VIETNAMATIONAL UNIVERSITY HCMC

INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

BTBC405IU
Fermentation Technology

Nguyen Kim Truc (PhD)

Office: A1.705
Email: nktruc@hcmiu.edu.vn
AY 2020-2021, semester 1
 Lecture 3
Media for industrial fermentation and
sterilization (cont.)
Course schedule BTBC405IU_Fermentation Technology
Sem 1, AY 20/21
Date Week Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
31-Aug 1
7-Sep 2
14-Sep 3
21-Sep 4
28-Sep 5
5-Oct 6
12-Oct 7
19-Oct 8
26-Oct 9
2-Nov 10
Midterm
9-Nov 11
16-Nov 12
23-Nov 13
30-Nov 14
7-Dec 15
14-Dec 16
21-Dec 17
28-Dec 18 Revision
4-Jan 19
Final
11-Jan 20

Lab midterm and final will depend on lab instructor

 Research paper discussion

1) During the batch sterilization, which process is the dominant in

duration?
2) In reference to figure 4,
a) why there is differences in shapes of heating curves?
b) Which factors affect the shapes of curves?
3) What are the differences between batch sterilization and
continuous sterilization?
4) What modification can be made to increase the efficiency for
industrial sterilization?
 Research paper discussion

1) During the batch sterilization, which process is the dominant in

duration?
2) In reference to figure 4,
a) why there is differences in shapes of heating curves?
b) Which factors affect the shapes of curves?
3) What are the differences between batch sterilization and
continuous sterilization?
4) What modification can be made to increase the efficiency for
industrial sterilization?
 Research paper discussion

1) During the batch sterilization, which process is the dominant in

duration?
According to figure 4, falling portion is longer in duration in
comparison to the rising portion.
 Research paper discussion

1) During the batch sterilization, which process is the dominant in

duration?
According to figure 5, rising portion is longer in duration in
comparison to the falling portion.
 Research paper discussion

1) During the batch sterilization, which process is the dominant in

duration?
1) During the batch sterilization, which process is the dominant in
duration? Research paper discussion
2) In reference to figure 4,
a) why there is differences in shapes of heating curves?
b) Which factors affect the shapes of curves?
3) What are the differences between batch sterilization and
continuous sterilization?
4) What modification can be made to increase the efficiency for
industrial sterilization?
Batch sterilization fermentor
Batch sterilization fermentor
1) During the batch sterilization, which process is the dominant in
duration? Research paper discussion
2) In reference to figure 4,
a) why there is differences in shapes of heating curves?
b) Which factors affect the shapes of curves?
3) What are the differences between batch sterilization and
continuous sterilization?
4) What modification can be made to increase the efficiency for
industrial sterilization?
 Research paper discussion

batch sterilization continuous sterilization

Research paper discussion
 Research paper discussion
batch sterilization
- Unsterile medium is put into
fermentor before sterilization
process
- Rising temperature of the
medium depends on heat
transfer coefficient → depends
on vessel size, liquid physical
properties → take longer time
to reach optimal temperature
- Unfavorable nutrient
destruction
continuous sterilization
- Pre-sterile medium is put into
fermentor
- Temperature of passing
medium raise up immediately
→ reach the higher
temperature in a short
duration
- Overcome the unfavorable
nutrient destruction
Research paper discussion
 Life cycle of an endospore-forming bacterium

Sporulation produces resting endospores in preparation for

environmental changes or extremes. In the presence of water and
nutrients, endospores may germinate and re-engage in the
vegetative cycle. DPA is released during stage I germination.
(Adapted from Figure 6, page 78 in Principles of Microbiology 6 th
edition (2001)).
Thermal-death relationship of bacterial spores

• Bacteria spores are the most heat resistant forms of

microorganisms
• The most contaminants encountered in industrial fermentation
are the germinated cells
• Relationships between the number of viable spores and
exposure time to heat demonstrate a logarithmic rate of spore
viability destruction
Thermal-death relationship of bacterial spores
 Thermal-death relationship of bacterial spores

Thermal death time (TDT)

 Thermal-death relationship of bacterial spores

Velocity constant for spores at particular species is function of

temperature only.

In logarithmic form,
Thermal-death relationship of bacterial spores
 Techniques of medium sterilization

1. Irradiation
2. Freezing
3. Shear
4. High frequency sonic vibrations
5. Heating
6. Chemical treatment
7. Microfiltration
 Media sterilization

Effect of contamination on fermentation:

• Medium is consumed by other microorganism → affect the
growth of desired organism & outweigh the desired product.
• Fermentation condition is affected → reduce the productivity
of desired organism
• Desired product is contaminated → interfere the downstream
process
Q&A