Tournament Arc – A thesis

A tournament arc is awesome. The first Tournament Arc ever that I liked is in Yuyuhaksuho. It is very
gud. Kuwabara is best.

Notes

Module 11 IPv4 Addressing

11.1 IPv4 Address Structure

-32 bit address, divded by 4 called octet

-Network Portion and Host Portion determined by subnet mask

PREFIX LENGTH -Prefix Length is used to identify the subnet mask address

-Prefix Length number of bits set to 1 -Written in slash notation

DETERMINING THE NETWORK : LOGICAL AND -Logical AND is used to determine the
network address

-To identify the network address each bit of the IPv4 Host Address and Subnet Mask is logically
ANDed.

-1 and 1 = 1, 1 and 0 = 0 , 0 and 0 = 0

Network, Host and Broadcast Address

Network Address Host Portion in 0s Bits First Usable Address Host Partition is 1+Network
Address Last Usable Address Host Partition is 254

Broadcast Address Host Portion in 1s Bit

$$Address_{tot.usable} = 2^{32-(Prefixlength)}$$

Types of IPv4 Addresses

Divided into 2 Public and Private IPv4 Addresses

Public - Globally Routed - Used to route your internet

Private - Not unique, can be used internally

Routing to the Internet

To connect to the internet the NAT (Network Address Translation) is used

NAT translates the private IPv4 address to public IPv4 address

NAT enabled on the edge router - router that connect to the internet

Special Use IPv4 Addresses

IPv4 Address not available to the public

Loopback address 127.0.0.0/8 Used on a host to test if TCP/IP is working

Link-local addresses

-Known as APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing) addresses or self-assigned activities

-Used by Windows DHCP clients when

5 classes of IP Addressing

Class A 0.0.0.0/8 to 127.0.0.0/8

Class B 128.0.0.0/16 - 191.255.0.0/16

Class C 192.0.0.0/24 - 223.255.255.0/24

Class D 244.0.0.0 - 239.0.0.0

Class E 240.0.0.0 - 255.0.0.0

Assignment of IP Addresses IANA - Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. Regional Internet

Registries (RIR) provides the Internet Service Providers

Network Segmentation
Broadcast Domains and Segmentation

Why do we need to segment the networks - to have your broadcast domain to be smaller

A broadcast flood can happen if the networks siz

Problems in a Large Broadcast Domain

 If the network is too large it will cause a broadcast storm.

 One way to circumvent that is to divide the network into smaller sizes

Reason for Segmenting Networks

 Subnetting reduces overall network traffic and improves network performance
 Implement security policies between subnets
 Reduces the number of devices affected by abnormal broadcast traffic
 Types of Subnetting -Location -Group or Function -Device Type