land on all sides. It can have fresh or salt
water. Some large saline lakes are called “inland seas.”

 Activities:
- Write the name of the continental water that corresponds to the definitions:
- It’s a slow-moving mass of ice………………………
- It´s surrounded by land………………………..
- It flows toward an ocean, a lake or another stream…………………..
- Some are called inland seas….……………………..
- Its water is usually from precipitacion………..…………………

- Which of these images is a lake? a river? a glacier?

- Colour these diagrams with coloured pencils. Use the colours you think are correct.
Image from: http://www.kalipedia.com/kalipediamedia/cienciasnaturales/media/200704/17/tierrayuniverso/20070417klpcnatun_45.Ges.SCO.png

Images from: http://www.dkimages.com

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I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE A.N.L.: GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY

UNIT 2: THE RELIEF OF THE EARTH´S SURFACE

4 – Volcanos and Earthquakes

 Definition

- Volcanoes. A volcano is an opening on a planet's surface.

Hot molten rock (lava), gases, fire, smoke and ashes from
inside the planet erupt through volcanoes to the surface.

- Earthquakes. An earthquake is a tremor of the Earth’s

crust. It’s the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's
crust. They create seismic waves.
Note: Volcanoes and earthquakes are very
dangerous and cause death and a lot of
property damage!

 Activities:

- Draw a volcano with coloured pencils. How can you represent ash, fire, and smoke?
- Answer these questions about earthquakes. Research the answers in the encyclopaedia or on the
internet:
- Which is the instrument that measures and records earthquakes?
- What is the name of the famous scale that measures earthquakes?
- What is the name of the big waves that earthquakes can cause?
- Where did the great earthquake in 2004 happen?

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I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE A.N.L.: GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY
 GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY

UNIT 2: THE RELIEF OF THE EARTH´S SURFACE

5 – VOCABULARY

ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION SPANISH

Above adverbio /ə'bʌv/ Sobre
Area sust. /'eriə / Área
Between preposición /bɪ'twi:n/ Entre
Continent sust. /'kɑ:ntn̩ənt / Continente
Covered participio /'kʌvərd / Cubierta
Dangerous adjetivo /'deɪndʒərəs/ Peligroso
Earthquake sust. /ɜ:rθ kweɪk/ Terremoto
Erupt verbo /ɪ'rʌpt/ Entrar en erupción
Flat adj. /flæt/ Plano
Flows verbo /'fləʊz/ Fluir; Que fluye
Gas sust. /gæs/ Gas
Glacier sust. /'gleɪʃər / Glaciar
Highlands sust. /'haɪlənd/ Tierras altas
Inland adjetivo /'ɪnlənd/ Interior
Land sust. /lænd/ Tierra
Landform sust. /lænd fɔ :rm / Formas de relieve
Landmass sust. /lænd/ /mæs/ Masa continental
Lake sust. /leɪk/ Lago
Lava sust. /'lɑ:və/ Lava
Lowlands sust. /'ləʊlənd/ Tierras bajas
Mountain sust. /'maʊntn̩ / Montaña
Mountain Range sust. /'maʊntn̩ / Cordillera
Ocean sust. /'əʊʃən/ Océano
Plain sust. /pleɪn/ Llanura
Plateau sust. /plæ'təʊ / Meseta
Relief sust. /rɪ'li:f/ Relieve
River sust. /'rɪvər / Río
Sea sust. /si:/ Mar
Smoke sust. /sməʊk/ Humo
Stream sust. /stri:m/ Corriente
Surface sust. /'sɜ:rfəs / Superficie
Terrain sust. /te'reɪn/ Terreno
To Release verbo /rɪ'li:s/ Emitir
To Rise verbo /raɪz/ Elevarse
Valley sust. /'væli/ Valle
Volcano sust. /vɑ:l'keɪnəʊ / Volcán
Water sust. /'wɔ:tər / Agua

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I.E.S. FERNANDO III EL SANTO / PROYECTO BILINGÜE A.N.L.: GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY