Practicum Report

on
Substation operation and maintenance of (33/11
kv)substation Narsingdi Palli Biddyut Samity-2

Student’s Name: Md. Nahidul Islam Naim

ID: 13105044

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

IUBAT–International University of Business Agriculture and Technology
 Substation operation and maintenance of Narsingdi
Palli Biddyut Samity-2

Name: Md. Nahidul Islam Naim

ID: 13105044
Program: BSEEE

................................ ……………………… ………………………

Dr. Bishwajit Saha Dr. Bishwajit Saha Dr. Md. Shariful Islam
Supervisor Coordinator Chairperson

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

IUBAT–International University of Business Agriculture and Technology

 Letter of Transmittal

19thDecember, 2019
Dr. Bishwajit Saha
Professor and Coordinator
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
IUBAT ̶ International University of Business Agriculture and Technology
4 Embankment Drive Road, Sector-10, Uttara Model Town
Uttara, Dhaka-1230

Subject: Letter of Transmittal of the Practicum Report

Dear Sir,

It is a great pleasure for me to submit the practicum report onSubstation operation and
maintenance of Narsingdi Palli Biddyut Samity-2. According to your requirement, I
have worked on the sector of distribution of power in Narsingdi Palli Biddyut Samity-
2. It was a challenging work because REB is a giant electrical supplier in our country.
I learnt about the distribution substation. Specially, I was trained in switchgear, CT,
PT relay and power transformer.
I express my gratitude to you to go through this report and make your valuable
comments.

Yours sincerely

---------------------

Md. Nahidul Islam Naim

ID# 13105044
Program: BSEEE
Internship Certificate
 Student Declaration
I am Md. Nahidul Islam Naim ID# 13105044, a student of the department of electrical
and electronic engineering would like to declare that, this practicum report on “Study
on operation and maintenance at Narsingdi Pally Biddyut Samity-2” is prepared from
my practical knowledge after completion of three months’ work in Narsingdi Palli
Biddyut Samity-2.
I also confirm that the report is only prepared to fulfill the academic requirement and
not for any other purposes.

Yours sincerely

---------------------
Md. Nahidul Islam Naim
ID# 13105044
Program: BSEEE
 Executive Summary
As technology is advancing the consumptions of power is steadily rising. There are
three steps for proper electrification. These are:
1. Electric Power generation.
2. Electric Power Transmission.
3. Electric Power Distribution
This report is defining the operation and maintenance at Narsingdi Pally Biddyut
Samity-2. This report Elaborately discusses about the operation and their maintenance
that are used in Narsingdi PBS-2. At Narsingdi Pally Biddyut Samity-2 I have
learned how to transformer convert high voltage to low voltage, low voltage to high
and also, I learned about how to test transformer. Then I learned about how to power
transformer works in substation and in Narsingdi pally Biddyut Samity-2 they have
two 3 phase transformers and one single phase transformer and this power
transformer convert 33kV to 11kV. Here I learned about automatic voltage regulator
(AVR) range upto ±10% from the AVR 11kV line pass to bus bar and bas bar send it
to feeders and from the feeders’ line it passes to current transformer and potential
transformer. I have collected practical knowledges about isolator, circuit breaker, air
breaker switch, automatic voltage regulator, auto circuit recloser, maintenance and
workshop etc. From my academic courses I learnt about these things theoretically,
which I saw and learned practically in my internship period. This report is prepared in
according to the operation and maintenance procedure of 33/11KV Sub-Station,
including emergency maintenance work.
 Acknowledgement

In the process of doing and preparing my practicum report, I would like to pay my
gratitude and respect to some persons for their vast co-operation. First of all, I am
very much grateful to Dr. Bishwajit Saha, professor and coordinator of department of
electrical and electronic engineering who gave me the opportunity to do the
report.Also, I would like to give thanks to my practicum supervisor Dr. Bishwajit
Saha, professor and coordinator, who helps me to do my report properly.

After that I would like to express my special gratitude Md. Eusuf, general manager of
Narsingdy Palli Biddyut Samity-2, who helped me a lot by his brilliant guidelines to
make this report, without which it was not possible to conduct it. I would also like to
thank all the faculty members of IUBAT and for their critical advice and guidance.

Finally, I would like to pay my special gratitude to the respected Vice-Chancellor of

IUBAT Prof Dr Alimullah Miyan because he designed such a location for leaning
through which I got the opportunity to gain knowledge under BSEEE.
 Table of Contents

Substation operation and maintenance of Narsingdi Palli Biddyut Samity-2.................i

Substation operation and maintenance...........................................................................ii
Letter of Transmittal.....................................................................................................iii
Internship Certificate......................................................................................................4
Student Declaration........................................................................................................5
Executive Summary.......................................................................................................6
Acknowledgement..........................................................................................................7
Chapter 1......................................................................................................................12
Introduction..................................................................................................................12
1.1 Origin of the report.................................................................................................12
1.2 Objectives...............................................................................................................12
1.3 Background of the Study........................................................................................12
1.4 Methodology..........................................................................................................12
1.5 Limitations.............................................................................................................13
2.1 Introduction............................................................................................................14
2.2 Company Profile....................................................................................................14
2.3 Mission...................................................................................................................14
2.4 Vision.....................................................................................................................14
2.5 Activities of Narsingdi Palli Bidyut Samity-2.......................................................14
Organogram of NPBS-2...............................................................................................15
2.6 Narsingdi PBS-2.....................................................................................................17
2.7 Future plans............................................................................................................18
3.1 Sub-stations............................................................................................................19
3.2 Operation of NPBS-2.............................................................................................20
3.3 Equipment of Chowala-1 33/11KV Substation......................................................20
3.4 Peak and Off peak Operation of NPBS-2..............................................................37
Chapter 4......................................................................................................................43
Sub-station Maintenance..............................................................................................43
4.1 Introduction............................................................................................................43
4.1.1 Maintenance of substation..................................................................................43
4.2 Emergency Maintenance........................................................................................47
4.3 Maintenance of transformer...................................................................................47
4.4 Process of maintenance..........................................................................................47
4.5 Maintenance of Line..............................................................................................47
4.6 Maintenance of equipments...................................................................................48
4.6.1 Maintenance of SF6 circuit breaker....................................................................48
4.7 Transformer test.....................................................................................................49
4.8 Meter Tests.............................................................................................................53
Chapter 5.....................................................................................................................55
Supplementary Part......................................................................................................55
5.1 Conclusion..............................................................................................................55
5.2 Recommendations..................................................................................................55
References…………………………………………………………………………....5
6

Abbreviation………………………………………………………………………….58
 List of Figures

Figure 2.1:Organogram of Narsingdi Polli Biddut Samity-2.......................................16

Figure 2.2:First visit to NPBS-2...................................................................................19
YFigure 3. 1: Bus-bars at Chowala-1...........................................................................22
Figure 3. 2: Different types of ABS.............................................................................23
Figure 3. 3: Lightning arresters of Chowala-1.............................................................24
Figure 3. 4: Pin Type Insulators of Substation Chowala-1..........................................24
Figure 3. 5: Suspension type........................................................................................25
Figure 3. 6: Strain type insulator at Chowala-1...........................................................26
Figure 3. 7: Shackle type insulator at Chowala-1........................................................26
Figure 3. 8: Isolator in use at Chowala-1.....................................................................27
Figure 3. 9: C.T. and P.T. in use at Chowala-1............................................................27
Figure 3. 10: Current transformers in Chowala-1........................................................28
Figure 3. 11: P.T. at Chowala-1...................................................................................29
Figure 3. 12: ACR in use at Chowala-1.......................................................................31
Figure 3. 13: Power transformer (3-phase) at Chowala-1............................................32
Figure 3. 14: AVR in use at Chowala-1.......................................................................34
Figure 3. 15: Fuse.........................................................................................................36
Figure 3. 16: Metallic Fence in Chowala-1..................................................................36
Figure 3. 17: Feeder.....................................................................................................37
Figure 3. 18: Metering device......................................................................................37
YFigure 4. 1: Transformer Ratio Test Connection......................................................51
Figure 4. 2: Connection of Continuity Test.................................................................52
Figure 4. 3: No Load Test............................................................................................53
Figure 4. 4: Full Load Test...........................................................................................54
 List of Tables

Contents………………………………………………………………………..…..Page

YTable 2. 1: BREB at a glance....................................................................................17

YTable 3. 1: Number of disc insulators used in strain insulator string........................26

Table 3. 2: Ratings of CT of Substation Chowala-1....................................................29
Table 3. 3: Ratings of PT of Substation Madhabdi-1...................................................30
Table 3. 4: Ratings of Auto Circuit Recloser of Substation Chowala-1......................31
Table 3. 5: Ratings of Power Transformer of Substation Chowala-1..........................33
Table 3. 6: Ratings of Auto Voltage Regulator of Substation Chowala-1...................35
Table 3. 7: Peak and off peak data of Substation Chowala-1(25,August 2019)..........38
Table 3.8: Peak and off peak data of Substation Chowala-1(26,August 2019)………………… 39
Table 3.9: Peak and off peak data of Substation Chowala-1(27,August 2019)………………… 40

YTable 4. 1: Data of Transformer Ratio Test..............................................................51

Table 4. 2: Data of Continuity Test..............................................................................52
Table 4. 3: Data of No Load Test.................................................................................53
Table 4. 4: Data of Full Load Test...............................................................................54

List of Graph

Contents………………………………………………………………………..…..Page

Graph 3.1: Peak and off peak bar chart of Substation Chowala-1(25,August 2019)
……………………………………………………………………………….41

Graph 3.2: Peak and off peak bar chart of Substation Chowala-1(26,August 2019)
……………………………………………………………………………….42

Graph 3.3: Peak and off peak bar chart of Substation Chowala-1(27,August 2019)
……………………………………………………………………………….43
 Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Origin of the report
This report on topic name is “Operation and Maintenance of Narsingdi Palli Biddyut
Samity-2” is prepared by Md. Nahidul Islam Naim for the Bachelor of Science in
Electrical & Electronics Engineering program at the department of Electrical &
Electronics Engineering, under IUBAT-International University of Business
Agriculture and Technology as an integral part of the internship. He has done this
practicum report based on power distribution, operation and maintenance at Narsingdi
Palli Biddyut Samity-2 under the instruction of (AGM) Md. Lutfor Rahman, Junior
Engineer (Technical) in Narsingdi Palli Biddyut Samity-2.

1.2 Objectives
The main objective of this report is to fulfill the academic requirements of EEN-490
course of the undergraduate program of International University of Business
Agriculture and Technology. Some other objectives are:

 To apply my theoretical knowledge in practical.

 To get practical knowledge about substation.
 To know about the operation and maintenance of 33/11 KV substation.
 To get practical idea about electrical machines and equipments.

1.3 Background of the Study

I have studied about 4 years at IUBAT – International University of Business
Agriculture and Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering. I
have learned theoretical about my subject. So I have verified my knowledge in the
practical life to see the Similarities.

1.4 Methodology
The paper was checked by the authorized person of the Narsingdi Palli Biddyut
Samity-2 during preparation. The data was chosen accurately throughout the entire
period of the session. Although there were several sources but some of them are
mentioned here as the references. The information of this report has been collected
from the following sources:

 Construction Operation and Maintenance Department.

 Member Service Department.
  General Service Department.
 Engineering Department.

1.5 Limitations
During practicum inNarsingdi Palli Biddyut Samity-2, a huge amount of information
has been accumulated from the company. The employees were very much
cooperative. They helped me a lot, thus it was very much easy to understand most of
the technical terms. But as it is a commercial organization, sometimes the employees
were busy with their official work. Therefore at all time it was not convenient to
communicate with them because of their hard work. Yet they tried to help me as much
as possible by them.
 Chapter 2

Company Overview

2.1 Introduction
Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) is the mother association in electric
power division. BPDB manage all organization in electric power sector. There are a
few organizations in electric power generation and distribution sector however in
transmission sector Power Grid Company of Bangladesh Ltd (PGCB) is the main
company in Bangladesh and Rural Electrification Board (REB) including Palli
Biddyut Samity (PBS) is one of the biggest distributer around this country.

2.2 Company Profile

Since its inception in 1986, Narsingdi Palli Biddyut Samity-2 is playing a vital
role in Agricultural, Industrial and Socio-Economic Development of Narsingdi
District. The Rural Electrification Program conducted by Narsingdi Palli
Biddyut Samity-2 has acted a leap-forward in the development of socio-
economic structure of rural areas in Narsingdi District as well as entire
Bangladesh. It has significant and sustained impact on agricultural growth,
industrialization and business & commercial activities in the rural areas. It is a
consumer owned entity organized on the basic principles of Co-operative for
distribution of electric power to its members and operates on No Loss - No
Profit basis for the mutual benefits of all its members[1].

2.3 Mission
Their mission is to provide electricity for all by the year 2020. There new slogan for
this mission is, “Sheikh Hasina's initiative, electricity in every house”.

2.4 Vision
Quality and uninterruptible power supply.
2.5 Activities of Narsingdi Palli Biddyut Samity-2
Every Forth month later in different area they arrange a meeting for awareness of use
of electricity. How they save the electricity. How reduce the load shedding. They not
only arrange the meeting for electricity but also they call the meeting in different
social work.Narsingdi Palli Biddyut Samity-2 is situated in Choyala, Norsingdi. It is
Organogram of NPBS-2

Figure 2.: Organogram of Narsingdi Palli Biddut Samity-2

2.5.2 Narsingdi PBS-2 at a glance

Table 2.: BREB at a glance

Sl. Headline Value

1 Date of Registration 14-04-1990

2 Contract With BREB 14-04-1990

3 Date of Electrification 14-04-1990

08.

Norsingdi
4 Included Upazila shador,Shibpur,Monohordi,Belab,Raipura,
Voirob the district of
Kisorgonj,Kuliarchor,Bajitpur.

5 Area of PBS 1347 Square KM

6 Population 0.582 million

7 No. of Union 87

8 No. of Municipality 07

9 No. of Village 1110

10 Area Director (Male) 10

11 Area Director (Female) 03

12 No. of Employee 285

13 No. of Electrified Village 1110

06(Zonal
14 Zonal Office shador,Shibpur,Monohordi,Morjal,Raipura,
Kuliarchor.)

15 Complain Center 17
16 Substation Capacity 110 MVA

17 Connected Consumer 5,30,000

16.10 ( Till August 2019)

18 System Loss
15.23 (YTD)

19 Peak Demand 114 MW

20 Highest Electricity Supply 114 MW

21 Constructed Electric Line 2059 KM

22 Electrified Line 2059 KM

87.35% (Till August 2019)

23 Bill Collection
72.91% (YTD)

24 ISO Certificate Achieved 15/06/2015

2.6 Narsingdi PBS-2

After I applied on BREB for internship at the head office, they accepted my
application and placed my internship at Narsingdi PBS-2, which covers a vastly
progressive area of Narsingdi (Chowala). The PBS has been paving the development
of this area since October 1990, when it started its journey and afterwards continued
to with their high quality and professional service. The rural structures under the
Narsingdi PBS-2 has been flouring hardly be recognized as a rural structure. Hence,
Narsingdi PBS-2 has been a total success in terms of Agricultural, Industrial and
Socio-Economic Development
 Figure 2.1:First visit to NPBS-2

Narsingdi PBS-2 has some substation which helps to distribute the power to the
consumers. We visit Chowala -1 33/11KV(35MVA) substation. It was situated at 14-
04-1990. It has 4 sections. In first time it has single line sections. After sometime its
demands was increased. Then the substation size was increased.

2.7 Future plans

There are about 80 PBS by now which are working autonomously under BREB and
Narsingdi Palli Biddyut Samity-1 is one of the busiest and most profitable
organizations amongst them. Fortunate for the organization, It is situated in an
industrial area. Which means their demand will always be increasing and so will be
their revenues. But, while all the industries make their demand for more power, added
with the power demand from the population that joins the industrial area for
livelihood, the pressure on the substation increases. The pressures also ask the
substation to maintain better efficiency, occupy lesser area and get modernized for
quality service. To meet this requirements, Narsingdi PBS-1 is installing indoor
substation and has plans for converting all their outdoor substations into indoor/semi
indoor substations. They are also using modern equipment in their substations. They
also have started to adapt the latest technologies in their system like GIS.
 Chapter-03

Sub-station operation

3.1 Sub-stations
The majority of the sub-stations in the power system are concerned with the changing
of voltage level of electric supply. These are known as transformer sub-stations
because transformer is the main component employed to change the voltage level.
Depending upon the purpose served, transformer sub-stations may be classified into –

1) Step-up sub-station

2) Grid sub-station

3) Secondary sub-station

4) Distribution sub-station

3.1.1 Step-up Substation

Step-up substation is being situated at end of the generator side.

3.1.2 Grid Substation

From the step-up substation, electric power at 400KV, 220KV or 132KV etc. is
transmitted by 3-phase. 3 wire overhead system to the outskirts of the city. Here
electric power is received by the primary grid substation which reduces the voltage
level to 66KVor 33 KV or any another type for secondary transmission. Generally
grid substation is of outdoor type.

3.1.3 Secondary Substation

From the grid substation, electric power is transmitted at 66 KV or 33 KV or another

type by 3-phase, 3-wire system to various secondary substations located at the
strategic points in the city. At a secondary substation the voltage is further stepped
down to 11 KV. The 11 KV lines run along the important road sides of the city. It
may be noted that big consumers are generally supplied power at 11 KV for further
handling with their own substations. The secondary type substations are also called
outdoor type substations.
3.1.4 Distribution Substation

The electric power from 11 KV lines is delivered to distribution substations. These

substations are located near the consumer’s localities and to 400V or 230V. 3 phase or
4 wire for supplying to the consumers. The voltage between any two phases is 400V
and the voltage between any phase and neutral is 230V.

3.2 Operation of NPBS-2

Chowala-1 substation is situated at the Narsingdi PBS-2 and it is also my practicum
work field. This substation started functioning at 14th April 1990. Here I’ve spent
three months and learnt a lot about substations from the superiors. Below is a brief
profile of the substation:

 It is a primary distribution substation.

 It is an outdoor substation.
 Its capacity is 35 MVA. Last upgraded at 26th October, 2013.
 It has four units of power transformers. Three 3-phase transformers and 1
single-phase transformer unit.
 6 feeders. Currently, there are 4 feeders going out from the substation.
It is important to know about the equipment and machineries used in the substation to
understand its operation. In the next sections, machineries and equipment of Chowala-
1 will be discussed.

3.3 Equipment of Chowala-1 33/11KV Substation

The general machineries and equipment used in Chowala-1 substation are:

 Bus-bars.
 Air break switch.
 Lightning arrester.
 Insulators.
 Isolators.
 Instrument transformers.
 Automatic circuit recloser (ACR).
 Power transformers.
 Automatic voltage regulator.
 Power Fuses.
  Metallic fence.

 Feeder

 Metering

3.3.1 Bus-bars

Generally, bus-bars are seen on the incoming and outgoing lines of a substation that
operate at the same voltage. For Chowala-1 substation, bus-bars are inserted for 11
kV outgoing lines.

Bus-bars are generally made of copper or aluminum conductor bars (generally of

rectangular x-section) and operate at constant voltage. The most commonly used bus-
bar arrangements in substations are:

● Single bus-bar arrangement.

● Single bus-bar system with sectionalization.
● Double bus-bar arrangement [2].