Basay. Rodilyn G.

BSCE-3 “ACTIVITY 4” CE 3107 10/18/2020

Problem 1. Plot the hydrograph for the storm data given on the table (flow rate vs.
time). Label the following:
(a) peak flow Qp ,
(b) time to peak tp (distance from the center of mass of rainfall to the peak flow),
(c) time of rise TR (distance from the start of discharge to the peak flow),
(d) time base TB (distance from the start of discharge to the end of discharge).
a.)
From the Figure, the peak discharge is 1380 cfs. Hence the peak discharge is 1380 cfs.

b.) Using the relation Qp = 640CpA/tp

Tp = 1435/1380
Tp = 1.04 hr The time peak is 1.04 hr.

c.) Determine the time of rise Tr using the relation.

D = rainfall duration

The time of rise is 1.29hrs.

d.) Determine the time base Tb using the relation

Substitite 2468.5 cfs-hr for Vol, 1380 cfs

For QP , and 1.29 hr for TR

The time base is 2.28 hr.

Problem 2. Consider the following discharge data of a catchment whose area is 36
km2 which resulted from a 3-hr storm. Derive the unit hydrograph. Assume that baseflow
is constant at 550 m3/s.
Sol’n:

Time(hr) Flowrate ,Q Base flow, BF Direct Runoff Unit

(m3/s) (m3/s) (m3/s) Hydrograph
(m3/s/cm)

0 758 550 m3/s 208 m3/s 6.60

1 858 550 m3/s 308 m3/s 9.77

2 963 550 m3/s 413 m3/s 13.11

3 1205 550 m3/s 655 m3/s 20.79

4 2546 550 m3/s 1996 m3/s 63.36

5 3864 550 m3/s 3314 m3/s 105.21

6 2879 550 m3/s 2329 m3/s 73.94

7 1989 550 m3/s 1439 m3/s 45.68

8 987 550 m3/s 437 m3/s 13.87

9 861 550 m3/s 311 m3/s 9.87

10 613 550 m3/s 63 m3/s 2.29

∑= 11473 m3/s

Runoff volume:
= 11473 m3/s * days
= 11473 m3/s (60)(60)(24)
Runoff volume=991267200 m3
Area of catchment:
Given= 36 km2
Area of curve:
ℎ
= [(𝑥𝑜 + 𝑥𝑛) + 2(𝑥1 + 𝑥2 … + 𝑥𝑛 − 1)
2

=1 [(208 + 63) + 2(308 + 413) + 655 + 1996 + 3314 + 2329 + 1439 + 437 + 311)]
2

=1 [271 + 2(11202)]
2

=11337.5 x1000 m3

Volume= 11337500 m3

Rainfall excess:
11337500
=
63 𝑥 10^6

Rainfall excess=31.5 cm

Depth of net rainfall:

𝑟𝑢𝑛𝑜𝑓𝑓 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒
𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑐ℎ𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
Unit hydrograph ordinates (m3/s/m):
𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑟𝑢𝑛𝑜𝑓𝑓 /ℎ𝑟 208
= 31.5 = 6.603 (m3/s/cm)
𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑖𝑛 𝑚

Graph of Unit Hydrograph:

Unit Hydrograph 3-hr

350 320
300 300
UNIT HYDROGRAPH (M3/S/CM)

300
250
200 150 140
150 120

100 45
40
50 0 6 0
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
TIME (HR)
Problem 3. The 1-hr UH in the accompanying table was recorded for a particular
watershed. Determine the size of the watershed in acres and then convert the 1-hr UH
into a 3-hr UH for the watershed. Show the graphs for both the 1-hr and 3-hr UH.
Sol’n:

Q= U x Time Interval Time (hr) Q (cfs)

Example computation: ( t= 1 hr)
0 0
=6x1
Q=6 cfs 1 6

(summarized table is on the right side)

2 40

3 150
1-hr unit hydrograph:

4 320
350 320
300 300 5 300
300

250 6 300
Flow (cfs)

200
150
7 140
140
150 120
8 120
100
40 45
50 9 45
0 6 0
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 10 0
Time (hr)

∑𝑄 = 1421 cfs-hr
3-hr unit hydrograph calculations:
(𝑈1+𝑈2+𝑈3)
3hr. UH= 3

calculations: (3hr. UH)

(6+0+0)
=2
3
(20+6+0)
= 8.67
3
(20+6+50)
= 25.33
3

Time (hr) Q (cfs) U1 U2 U3 3 hr. UH

0 0 0 0

1 6 6 0 2

2 40 40 6 0 15

3 150 150 40 6 65

4 320 320 150 40 170

5 300 300 320 150 257

6 300 300 300 320 307

7 140 140 300 300 247

8 120 120 140 300 187

9 45 45 120 140 102

10 0 0 45 120 55

11 0 45 15

12 0 0
3-hr unit hydrograph graph: