BSNL TTA (JE) ELECTRONICS DEVICES AND CIRCUITS 200

EXPECTED QUESTIONS (WWW.ALLEXAMREVIEW.COM) PART

THREE
ANSWER KEY-Correct answer is indicated by symbol (V) in options.
HINTS-In some questions options E-HINTS is indicating the hints of answer
1) In a RC phase shift oscillator, the minimum number of R-C networks to be connected in
cascade will be
A [ ]) one.
B [ ]) two.
C [v]) three.
D [ ]) four.

2) Class B amplifier is biased

A [ ]) at midpoint of load line.
B [v]) just at cut-off.
C [ ]) nearly twice cut-off.
D [ ]) none of the above.

3) MOSFET requires
A [ ]) A large input current.
B [v]) Only small input current.
C [ ]) A large input current and high voltage.
D [ ]) None of these.None of these.

4) Secondary breakdown occures in

A [v]) BJT but not is MOSFET.
B [ ]) Both BJT and MOSFET.
C [ ]) MOSFET but not in BJT.
D [ ]) None of these.

5) Common emitter current gain hFE of a BJT is

A [ ]) Always constant.
B [ ]) Dependent on base -emitter voltage.
C [ ]) Dependent on collector-emitter voltage.

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 D [v]) Dependent on collector current.

6) How will electrons flow through a p-channel JFET?

A [ ]) From source to drain.
B [ ]) From source to gate.
C [ ]) From drain to gate.
D [v]) From drain to source.

7) A common-gate amplifier is similar in configuration to which BJT amplifier?

A [ ]) common-emitter
B [ ]) common-collector
C [v]) common-base
D [ ]) emitter-follower

8) The theoretical efficiency of a class D amplifier is

A [ ]) 75%.
B [ ]) 85%.
C [ ]) 90%
D [v]) 100%.

9) A common-source amplifier is similar in configuration to which BJT amplifier?

A [ ]) common-base
B [ ]) common-collector
C [v]) common-emitter
D [ ]) emitter-follower

10) A common-drain amplifier is similar in configuration to which BJT amplifier?

A [ ]) common-emitter
B [v]) common-collector
C [ ]) common-base
D [ ]) common-gate

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11) The class D amplifier uses what type of transistors?
A [ ]) JFETs
B [ ]) BJTs
C [v]) MOSFETs
D [ ]) all

12) What is (are) the function(s) of the coupling capacitors C1 and C2 in an FET circuit?
A [ ]) to create an open circuit for dc analysis
B [ ]) to isolate the dc biasing arrangement from the applied signal and load
C [ ]) to create a short-circuit equivalent for ac analysis
D [v]) All of the above

13) There is a ________º phase inversion between gate and source in a source follower.
A [v]) 0
B [ ]) 90
C [ ]) 180
D [ ]) none of the above

14) MOSFETs make better power switches than BJTs because they have
A [ ]) lower turn-off times.
B [ ]) lower on-state resistance.
C [ ]) a positive temperature coefficient.
D [v]) all of the above

15) MOSFET digital switching is used to produce which digital gates?

A [ ]) inverters
B [ ]) NOR gates
C [ ]) NAND gates
D [v]) all of the above

16) Class D amplifiers differ from all other classes of amplifiers because
A [v]) the output transistors are operated as switches.

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 B [ ]) of their very low input capacitance.
C [ ]) of their high-frequency response capabilities.
D [ ]) they employ dual MOSFETs.

17) Which FET amplifier(s) has (have) a phase inversion between input and output signals?
A [ ]) common-gate
B [ ]) common-drain
C [v]) common-source
D [ ]) all of the above

18) What common factor determines the voltage gain and input resistance of a common-
gate amplifier?
A [ ]) RD
B [ ]) RL
C [v]) gm
D [ ]) all of these

19) Which of the following is (are) related to depletion-type MOSFETs?

A [ ]) Vgs can be negative, zero, or positive.
B [ ]) gm can be greater or smaller than gm0.
C [ ]) ID can be larger than IDSS.
D [v]) All of the above

20) CMOS digital switches use

A [ ]) n-channel and p-channel D-MOSFETs in series.
B [ ]) n-channel and p-channel D-MOSFETs in parallel.
C [ ]) n-channel and p-channel E-MOSFETs in series.
D [v]) n-channel and p-channel E-MOSFETs in parallel.

21) Input resistance of a common-drain amplifier is

A [v]) RG || RIN(gate)
B [ ]) RG + RIN(gate).
C [ ]) RG.

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 D [ ]) RIN(gate).

22) A JFET cascade amplifier employs

A [ ]) 2 common-gate amplifiers.
B [ ]) 2 common-source amplifiers.
C [v]) 1 common-gate and 1 common-source amplifier.
D [ ]) 1 common-gate and 1 common-drain amplifier.

23) E-MOSFETs are generally used in switching applications because

A [ ]) of their very low input capacitance.
B [v]) of their threshold characteristic (VGS(th)).
C [ ]) of their high-frequency response capabilities.
D [ ]) of their power handling.

24) The E-MOSFET is quite popular in ________ applications.

A [ ]) digital circuitry
B [ ]) high-frequency
C [ ]) buffering
D [v]) All of the above

25) In a common-source amplifier, the purpose of the bypass capacitor, C2, is to

A [v]) keep the source effectively at ac ground
B [ ]) provide a dc path to ground.
C [ ]) provide coupling to the input.
D [ ]) provide coupling to the load.

26) A JFET has disadvantage of

A [ ]) being noisy.
B [v]) having small gain-bandwidth product.
C [ ]) possessing positive temperature coefficient.
D [ ]) having low input impedance.

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27) The gate controls
A [ ]) the width of the channel.
B [ ]) the drain current.
C [ ]) the gate voltage.
D [v]) all of them.

28) The load voltage is approximately constant when a zener diode is

A [ ]) forward biased.
B [ ]) reverse biased.
C [v]) operating in breakdown region.
D [ ]) unbiased.

29) If the load resistance increases in a zener regulator, the zener current
A [ ]) decreases.
B [ ]) stays the same.
C [v]) Increases.
D [ ]) equals the source voltage divided by series resistance.

30) A transistor series voltage regulator is called emitter follower regulator because the
emitter of the pass transistor follows the ________________________ voltage.
A [ ]) output.
B [ ]) input.
C [v]) base.
D [ ]) collector.

31) In CB configuration, the output V-I characteristics of a transistor are drawn by taking
A [ ]) VCB versus IC for constant IE.
B [v]) VCB versus IB for constant IE.
C [ ]) VCE versus IC for constant IE.
D [ ]) VCB versus IB for constant IE.

32) Large electric current flow of a BJT occurs

A [ ]) in emitter.

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 B [ ]) in base.
C [v]) in collector.
D [ ]) through emitter-collector

33) In CE configuration, the input V-I characteristics are drawn by taking

A [ ]) VCE versus IC for constant value of IE.
B [ ]) VBE versus IE for constant value of VCE.
C [ ]) VBE versus IB for constant value of IC.
D [v]) VBE versus IB for constant value of VCE.

34) The voltage divider biasing circuit is used in amplifiers quite often because it
A [ ]) limits the AC signal going to base.
B [v]) reduces the DC base electric current
C [ ]) reduces the cost of the circuit.
D [ ]) none of above

35) Early effect in BJT refers to

A [ ]) avalanche breakdown.
B [ ]) thermal breakdown.
C [v]) base narrowing.
D [ ]) zener breakdown

36) Which of the following transistor configuration circuit is much less temperature
dependent
A [ ]) Common base.
B [ ]) Common emitter.
C [v]) Common collector.
D [ ]) None of the above.

37) The Q-point in a voltage amplifier is selected in the middle of the active region because
A [ ]) it gives better stability.
B [ ]) the circuit needs a small.
C [ ]) the biasing circuit then need less number of resistors.

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 D [v]) it gives distortions less output.

38) The negative part of the output signal in a transistor circuit starts clipping if the Q point
of the circuit moves
A [v]) toward the saturation point.
B [ ]) toward the cutoff point.
C [ ]) toward the center of the load line.
D [ ]) none of the above.

39) The positive part of the output signal in a transistor circuit starts clipping, if Q point of
the circuit moves
A [ ]) toward the saturation point.
B [v]) toward the cutoff point.
C [ ]) toward the center of the load line.
D [ ]) none of these.

40) In a MOSFET, the polarity of the inversion layer is the same as that of the
A [ ]) charge on the gate electrode.
B [ ]) minority carriers in the drain .
C [ ]) majority carries in the substrate.
D [v]) majority carries in the source .

41) IGFET is a
A [v]) square - law device.
B [ ]) half - power device.
C [ ]) 3 / 2 power - low device .
D [ ]) linear device.

42) A depletion MOSFET differs from a JFET in the sense that it has no
A [ ]) channel
B [ ]) gate.
C [v]) p - n junction.
D [ ]) substrate.

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43) The opamp can amplify
A [ ]) AC signals only.
B [ ]) DC signals only.
C [v]) both AC and DC signals.
D [ ]) neither AC not DC signals.

44) The input signal for an instrumentation amplifier usually comes from
A [ ]) an inverting amplifier.
B [ ]) a resistor.
C [ ]) a differential amplifier.
D [v]) a Wheatstone bridge.

45) In a differential amplifier, the CMRR is limited mostly by the

A [ ]) CMRR of the opamp.
B [ ]) gain - bandwidth product.
C [ ]) supply voltages
D [v]) tolerance of the resistors.

46) An instrumentation amplifier has a high

A [ ]) output impedance.
B [ ]) power gain.
C [v]) CMMR.
D [ ]) supply voltage

47) A common - mode signal is applied to

A [ ]) the non - inverting input.
B [ ]) the inverting input.
C [v]) both inputs.
D [ ]) the top of the tail resistor.

48) he common-mode voltage gain is

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 A [v]) smaller than the voltage gain.
B [ ]) equal to the voltage gain.
C [ ]) greater than the voltage gain.
D [ ]) none of the above.

49) The input stage of an op amp is usually a

A [v]) differential amp.
B [ ]) class B push-pull amplifier.
C [ ]) CE amplifier.
D [ ]) swamped amplifier.

50) The voltage follower has a

A [v]) closed - loop voltage gain of unity.
B [ ]) small open - loop voltage gain.
C [ ]) closed - loop bandwidth of zero.
D [ ]) large closed - loop output impedance.

51) The input offset electric current is usually

A [v]) less than the input bias current.
B [ ]) equal to zero.
C [ ]) less than the input offset voltage.
D [ ]) unimportant when a base resistor is used.

52) With both bases grounded, the only offset that produces an error is the
A [ ]) input offset current.
B [ ]) input bias current.
C [v]) input offset voltage.
D [ ]) all

53) The graph of current gain versus collector current indicates that the current gain
A [ ]) is constant.
B [v]) varies slightly.

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 C [ ]) varies significantly.
D [ ]) equals the collector current divided by the base current.

54) If the base resistor is very small, the transistor will operate in the
A [ ]) cutoff region.
B [v]) saturation region.
C [ ]) active region.
D [ ]) all of the above.

55) If a transistor operates at the middle of the load line, a decrease in the base resistance
will move the Q point
A [ ]) down.
B [v]) up.
C [ ]) nowhere.
D [ ]) off the load line.

56) If the current gain is unknown in an emitter-biased circuit, you cannot calculate the
A [ ]) emitter voltage.
B [ ]) emitter current.
C [ ]) collector current.
D [v]) base current.

57) The major advantage of a photo transistor as compared to a photo diode is its
A [ ]) response to higher frequencies.
B [ ]) AC operation.
C [v]) increased sensitivity.
D [ ]) durability.

58) A tunnel-diode is best suited for

A [ ]) Very low frequencies
B [ ]) 50 Hz
C [ ]) 100 kHz
D [v]) Microwave frequencies

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59) hermal runaway is not possible in FET because, as the temperature of FET increases
A [ ]) The drain current increases
B [v]) The mobility of charge carrier decreases
C [ ]) The mobility of charge carriers increases
D [ ]) The transconductance increases

60) The large signal bandwidth of an operational amplifier is limited by its

A [ ]) CMRR
B [v]) Slew rate
C [ ]) Gain-bandwidth product
D [ ]) Input impedance

61) The feedback factor of a Wien bridge oscillator using Op-Amp is

A [ ]) 1/3
B [ ]) 1/4
C [v]) 1/2
D [ ]) 1

62) For audio frequency applications, the popular oscillator used is

A [v]) Wien bridge oscillator
B [ ]) Hartley oscillator
C [ ]) Crystal oscillator
D [ ]) Phase shift oscillator

63) Colpitts oscillator is also called as

A [ ]) Tank circuit oscillator
B [ ]) LC oscillator
C [ ]) Resonant circuit oscillator
D [v]) All of the above

64) A quartz crystal oscillator consists of

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 A [ ]) only series resonant frequency.
B [ ]) only parallel resonant frequency.
C [v]) both series and parallel frequencies.
D [ ]) neither series nor parallel frequency.

65) Which oscillators are easy to fabricate in a monolithic IC?

A [ ]) Crystal oscillator.
B [ ]) Hartley oscillator
C [ ]) Wien bridge oscillator.
D [v]) Relaxation oscillator.

66) Which of the following is not a sinusoidal oscillator?

A [ ]) LC oscillator
B [ ]) RC phase shift oscillator
C [v]) Relaxation oscillator
D [ ]) Crystal oscillator

67) Voltage controlled oscillators are used commonly in

A [ ]) Pulse Modulators Frequency Modulators Phase Clocked loops
B [ ]) Frequency Modulators
C [ ]) Phase Clocked loops
D [v]) All the above

68) One of the following is the primary function of an oscillator

A [ ]) produces sinusoidal oscillations
B [ ]) generates non sinusoidal waveforms
C [v]) generates sustained oscillations at a constant amplitude and specific frequency
D [ ]) none of the above

69) Relaxation Voltage controlled oscillators are used to generate

A [ ]) Sinusoidal wave
B [ ]) Triangular wave

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 C [ ]) Sawtooth wave
D [v]) Both B and C

70) Feedback circuit in an oscillator can be accomplished by

A [ ]) Resistive coupling between input and output
B [ ]) Capacitive coupling between input and output
C [ ]) Inductive coupling between input and output
D [v]) Any one or combinations of the above methods

71) The following are the necessary requirements of an oscillator

A [ ]) Amplitude stability
B [ ]) Frequency stability
C [ ]) Power stability
D [v]) Both A and B

72) The Barkhausen criterion for an oscillator

A [ ]) Loop gain should be unity
B [ ]) Loop gain should be less than unity
C [ ]) The phase of a feedback signal with respect to input should be 0° or 360°
D [v]) Both A and C

73) LC oscillators are used for produce a waveform with frequency ranging from
A [v]) 1MHz to 500 MHz
B [ ]) 100 KHz to 500 MHz
C [ ]) 1 KHz to 1 MHz
D [ ]) 1MHz to 100 GHz

74) Which of the following oscillators are used for low frequency (LF) applications
A [ ]) LC oscillators
B [v]) RC oscillators
C [ ]) Both LC and RC Oscillators
D [ ]) None

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75) The expression for frequency of oscillations of a RC phase shift oscillator is
A [ ]) f = 1 / (2π√RC)
B [ ]) f = 1 / (2π√R(C1 + C2))
C [v]) f = 1 / (2π RC√6)
D [ ]) none of the above

76) A roll-off of 20 dB per decade is equivalent to a roll-off of ________ per octave.

A [ ]) 3 dB
B [ ]) 13 dB
C [ ]) 12 dB
D [v]) 6 dB

77) Each RC circuit causes the gain to drop at a rate of ________ dB/decade.
A [v]) 20
B [ ]) 10
C [ ]) 6
D [ ]) 8

78) The frequency response of an amplifier can be determined using the step response
method, and measuring the output rise/fall times between
A [ ]) 0% and 100% response.
B [v]) 10% and 90% response.
C [ ]) 25% and 75% response.
D [ ]) five time constant responses.

79) In a multistage amplifier, the overall frequency response is determined by the

A [v]) frequency response of each stage depending on the relationships of the critical
frequencies.
B [ ]) frequency response of the first amplifier.
C [ ]) frequency response of the last amplifier.
D [ ]) lower critical frequency of the first amplifier and the upper critical frequency of the final
amplifier.

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80) What term means that the midrange voltage gain is assigned a value of 1 (or 0 dB)?
A [ ]) critical
B [ ]) Miller
C [v]) normalized
D [ ]) corner

81) A change in frequency by a factor of ________ is equivalent to 1 octave.

A [v]) 2
B [ ]) 10
C [ ]) 5
D [ ]) 20

82) For audio systems, the reference level is generally accepted as ________.
A [v]) 1 mW
B [ ]) 1 W
C [ ]) 10 mW
D [ ]) 100 mW

83) For the low-frequency response of a BJT amplifier, the maximum gain is where
________ .
A [ ]) RB = 0 ohm
B [ ]) RC = 0 ohm
C [v]) RE = 0 ohm
D [ ]) none

84) Which of the following configurations does (do) not involve the Miller effect
capacitance?
A [ ]) Common-emitter
B [v]) Common-base
C [ ]) Common-collector
D [ ]) All of the above

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85) Which of the following statements is true for a square-wave signal?
A [ ]) It is composed of both even and odd harmonics.
B [v]) It is composed only of odd harmonics.
C [ ]) It is composed only of even harmonics
D [ ]) The harmonics waveforms are also square waves.

86) A change in frequency by a factor of ________ is equivalent to 1 decade.

A [ ]) 2
B [v]) 10
C [ ]) 5
D [ ]) 20

87) The maximum rate of change of the output voltage in response to a step input voltage
is the ________ of an op-amp.
A [ ]) time constant
B [ ]) maximum frequency
C [v]) slew rate
D [ ]) none of these

88) A practical op-amp has very ________ input impedance, very ________ output
impedance, very ________ open-loop voltage gain, and a ________ bandwidth.
A [v]) high, low, high, wide
B [ ]) high, high, low, narrow
C [ ]) low, high, high, wide
D [ ]) low, low, low, wide

89) What is the level of the roll-off in most op-amps?

A [ ]) -6 dB / decade
B [ ]) -20 dB / octave
C [ ]) -6 dB / decade or -20 dB / octave
D [v]) -20 dB / decade or -6 dB / octave

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90) A(n) ________ amplifier configuration has a higher input impedance and a lower output
impedance than the op-amp itself.
A [v]) non-inverting
B [ ]) inverting
C [ ]) voltage-follower
D [ ]) none

91) Negative feedback added to an op-amp ________ the bandwidth and ________ the gain.
A [ ]) increases, increases
B [v]) increases, decreases
C [ ]) decreases, decreases
D [ ]) decreases, increases

92) What is the scale multiplier (factor) of a basic integrator?

A [ ]) R / C
B [ ]) C / R
C [ ]) -RC
D [v]) -1 / RC

93) In the differential amplifier circuit, which of the following terminals are connected
together?
A [ ]) Bases
B [ ]) Collectors
C [ ]) One base to another collector
D [v]) Emitters

94) Which of the following is (are) the result of gain reduction by a feedback?
A [ ]) The amplifier voltage gain is a more stable and precise value
B [ ]) The input impedance of the circuit is increased over that of the op-amp alone.
C [ ]) The output impedance is reduced over that of the op-amp alone.
D [v]) All of the above

95) A Schmitt trigger is

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 A [ ]) a comparator with only one trigger point.
B [v]) a comparator with hysteresis.
C [ ]) a comparator with three trigger points.
D [ ]) none of the above.

96) The output of a Schmitt trigger is a

A [v]) pulse waveform
B [ ]) sawtooth waveform.
C [ ]) sinusoidal waveform.
D [ ]) triangle waveform.

97) A comparator with a Schmitt trigger has

A [v]) two trigger levels
B [ ]) a fast response.
C [ ]) a slow response.
D [ ]) one trigger level.

98) In a(n) ________, when the input voltage exceeds a specified reference voltage, the
output changes state.
A [ ]) integrator
B [ ]) differentiator
C [ ]) summing amplifier
D [v]) comparator

99) What is (are) the necessary component(s) for the design of a bounded comparator?
A [ ]) rectifier diodes
B [v]) zener diodes
C [ ]) both of the above
D [ ]) none

100) What type(s) of circuit(s) use comparators?

A [ ]) summer
B [v]) nonzero-level detector

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 C [ ]) averaging amplifier
D [ ]) summer and nonzero-level detector

101) A differentiator is used to measure

A [ ]) the sum of the input voltages.
B [ ]) the difference between two voltages.
C [ ]) the area under a curve.
D [v]) the rate of change of the input voltage.

102) An integrator circuit

A [ ]) uses a resistor in its feedback circuit.
B [ ]) uses an inductor in its feedback circuit.
C [v]) uses a capacitor in its feedback circuit
D [ ]) uses a resistor in its feedback circuit or uses a capacitor in its feedback circuit

103) In a comparator with output bounding, what type of diode is used in the feedback
loop?
A [ ]) Schottky
B [ ]) junction
C [v]) zener
D [ ]) varactor

104) A basic ________ amplifier is formed by three op-amps and seven resistors
A [v]) instrumentation
B [ ]) isolation
C [ ]) log
D [ ]) antilog

105) The main purpose of an instrumentation amplifier is to amplify ________ signals that
are riding on ________ common-mode voltages.
A [ ]) small, small
B [v]) small, large
C [ ]) large, small

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 D [ ]) large, large

106) A log amplifier has ________ in the feedback loop.

A [ ]) a diode
B [ ]) a BJT
C [ ]) a resistor
D [v]) either a diode or a BJT

107) The operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) is primarily a ________ -to-

________ amplifier.
A [ ]) current, voltage
B [v]) voltage, current
C [ ]) current, resistance
D [ ]) resistance, curre

108) An antilog amplifier has a ________ in series with the input.

A [ ]) BJT
B [ ]) diode
C [ ]) resistor
D [v]) diode or BJT

109) The process known as signal compression is used with a(n) ____ amplifier
A [v]) log
B [ ]) antilog
C [ ]) instrumentation
D [ ]) isolation

110) What part of the characteristic curve of a diode is useful for log amplifiers?
A [ ]) the log region above 0.7 V
B [ ]) the log region below 0.7 V
C [v]) the log region between 0 V and 0.7 V
D [ ]) the log region below the zener voltage

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111) An OTA(operational transconductance amplifier) has
A [ ]) a bias-current input terminal.
B [ ]) high output impedance.
C [ ]) no fixed open-loop voltage gain.
D [v]) all of the above

112) The OTA has a ________ input impedance and a ________ CMRR.
A [ ]) high, low
B [ ]) low, high
C [v]) high, high
D [ ]) low, low

113) How many op-amps are required to implement this equation?

Vo = V1
A [ ]) 2
B [ ]) 3
C [ ]) 4
D [v]) 1

114) Class ________ amplifiers are normally operated in a push-pull configuration in order
to produce an output that is a replica of the input.
A [ ]) A
B [ ]) B
C [ ]) C
D [v]) AB

115) Which type of power amplifier is biased for operation at less than 180º of the cycle?
A [ ]) Class A
B [ ]) Class B or AB
C [v]) Class C
D [ ]) Class D

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116) Which of the following instruments allows more precise measurement of the harmonic
components of a distorted signal?
A [ ]) Digital multimeter
B [ ]) Spectrum analyzer
C [ ]) Oscilloscope
D [v]) Wave analyzer

117) In class B operation, at what fraction of VCC should the level of VL(p) be to achieve
the maximum power dissipated by the output transistor?
A [ ]) 0.5
B [v]) 0.636
C [ ]) 0.707
D [ ]) 1

118) What is the maximum temperature rating for silicon power transistors?
A [ ]) 50º to 80º
B [ ]) 100º to 110º
C [v]) 150º to 200º
D [ ]) 250º to 300º

119) What is the maximum efficiency of a class A circuit with a direct or series-fed load
connection?
A [ ]) 90%
B [ ]) 78.5%
C [ ]) 50%
D [v]) 25%

120) Which class of amplifier operates in the linear region for only a small part of the input
A [ ]) A
B [ ]) B
C [v]) C
D [ ]) AB

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121) The Q-point is at cutoff for class ________ operation.
A [ ]) A
B [v]) B
C [ ]) C
D [ ]) AB

122) How many transistors must be used in a class B power amplifier to obtain the output
for the full cycle of the signal?
A [v]) 2
B [ ]) 1
C [ ]) 0
D [ ]) 3

123) Quiescent power is the power dissipation of a transistor

A [v]) with no signal input
B [ ]) with no load.
C [ ]) under full load.
D [ ]) along the dc load line.

124) Which of the power amplifiers is not intended primarily for large-signal or power
amplification?
A [ ]) Class A
B [ ]) Class B or AB
C [v]) Class C
D [ ]) Class D

125) By how much does the output signal vary for a class AB power amplifier?
A [ ]) 360º
B [ ]) 180º
C [v]) Between 180º and 360º
D [ ]) Less than 180º

126) Which type of amplifier uses pulse (digital) signals in its operation?

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 A [ ]) Class A
B [ ]) Class B or AB
C [ ]) Class C
D [v]) Class D

127) Which of the push-pull amplifiers is presently the most popular form of the class B
power amplifier?
A [v]) Quasi-complementary
B [ ]) Transformer-coupled
C [ ]) Complementary-symmetry
D [ ]) None of the above

128) Which amplifier is commonly used as a frequency multiplier?

A [ ]) class A
B [ ]) class B
C [v]) class C
D [ ]) all of the above

129) Which of the following instruments displays the harmonics of a distorted signal?
A [ ]) Digital multimeter
B [v]) Spectrum analyzer
C [ ]) Oscilloscope
D [ ]) Wave analyzer

130) You have an application for a power amplifier to operate on FM radio frequencies. The
most likely choice would be a ________ amplifier.
A [ ]) class A
B [ ]) class B
C [v]) class C
D [ ]) class AB

131) Which of the following describe(s) a power amplifier?

A [ ]) It can handle large power.

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 B [ ]) It can handle large current.
C [ ]) It does not provide much voltage gain.
D [v]) All of the above

132) The least efficient amplifier among all classes is

A [ ]) class B.
B [ ]) class BA
C [v]) class A
D [ ]) class C

133) Which of the following is (are) the disadvantage(s) of a class B complementary-

symmetry circuit?
A [ ]) It needs two separate voltage sources.
B [ ]) There is crossover distortion in the output signal.
C [ ]) It does not provide exact switching of one transistor off and the other on at the zero-voltage
condition.
D [v]) All of the above

134) The class ________ amplifier is biased below cutoff.

A [ ]) A
B [ ]) AB
C [ ]) B
D [v]) C

135) A class C amplifier has a tank circuit in the output. The amplifier is conducting only
28°. The output voltage is
A [ ]) 0 V.
B [ ]) a dc value equal to VCC.
C [v]) a sine wave.
D [ ]) a square wave with a frequency determined by the tank.

136) Only the condition βA = ________ must be satisfied for self-sustained oscillations to
result.
A [ ]) 0

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 B [ ]) -1
C [v]) 1
D [ ]) NONE

137) The feedback signal in a(n) ________ oscillator is derived from an inductive voltage
divider in the LC circuit.
A [v]) Hartley
B [ ]) Armstrong
C [ ]) Colpitts
D [ ]) none

138) The attenuation of the three-section RC feedback phase-shift oscillator is

A [ ]) 1/9.
B [ ]) 1/30.
C [ ]) 1/3.
D [v]) 1/29.

139) What is the minimum frequency at which a crystal will oscillate?

A [ ]) seventh harmonic
B [ ]) third harmonic
C [v]) fundamental
D [ ]) second harmonic

140) The feedback signal in a(n) ________ oscillator is derived from a capacitive voltage
divider in the LC circuit.
A [ ]) Hartley
B [ ]) Armstrong
C [v]) Colpitts
D [ ]) none

141) Which of the following is required for oscillation?

A [ ]) βA > 1
B [ ]) The phase shift around the feedback network must be 180º.

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 C [v]) Both βA > 1 and the phase shift around the feedback network must be 180º.
D [ ]) None of the above

142) A circuit that can change the frequency of oscillation with an application of a dc
voltage is sometimes called
A [v]) a voltage-controlled oscillator.
B [ ]) a crystal oscillator.
C [ ]) a Hartley oscillator.
D [ ]) an astable multivibrator.

143) What is the ratio of the input impedance with series feedback to that without
feedback?
A [v]) 1 +βA
B [ ]) βA
C [ ]) β
D [ ]) 1

144) Which of the following oscillators is (are) tuned oscillators?

A [ ]) Colpitts
B [ ]) Hartley
C [ ]) Crystal
D [v]) All of the above

145) What is the total phase shift requirement, around the feedback loop, for a phase-shift
oscillator?
A [ ]) 90°
B [ ]) 180°
C [ ]) 270°
D [v]) 360°

146) The lead-lag circuit in the Wien-bridge oscillator has a resonant frequency at which
the attenuation is
A [ ]) 1/2.
B [ ]) 1/4.

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 C [v]) 1/3
D [ ]) 1/5.

147) In the IC phase-shift oscillator, what should the ratio of feedback resistor Rf to R1 be?
A [ ]) Zero
B [v]) Greater than -29
C [ ]) Less than 29
D [ ]) Any value

148) The twin-T oscillator produces a ________ response.

A [ ]) low-pass
B [ ]) high-pass
C [ ]) band-pass
D [v]) band-stop

149) An op-amp integrator has a square-wave input. The output should be

A [ ]) a sine wave.
B [v]) a triangle wave.
C [ ]) a square wave.
D [ ]) pure dc.

150) The ________ can be externally programmed to turn on at a desired anode-to-gate

voltage level.
A [ ]) UJT
B [v]) PUT
C [ ]) SCR
D [ ]) SCS

151) An application of a(n) ________ is in a lighting system for power interruptions.

A [v]) SCR
B [ ]) SCS
C [ ]) diac
D [ ]) triac

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152) The silicon-controlled switch (SCS) is similar in construction to the
A [ ]) triac
B [ ]) diac.
C [v]) SCR.
D [ ]) 4-layer diode.

153) The ________ can conduct current in either direction and is turned on when a
breakover voltage is exceeded.
A [ ]) SCR
B [v]) diac
C [ ]) SCS
D [ ]) triac

154) You need to design a relaxation oscillator circuit. The most likely device to use might
be
A [ ]) an SCR.
B [v]) a UJT.
C [ ]) a triac.
D [ ]) a 4-layer diode.

155) The ________ is like a diac with a gate terminal.

A [v]) triac
B [ ]) SCR
C [ ]) SCS
D [ ]) none of the above

156) You have a need to use a device to trigger an SCR. A good one to use might be
A [ ]) an SCS.
B [v]) a UJT
C [ ]) a 4-layer diode
D [ ]) a PUT.

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157) The SCR can be triggered on by a pulse at the
A [ ]) gate
B [ ]) anode.
C [ ]) cathode.
D [ ]) none of the above

158) Which of the following devices might best be used to control an electric motor?
A [ ]) an SCS
B [ ]) a PUT
C [v]) an SCR
D [ ]) a diac

159) You have a light-dimmer circuit using an SCR. In testing the circuit, you find that IG =
0 mA and the light is still on. You conclude that the trouble might be one of the following:
A [ ]) the SCR is open.
B [ ]) the switch is faulty.
C [ ]) the gate circuit is shorted.
D [v]) this is normal; nothing is wrong.

160) How many semiconductor layers are thyristors constructed with?

A [ ]) 2
B [ ]) 3
C [v]) 4
D [ ]) 1

161) A thyristor that will enable to turn it on with a pulse and also turn it off with a pulse is
A [ ]) an SCR
B [v]) an SCS
C [ ]) a PUT
D [ ]) a triac

162) An SCR acts to control the speed of an electric motor by ________ the ________ of the
pulse delivered to the motor.

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 A [v]) varying, width
B [ ]) increasing, amplitude
C [ ]) decreasing, gate width
D [ ]) none of these

163) Which of the following devices does not have a cathode terminal?
A [ ]) SCR
B [ ]) SCS
C [v]) Triac
D [ ]) Shockley diode

164) Which of the following devices has a negative-resistance region in its characteristics
curve?
A [ ]) SCR
B [ ]) SCS
C [v]) Unijunction transisto
D [ ]) Phototransistor

165) How many terminals does a programmable unijunction transistor (PUT) have?
A [ ]) 4
B [v]) 3
C [ ]) 2
D [ ]) 1

166) Which one of the SCR terminals fires the SCR?

A [ ]) Anode
B [ ]) Cathode
C [v]) Gate
D [ ]) All of the above

167) Which of the following devices has the smallest turn-off time?
A [ ]) SCR
B [v]) GTO

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 C [ ]) SCS
D [ ]) LASCR

168) What is the range of the turn-on times in high-power SCR devices?
A [ ]) 30 µs to 100 µs
B [v]) 10 µs to 25 µs
C [ ]) 5 µs to 8 µs
D [ ]) 5 µs to 8µ s

169) For an SCS, a ________ pulse at the anode gate turns the device on, while a ________
pulse will turn it off.
A [v]) negative, positive
B [ ]) positive, negative
C [ ]) negative,negative
D [ ]) positive,positive

170) Which of the following parameters are usually provided by the manufacturer on the
specification sheet for SCRs?
A [ ]) Turn-on time (ton )
B [ ]) Turn-off time (toff )
C [ ]) Junction and case temperatures (tj and tc )

D [v]) All of the above

171) What is the maximum current (rms) rating for commercially available LASCRs today?
A [v]) 3 A
B [ ]) 15 A
C [ ]) 20 A
D [ ]) 25A

172) Which of the following areas is (are) applications of an SCS?

A [ ]) Counters
B [ ]) Pulse generators

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 C [ ]) Voltage sensors
D [v]) All of the above

173) How many terminals does a silicon-controlled switch (SCS) device have?
A [ ]) 2
B [ ]) 3
C [ ]) 5
D [v]) 4

174) Which of the following transistors is an SCR composed of?

A [v]) npn, pnp
B [ ]) npn, npn
C [ ]) pnp, pnp
D [ ]) None of the above

175) A thyristor is a ________-layer semiconductor material device.

A [ ]) 3
B [ ]) 2
C [v]) 4
D [ ]) 5

176) What is the voltage drop across Schottky diodes?

A [v]) 0 V to 0.2 V
B [ ]) 0.7 V to 0.8 V
C [ ]) 0.8 V to 1.0 V
D [ ]) 1.0 V to 1.5 V

177) In which region is the operating point stable in tunnel diodes?

A [ ]) Negative-resistance
B [v]) Positive-resistance
C [ ]) Both negative- and positive-resistance
D [ ]) Neither negative- nor positive-resistance

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178) Which of the following diodes is limited to the reverse-bias region in its region of
operation?
A [ ]) Schottky
B [ ]) Tunnel
C [v]) Photodiode
D [ ]) Rectifier

179) What is the limit of peak current IP in tunnel diodes?

A [v]) A few microamperes to several hundred amperes
B [ ]) A few microamperes to several amperes
C [ ]) A few microamperes to several milliamperes
D [ ]) A few microamperes to several hundred microamperes

180) Which of the following semiconductor materials is (are) used for manufacturing solar
cells?
A [ ]) Gallium arsenide
B [ ]) Indium arsenide
C [ ]) Cadmium sulfide
D [v]) All of the above

181) Which of the following semiconductor materials is (are) used in the manufacturing of
tunnel diodes?
A [ ]) Germanium
B [ ]) Gallium
C [v]) Both germanium and gallium arsenide
D [ ]) Silicon

182) Which of the following materials is (are) used in the manufacturing of thermistors?
A [ ]) Ge
B [ ]) Si
C [ ]) A mixture of oxides of cobalt, nickel, strontium, or manganese
D [v]) All of the above

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183) What is the function of the comparators in the 555 timer circuit?
A [ ]) to compare the output voltages to the internal voltage divider
B [v]) to compare the input voltages to the internal voltage divider
C [ ]) to compare the output voltages to the external voltage divider
D [ ]) to compare the input voltages to the external voltage divider

184) What does the discharge transistor do in the 555 timer circuit?
A [ ]) charge the external capacitor to stop the timing
B [ ]) charge the external capacitor to start the timing over again
C [ ]) discharge the external capacitor to stop the timing
D [v]) discharge the external capacitor to start the timing over again

185) Pulse stretching, time-delay, and pulse generation are all easily accomplished with
which type of multivibrator circuit?
A [ ]) astable
B [v]) monostable
C [ ]) multistable
D [ ]) bistable

186) The internal circuitry of the 555 timer consists of ________, an R-S flip-flop, a
transistor switch, an output buffer amplifier, and a voltage divider.
A [ ]) a comparator
B [ ]) a voltage amplifier
C [v]) two comparators
D [ ]) a peak detector

187) With most monostable multivibrators, what is the Q output when no input trigger has
occurred?
A [v]) LOW
B [ ]) +5 V
C [ ]) SET
D [ ]) HIGH

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188) An astable multivibrator requires:
A [ ]) balanced time constants
B [ ]) a pair of matched transistors
C [v]) no input signal
D [ ]) dual J-K flip-flops

189) The output of the astable circuit ________.

A [v]) constantly switches between two states
B [ ]) is LOW until a trigger is received
C [ ]) is HIGH until a trigger is received
D [ ]) floats until triggered

190) A monostable 555 timer has the following number of stable states:
A [ ]) 0
B [v]) 1
C [ ]) 3
D [ ]) 4

191) To obtain a 50% duty cycle in an astable 555 timer circuit:

A [v]) tLO = tHI
B [ ]) RA = RB and short RB with a diode during the capacitor charging cycle
C [ ]) capacitor voltage must rise above 1/3 VCC
D [ ]) tLO = tHI, RA = RB, and short RB with a diode during the capacitor charging cycle

192) An astable 555 timer has the following number of stable states:
A [v]) 0
B [ ]) 2
C [ ]) 2
D [ ]) 1

193) Which mode of operation is being used when a 555 timer chip has two external
resistors and an external capacitor?

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 A [ ]) monostable
B [ ]) pulse stretching
C [ ]) Schmitt triggering
D [v]) astable

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