A

REPORT ON
STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
OF
SCHOOL BUILDING

OWNER:
SHREE NE. RA. MA. VI. LAGAM

SUBMITTED TO:
Chaukune Gaupalika
Surkhet
2076/10/24 (7th February, 2020)

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 TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

This report describes in brief the Structural Aspects and Design Report of the proposed
School Building at Chaukune-2, Surkhet. The report is to be submitted to Chaukune
Gaupalika as the partial requirement for the application for building construction permit. The
design is based on the assumption that the client will entirely follow the structural design
along with the architectural design requirements and the building construction will be carried
out under the supervision of a professional engineer.

The designer will not be accountable if any alterations to the structural system is made by the
client or the contractor without the prior written permission from the designer, or the
alterations to the non-structural system is made such that the weight of each individual floor
or the weight of the whole building is altered by more than 10% of the design weight of each
floor and the total weight.

The design calculations and the derivations are limited to only a minimum to let the
concerned people know the methodology adopted. However, the calculations may be
provided to the client or the concerned authorities whenever needed upon request.

Designer

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 GENERAL

1.1 INTRODUCTION:
This report summarizes the Structural Design and Analysis of the proposed Business building
at Chaukune-2, Surkhet and is to be submitted to Chaukune Gaupalika as the partial
requirement for the application for building construction permit.
The building will be used for providing educational and academic services from all points of
representation. The building structure will be designed for maximum of 2 story along with
stair cover. The structural design is intended to be based primarily on the current Nepal
Building Code of Practice.

Figure 1 Column Grid Plan with Grid Names and Center Line Dimensions

1.2 SALIENT FEATURES

1.2.1 PROJECT INFORMATION:
Owner: Shree Ne. Ra. Ma. Vi. Lagam
Building Type: Educational Building
Location: Chaukune-2, Surkhet
Plot number:
Plot Area: sq.m
Plinth Area: 219.15 sq.m

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1.2.2 BUILDING STRUCTURE FEATURES:
Building Structure Type: Ductile Moment Resisting RCC Framed Structure
Storey: 2 story along with stair cover
Height of Storey: 3.6 m
Total Height: 10.2 m (including stair cover)

1.2.3 SITE CONDITIONS:

Soil Type: II (for seismic consideration as per NBC 105)
Seismic Zoning Factor: 1.02 (in accordance with NBC 105)
Allowable Bearing Capacity: 150 KN/sq. m (assumed)

1.3 STRUCTURAL SYSTEM FOR THE BUILDINGS

The structural system for the building has been evolved on the basis of various aspects like
functional requirements of the building, durability and life span of building, cost
effectiveness and other design criteria requirements specified by discussions on number of
meetings with client. The building will be designed as a Ductile Moment Resisting Frame
structure in which members and joints are capable of resisting forces primarily by flexure.
The frames will be detailed to provide ductile behavior and comply with the requirements
given in NBC 105.

Element Sizes and Details:

Initially, for the purpose of load calculation following section will be assumed.
Typical floor height is 3.6m and the floor height for the ground floor is 3.6m. The roof floor
height is 3m.
Roof and Floor Slab = 125mm thick
Staircase Waist Slab = 150mm thick
Beams along Longitudinal direction = 230mm x 450mm
Beams along Transverse direction = 230mm x 450mm,
Secondary Beam used in Stairs landing = 230mm x 300mm
Columns = 400mm x 400mm
Wall: A 1 brick (230mm) wall and ½ brick (115mm) parapet wall is used.
 The slab is designed based on IS 456:2000. The longest slab is designed for
uniformity in construction, all the slabs are detailed according to the designed slab.
The slab is designed to meet the deflection criteria for the slab.
 The beam is designed based on IS 456:2000. The beams are assumed to be
rectangular. The beam is preliminarily designed to meet the deflection criteria as well
as the moment requirements for the span.
 The column is preliminarily designed to meet the stiffness criteria for the building.
 The staircase is designed to satisfy the moment requirement as well as the deflection
criteria.
 The Safe Bearing Capacity (SBC) of the soil is taken to be 150 KN/m 2. The depth of
the foundation is taken as 1.5m. It is assumed that the soil below is converted to a
firm base by sufficient compaction through any convenient means or as directed by
the site engineer.
 The design of slabs and staircases are carried out based on the prevailing design
practices, following the codal provisions.

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1.4 Relevant Codes Followed for Design
The main design standards followed for structural design are given below, indicating their
area of application.
For Loading:
NBC101 – Material specifications
NBC102 – Unit weight of materials
NBC103 – Imposed load
For Design of Reinforced Concrete:
NBC105 – Seismic design of buildings in Nepal

1.5 DESIGN BASIS

1.5.1 GENERAL
The reinforced concrete members are designed in accordance with Nepal Building Code.
Other relevant codes as mentioned in the list above were also followed for specific items of
work.
Grade of Concrete and Cover to the Reinforcement:
Considering the nature of soil as observed in site during previous excavation for the site and
the exposure conditions, fire rating, durability requirements etc. mentioned in NBC, the
proposed grade of concrete for column and footing members along with beam and slab
members is M20, and clear cover to reinforcement for various items are as follows:
 Floor and plinth Beams: 25mm
 Columns: 40mm
 Slabs: 20mm
 Footings: 50mm

1.5.2 Materials
Materials used as constituents of concrete shall be as per clause of NBC101. The properties
of hardened concrete shall be as per NBC and other relevant clauses shall be considered. For
53 grade Ordinary Portland Cement conforming to NBC; gain of additional strength beyond
28 days is uncertain and thus age factor as indicated in NBC will not be considered.
1.5.3 Reinforcement
The following types of reinforcement bars shall be used:
1. Thermo-mechanically treated (TMT) bars Conforming to IS: 1786-1985 (fy = 500
MPa)
2. Deformed bar Conforming to IS: 1786-1985 (fy = 500 MPa)
Reinforcement Bars of size 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 16mm, 20mm and 25mm will be used.
Welded wire mesh shall not be used for structural members. Only lapped splices shall be
used.

1.5.4 Admixtures
The concrete slump shall in general be in the range of 75mm and 125mm depending on
reinforcement congestion, ambient temperature and other placement, transporting and
compaction considerations.

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1.5.5 Cement
Use of blast furnace slag cement as per NBC is recommended for all elements of the structure
constructed underground. The superstructure may have OPC cement conforming to NBC.

1.5.6 Structural Dimensioning

In addition to the requirements of loads and stresses, the minimum structural dimensions are
also governed by other considerations like fire resistance, size of aggregates, reinforcement
detailing, etc. Minimum width of beams and columns shall not be less than 230mm from
above requirements. The minimum thickness of any structural element shall conform to NBC.
The minimum thickness of various elements shall also meet the fire resistance requirements
of IS: 8110-Part 1-1985. All the reinforced concrete elements of the building wall be
designed for mild condition of exposure and a fire resistance of 1.5 hours.
The minimum thickness at the tip of strap footings shall be at least 200mm from the point of
view of reinforcement detailing.
The slope at the top of the footings shall not be steeper than 1:1.25 in order to obtain well
compacted concrete throughout the footing.

LOAD CALCULATION
A. DEAD LOAD CALCULATION
1. Unit Weight of materials
Reinforced concrete = 25 KN/m3
Brick masonry = 18.85 KN/m3
Screed = 20.4 KN/m3
Cement Plaster = 20.4 KN/m3
Marble = 26.7 KN/m3
2. Floor Loads
Thickness of structural slab = 0.125 m
Thickness of screed = 0.025 m
Thickness of ceiling plaster = 0.0125 m
Thickness of marble = 0.02 m
Dead Load of structural slab = 3.125 KN/m2
Dead Load of screed = 0.51 KN/m2
Dead Load of cement plaster = 0.255 KN/m2
Dead Load of marble = 0.534 KN/m2
3. Heights of Beams, Walls and Parapet walls
Depth of Beam in Longitudinal direction = 0.300 m
Depth of Beam in Transverse direction = 0.300 m
Height of each storey of building = 3.6 m
Height of parapet wall = 1 m
4. Dead Loads of Walls
Dead load of 230mm thick wall along with plaster = 13.874 KN/m
Dead load of side plaster of exterior wall 25 mm thick = 1.872 KN/m
Dead load of 230mm thick wall with 30% openings = 9.712 KN/m
Dead load of 230mm thick wall with 20% openings = 11.10 KN/m
Dead load of parapet wall 115mm thick = 2.16775 KN/m
Water Tank Load of capacity 1000 Litres is also included on roof.

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  The loads distributed over the area are imposed on area element and that
distributed over length are imposed on line element whenever possible.
 Where such facility is not feasible, equivalent conversion to different loading
distribution is carried to load the Model near the real case as far as possible.
 For lateral load, necessary calculations were performed and checked using
NBC 105:1994.
 Different load combinations based on Nepal National Codes are developed
and used for design purposes.

B. LIVE LOAD CALCULATION

Live load in Class rooms and lecture rooms = 3 KN/m2
Office Room = 2.5 KN/m2
Stair = 4 KN/m2
Floor finish of the structural slab = 1 KN/m2
Passages and Balconies = 4 KN/m2
Roof live load access = 1.5 KN/m2
Roof live load not access = 0.75 KN/m2

TABLE: Load Patterns    

Self Weight
Name Type Multiplier Auto Load
       
Dead Dead 1
Live<=3 Live 0
Live>3 Live 0
Wall Dead 0
Parapet Wall Dead 0
Staircase Dead 0
Floor Finish Dead 0
IS1893
EQx Seismic 0 2002
IS1893
EQy Seismic 0 2002
WT Dead 0

Table 1 Load Pattern Definitions

1.6 Design and Detailing for Seismic Forces

Calculation of Lateral Seismic Load per NBC Code
A three-dimensional modal analysis of the structure will be carried out using a Seismic
Coefficient method. ETABS 2015 software will be used for analysis as well as the design of
beam, column, slab and isolated footings. The software has the capability to calculate seismic

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load as per the NBC specifications. The Seismic lateral loads were used in the combination
from the Self-Generated Load on the Seismic coefficient method. Modal analysis is carried
out using FEM Based three dimensional analyses.
Calculation of Seismic Weight of a frame:
Seismic Weight at any floor level (Wi) = (Total Gravity Loads due to Beam, Column, Slab,
Wall etc. + 25% of Live Load)
Total Seismic Weight of the Frame, Ws = ∑Wi
Seismic weight of each story is calculated by ETABS 2015 on the basis of mass source
parameter in which a factor of 1.00 has been assigned to the dead loads and a factor of 0.25
has been assigned to the live loads having intensity less than or equal to 3 KN/m 2 and a factor
of 0.5 has been assigned to the live loads having intensity more than 3 KN/m 2 on floors
except for the roof on which no live load will be considered for seismic load calculation as
per codal provision.

Seismic Weight of the Building W = 5288.9276 KN

Base Shear Calculation:
As Per NBC 105:
Total Horizontal Base Shear V= Cd  W
Where, Cd = CZIK
Where,
Basic Shear Factor (C) = According to time period of vibration and Soil type
Seismic Zoning Factor (Z) = For Birendranagar Municipality
Importance Factor (I) = According to the type of building
Performance Factor (K) = for the moment resisting frame
Total Horizontal Base shear Vx = Vy = 647.3647 KN
Distribution of design seismic force:
Fi = Design Seismic Force at floor Level I
Wi = seismic wt. at ith floor level
hi = height of floor i measured from base
According to NBC 105:1994
Height of building (h) = 10.2 m
Soil type = II
Time period (T) = 0.075  H0.75
= 0.429 Sec
C = 0.08 (from Fig 8.1 of NBC105:1994)
Z = 1.02 (for Birendranagar Municipality, Fig 8.2 of
NBC105:1994)
I = 1.5 (for Educational Building., Table 8.1 of NBC105:1994)

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 K = 1.00 (for Ductile Moment resisting Frame, Table 8.2 of
NBC105:1994)
Cd = CZIK
= 0.1224

Seismic Details of Building

Seismic Zone V Table 2 IS 1893 2002 pg 16

Seismic Intensity z 0.36

Importance factor I 1.5 Table 6 IS 1893 2002 pg 18

Response Reduction Factor R 5 Table 7 IS 1893 2002 pg 23

Lateral Dimension of Building d 8.65 meters

Height of the of Building h 10.2 meters

with brick infill

Fundamental Natural Period Ta 0.312

Type of Soil Medium Soil

Spectral Acceleration Coefficient Sa/g 2.500

Design Horizontal Seismic

Coefficient Ah 0.135

Seismic Weight of Building W 5288.928 KN

Design Seismic Base Shear VB 714.0052 KN

1.6.1 Methodology
The design base shear is computed by ETABS 2015 in accordance with the NBC code. The
structure is analyzed for full finite element. Beams and columns are modeled as frame (line)
elements and all floor slabs are modeled as Shell (Area) elements with sufficient and
appropriate meshing. Modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio for used material i.e. M20 and
M25 grade concrete (as per Indian Specification) are taken accordingly and section properties
used are based on Preliminary section sizing with consideration for deflection, minimum size
specified and serviceability. Computation for stiffness as a whole is carried out using FEM
based latest software.
Full Modal Analysis is carried out ensuring that more than 95% seismic mass participation
and it is applied for lateral seismic force distribution that generated with NBC 105 based
Spectral Function for Soil Type-II. For Section Design and Check, suitable load combinations
as suggested in NBC105:1994 and if not covered in that, IS 1893-2002 is referred with
consideration of Envelopes of internal forces developed. Foundation design is carried out in
accordance with the results obtained by ETABS for satisfying strength and stability
requirements.

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The design of the structural components such as beams and columns in the building are
carried out using the results and analysis for critical responses from ETABS 2015 and
checked with manual calculations and design. The foundation design is carried out based on
the base reactions obtained from the software with necessary adjustments.

TABLE: Mass Source                

Include Include Include Include Include Lump at Load
Name Elements Added Mass Loads Lateral Vertical Stories IsDefault Pattern Multiplier
                   
MsSrc1 No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Dead 1
MsSrc1 No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Live<=3 0.25
MsSrc1 No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Live>3 0.5
MsSrc1 No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Wall 1
Parapet
MsSrc1 No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Wall 1
MsSrc1 No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Staircase 1
Floor
MsSrc1 No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Finish 1
MsSrc1 No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes WT 1

Table 2 Mass Source

The seismic weight and base shear generated by ETABS2015 is shown below:
SN Load Type Top Story Bottom Seismic Base
Pattern Story Wt. (KN) Shear
(KN)
1. EQx Seismic Roof Base 4873.1359 614.0151
2. EQy Seismic Roof Base 4873.1359 614.0151
Table 3 Seismic Weight and Base Shear (Results from ETABS)

1.7 Load Cases and Combinations used for analysis

Following Load combinations are to be used as per clause 4.5 of NBC 105:
1. 1.5*DL + 1.5*LL
2. DL + 1.3LL ± 1.25EQ
3. DL ± 1.25EQ
4. 0.9DL ± 1.5EQ
25% of LL as reduced live load RLL is to be considered when combined with EQ Load.
Similarly, earthquake load is to be considered in two horizontal directions X and Y and in
each direction, the load will be reversible, i.e. in ±X and ±Y directions.

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1.8 Control of Deflection
In order to control deflection of structural elements, the criteria given in clause 23.2 of IS
456:2000 is proposed to be used.
To control overall deformation due to earthquake load, the criteria given in clause 7.11 of IS
1893:2002 is applied.
Maximum vertical deflection in all components that resulted under vertical load of combined
effect of self, imposed dead and live load are checked for every element and maintained to be
within permissible limit. Short-term elastic deflection and long-term deflection due to
shrinkage and creep due to sustained loads also are maintained within permissible limits for
all the elements.
Effect of lateral load due to seismic force is analyzed using self-generated seismic load
compatible with Codal provision. The distribution of lateral force at different parts of the
structure is done based on the response under unit force. Using Complete Quadratic
Combination (CQC) method of modal combination combines the deformations, and related
forces reported.
1.9 Control of Cracking
In order to avoid excessive cracking in the flexural members, maximum diameter and spacing
of the reinforcement is restricted as per the detailing rules indicated in clause 26.0 IS: 456-
2000.
1.10 Masonry Walls
Masonry walls have been treated as non-structural infill panels. Therefore, the structural
safety of these walls is ensured by treating them as one way / two-way slab panels spanning
between adjoining beams and columns. These walls are designed as un-reinforced masonry as
per IS: 1905-1987 and IS: 4326-1993.
While external walls are provided with shear connector reinforcement on the underside of
upper beams and sides of columns the internal partition walls are connected to roof slabs
using dry packing mortar between top of walls and soffit of slab / beam.

1.11 Design procedure

 Adopt initial size of members on the basis of Architectural and serviceability
requirement.
 Analyze the structure in design load.
 Conform the section on deflection criteria.
 Design for stresses
 Conform with construction criteria
1.12 Recommendations
 Materials used shall confirm minimum standard specified before use. Primarily the
cement, aggregate, sand and steel shall be used that confirms to NS or IS standard.
 Batching, mixing, placing and curing of concrete and steel fabrication and placing
shall be done as per standard practice.
 Construction safety shall be well planned and implemented.

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 ANALYSIS PART
2.1 Design Software
A three-dimensional analysis of the structure was carried out using a Seismic Coefficient
method. ETABS2015 software was used for analysis of the model as well as the design of
beam, column, slab element and foundation.
2.2 Output data results
Some of the important sample output data are presented below:

TABLE: Base Reactions                

Load
Case/Combo FX FY FZ MX MY MZ X Y Z
  kN kN kN kN-m kN-m kN-m m m m
-
Dead 0 0 2882.8206 12684.6796 34593.8471 0 0 0 0
Live 0 0 586.425 3062.2734 -7037.1 0 0 0 0
Live>3 0 0 367.2 702.27 -4406.4 0 0 0 0
-
Wall 0 0 1203.3628 6751.7896 14440.3536 0 0 0 0
Partition Wall 0 0 229.5951 788.0365 -2755.1418 0 0 0 0
Staircase 0 0 154.4 963.07 -1852.8 0 0 0 0
Floor Finish 0 0 478.5428 2032.7864 -5742.5136 0 0 0 0
-
EQx 614.0151 0 0 0 -3802.2192 3008.5343 0 0 0
-
EQy 0 614.0151 0 3802.2192 0 -7754.9519 0 0 0
WT 0 0 10 62.375 -120 0 0 0 0
1.5(DL+LL) 0 0 8868.5195 40570.9207 -106422 0 0 0 0
- -
DL+1.3LL+1.25EQx 767.5189 0 6198.4338 28176.6435 79133.9802 3760.6679 0 0 0
-
DL+1.3LL-1.25EQx 767.5189 0 6198.4338 28176.6435 69628.4321 -3760.6679 0 0 0
- -
DL+1.3LL+1.25EQy 0 767.5189 6198.4338 32929.4175 74381.2061 -9693.6899 0 0 0
-
DL+1.3LL-1.25EQy 0 767.5189 6198.4338 23423.8694 74381.2061 9693.6899 0 0 0
- -
DL+1.25EQx 767.5189 0 4958.7213 23282.737 64257.4302 3760.6679 0 0 0
-
DL-1.25EQx 767.5189 0 4958.7213 23282.737 54751.8821 -3760.6679 0 0 0
- -
DL+1.25EQy 0 767.5189 4958.7213 28035.511 59504.6561 -9693.6899 0 0 0
-
DL-1.25EQy 0 767.5189 4958.7213 18529.963 59504.6561 9693.6899 0 0 0
- -
0.9DL+1.5EQx 921.0227 0 4462.8492 20954.4633 59257.5194 4512.8015 0 0 0
-
0.9DL-1.5EQx 921.0227 0 4453.8492 20898.3258 47742.8617 -4512.8015 0 0 0

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 - - -
0.9DL+1.5EQy 0 921.0227 4462.8492 26657.7922 53554.1905 11632.4278 0 0 0
-
0.9DL-1.5EQy 0 921.0227 4462.8492 15251.1345 53554.1905 11632.4278 0 0 0
-
Envelope Max 921.0227 921.0227 8868.5195 40570.9207 47742.8617 11632.4278 0 0 0
- - -
Envelope Min 921.0227 921.0227 4453.8492 15251.1345 -106422 11632.4278 0 0 0

TABLE: Joint Reactions        

Story Joint Label Grid Name Load Case/Combo FZ MX MY
        kN kN-m kN-m
Ground 3 A1 1.5(DL+LL) 324.0864 14.3643 13.8666
Ground 6 A2 1.5(DL+LL) 508.8704 19.9887 -0.7484
Ground 9 A3 1.5(DL+LL) 618.4866 18.2427 -4.2588
Ground 12 A4 1.5(DL+LL) 618.4886 18.2427 4.2588
Ground 15 A5 1.5(DL+LL) 508.8704 19.9887 0.7484
Ground 18 A6 1.5(DL+LL) 324.0864 14.3643 -13.8666
Ground 2 B1 1.5(DL+LL) 473.6763 -7.7127 18.969
Ground 5 B2 1.5(DL+LL) 741.756 -9.3201 -0.4938
Ground 8 B3 1.5(DL+LL) 807.6117 -9.3871 -8.498
Ground 11 B4 1.5(DL+LL) 807.6117 -9.3871 8.498
Ground 14 B5 1.5(DL+LL) 741.756 -9.3201 0.4938
Ground 17 B6 1.5(DL+LL) 473.6763 -7.7127 -18.969
Ground 1 C1 1.5(DL+LL) 245.8474 -9.2822 9.5289
Ground 4 C2 1.5(DL+LL) 378.501 -12.8016 -0.6194
Ground 7 C3 1.5(DL+LL) 335.4221 -11.7773 -3.2433
Ground 10 C4 1.5(DL+LL) 335.4221 -11.7773 3.2433
Ground 13 C5 1.5(DL+LL) 378.501 -12.8016 0.6194
Ground 16 C6 1.5(DL+LL) 245.8474 -9.2822 -9.5289

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 Beam BM along grid B-B

Beam SF along grid B-B

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LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT

Elevation View C:

Elevation View B:

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Elevation View A:

Elevation View 6:

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Elevation View 5:

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Elevation View 4:

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Elevation View 3:

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Elevation View 2:

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Elevation View 1:

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 Story Response - Maximum Story Displacement
Summary Description

This is story response output for a specified range of stories and a selected load case or load combination.

Input Data

Name StoryResp1

Display Type Max story displ Story Range All Stories

Load Case EQx Top Story Roof

Output Type Not Applicable Bottom Story Ground Floor

Plot

Tabulated Plot Coordinates

Story Response Values

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 Story Elevation Location X-Dir Y-Dir
m mm mm
Roof 10.2 Top 10.514 0.19
Second Floor 7.2 Top 9.768 1.088
First Floor 3.6 Top 4.804 0.545
Ground Floor 0 Top 0 0

Story Response - Maximum Story Displacement

Summary Description

This is story response output for a specified range of stories and a selected load case or load combination.

Input Data

Name StoryResp1

Display Type Max story displ Story Range All Stories

Load Case EQy Top Story Roof

Output Type Not Applicable Bottom Story Ground Floor

Plot

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Tabulated Plot Coordinates

Story Response Values

Story Elevation Location X-Dir Y-Dir
m mm mm
Roof 10.2 Top 0.359 10.832
Second Floor 7.2 Top 0.379 10.674
First Floor 3.6 Top 0.189 5.2
Ground Floor 0 Top 0 0

Load
S.N. Case Story Elevation Location X-Dir Y-Dir Max. Permissible Remarks

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 m mm mm D=0.004xHx1000mm a/c NBC
1 EQx Roof 10.2 Top 10.514 0.19 40.8 OK
Second
2 EQx Floor 7.2 Top 9.768 1.088 40.8 OK
First
3 EQx Floor 3.6 Top 4.804 0.545 40.8 OK
Ground
4 EQx Floor 0 Top 0 0 40.8 OK
5 EQy Roof 10.2 Top 0.359 10.832 40.8 OK
Second
6 EQy Floor 7.2 Top 0.379 10.674 40.8 OK
First
7 EQy Floor 3.6 Top 0.189 5.2 40.8 OK
Ground
8 EQy Floor 0 Top 0 0 40.8 OK

Story Displacement Values:

Hence, the structure is safe under lateral displacement check.

Story Response - Maximum Story Drifts

Summary Description

This is story response output for a specified range of stories and a selected load case or load combination.

Input Data

Name StoryResp1

Display Type Max story drifts Story Range All Stories

Load Case EQx Top Story Roof

Output Type Not Applicable Bottom Story Ground Floor

Plot

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Tabulated Plot Coordinates

Story Response Values

Story Elevation Location X-Dir Y-Dir
m
Roof 10.2 Top 0.000266 0.000006
Second Floor 7.2 Top 0.001379 0.000151
First Floor 3.6 Top 0.001327 0.000144
Ground Floor 0 Top 0 0

Story Response - Maximum Story Drifts

Summary Description

This is story response output for a specified range of stories and a selected load case or load combination.

Input Data

Name StoryResp1

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Display Type Max story drifts Story Range All Stories

Load Case EQy Top Story Roof

Output Type Not Applicable Bottom Story Ground Floor

Plot

Tabulated Plot Coordinates

Story Response Values

Story Elevation Location X-Dir Y-Dir
m
Roof 10.2 Top 0.000008 0.000316
Second Floor 7.2 Top 0.000053 0.00152
First Floor 3.6 Top 0.000046 0.001438
Ground Floor 0 Top 0 0

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Story Drift Values:
Story Elevation Location X-Dir Y-Dir Max. Permissible Remarks
a/c codal
m mm mm 0.004 provisions
X- Direction
Roof 10.2 Top 0.000266 0.000006 0.004 OK
Second
Floor 7.2 Top 0.001379 0.000151 0.004 OK
First Floor 3.6 Top 0.001327 0.000144 0.004 OK
Ground
Floor 0 Top 0 0 0.004 OK
Y Direction
Roof 10.2 Top 0.000008 0.000316 0.004 OK
Second
Floor 7.2 Top 0.000053 0.00152 0.004 OK
First Floor 3.6 Top 0.000046 0.001438 0.004 OK
Ground
Floor 0 Top 0 0 0.004 OK

ETABS 2015 Concrete Frame Design

IS 456:2000 Column Section Design

Column Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary)

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF
First Floor C16 16 C1-400X400 0.9DL+1.5EQy 0 3600 0.858

Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm) Cover (Torsion) (mm)
400 400 60.5 30

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360.68 20 1 500 500

Design Code Parameters

ɣC ɣS
1.5 1.15

28 | P a g e
 Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Design For Pu , Mu2 , Mu3
Design Pu Design Mu2 Design Mu3 Minimum M2 Minimum M3 Rebar Area Rebar %
kN kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m mm² %
38.1365 114.9231 6.2072 0.7627 0.7627 1970 1.23

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Factors

K Factor Length Initial Moment Additional Moment Minimum Moment
Unitless mm kN-m kN-m kN-m
Major Bend(M3) 0.76717 3150 2.4829 0 0.7627
Minor Bend(M2) 0.753178 3150 52.6766 0 0.7627

Shear Design for Vu2 , Vu3

Shear Vu Shear Vc Shear Vs Shear Vp Rebar Asv /s
kN kN kN kN mm²/m
Major, Vu2 49.1793 77.6633 54.3195 49.1793 443.37
Minor, Vu3 56.2003 77.6633 54.3195 56.2003 443.37

Joint Shear Check/Design

Joint Shear Shear Shear Shear Joint Shear
Force VTop Vu,Tot Vc Area Ratio
kN kN kN kN cm² Unitless
Major Shear, Vu2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Minor Shear, Vu3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

(1.1) Beam/Column Capacity Ratio

Major Ratio Minor Ratio
N/A N/A

Additional Moment Reduction Factor k (IS 39.7.1.1)

Ag Asc Puz Pb Pu k
cm² cm² kN kN kN Unitless
1600 19.7 2178.911 594.9702 38.1365 1

Additional Moment (IS 39.7.1)

Consider Length Section KL/Depth KL/Depth KL/Depth Ma
Ma Factor Depth (mm) Ratio Limit Exceeded Moment (kN-m)
Major Bending (M3 ) Yes 0.875 400 6.041 12 No 0
Minor Bending (M2 ) Yes 0.875 400 5.931 12 No 0

Notes:

N/A: Not Applicable

N/C: Not Calculated

N/N: Not Needed

ETABS 2015 Concrete Frame Design

29 | P a g e
 IS 456:2000 Beam Section Design

Beam Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary)

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF
First Floor B22 40 Beam 230x450 DL+1.3LL-1.25EQx 200 5000 1

Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) bf (mm) ds (mm) dct (mm) dcb (mm)
230 450 230 0 25 25

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360.68 20 1 500 500

Design Code Parameters

ɣC ɣS
1.5 1.15

Factored Forces and Moments

Factored Factored Factored Factored
Mu3 Tu Vu2 Pu
kN-m kN-m kN kN
-110.0845 0.4943 98.5651 1.3641

Design Moments, Mu3 & Mt

Factored Factored Positive Negative
Moment Mt Moment Moment
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
-110.0845 0.8597 0 -110.9442

Design Moment and Flexural Reinforcement for Moment, Mu3 & Tu

Design Design -Moment +Moment Minimum Required
-Moment +Moment Rebar Rebar Rebar Rebar
kN-m kN-m mm² mm² mm² mm²
Top (+2 Axis) -110.9442 742 0 742 222
Bottom (-2 Axis) 0 371 0 4 371

Shear Force and Reinforcement for Shear, Vu2 & Tu

Shear Ve Shear Vc Shear Vs Shear Vp Rebar Asv /s
kN kN kN kN mm²/m
125.479 55.0629 73.8549 53.507 481.55

Torsion Force and Torsion Reinforcement for Torsion, Tu & VU2

30 | P a g e
 Tu Vu Core b1 Core d1 Rebar Asvt /s
kN-m kN mm mm mm²/m
0.4943 98.5651 200 420 306.06

Isolated Footing F1
             
             
1 Footing Size Design          
             
  Load Pu 808 KN      
  Design Load P 593 KN      
             
  Moment in x dir Mux 0 KN-m      
  Moment in y dir Muy 0 KN-m      
             
  Column size cx 400 mm      
    cy 400 mm      
             
  SBC q 150 KN/sqm      
             
  Footing Size required A req 3.95 sqmm      
             
  L 2.00 meters  
Footing Size Provided
  B 2.00 meters      
  Area Provided A prvd 4.00 meters      
             
    Zx 1.33      
    Zx 1.33      
             
  Net upward pressure Nup 148 KNm2      
             
    Footing Size OK      
             
             
             
2 Slab Design          
    lx 0.800      
    ly 0.800      
             
  Bending Moment in x dir Mx 71 KN-m      
  Bending Moment in y dir My 71 KN-m      
             
  Concrete fck 25 MPa      
  Steel fy 415 MPa      
             
  Minimum Depth Required dmin 144      
             
  Depth Provided D 350 mm      
  Clear Cover c 50 mm      
  Effective Cover d' 56 mm      

31 | P a g e
   Effective Depth d' 294 mm      
             
  Spacing c/c in mm    
Area of Steel
  12# 16# 20#    
  697 sqmm 162 c/c 288 c/c 450 c/c    
  697 sqmm 162 c/c 288 c/c 450 c/c    
           
           
             
  Ast across x direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm  
  Ast across y direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm  
             
             
             
3 One Way Shear along x direction        
             
    Vu1 225 KN      
    ζv 0.382 MPa      
             
    ζc 0.390 MPa      
    Vc1 229 KN      
             
    One Way Shear Check OK      
             
4 One Way Shear along y direction        
             
    Vu1 225 KN      
    ζv 0.382 MPa      
             
    ζc 0.390 MPa      
    Vc1 229 KN      
             
    One Way Shear Check OK      
             
             
5 Two Way Shear          
    Vu2 782 KN      
    ζv 0.958 MPa      
             
    ks*ζc 1.250 MPa      
    Vc1 1020 KN      
             
    Two Way Shear Check OK      
             

                 
width 1000 mm       width 1000 mm    
Mulim/bd2 Mulim       Mulim/bd2 Mulim    
298 KN- 298 KN-
3.45 m       3.45 m    
                 
                 
Section Section
xumax/d xumax Rumax Check   xumax/d xumax Rumax Check

32 | P a g e
 0.48 141 0.138 7.8   0.48 141 0.138 7.8
                 
SRB         SRB      
a 0.6023       a 0.6023    
b -3.6105       b -3.6105    
c 0.8226       c 0.8226    
-p 0.2372       -p 0.2372    
Ast 697       Ast 697    
                 
                 
Min steel Min steel
% 0.205       % 0.205    
Ast 697       Ast 697    
                 
                 
Min Steel 353       Min Steel 353    
Max Max
Steel 11760       Steel 11760    
                 
Ast 697       Ast 697    
                 
Pt Pt
provided 0.2372       provided 0.2372    
β 12.236       β 12.236    
                 
                 
ks trial 1.5       ks trial 1.5    
ks 1       ks 1    

33 | P a g e
 Isolated Footing F2
             
             
1 Footing Size Design          
             
  Load Pu 619 KN      
  Design Load P 454 KN      
             
  Moment in x dir Mux 0 KN-m      
  Moment in y dir Muy 0 KN-m      
             
  Column size cx 400 mm      
    cy 400 mm      
             
  SBC q 150 KN/sqm      

34 | P a g e
              
  Footing Size required A req 3.03 sqmm      
             
  L 1.80 meters  
Footing Size Provided
  B 1.80 meters      
  Area Provided A prvd 3.24 meters      
             
    Zx 0.97      
    Zx 0.97      
             
  Net upward pressure Nup 140 KNm2      
             
    Footing Size OK      
             
             
             
2 Slab Design          
    lx 0.700      
    ly 0.700      
             
  Bending Moment in x dir Mx 51 KN-m      
  Bending Moment in y dir My 51 KN-m      
             
  Concrete fck 25 MPa      
  Steel fy 415 MPa      
             
  Minimum Depth Required dmin 122      
             
  Depth Provided D 350 mm      
  Clear Cover c 50 mm      
  Effective Cover d' 56 mm      
  Effective Depth d' 294 mm      
             
  Spacing c/c in mm    
Area of Steel
  12# 16# 20#    
  499 sqmm 227 c/c 403 c/c 629 c/c    
  499 sqmm 227 c/c 403 c/c 629 c/c    
           
           
             
  Ast across x direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm  
  Ast across y direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm  
             
             
             
3 One Way Shear along x direction        
             
    Vu1 154 KN      
    ζv 0.290 MPa      
             
    ζc 0.330 MPa      
    Vc1 175 KN      
             
    One Way Shear Check OK      

35 | P a g e
              
4 One Way Shear along y direction        
             
    Vu1 154 KN      
    ζv 0.290 MPa      
             
    ζc 0.330 MPa      
    Vc1 175 KN      
             
    One Way Shear Check OK      
             
             
5 Two Way Shear          
    Vu2 580 KN      
    ζv 0.710 MPa      
             
    ks*ζc 1.250 MPa      
    Vc1 1020 KN      
             
    Two Way Shear Check OK      
             

                 
width 1000 mm       width 1000 mm    
Mulim/bd2 Mulim       Mulim/bd2 Mulim    
298 KN- 298 KN-
3.45 m       3.45 m    
                 
                 
Section Section
xumax/d xumax Rumax Check   xumax/d xumax Rumax Check
0.48 141 0.138 7.8   0.48 141 0.138 7.8
                 
SRB         SRB      
a 0.6023       a 0.6023    
b -3.6105       b -3.6105    
c 0.5957       c 0.5957    
-p 0.1698       -p 0.1698    
Ast 499       Ast 499    
                 
                 
Min steel Min steel
% 0.205       % 0.205    
Ast 499       Ast 499    
                 
                 
Min Steel 353       Min Steel 353    
Max Max
Steel 11760       Steel 11760    
                 
Ast 499       Ast 499    
                 
Pt Pt
provided 0.1698       provided 0.1698    
β 17.096       β 17.096    

36 | P a g e
                  
                 
ks trial 1.5       ks trial 1.5    
ks 1       ks 1    

Isolated Footing F3
             
             
1 Footing Size Design          
             
  Load Pu 509 KN      
  Design Load P 373 KN      
             

37 | P a g e
   Moment in x dir Mux 0 KN-m      
  Moment in y dir Muy 0 KN-m      
             
  Column size cx 400 mm      
    cy 400 mm      
             
  SBC q 150 KN/sqm      
             
  Footing Size required A req 2.49 sqmm      
             
  L 1.60 meters  
Footing Size Provided
  B 1.60 meters      
  Area Provided A prvd 2.56 meters      
             
    Zx 0.68      
    Zx 0.68      
             
  Net upward pressure Nup 146 KNm2      
             
    Footing Size OK      
             
             
             
2 Slab Design          
    lx 0.600      
    ly 0.600      
             
  Bending Moment in x dir Mx 39 KN-m      
  Bending Moment in y dir My 39 KN-m      
             
  Concrete fck 25 MPa      
  Steel fy 415 MPa      
             
  Minimum Depth Required dmin 107      
             
  Depth Provided D 350 mm      
  Clear Cover c 50 mm      
  Effective Cover d' 56 mm      
  Effective Depth d' 294 mm      
             
  Spacing c/c in mm    
Area of Steel
  12# 16# 20#    
  379 sqmm 298 c/c 530 c/c 829 c/c    
  379 sqmm 298 c/c 530 c/c 829 c/c    
           
           
             
  Ast across x direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm  
  Ast across y direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm  
             
             
             
3 One Way Shear along x direction        
             

38 | P a g e
     Vu1 107 KN      
    ζv 0.228 MPa      
             
    ζc 0.330 MPa      
    Vc1 155 KN      
             
    One Way Shear Check OK      
             
4 One Way Shear along y direction        
             
    Vu1 107 KN      
    ζv 0.228 MPa      
             
    ζc 0.330 MPa      
    Vc1 155 KN      
             
    One Way Shear Check OK      
             
             
5 Two Way Shear          
    Vu2 455 KN      
    ζv 0.557 MPa      
             
    ks*ζc 1.250 MPa      
    Vc1 1020 KN      
             
    Two Way Shear Check OK      
             

                 
width 1000 mm       width 1000 mm    
Mulim/bd2 Mulim       Mulim/bd2 Mulim    
298 KN- 298 KN-
3.45 m       3.45 m    
                 
                 
Section Section
xumax/d xumax Rumax Check   xumax/d xumax Rumax Check
0.48 141 0.138 7.8   0.48 141 0.138 7.8
                 
SRB         SRB      
a 0.6023       a 0.6023    
b -3.6105       b -3.6105    
c 0.4555       c 0.4555    
-p 0.1289       -p 0.1289    
Ast 379       Ast 379    
                 
                 
Min steel Min steel
% 0.205       % 0.205    
Ast 379       Ast 379    
                 
                 
Min Steel 353       Min Steel 353    
Max 11760       Max 11760    

39 | P a g e
 Steel Steel
                 
Ast 379       Ast 379    
                 
Pt Pt
provided 0.1289       provided 0.1289    
β 22.516       β 22.516    
                 
                 
ks trial 1.5       ks trial 1.5    
ks 1       ks 1    

Isolated Footing F4
             

40 | P a g e
              
1 Footing Size Design          
             
  Load Pu 379 KN      
  Design Load P 278 KN      
             
  Moment in x dir Mux 0 KN-m      
  Moment in y dir Muy 0 KN-m      
             
  Column size cx 400 mm      
    cy 400 mm      
             
  SBC q 150 KN/sqm      
             
  Footing Size required A req 1.85 sqmm      
             
  L 1.50 meters  
Footing Size Provided
  B 1.50 meters      
  Area Provided A prvd 2.25 meters      
             
    Zx 0.56      
    Zx 0.56      
             
  Net upward pressure Nup 124 KNm2      
             
    Footing Size OK      
             
             
             
2 Slab Design          
    lx 0.550      
    ly 0.550      
             
  Bending Moment in x dir Mx 28 KN-m      
  Bending Moment in y dir My 28 KN-m      
             
  Concrete fck 25 MPa      
  Steel fy 415 MPa      
             
  Minimum Depth Required dmin 90      
             
  Depth Provided D 350 mm      
  Clear Cover c 50 mm      
  Effective Cover d' 56 mm      
  Effective Depth d' 294 mm      
             
  Spacing c/c in mm    
Area of Steel
  12# 16# 20#    
  353 sqmm 321 c/c 570 c/c 890 c/c    
  353 sqmm 321 c/c 570 c/c 890 c/c    
  Minimum Ast required across x direcion        
  Minimum Ast required across y direcion        
             
  Ast across x direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm  

41 | P a g e
   Ast across y direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm  
             
             
             
3 One Way Shear along x direction        
             
    Vu1 71 KN      
    ζv 0.161 MPa      
             
    ζc 0.330 MPa      
    Vc1 146 KN      
             
    One Way Shear Check OK      
             
4 One Way Shear along y direction        
             
    Vu1 71 KN      
    ζv 0.161 MPa      
             
    ζc 0.330 MPa      
    Vc1 146 KN      
             
    One Way Shear Check OK      
             
             
5 Two Way Shear          
    Vu2 328 KN      
    ζv 0.401 MPa      
             
    ks*ζc 1.250 MPa      
    Vc1 1020 KN      
             
    Two Way Shear Check OK      
             

                 
width 1000 mm       width 1000 mm    
Mulim/bd2 Mulim       Mulim/bd2 Mulim    
298 KN- 298 KN-
3.45 m       3.45 m    
                 
                 
Section Section
xumax/d xumax Rumax Check   xumax/d xumax Rumax Check
0.48 141 0.138 7.8   0.48 141 0.138 7.8
                 
SRB         SRB      
a 0.6023       a 0.6023    
b -3.6105       b -3.6105    
c 0.3242       c 0.3242    
-p 0.0912       -p 0.0912    
Ast 268       Ast 268    
                 

42 | P a g e
                  
Min steel Min steel
% 0.205       % 0.205    
Ast 268       Ast 268    
                 
                 
Min Steel 353       Min Steel 353    
Max Max
Steel 11760       Steel 11760    
                 
Ast 353       Ast 353    
                 
Pt Pt
provided 0.1200       provided 0.1200    
β 24.190       β 24.190    
                 
                 
ks trial 1.5       ks trial 1.5    
ks 1       ks 1    

43 | P a g e
 RESULTS FROM ETABS DESIGN RESULTS
Footing Size(in Thickness(in
No. P(Factored)(KN) m) mm) Reinforcement
F4@grid 12mm dia. @150mm
A1 325 1.5X1.5 350 c/c
F3@grid 12mm dia. @150mm
A2 509 1.6x1.6 350 c/c
F2@grid 12mm dia. @150mm
A3 619 1.8x1.8 350 c/c
F2@grid 12mm dia. @150mm
A4 619 1.8x1.8 350 c/c
F3@grid 12mm dia. @150mm
A5 509 1.6x1.6 350 c/c

44 | P a g e
F4@grid 12mm dia. @150mm
A6 325 1.5x1.5 350 c/c
F3@grid 474 1.6x1.6 350 12mm dia. @150mm
B1 c/c
F1@grid 742 2.0x2.0 350 12mm dia. @150mm
B2 c/c
F1@grid 808 2.0x2.0 350 12mm dia. @150mm
B3 c/c
F1@grid 808 2.0x2.0 350 12mm dia. @150mm
B4 c/c
F1@grid 742 2.0x2.0 350 12mm dia. @150mm
B5 c/c
F3@grid 474 1.6x16 350 12mm dia. @150mm
B6 c/c
F4@grid 246 1.5x1.5 350 12mm dia. @150mm
C1 c/c
F4@grid 379 1.5x1.5 350 12mm dia. @150mm
C2 c/c
F4@grid 336 1.5x1.5 350 12mm dia. @150mm
C3 c/c
F4@grid 336 1.5x1.5 350 12mm dia. @150mm
C4 c/c
F4@grid 379 1.5x1.5 350 12mm dia. @150mm
C5 c/c
F4@grid 246 1.5x1.5 350 12mm dia. @150mm
C6 c/c

Slab Design

 
Slab
t 125 mm Sunken Depth 0 mm
  thickness  
  Concrete fck 20 MPa
  Steel fy 500 MPa          
       
  Loading    
Sunken Slab
  Slab Load       Load    
Dead 3.125
DL 3.125 KN/m DL
  Dead Load     Load KN/m  
Filler 0
LL 3.500 KN/m FL
  Live Load   Load KN/m  
Live 3.5
WL 1.000 KN/m LL
  Finishes Load   Load KN/m  
Finishes 1.0
Ws 7.625 KN/m WL
  Total Load   Load KN/m  
Factored Total 7.63
Wsu 11 KN/m Wsk
  Load   Load KN/m  

45 | P a g e
 Factored 11
Wsku
    Load KN/m  
 
                   
  Slab Data                
  Slab Type Regular              
  Load 11 KN/m              
Longer Span
  5.00 m       ly/lx ratio 1.31    
(ly)
Shorter Span Slab
  (lx)
3.83 m
      type +    

                   
                   
Loading on
  edges one way two way          
18 .=(w*lx/2) + (1-
Wlonger
  KN/m .=w*lx/2 (1/3)*(lx/ly)2)          
15
Wshorter
  KN/m   .=w*lx/3          
                   
  Moments one way two way          
13 KN-
  Mx m          
.=w*lx2/ 8 .=αx * w*lx2
  My 9 KN-m   .=αy * w*lx 2
         
                   
Thickness
OK
  Check .=Mulim > Mux or Muy          
.=
Deflection 26 mm 5*W*l4/(384EI
  )            
                   
Refer Chart 4 SP 16
  Astx Asty pg 21     or    
Area of Steel 315
216 sqmm Refer Table 5-44 SP
  sqmm 16 pg 51-80          
                   
  Spacing required in mm              
  8# 10# 12# 16#  
  x y x y x y x x  
359 639 929
160 c/c 232 c/c 250 c/c 363 c/c 523 c/c
  c/c c/c c/c  
.=ast of
bar*1000/ast              
  req  
                   
  x y      
Final Ast
provided 10mm dia @150mm
10mm dia @150mm c/c
  c/c      
                   

                       
Design
  Calculations                  

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ONE
    TWO WAY  
  WAY          
. .
a 1.09 =(0.87435/100) a 1.09 =(0.87435/1
  * (fy/fck)2     00) * (fy/fck)2      
-
b -4.350 .=(0.87/100) * b 4.35 .=(0.87/100)
  (fy)     0 * (fy)      
0.85
cx 1.206 cy
  .=Mu/bd2     0 .=Mu/bd2      
.=-(b±√(b2- 0.20 .=-(b±√(b2-
-px 0.300 -py
  4ac))/2a     6 4ac))/2a      
.
Ast 315 Ast 216
  .=(p*b*d)/100     =(p*b*d)/100      
                       
                       
  Min Ast % mm2                
    0.12 150                
                       
0.05
  Interpolation  
  1 6
αy 1. 0.06
  ly/lx     αx     1 4  
lowe upp  
interpt
lower upper r er
exact value n.
value value valu valu 1. 0.07

Table 26 IS 456 pg 91
value
  e e 2 2  
0.07 0.08 0.05 1. 0.07
1.30 1.40 1.31 0.079
  9 5 6 3 9  
1. 0.08
                4 5  
1. 0.08
                5 9  
0.10
                2 7  
                       
.= (700/(1100 *
  xumax 48 (0.87 * fy)) * d                
.=
29 KN- 0.36*fck*b*xuma
Mulim x*(d-
m
  (0.42*xumax))                
Mulim/b
2.66
  d2                  
  Mux/bd2 1.21                  
  Muy/bd2 0.85                  
                       
2.24E+
E        
  07          
1.63E-
I      
  04 .= bd3/12          
  Defln 25.58 4
.= 5*W*l /(384EI)                
                       

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 Staircase Design
             
             
  Data          
  Effective Span (l) 4.83 mm        
  Riser (R) 300 mm        
  Thread (T) 600 mm        
  Waist Slab thickness (t) 150 mm        
  Clear Cover 20 mm        
Effective Depth of Waist Slab
  (d) 130 mm        
             
  Grade of Concrete (fck) 20 MPa        
  Grade of Steel (fy) 500 MPa        
             
  Loading          
  Loads on going     Loads on waist slab    
Self weight of landing 3.75
  Self weight of waist slab 4.19 KN/m   slab KN/m  
4.00
  Self weight of steps 3.75 KN/m   Live Load KN/m  
1.00
  Live Load 4.00 KN/m   Floor Finish Load KN/m  
8.75
  Floor Finish Load 1.00 KN/m   Total Load KN/m  
13.13
  Total Load 12.94 KN/m   Factored Load KN/m  
  Factored Load 19.41 KN/m        
             
             
  Bending Moment          
Calculate Bending Moment using the equation (W*L*L )/8
             
             
  Bending Moment = 56 KN-m          
             
  Reaction          
  to be used as UDL = 47 KN          
    60 KN-m    
             
  Area of Main Steel          
  Ast 1350 sqmm        
             
  Spacing          
  Diameter of bar 12ø 16ø      
149
  Spacing across x 84 c/c c/c      
             
12mm dia @100
  Provded Main Steel: c/c        
             
             
  Area of Distribution Steel          

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  Ast 180 sqmm        
             
  Spacing          
  Diameter of bar 8ø 10ø      
436
  Spacing across y 279 c/c c/c      
             
  Provided Distridution Steel: 8mm@150c/c        
             

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