A Biblical Orientation Paradigm

Instead of differentiating between opposite-sex desires and same-sex desires,

let’s use the biblical categories of good desires and sinful desires. Good
sexual desires are those whose end is biblical marriage. Sinful sexual desires
are those whose end is outside the context of biblical marriage.
Is there an existing biblical concept to address a capacity or
predisposition for enduring, unchosen sinful desires? I believe there is. It’s
called a sinful nature—in other words, a sinful orientation.
Some English translations of the New Testament render the Greek word
sarx as “sinful nature,” while others render it literally as “flesh.” Sarx is an
important and particular concept in Paul’s theology. Pauline expert Douglas
Moo explains that especially in Paul’s writings (such as in Romans and
Galatians) the meaning of sarx is “the limitations of the human condition that
have been imposed by sin.”7
In Galatians 5:16–17, Paul explains how the flesh fights against the
Spirit and the Spirit fights against the flesh. This dichotomous tension doesn’t
suggest that we have split natures inside us warring against each other; rather,
sarx refers to the whole person marked by the rebellion—the “corruptibility
and mortality”—of this present evil age.8
This reflects the redemptive-historical reality between the old self,
characterized by the flesh, and the new self, characterized by the Holy Spirit
of God. This tension between flesh and Spirit is evidence of the overlap
between the present evil age and the coming age. The flesh represents this
wicked era and our position under the dominion of sin and death. The Spirit
represents the coming age and our freedom from the power of sin and the
law.9 In this overlap, aspects of both ages are present together.
The reality is that “the present evil age” (Galatians 1:4) has not passed
away and the implications of sin and the “old man” linger. As redeemed
believers, though we’re being renewed and transformed day by day, we live
nonetheless with the vestiges of our old self and with our distorted post-Fall
image. This is why we must be vigilant in the midst of temptations. Unlike
12. France, Gospel of Mark, 387.
13. David P. Gushee, Changing Our Mind: A Call from America’s Leading
Evangelical Ethics Scholar for Full Acceptance of LGBT Christians in
the Church (Canton, MI: Read the Spirit Books, 2014), 83–85.
14. Isaiah 54:5; 61:10; 62:5; Jeremiah 3:20; Hosea 2:16.
15. Greg Beale and Ben Gladd have an excellent work on the biblical
theology of mystery. Their explanation of Ephesians 5 is highly
commendable. I would only slightly differ in that, in Ephesians 5:32,
Paul is emphasizing not only continuity but also discontinuity by
keeping Israel, the bride of Yahweh, and the church, the bride of Christ,
distinct. This is consistent with Ephesians 2:11–21, when Paul says they
are “one” but still refers to them as distinctly “both.” G. K. Beale and
Benjamin L. Gladd, Hidden but Now Revealed: A Biblical Theology of
Mystery (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2014), 173–83.
16. Beale and Gladd, Hidden but Now Revealed, 181.
17. John Piper, This Momentary Marriage: A Parable of Permanence
(Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2009), 52.
Chapter 12: Singleness

1. Dennis P. Hollinger, The Meaning of Sex: Christian Ethics and the

Moral Life (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2009), 15.
2. The Westminster Divines, The Shorter Catechism with Scripture Proofs
(Carlisle: Banner of Truth Trust, 1998), 3. Originally published in 1648.
3. United States Census Bureau, “Marital Status of People 15 Years and
Over, by Age, Sex, and Personal Earnings: 2016,” www.census.gov/
data/tables/2016/demo/families/cps-2016.html.
4. Mark Driscoll, Religion Saves: And Nine Other Misconceptions
(Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2009), 186.
5. Harvey McArthur, “Celibacy in Judaism at the Time of Christian
Beginnings,” Andrews University Seminary Studies 25, no. 2 (Summer
1987): 163.
6. J. R. Soza, “Jeremiah,” in New Dictionary of Biblical Theology:
Exploring the Unity & Diversity of Scripture, ed. T. Desmond
Alexander et al. (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2000), 224.
7. J. A. Thompson, The Book of Jeremiah (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans,
1980), 403.
8. Barry Danylak, Redeeming Singleness: How the Storyline of Scripture
Affirms the Single Life (Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2010), 71. I owe much
to Danylak’s extraordinary resources on a biblical theology of
singleness.
9. Danylak, Redeeming Singleness, 69.
10. Danylak, Redeeming Singleness, 108.
11. Danylak, Redeeming Singleness, 126; Barry Danylak, A Biblical
Theology of Singleness (Cambridge: Grove, 2007), 26.
12. Danylak, Biblical Theology of Singleness, 26, 166.
13. Danylak, Biblical Theology of Singleness, 3.
Chapter 13: More on Singleness

1. Mishnah, Avot 5.21; Babylonian Talmud, Qiddushin 29b.

2. Babylonian Talmud, Yebamot 63b.
3. D. A. Carson, Walter W. Wessel, and Walter L. Liefeld, Matthew, in
The Expositor’s Bible Commentary 8, ed. Frank E. Gaebelein (Grand
Rapids: Zondervan, 1984), 419.
4. Barry Danylak, Redeeming Singleness: How the Storyline of Scripture
Affirms the Single Life (Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2010), 152.
5. Moisés Silva, ed., The New International Dictionary of New Testament
Theology and Exegesis, 2nd ed. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2014),
2:327.
6. Danylak, Redeeming Singleness, 157.
7. John Nolland, The Gospel of Matthew: A Commentary on the Greek
Text (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2005), 776n40.
8. Carson et al., Matthew, 419; R. T. France, The Gospel of Matthew
(Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2007), 723; Craig L. Blomberg, Matthew
(Nashville: Broadman, 1992), 294.
9. Compare nearly identical phrases in Matthew 11:15 and 13:43.
10. Also see Jeremiah 5:21 and Ezekiel 12:2.
11. Nolland, Gospel of Matthew, 531–33.
12. Darrell L. Bock, Luke, vol. 2, 9:51–24:53 (Grand Rapids: Baker
Academic, 1996), 1623.
13. Robert H. Stein, Luke (Nashville: Broadman, 1992), 502.
14. Danylak, Redeeming Singleness, 165.
15. Barry Danylak, A Biblical Theology of Singleness (Cambridge: Grove,
2007), 27.
16. Danylak, Redeeming Singleness, 178.
17. Danylak, Redeeming Singleness, 182–85.
18. Barry Danylak, “Secular Singleness and Paul’s Response in 1
Corinthians 7,” (PhD diss., University of Cambridge, 2011), 152–55.
19. Dale B. Martin, The Corinthian Body (New Haven, CT: Yale
University Press, 1995), xv.
20. Walter Schmithals, Gnosticism in Corinth, trans. John E. Steely (New
York: Abingdon, 1971), 221–22, 387–88.
21. Danylak, “Secular Singleness,” 3.
22. Gordon D. Fee, The First Epistle to the Corinthians (Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 1987), 309.
23. Fee, First Epistle, 309–11; David E. Garland, 1 Corinthians (Grand
Rapids: Baker Academic, 2003), 299.
24. A. W. Richard Sipe, Celibacy in Crisis: A Secret World Revisited (New
York: Routledge, 2003), 29–39.
25. C. Peter Wagner, Your Spiritual Gifts Can Help Your Church Grow,
rev. ed. (Ventura: Regal, 2012), 63.
26. Albert Y. Hsu, Singles at the Crossroads: A Fresh Perspective on
Christian Singleness (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1997), 50–51.
27. Garland, 1 Corinthians, 273.
28. John Owen, Of the Mortification, in Overcoming Sin and Temptation,
ed. Kelly M. Kapic and Justin Taylor (Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2006),
47.
29. Garland, 1 Corinthians, 271.
30. Hsu, Singles at the Crossroads, 56–58.
31. Hsu, Singles at the Crossroads, 58, 60–61.
Chapter 14: Spiritual Family

1. Stand by Me, directed by Rob Reiner, Columbia Pictures, 1986.

2. Tom Horner, Jonathan Loved David: Homosexuality in Biblical Times
(Philadelphia: Westminster, 1978), 26–39; John Boswell, Same-Sex
Unions in Premodern Europe (New York: Vintage, 1995), 135–37;
Daniel A. Helminiak, What the Bible Really Says About Homosexuality,
rev. ed. (Tajique, NM: Alamo Square, 2000), 123–27; Saul M. Olyan,
“ ‘Surpassing the Love of Women’: Another Look at 2 Samuel 1:26 and
the Relationship of David and Jonathan,” in Authorizing Marriage?
Canon, Tradition, and Critique in the Blessing of Same-Sex Unions, ed.
Mark D. Jordan (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006), 7–16.
3. Robert A. J. Gagnon, The Bible and Homosexual Practice: Texts and
Hermeneutics (Nashville: Abingdon, 2001), 146–54.
4. Barry Danylak, Redeeming Singleness: How the Storyline of Scripture
Affirms the Single Life (Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2010), 64.
5. John Piper, This Momentary Marriage: A Parable of Permanence
(Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2009), 111.
6. Barry Danylak, A Biblical Theology of Singleness (Cambridge: Grove,
2007), 27–28.
7. Deuteronomy 32:6; 2 Samuel 7:14; 1 Chronicles 17:13; 22:10; 28:6;
Psalm 68:5; 89:26; Isaiah 63:16; 64:8; Jeremiah 3:4, 19; 31:9; Malachi
1:6; 2:10.
8. Robert H. Stein, “Fatherhood of God,” in Evangelical Dictionary of
Biblical Theology, ed. Walter A. Elwell (Grand Rapids: Baker Books,
1996), 247.
9. Joseph H. Hellerman, When the Church Was a Family: Recapturing
Jesus’ Vision for Authentic Christian Community (Nashville: B&H,
2009), 37–38.
10. Rosaria Champagne Butterfield, The Gospel Comes with a House Key:
Practicing Radically Ordinary Hospitality in Our Post-Christian World
(Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2018), 116–17.
Chapter 15: Sanctification

1. Giorgio Vasari, The Life of Michelangelo, trans. A. B. Hinds, rev. ed.

(London: Pallas Athene, 2013), 36.
2. Vasari, Life of Michelangelo, 197.
3. John N. Oswalt, The Book of Isaiah: Chapters 1–39 (Grand Rapids:
Eerdmans, 1986), 180.
4. John Owen also uses “evangelical holiness.” For a good articulation of
this, see Kelly M. Kapic, “Evangelical Holiness: Assumptions in John
Owen’s Theology of Christian Spirituality,” in Life in the Spirit:
Spiritual Formation in Theological Perspective, ed. Jeffrey P.
Greenman and George Kalantzis (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic,
2010), 97–114.
5. Kapic, “Evangelical Holiness,” 101–3.
6. For a helpful chapter on sanctification and its place in soteriology and
union with Christ, see Marcus Peter Johnson, “Sanctification in Christ,”
in One with Christ: An Evangelical Theology of Salvation (Wheaton,
IL: Crossway, 2013), 115–44.
7. Johnson, One with Christ, 116–17.
8. Johnson, One with Christ, 125.
Chapter 16: Bad Fruit on Vines

1. Homer, The Odyssey, trans. Robert Fitzgerald (New York: Farrar,

Straus and Giroux, 1998), 215.
2. Matthew Vines, God and the Gay Christian: The Biblical Case in
Support of Same-Sex Relationships (New York: Convergent Books,
2014), 12, 19.
3. Vines, God and the Gay Christian, 14.
4. David M. Fergusson, L. John Horwood, and Annette L. Beautrais, “Is
Sexual Orientation Related to Mental Health Problems and Suicidality
in Young People?” Archives of General Psychiatry 56, no. 10 (October
1999): 876–80; Richard Herrell et al., “Sexual Orientation and
Suicidality: A Co-Twin Control Study in Adult Men,” Archives of
General Psychiatry 56, no. 10 (October 1999): 867–74.
5. Brandon Hatmaker, “Where I stand on LGBTQ…,” Facebook,
November 1, 2016, www.facebook.com/HatmakerBrandon/posts/
661677820673474.
6. Ann P. Haas et al., “Suicide and Suicide Risk in Lesbian, Gay,
Bisexual, and Transgender Populations: Review and
Recommendations,” Journal of Homosexuality 58, no. 1 (January
2011): 22.
7. Ron de Graaf, Theo G. M. Sandfort, and Margreet ten Have,
“Suicidality and Sexual Orientation: Differences Between Men and
Women in a General Population-Based Sample from the Netherlands,”
Archives of Sexual Behavior 35, no. 3 (June 2006): 253.
8. European Commission, Special Eurobarometer 437: Discrimination in
the EU in 2015 (Brussels: European Union, 2015), 50.
9. John Nolland, The Gospel of Matthew: A Commentary on the Greek
Text (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2005), 336–37.
Chapter 17: Compassion

1. Darrell L. Bock, Luke, vol. 2, 9:51–24:53 (Grand Rapids: Baker

Academic, 1996), 1031.
2. Bock, Luke, 1021.
3. Christopher Yuan, Giving a Voice to the Voiceless: A Qualitative Study
of Reducing Marginalization of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Same-Sex
Attracted Students at Christian Colleges and Universities (Eugene, OR:
Wipf & Stock, 2016).
Chapter 18: Outreach

1. Oswald Chambers, My Utmost for His Highest: Selections for the Year
(New York: Dodd, Mead, 1935), 219.
2. Chris Fabry, War Room: Prayer Is a Powerful Weapon (Carol Stream,
IL: Tyndale, 2015), 172.
Chapter 19: Receiving the News

1. “The State of the Church 2016,” Barna Group, September 15, 2016,
www.barna.com/research/state-church-2016.
2. This is a very helpful and concise book on homosexuality. It’s a quick
read, summarizing both biblical and practical matters. Sam Allberry, Is
God Anti-Gay? And Other Questions About Homosexuality, the Bible
and Same-Sex Attraction, rev. ed. (Epsom, UK: Good Book, 2015).
Chapter 20: Discipleship

1. Erwin W. Lutzer, Putting Your Past Behind You: Finding Hope for
Life’s Deepest Hurts, rev. ed. (Chicago: Moody, 1997), 49.
2. Mark Dever, Discipling: How to Help Others Follow Jesus (Wheaton,
IL: Crossway, 2016), 68–69.
3. Tony Evans, Tony Evans’ Book of Illustrations: Stories, Quotes, and
Anecdotes from More Than 30 Years of Preaching and Public Speaking
(Chicago: Moody, 2009), 88–89.
 About the Author

Dr. Christopher Yuan has taught the Bible at Moody Bible Institute for over
ten years, and his speaking ministry on faith and sexuality has reached five
continents. He speaks at conferences, on college campuses, and in churches.
He has coauthored with his mother their memoir (now in seven languages),
Out of a Far Country: A Gay Son’s Journey to God, a Broken Mother’s
Search for Hope, and he is also the author of Giving a Voice to the Voiceless.
Christopher graduated from Moody Bible Institute in 2005, Wheaton College
Graduate School in 2007 with a master of arts in biblical exegesis, and Bethel
Seminary in 2014 with a doctor of ministry degree.
Christopher Yuan is a passionate speaker, delivering life-changing messages
to audiences young and old. Gripping the audience with raw honesty and
transparency, Christopher’s journey from tragedy to triumph has moved and
warmed countless hearts. His dynamic messages inspire people from all
walks of life, all around the world.

Request to have Christopher come speak to your church, ministry, or

organization! More info at ChristopherYuan.com
 CONNECT WITH CHRISTOPHER
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