CVE20003

DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES

Reinforced Concrete Design

Project:
Milestone 1: Location of columns and
Beams
Wong Kien Kuok
 CONTENTS

• Milestone 1 - Tasks
• How to start?
• Name the structural elements
• Determine 1-way or 2-way slab
• Marking Criteria

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 MILESTONE 1 - TASKS
1. Beams, columns and slabs shall be located and
marked clearly on the architectural plans. As rule of
thumbs, beam shall be provided below all partitions,
and columns shall be provided for all angles. Color
pencils shall be used to differentiate types of the
members.
2. All beams, columns, stiffeners and slabs shall be
labeled appropriately, eg., GB1, GB1a; C1, C2; S1,
S2; L1, L2.
3. Differentiate between continuous columns from
discontinuous columns.
4. Differentiate between 1-way slabs and 2-way slabs.
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 STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

Longitudinal & cross Sections of structural

elements

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STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

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 DEFINITIONS OF STRUCTURAL
ELEMENTS
• BEAMS
Horizontal members carrying lateral load, and normally act as
support to the slabs.
• COLUMNS
Vertical members carrying primarily axial load but generally
subjected to axial load and moment. Loading will be transferred
through column to a foundation.
• STIFFENER
Vertical members carrying primarily axial load and generally
transferring load from upper level and imposed a point load to the
beam / slab below.
• SLABS
Horizontal plate elements carrying lateral load.
• BASES, FOUNDATIONS AND FOOTINGS
Pads or strips supported directly on the ground that spread the
loads from columns or walls so that they can be supported by the
ground without excessive settlement. Alternatively the bases may
be supported on piles.
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 BEAM & COLUMN LOCATIONS
1. As rule of thumb, beam shall be introduced
for the locations with (i) brickwall partitions,
or (ii) big area slab. Use a solid straight line
to denote the location of beam
2. Column shall be included at (i) corners, (ii)
in between a long beam. Use a rectangular
box “” to denote column on plan. For
columns / stiffeners to be extended
continuously to upper level, fully color the
column sign “”. On the other hand, mark
“” for the column / stiffener on plan to
show “”, depicting that the column stops or
discontinues at that level, and it is not to be
extended to upper level.
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 BEAM & COLUMN LOCATIONS
3. All slabs shall be indicated 1-way,
or 2-way slabs .

In long narrow slabs where the length (ly) is

greater than twice the breadth (lx), i.e., ly/lx
>2, the loads are effectively transferred in
one way, it is a 1-way slab. Else if ly/lx < 2, it
is 2-way slab, in which the loads are
transferred in two directions.

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 BEAM & COLUMN LOCATIONS
Part of ground floor plan

Use different Column is extended

5920

color pencils downward only from

to mark this level
beams,
columns, 6470
  
stiffeners and
etc. on plan.
4630

5370 2200

ly/lx = 4630/2200 =2.10 (1-way).

ly/lx = 5370/4630 ly/lx = 6470/2960
=1.16 (2-way) shall be marked to show the direction of the
=2.19 (1-way)
load to be transferred.
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 NAME THE STRUCTURAL
ELEMENTS
• It is suggested to name the beams and columns
from bottom to top and from left to right.
• Use the following abbreviation for beams and
columns
 RB – Roof beam
 TB – Third floor beam
 SB – Second floor beam
 FB – First floor beam
 GB – Ground floor beam
 C – Column
 S – Stiffener
 L – Slab
 Same name shall be used for the stiffener or
column which is located at the same grid.

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 NAME THE STRUCTURAL
ELEMENTS

GB11B
GB5B

GB13
GB10
GB7
GB4C
GB4 GB4A GB4B
C11 C12 C13 C14
L9 L10 L11
GB3 GB3A GB3B GB3C

GB11A

GB14
GB5A

GB8
L6 L7 L8
GB2 C7GB2A C8 GB2B GB2C C10 GB2D
  
C6 S1 C9 S2

GB11

GB12
GB9
GB5

GB6

L1 L2 L3 L4 L5
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
GB1 GB1A GB1B GB1C GB1D
Part of ground floor plan
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 REMINDER
• Go around your house, shoplot,
construction site to appreciate each
structural part of the buildings.
• Due Date / Time: 5 September 2016
(Monday) / 08:30am @ B004
• Submit to E202 with self-evaluation form
and assignment cover sheet with detailed
description of each member’s
contribution and signature
• Leave self-evaluation form as loose sheet
(DO NOT STAPLE with the submission)

Thank You CVE20003_16S2_W01P1.M01 - 12