Sawaritathayatayatbyabasthaain2049 PDF

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np
;jf/L tyf oftfoft Joj:yf P]g, @)$(

k|df0fLs/0f / k|sfzg ldlt
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;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g
!= ;jf/L tyf oftfoft Joj:yf -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g,
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@= ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g, @)^# @)^#.(.#)
#= u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg'g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g,
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;jf/L tyf oftfoft Joj:yf ;DaGwL sfg"gL Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] P]g
k|:tfjgf M ;jf/L b'3{6gfsf] /f]syfd ug{, b'3{6gfaf6 kLl8t kIfnfO{ IftLk"lt{ lbnfpg,
aLdf–Joj:yf ug{ / ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfnfO{ ;/n Pj+ ;'ne 9+uaf6 oftfoft ;'ljwf
pknJw u/fpg oftfoft ;]jfnfO{ ;'b[9, ;Ifd tyf k|efjsf/L agfpg jf~5gLo
ePsf]n],
>L % dxf/fhflw/fh jL/]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jsf] zf;gsfnsf] PSsfO;f}+ jif{df
;+;bn] of] P]g agfPsf]5 .
kl/R5]b–!
k|f/lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De M -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd æ;jf/L tyf oftfoft Joj:yf P]g,
@)$(Æ /x]sf]5 .
-@_ of] P]g t'¿Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;+un] csf{] cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf,–
-s_ æ;jf/LÆ eGgfn] oflGqs zlQmaf6 ;8sdf rNg] ;jf/Lsf] ;fwg ;D´g'
k5{ .

of] P]g ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn h]7 !% ut]b]lv nfu" ePsf], k|z:tL / clw/fHo zAb lemlsPsf] .
www.lawcommission.gov.np
1
-v_ æ;jf/Lsf] jhgÆ eGgfn] ;jf/Lsf] s"n jhg ;D´g' k5{ .

:ki6Ls/0f
:ki6Ls/0f M æs"n jhgÆ eGgfn] ;jf/Lsf] OGhLg, r]l;;, cGo cf}hf/
tyf pks/0f nufot ;jf/L btf{sf] k|df0fkqdf n]lvPsf] ;f] ;jf/Lsf]
s"n ef/ jxg Ifdtf ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-u_ æ7"nf] ;jf/LÆ eGgfn] bkmf # adf]lhdsf] ;jf/L ;D´g' k5{ .
-3_ æd´f}nf ;jf/LÆ eGgfn] bkmf $ adf]lhdsf] ;jf/L ;D´g' k5{ .
-ª_ æ;fgf] ;jf/LÆ eGgfn] bkmf % adf]lhdsf] ;jf/L ;D´g' k5{ .
-r_ æ;fj{hlgs ;jf/LÆ eGgfn] oftfoft ;]jfdf k|of]u ul/g] ;jf/L ;D´g'
k5{ .
-5_ æoftfoft ;]jfÆ eGgfn] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ln] ef8f lnO{ Ps 7fpFaf6 csf{]
7fpF;Dd ofqL jf dfn;fdfg cf];f/k;f/ ug{] sfo{ ;D´g' k5{ .
-h_ æef8fÆ eGgfn] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ln] oftfoft ;]jf k|bfg u/] afkt lng]
/sd jf z'Ns ;D´g' k5{ .
-´_ æko{6s ;jf/LÆ eGgfn] bkmf & adf]lhdsf] ;jf/L ;D´g' k5{ .
-`_ ælghL ;jf/LÆ eGgfn] bkmf * adf]lhdsf] ;jf/L ;D´g' k5{ .
-6_ æ;/sf/L ;jf/LÆ eGgfn] bkmf ( adf]lhdsf] ;jf/L ;D´g' k5{ .
-7_ æ;+:yfgsf] ;jf/LÆ eGgfn] bkmf !) adf]lhdsf] ;jf/L ;D´g' k5{ .
-8_ æs"6gLlts ;'ljwf k|fKt ;jf/LÆ eGgfn] bkmf !! adf]lhdsf] ;jf/L
;D´g' k5{ .
-9_ æofqLÆ eGgfn] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Laf6 ofqf ug{] JolQm ;D´g' k5{ .
-0f_ ædfn;fdfgÆ eGgfn] dflg; afx]s ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ldf cf];f/k;f/
ul/g] hgfj/, kG5L tyf s'g} lghL{j j:t' ;D´g' k5{{ .
-t_ æofqLafxs ;jf/LÆ eGgfn] ofqLx¿nfO{ oftfoft ;]jf k|bfg ug{]
;fj{hlgs ;jf/L ;D´g' k5{ .
-y_ ædfnafxs ;jf/LÆ eGgfn] dfn;fdfg cf];f/k;f/ ug{] sfddf k|of]u
ul/g] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L ;D´g' k5{ .
2
-b_ æbtf{sf] k|df0fkqÆ eGgfn] bkmf !^ adf]lhd ;jf/L btf{ u/L lbOPsf]
;jf/L btf{ k|df0fkq ;D´g' k5{ .
-w_ ærfnsÆ eGgfn] ;jf/L rfns cg'dltkq k|fKt JolQm ;D´g' k5{ .
-g_ ærfns cg'dltkqÆ eGgfn] bkmf %) adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln]
lbPsf] ;jf/L rfns cg'dltkq ;D´g' k5{ .
-k_ ækl/rfnsÆ eGgfn] bkmf ^& adf]lhd kl/rfns cg'dltkq k|fKt JolQm
;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] ;f] ;jf/Ldf sfd ug]{ cGo r]s/ tyf x]Nk/nfO{
;d]t hgfpF5 .
-km_ æ;'/IffsdL{Æ eGgfn] ofqL, dfn;fdfg tyf ;jf/Lsf] ;'/Iffsf] lhDdf
lng] sd{rf/L ;D´g' k5{ .
-a_ æ;fj{hlgs :yfgÆ eGgfn] ;fj{hlgs ;8s, k]6L, uNnL, gbL, k'n, af6f]
jf ;j{;fwf/0f hgtf cfpg], hfg], a:g] 7fpF ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn]
ofqLx¿ r9\g, pqg jf ;jf/L /fVg lgwf{l/t 7fpFnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
-e_ ækfls{Ë:ynÆ eGgfn] ;jf/L c8\ofpg lgwf{l/t 7fpF ;D´g' k5{ .
-d_ æa; la;f}gLÆ eGgfn] ofqLafxs ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ldf ofqLnfO{ ofqf ug{]
k|of]hgsf] nflu r9\g / cf]n{gsf] lgldQ lgwf{l/t 7fpF ;D´g' k5{ .
-o_ æaf6f]Æ eGgfn] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L rnfpgnfO{ lgwf{l/t af6f] ;D´g'
k5{ .
-/_ ænfdf]af6f] -nË ¿6_Æ eGgfn] ofqfsf] nflu k|:yfg ug{] :yfgaf6 b'O{;o
krf; lsnf]ld6/ jf ;f] eGbf a9L b"/Lsf] uGtJo :yfg;Dd k'Ug] af6f]
;D´g' k5{ .
-n_ ædWod af6f] -ldl8od ¿6_Æ eGgfn] ofqfsf] nflu k|:yfg ug{] :yfgaf6
Ps;o lsnf]ld6/eGbf a9L t/ b'O{;o krf; lsnf]ld6/eGbf sDtL
b"/Lsf] uGtJo :yfg;Dd k'Ug] af6f] ;D´g' k5{ .
-j_ æ5f]6f]] af6f]Æ eGgfn] ofqfsf] nflu k|:yfg ug{] :yfgaf6 kRrL;
lsnf]ld6/b]lv Ps;o lsnf]ld6/;Ddsf] b"/Lsf] uGtJo :yfg;Dd k'Ug]
af6f] ;D´g' k5{ .
3
-z_ æ:yfgLo af6f]Æ eGgfn] ofqfsf] nflu k|:yfg ug{] :yfgaf6 kRrL;
lsnf]ld6/ eGbf sDtL b"/Lsf] uGtJo :yfg;Ddsf] af6f] ;D´g' k5{ .
-if_ æaf6f] OhfhtkqÆ eGgfn] :jLs[t af6f]df ;jf/L rnfpg bkmf &&
adf]lhd k|fKt u/]sf] Ohfhtkq ;D´g' k5{ .
-;_ æhfFrkf;Æ eGgfn] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] oflGqs l:yltsf] k/LIf0f u/L
lbOPsf] k|df0fkq ;D´g' k5{ .
-x_ æaLdfÆ eGgfn] ;jf/L, ofqL, dfn;fdfg, rfns, kl/rfns, ;'/IffsdL{,
;jf/Ldf sfd ug{] cGo sd{rf/L tyf t];|f] kIfsf] ;DaGwdf ;jf/L wgL
jf Joj:yfksn] ug{' kg{] aLdf ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] tT;DaGwdf
ul/g] slDk|x]lG;e aLdfnfO{ ;d]t hgfpF5 .
-If_ æ;jf/L wgLÆ eGgfn] ;jf/L btf{sf] k|df0fkqdf ;f] ;jf/Lsf] wgL egL
n]lvPsf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf cGo s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yf ;D´g' k5{ .
-q_ æJoj:yfksÆ eGgfn] k~hLs[t oftfoft ;]jfdf ;+nUg ;fj{hlgs
;jf/LnfO{ Jojl:yt ¿kdf ;~rfng ug{] lhDdf lnPsf] JolQm ;D´g'
k5{ .
-1_ æofqL u'06fÆ eGgfn] ofqLn] cfkmgf] ;fydf lnO{ ofqf ug{] JolQmut
k|of]hgsf dfn;fdfg ;D´g' k5{ .
-1!_ æ6«flkms ;ª\s]tÆ eGgfn] k|x/L jf Ps ;jf/L rfnsn] csf{] ;jf/Lsf]
rfnsnfO{ lbPsf] ;"rgf, ;ª\s]t jf O{zf/f ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn]
;jf/Lsf] lgoGq0f jf lgb{]zgsf nflu lnlvt jf ;fª\s]lts ¿kdf
6fF;]sf], /fv]sf] jf h8fg ul/Psf] ;"rgf ;ª\s]t jf O{zf/f ;d]tnfO{
hgfpF5 .
-1@_ æk|b"if0fÆ eGgfn] ;jf/Laf6 lg:sg] WjgL tyf w'jfFsf] k|b"if0f ;D´g'
k5{ .
-1#_ æljefuÆ eGgfn] g]kfn ;/sf/, lgdf{0f tyf oftfoft dGqfno, oftfoft
Joj:yf ljefu ;D´g' k5{ .
-1$_ æclwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/LÆ eGgfn] oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{nosf k|d'v
;D´g' k5{ .
4
-1%_ æJoj:yfkg ;ldltÆ eGgfn] bkmf !%$ adf]lhd ul7t oftfoft

Joj:yfkg ;ldlt ;D´g' k5{ .
-1^_ æk/LIff ;ldltÆ eGgfn] bkmf !%^ adf]lhd ul7t k/LIff ;ldlt ;D´g'
k5{ .
-1&_ æoftfoft lg/LIfsÆ eGgfn] bkmf !%& adf]lhd lgo'Qm JolQm ;D´g'
k5{ .
-1*_ æk|lzIf0f s]Gb|Æ eGgfn] bkmf !%( adf]lhd ljefuaf6 dfGotf k|fKt
;jf/L rfns k|lzIf0f s]Gb| ;D´g' k5{ .
-1(_ æIf]qÆ eGgfn] oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{nosf] k|fb]lzs If]qflwsf/ cGtu{t
kg{] u/L tf]lsPsf] If]q ;D´g' k5{ .
-1!)_ ætf]lsPsf]Æ jf ætf]lsPadf]lhdÆ eGgfn] of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t
ag]sf] lgod jf g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L hf/L ul/Psf]
;"lrt cfb]zdf tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsPadf]lhd ;D´g' k5{ .
kl/R5]b–@
;jf/Lsf] juL{
juL{s/0f
#= 7"nf] ;jf/L M bz 6geGbf a9L jhg ePsf] cg';"rL –! sf] v08 -s_ df
lnlvt ;jf/LnfO{ 7"nf] ;jf/L elgg]5 .
$= demf}
emf}nf ;jf/L M rf/ 6gb]lv bz 6g;Dd jhg ePsf] cg';"rL –! sf] v08
-v_ df lnlvt ;jf/LnfO{ d´f}nf ;jf/L elgg]5 .
%= ;fgf] ;jf/L M rf/ 6geGbf sDtL jhg ePsf] cg';"rL–! sf] v08 -u_ df
lnlvt ;jf/LnfO{ ;fgf] ;jf/L elgg]5 .
^= ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L M -!_ oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ btf{sf] k|df0fkq k|fKt
;jf/LnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L elgg]5 .
-@_ ;fj{hlgs ;jf/LnfO{ ofqLafxs / dfnafxs u/L hDdf b'O{
lsl;ddf ljefhg ul/g]5 .
5
-#_ ofqLafxs ;fj{hlgs ;jf/LnfO{ lbjf tyf /fqL ;]jfdf ljefhg u/L
b]xfosf >]0fLdf 5'6\ofO{ oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] Ohfhtkq lbOg]5M–
-s_ l;w} -8fO/]S6_ ;]jf,
-v_ b|"t -PS;k|];_ ;]jf /
-u_ ;fwf/0f -nf]sn_ ;]jf .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd ljefhg ul/Psf ofqLafxs ;fj{hlgs
;jf/Lsf] :t/, ult tyf cGo cfjZos Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .
-%_ ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] klxrfgsf] nflu ;f] ;jf/Lsf] cufl8 tyf
k5fl8 cg';"rL @ sf] v08 -s_ df n]lvPadf]lhd gDa/ Kn]6 /fVg' k5{ .
&= ko{6s ;jf/L M -!_ ljb]zL ko{6snfO{ oftfoft ;]jf k|bfg ug{ btf{sf] k|df0fkq
k|fKt ;fj{hlgs ;jf/LnfO{ ko{6s ;jf/L elgg]5 .
-@_ ko{6s ;jf/Lsf] klxrfgsf] nflu ;f] ;jf/Lsf] cufl8 tyf k5fl8
cg';"rL–@ sf] v08 -v_ df n]lvP adf]lhdsf] gDa/ Kn]6 /fVg' k5{ .
*= lghL ;jf/L M -!_ lghL k|of]usf] nflu btf{sf] k|df0fkq k|fKt ;jf/LnfO{ lghL
;jf/L elgg]5 .
-@_ lghL ;jf/L oftfoft ;]jfsf] nflu k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-#_ lghL ;jf/Lsf] klxrfgsf] nflu ;f] ;jf/Lsf] cufl8 tyf k5fl8
cg';"rL–@ sf] v08 -u_ df n]lvP adf]lhdsf] gDa/ Kn]6 /fVg' k5{ .
(= ;/sf/L ;jf/L M -!_ s'g} ;/sf/L sfof{nosf] gfddf btf{ eO{ btf{sf] k|df0fkq
k|fKt g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj ePsf] ;jf/LnfO{ ;/sf/L ;jf/L elgg]5 .
-@_ ;/sf/L ;jf/Lsf] klxrfgsf] nflu ;f] ;jf/Lsf] cufl8 tyf k5fl8
cg';"rL–@ sf] v08 -3_ df n]lvP adf]lhdsf] gDa/ Kn]6 /fVg' k5{ .
!)= ;+:yfgsf] ;jf/L M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{, clwsf+z jf cf+lzs :jfldTj
ePsf] ;+ul7t ;+:yfsf] gfddf btf{ eO{ btf{sf] k|df0fkq k|fKt ;jf/LnfO{
;+:yfgsf] ;jf/L elgg]5 .
6
-@_ ;+:yfgsf] ;jf/Lsf] klxrfgsf] nflu ;f] ;jf/Lsf] cufl8 tyf k5fl8
cg';"rL –@ sf] v08 -ª_ df n]lvP adf]lhdsf] gDa/ Kn]6 /fVg' k5{ .
!!= s"6gLlts ;'ljwf k|fKt ;jf/L M -!_ s"6gLlts lgof]u jf s"6gLlts ;'ljwf
k|fKt sfof{no, of]hgf, lgsfo jf JolQmsf] gfddf btf{ eO{ btf{sf] k|df0fkq
k|fKt ;jf/LnfO{ s"6gLlts ;'ljwf k|fKt ;jf/L elgg]5 .
-@_ s"6gLlts ;'ljwf k|fKt ;jf/Lsf] klxrfgsf] nflu ;f] ;jf/Lsf]
cufl8 tyf k5fl8 cg';"rL –@ sf] v08 -r_ df n]lvP adf]lhdsf] gDa/ Kn]6
/fVg' k5{ .
!@= cGo k|of]hgsf] lglDt k|of]u ug{ gx'g] M -!_ s'g} Ps k|of]hgsf] lglDt btf{
ePsf] ;jf/L csf{] k|of]hgsf] lglDt k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
-@_ eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 x'g] u/L ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/Psf] ;jf/LnfO{ h'g
k|of]hgsf] lglDt eG;f/ dx;'n 5'6 lbOPsf] xf] To:tf] k|of]hgsf] lglDt afx]s
cGo k|of]hgsf] lglDt To:tf] ;'ljwf k|fKt ;jf/L k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
kl/R5]b–#
;jf/L btf{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!#= k|j]z btf{ u/fpg'
u/fpg' kg{]M -!_ ljb]zaf6 ;jf/L k}7f/L ug{] JolQm, kmd{ jf sDkgLn]
To:tf] ;jf/L g]kfnleq k|j]z ug{] :yfgdf /x]sf] k|x/L sfof{nodf To:tf]
;jf/Lsf] k|j]z btf{ ug{sf] nflu b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|j]z btf{ u/fpgsf] nflu b/vf:t k/]df k|x/L
sfof{non] To:tf] ;jf/L v/Lb u/]sf] lg:;f / ;DalGwt sfuhftx¿sf] hfFra'´
u/L To:tf] ;jf/LnfO{ kGw| lbgsf] lglDt k|j]z btf{ u/L To:tf] ;jf/L k}7f/L ug{]
JolQm, kmd{ jf sDkgLnfO{ k|j]z btf{sf] lg:;f lbg' k5{ / To:tf] ;jf/Lsf]
ljj/0f oyfzL3| ;DalGwt oftfot Joj:yf sfof{nodf k7fpg' k5{ .
!$= ;jf/L btf{ u/fpg' kg{] M -!_ s'g} klg ;jf/L v/Lb ug{] jf ljb]zaf6 k}7f/L
ug{] JolQm, kmd{ jf sDkgLn] jf ;jf/L laqmL ljt/0f ug{] Ph]06n] ;jf/L v/Lb
u/]sf] jf k}7f/L u/L g]kfnleq eG;f/ lt/L NofPsf] ldltn] kGw|lbgleq clwsf/
k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf btf{ u/fpg' k5{ .
7
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd btf{ gu/L s'g} klg ;jf/L rnfpg jf rnfpg
lbg x'Fb}g .
!%= ;jf/L btf{ u/fpg b/vf:t lbg' kg{] M -!_ bkmf !$ adf]lhd s'g} ;jf/L btf{
u/fpg' k/]df To:tf] ;jf/L g]kfnleq v/Lb u/]sf] eP v/Lb ug{] JolQm, kmd{ jf
sDkgL jf Ph]06n] ;f] v/Lb u/]sf] lg:;f / To:tf] ;jf/L ljb]zaf6 k}7f/L
u/]sf] eP k}7f/L ug{] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf Ph]G6n] ;f] ;jf/Lsf] eG;f/ dx;'n
lt/]sf] lg:;f tyf cGo ;DalGwt sfuhft ;lxt tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf tf]lsPsf]
b:t'/ ;d]t ;+nUg /fvL clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
t/ s"6gLlts ;'ljwf k|fKt ;jf/L btf{ ug{ btf{ b:t'/ nfUg] 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd b/vf:t lbg] JolQmn] g]kfnL gful/stfsf]
k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk / xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] cfˆgf] tLg k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f]
;d]t b/vf:t ;fy ;+nUg u/]sf] x'g'k5{ .
-#_ ;/sf/L ;jf/Lsf] xsdf To:tf] ;jf/L h'g ;/sf/L sfof{nosf]
gfddf btf{ x'g] xf] ;f] sfof{nosf] kq / s"6gLlts ;'ljwf k|fKt ;jf/Lsf] xsdf
g]kfn ;/sf/, k//fi6«« dGqfnosf] l;kmfl/;kq ;d]t ;+nUg u/]sf] x'g' k5{ .
s"6gLlts ;'ljwf k|fKt ;jf/L s'g} JolQmsf] gfddf btf{ x'g] ePdf lghn] cfˆgf]]
kf;kf]6{ jf gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk Pj+ tLg k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f] ;+nUg
u/]sf] x'g' k5{ .
-$_ g]kfnleq s'g} Joj;fo tyf sfd sf/f]jf/ u/L a;]sf] ljb]zL
gful/sn] cfˆgf]] lghL k|of]usf] lglDt s'g} ;jf/L btf{ u/fpg rfx]df pkbkmf
-!_ / -@_ df n]lvPsf s'/fx¿sf cltl/Qm ;DalGwt s"6gLlts lgof]usf]
l;kmfl/;kq ;d]t ;+nUg u/]sf] x'g' k5{ .
-%_ gfafnssf] gfddf s'g} ;jf/L btf{ u/fpg' k/]df lghsf] tkm{af6
lghsf] ;+/Ifsn] gfafns tyf cfˆgf]] ;d]t tLg tLg k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf]
kmf]6f] Pj+ gful/stfsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk ;d]t ;+nUg /fvL b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
!^= ;jf/L btf{sf] k|df0fkq M -!_ bkmf !% adf]lhd s'g} ;jf/L btf{ u/fpgsf]
nflu b/vf:t k/]df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] cfjZos hfFra'´ u/L
8
b/vf:tjfnfsf] gfddf To:tf] ;jf/L btf{ u/L cg';"rL–# adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf

btf{sf] k|df0fkq lbg' k5{ .

t/ ;fdflhs, wfld{s, k/f]ksf/L tyf z}lIfs p2]Zon] :yfkgf ePsf
/fli6«o tyf cGt//fli6«o ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ Pj+ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd :yflkt
;+ul7t ;+:yfx¿sf] gfpFdf afx]s rf}w eGbf a9L ;L6 ;+Vof tyf rf/ 6g jf
;f] eGbf a9L s"n jhg ePsf ;jf/Lx¿nfO{ lghL;jf/Lsf] ¿kdf btf{ ul/g]
5}g .
-@_ gfafnssf] gfddf ;jf/L btf{ ubf{ ;+/Ifs ;d]tsf] gfd btf{sf]
k|df0fkqdf pNn]v u/L btf{sf] k|df0fkqdf lghsf] ;d]t ;xL u/fpg' k5{ .
-#_ btf{sf] k|df0fkqdf ;jf/L v/Lb ubf{ ;jf/Lsf] lgdf{tfn] lbPsf]
;jf/Lsf] k|fljlws ljj/0fdf n]lvPsf] ;jf/Lsf] s"n ef/jxg IfdtfnfO{ ;f]
;jf/Lsf] jhg dfgL pNn]v ug{' k5{ / To;/L ;jf/Lsf] jhg pNn]v ubf{ To:tf]
;jf/Lsf] ef/ /lxt jhg / ef/jxg Ifdtf ;d]t 5'§f5'§} ¿kdf :ki6 x'g] u/L
pNn]v ug{' k5{ .
-$_ btf{sf] k|df0fkq lbOPsf] ldltn] Ps jif{;Dd axfn /xg]5 .
!&= ;8sdf rNg ;Sg] ;Ifdtfsf] k|df0fkq lbg' kg{
kg{] M -!_ bkmf !^ adf]lhd s'g}
;jf/L btf{ ug{' eGbf cufj} To:tf] ;jf/L rnfpg ;lsg] 7Ls l:yltdf 5 jf
5}g eGg] s'/fsf] bkmf @# adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] dfkb08sf cwLgdf /xL hfFra'´
u/L rnfpg ;lsg] 7Ls l:yltdf /x]5 eg] dfq To:tf] ;jf/L btf{ u/L btf{sf]
k|df0fkq lbg' k5{ . To;/L btf{sf] k|df0fkq lb+bf To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] wgLnfO{
To:tf] ;jf/L ;8sdf rNg ;Sg] ;Ifdtf -/f]8 cf]bL{g];_ sf] k|df0fkq ;d]t lbg'
k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lbOPsf] ;Ifdtfsf] k|df0fkq ;jf/Ldf 6fF;L
/fVg' k5{ .
!*= ;+o'Qm btf{ M s'g} ;jf/L ;+o'Qm ¿kdf btf{ ug{ b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L JolQmn]
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf bkmf !% adf]lhd b/vf:t lbPdf clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Ln] cfjZos hfFra'´ u/L To:tf] ;jf/LnfO{ tL JolQmx¿sf] gfddf

klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .
9
;+o'Qm ¿kdf btf{ u/L lghx¿nfO{ bkmf !^ df n]lvP adf]lhdsf] btf{ k|df0fkq
lbg' k5{ .
!(= c:yfoL btf{ M b]xfosf] cj:yfdf s'g} ;jf/L c:yfoL ¿kdf btf{ ug{
;lsg]5 M–
-s_ ;jf/L k}7f/L ug{] JolQm ;jf/L btf{ u/fpg' kg{] Dofb leq btf{ u/fpg
pkl:yt x'g g;Sg] dgfl;a dflkmssf] sf/0f ePdf .
-v_ k}7f/L ul/Psf] ;jf/Lsf] OGhLg, r]l;; jf cGo s'g} kf6{k"hf{sf] v/faLsf]
sf/0fn] ubf{ t'¿Gt btf{ u/fpg ;jf/L Nofpg g;lsg] ePdf .
-u_ v08 -v_ df n]lvPsf] cj:yfdf k/L ;f] ;jf/L lgdf{0f ug{] sDkgL jf
laqmL ug{] Ph]G6 jf aLdf sDkgL;Fu IftLk"lt{ aLdf;DaGwL ljjfb k/L
t'¿Gt btf{ ug{ g;lsg] ePdf .
@)= c:yfoL btf{sf] nflu b/vf:t M -!_ bkmf !( df n]lvPsf] s'g} cj:yf k/L s'g}
;jf/L k}7f/L ug{] JolQm jf lghsf] cg'kl:yltdf lghsf] glhssf] xsjfnfn] ;f]
;jf/L k}7f/L ug{] JolQmsf] gfddf c:yfoL ¿kdf btf{ ug{ ;f] ;jf/Lsf] eG;f/
dx;"n lt/]sf] lg:;f tyf cGo ;DalGwt sfuhft;lxt tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf
tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;d]t ;+nUg /fvL clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf b/vf:t lbg'
k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd b/vf:t lb+bf b/vf:tjfnfn] g]kfnL
gful/stfsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk / h;sf] gfddf c:yfoL btf{ ul/g] xf] ;f]
JolQmsf] xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] tLg k|lt kmf]6f] ;d]t ;+nUg u/]sf] x'g' k5{ .
@!= c:yfoL btf{sf] k|df0fkq M -!_ bkmf @) adf]lhd s'g} ;jf/L c:yfoL btf{
u/fpgsf] nflu s;}sf] b/vf:t k/]df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;f] ;jf/L bkmf
!( adf]lhd c:yfoL btf{ ug{ ;lsg] cj:yf 5 5}g eGg] s'/fsf] hfFra'´ u/L
To:tf] ;jf/L c:yfoL ¿kdf btf{ u/L cg';"rL –$ adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf c:yfoL
btf{sf] k|df0fkq lbg' k5{ .
-@_ c:yfoL btf{sf] k|df0fkqdf ;f] ;jf/Ldf /fVg' kg{] gDa/ Kn]6df
c:yfoL ;d]t n]Vg' kg{] s'/f hgfpg' k5{ .
10
-#_ c:yfoL btf{sf] k|df0fkq Ps} k6s jf k6s k6s u/L a9Ldf 5
dxLgf;Dd axfn /xg] u/L lbg ;lsg]5 .

@@= ;jf/L Nofpg' kg{] M bkmf !#, !% jf @) adf]lhd s'g} ;jf/L btf{ ug{ bkmf #&
adf]lhd ;jf/L gfd;f/L ug{ / bkmf #( adf]lhd ;jf/Lsf] s'g} s'/f x]/km]/
ug{sf] nflu b/vf:t lb+bf To:tf] b/vf:t lbg] JolQm, kmd{ jf sDkgLn] To;/L
btf{, gfd;f/L jf s'g} s'/f x]/km]/ u/fpg rfx]sf] ;jf/L ;d]t ;fy} Nofpg' k5{ .
@#= ;jf/Lsf] hfFra'´sf] nflu dfkb08 tf]Sg ;lsg] M -!_ s'g} ;jf/L rnfpg
;lsg] l:yltdf 5 5}g eGg] s'/fsf] hfFra'´ u/L olsg ug{ b]xfosf s'/fx¿sf
;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfjZos dfkb08 lgwf{/0f u/L tf]Sg ;Sg]5M–
-s_ ;jf/Lsf] oflGqs l:yltsf] ;DaGwdf .
-v_ ;jf/Lsf] nDafO{, rf}8fO{, prfO{, agf}6 jf :j¿ksf]
;DaGwdf .
-u_ ;jf/Laf6 x'g ;Sg] k|b"if0fsf] ;DaGwdf .
-3_ ;jf/L rnfpg ;lsg] cjlwsf] ;DaGwdf .
-@_ s'g} ;jf/L rnfpg ;lsg] l:yltdf 5 jf 5}g eGg] s'/fsf] hfFra'´
u/L ;Ifdtfsf] k|df0fkq lb+bf jf hfFrkf; ubf{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln]
pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd tf]lsPsf] dfkb08sf cwLgdf /xL hfFra'´ ug{' k5{ .
@$= ;jf/L
;jf/L btf{ ug{ OGsf/ ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ s'g} ;jf/L btf{ ug{sf nflu b/vf:t
k/L ;f] ;jf/L btf{ ug{] ;DaGwdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;f] ;jf/LnfO{ bkmf
@# df tf]lsPsf dfkb08sf cwLgdf /xL hfFra'´ ubf{ To:tf] ;jf/L rnfpg
;lsg] l:yltdf /x]sf] gb]lvPdf To:tf] ;jf/L btf{ ug{ OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd s'g} ;jf/L btf{ ug{ OGsf/ ul/Pdf clwsf/
k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ b/vf:tjfnfnfO{ ;"rgf lbg' k5{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg jftfj/0fsf]
k|b"if0f, ;jf/Lsf] rfk, ;8ssf] l:ylt, ;jf/L cfjfudgdf kg{] sl7gfO{ jf o:t}
cGo sf/0fn] ubf{ ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] nflu s'g} lsl;dsf] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] bkmf

11
!$ adf]lhd ul/g] btf{ /f]Ssf ug{ dgfl;a b]v]df ljefun] s'g} jf ;a}
oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{nonfO{ To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] btf{ /f]Ssf ug{] cfb]z lbg
;Sg]5 .
@%= btf{sf] dfGotf M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd s'g} Ps If]qdf btf{ ePsf] ;jf/L csf{]
If]qdf klg rnfpg ;lsg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg Ps If]qdf btf{
ePsf] ;jf/L nuftf/ jf k6s k6s u/L Ps jif{ eGbf a9L s'g} csf{] If]qdf
rnfpg kfO{g] 5}g .
t/ ;/sf/L ;jf/L, ;+:yfgsf] ;jf/L, s"6gLlts ;'ljwfk|fKt ;jf/L /
af6f]sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt ;jf/Lsf] xsdf of] aGb]h nfu" x'g]5}g .
@^= hfgsf/L lbg' kg{] M -!_ Ps If]qdf btf{ ePsf] ;jf/L csf{] If]qdf k|j]z u/]df
k|j]z u/]sf] rf}aL; 306fleq ;f] ;jf/Lsf] wgL jf rfnsn] ghLssf] k|x/L
sfof{nodf To;sf] hfgsf/L lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|j]z u/]sf] ;jf/L tL; lbg eGbf a9L To;
If]qdf rnfpg k/]df To:tf] ;jf/L ;f] If]qdf k|j]z u/]sf] ;ft lbgleq ;jf/L
wgL jf rfnsn] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 :jLs[lt lng' k5{ .
@&= ;¿jf btf{ M -!_ bkmf @% sf] pkbkmf -@_ df n]lvPsf] eGbf a9L cjlwsf]
nflu Ps If]qdf btf{ ePsf] ;jf/L csf{] If]qdf rnfpg k/]df ;jf/L wgLn]
btf{sf] k|df0fkq;fy cfˆgf]] xfn;fn} lvr]sf] tLg k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f] /
tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;d]t ;+nUg /fvL tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L
;dIf ;¿jf btf{sf] nflu b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] b/vf:t k/]df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln]
bkmf @# adf]lhd lgwf{l/t dfkb08sf cwLgdf /xL To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] hfFra'´
u/L ;¿jf btf{ ug{ pko'Qm b]v]df To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] ;¿jf btf{ u/L ;jf/L
wgLnfO{ btf{sf] k|df0fkq lbg' k5{ .
@*= ;jf/Lsf] nut /fVg' kg{] M clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] o; P]g adf]lhd btf{
ePsf] k|To]s ;jf/Lsf] wgLsf] gfd, 7]ufgf, ;jf/L btf{ ePsf] ldlt, btf{ gDa/,
;jf/L lgdf{tfsf] gfd, df]8]n, jif{, OGhLg gDa/, r]l;; gDa/, ;jf/Lsf] lsl;d
12
/ jhg OToflb ;d]t :ki6 ¿kdf v'Ng] u/L btf{ lstfadf n]Vg nufO{ ;jf/Lsf]
nut cBfjlws /fVg' k5{ . To:tf] btf{ lstfasf] ;DalGwt kfgfdf ;jf/L
wgLsf] kmf]6f] ;d]t 6fFl;Psf] x'g' k5{ .
@(= cg'dlt glnO{ ljb]zL ;jf/L rnfpg gx'g] M ljb]zdf btf{ ePsf] ;jf/L
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd cg'dlt glnO{ g]kfnleq rnfpg x'Fb}g .
#)= ljb]]zL ;jf/L rnfpg cg'dlt lbg] M ljb]zdf btf{ ePsf] ;jf/L g]kfnleq
rnfpg] cg'dlt dfu]df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ lnO{ a9Ldf
Ps dxLgf;Ddsf] nflu To:tf] ;jf/L rnfpg] cg'dlt lbg ;Sg]5 .
t/ To:tf] ;jf/LnfO{ g]kfnleq oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ cg'dlt
lbOg] 5}g .
#!= btf{sf] k|df0fkq gjLs/0f M -!_ bkmf !^ sf] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd btf{sf]
k|df0fkqdf n]lvPsf] Dofb gf3]sf] tLg dxLgfleq btf{sf] k|df0fkq gjLs/0f
u/fO{ ;Sg' k5{ .
-@_ ;jf/L wgL jf lghn] v6fPsf] JolQmn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd btf{sf]
k|df0fkq gjLs/0f u/fpgsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;+nUg /fvL btf{sf] k|df0fkq
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug{' k5{ .
t/ s"6gLlts ;'ljwf k|fKt ;jf/Lsf] btf{sf] k|df0fkq gjLs/0f ug{ s'g}
b:t'/ nfUg] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd gjLs/0fsf] nflu btf{sf] k|df0fkq k]z x'g
cfPdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf] btf{sf] k|df0fkq csf{] Ps jif{sf] nflu
gjLs/0f ug{' k5{ .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb gf3L btf{sf] k|df0fkq gjLs/0f
u/fpg cfpg] ;jf/L wgLaf6 gjLs/0f b:t'/sf] cltl/Qm ;f] Dofb gf3]sf] Ps
jif{;Dd Ps;o k|ltzt, b'O{ jif{;Dd b'O{;o k|ltzt, tLg jif{;Dd tLg;o
k|ltzt, rf/ jif{;Dd rf/;o k|ltzt / kfFr jif{;Dd kfFr;o k|ltzt b:t'/
;d]t lnO{ To:tf] btf{sf] k|df0fkq gjLs/0f ug{' k5{ .
#@= clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;"rgf ug{ ;Sg] M bkmf #! sf] pkbkmf -!_
adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq btf{sf] k|df0fkq gjLs/0f ug{ gNofPdf s"6gLlts ;'ljwf
13
k|fKt ;jf/Lsf] ;DaGwdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] k//fi6«« dGqfno dfkm{t

;DalGwt s"6gLlts lgof]u, sfof{no jf JolQmnfO{ To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] btf{sf]
k|df0fkq gjLs/0f ug{ ;"rgf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
##= gjLs/0f ;DaGwL ljz]if Joj:yf M bkmf #! sf] pkbkmf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f
n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;/sf/L ;jf/L, ;+:yfgsf] ;jf/L, s"6gLlts ;'ljwf k|fKt
;jf/L / lghL ;jf/Lsf] wgLn] cfˆgf]] ;jf/Lsf] btf{sf] k|df0fkq kfFr jif{;Dd
Ps} k6s gjLs/0f u/fpg rfx]df kfFr jif{;Ddsf] nflu nfUg] gjLs/0f b:t'/
;+nUg /fvL btf{sf] k|df0fkq k]z u/]df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf] btf{sf]
k|df0fkq kfFr jif{;Ddsf] nflu Ps} k6s gjLs/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
#$= btf{sf] k|df0fkq :jtM /2 x'g] M -!_ bkmf #! sf] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd lgwf{l/t
cjlw;Dd klg gjLs/0f gu/fPsf] btf{sf] k|df0fkq :jtM /2 x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd btf{sf] k|df0fkq /2 ePsf] ;jf/Lsf] nut btf{
lstfaaf6 s§f x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd btf{ lstfaaf6 nut s§f eO{;s]sf btf{sf]
k|df0fkq gjLs/0f ul/g] 5}g .
#%= k'gM btf{ x'g ;Sg]
;Sg] M bkmf #$ adf]lhd btf{sf] k|df0fkq /2 eO{ nut s§f
ePsf] ;jf/L k'gM btf{sf] nflu NofPdf bkmf #! adf]lhd lng afFsL gjLs/0f
b:t'/ tyf yk b:t'/sf] cltl/Qm hlt jif{kl5 btf{sf] nflu NofPsf] xf] Tolt
jif{sf] nflu bkmf #! sf] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] yk b:t'/sf] bf]Aa/ hl/jfgf
;d]t lnO{ To:tf] ;jf/L bkmf !^ adf]lhd btf{ u/L ;jf/L wgLnfO{ csf{] btf{sf]
k|df0fkq lbg' k5{ .
#^= ;jf/L wgLsf] 7]ufgf ablnPdf ;"rgf ug{'kg{] M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd btf{
ePsf] s'g} ;jf/Lsf] wgLsf] :yfoL 7]ufgf ablnPdf Ps dxLgfleq btf{sf]
k|df0fkq ;d]t ;+nUg /fvL ;f] s'/fsf] ;"rgf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/LnfO{ lbg'
k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf k|fKt ePkl5 clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Ln] btf{sf] k|df0fkqdf gofF 7]ufgf hgfO{ btf{ lstfadf ;d]t
;Rofpg]5 .
14
#&= ;jf/Lsf] gfd;f/L

gfd;f/L M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] ;jf/Lsf] wgLn] cfˆgf]]
;jf/L c¿ s;}nfO{ bfg as; lbO{ jf laqmL u/L jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn] :jfldTj
x:tfGt/0f u/]df kGw| lbgleq ;f] ;jf/Lsf] gfd;f/Lsf] nflu btf{sf] k|df0fkq /
;jf/L ;fwg s/ lt/]sf] lg:;f ;d]t ;+nUg /fvL tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf clwsf/
k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-@_ ;jf/L wgLsf] d[To' eO{ h;sf] gfddf :jfldTj x:tfGt/0f x'g'kg{] xf]
;f] xsjfnfn] ;jf/L wgLsf] d[To' ePsf] ldltn] k}+tL; lbgleq ;jf/L wgLsf]
d[To' ePsf] k|df0f, btf{sf] k|df0fkq / ;jf/L ;fwg s/ lt/]sf] lg:;f tyf cfkm"
;a} eGbf ghLssf] xsjfnf xf] eGg] s'/fsf] k|df0f ;d]t ;+nUg /fvL ;f] ;jf/L
cfˆgf]] gfddf gfd;f/L u/fpg tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf
b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd gfd;f/Lsf] nflu b/vf:t k/]df
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] cfjZos hfFra'´ u/L tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ lnO{ btf{sf]
k|df0fkqdf gfd;f/Lsf] Aoxf]/f hgfO{ gfd;f/L ug{' k5{ .
t/ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd gfd;f/Lsf] nflu Ps eGbf a9L a/fa/Lsf
xsjfnfsf] b/vf:t k/]df tL ;a} xsjfnfsf] gfddf To:tf] ;jf/L ;+o'Qm¿kdf
btf{ u/L gfd;f/L ug{' k5{ .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd s'g} ;jf/Lsf] gfd;f/L ePdf ;f] adf]lhd
:jfldTj x:tfGt/0f eO{ gfd;f/L ePsf] Aoxf]/f btf{ lstfadf hgfpg' k5{ .
-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd s'g} ;jf/Lsf] gfd;f/L ug{] ;Gbe{df clwsf/
k|fKt clwsf/Ln] hfFra'´ ubf{ ;f] ;jf/Ldf xs a]xs ;DaGwL s'g} d'2f k/]sf]
b]lvPdf To:tf] d'2fsf] clGtd lsgf/f geP;Dd To:tf] ;jf/L s;}sf] gfddf
gfd;f/L ug{' x'Fb}g .
#*= btf{ kl/jt{g ug{ gx'g] M o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg
dfnafxs ;jf/Lsf] ¿kdf btf{ eO{ btf{sf] k|df0fkq k|fKt ;jf/LnfO{ ofqLafxs
;jf/Ldf btf{ kl/jt{g ug{] u/L btf{sf] k|df0fkq lbOg] 5}g .
15
#(= :jLs[lt glnO{ x]/km]/ ug{ gx'g] M -!_ ;jf/L wgLn] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf]

:jLs[lt glnO{ ;jf/Lsf] /Ë, ;L6 ;+Vof, :j¿k, OGhLg jf r]l;;df kl/jt{g
x'g] u/L ;jf/Ldf x]/km]/ ug{ x'Fb}g .
t/ o; pkbkmfn] ;jf/Ldf ;fdfGo kf6{–k"hf{ kl/jt{g ug{ s'g} afwf
k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd x]/km]/ ug{' k/L :jLs[lt dfu]df clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Ln] cfjZos hfFra'´ u/L To:tf] x]/km]/ ug{ pko'Qm x'g] b]v]df x]/km]/
ug{] :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 .

t/ ;jf/L lgdf{tf sDkgLn] ;jf/Lsf] agf]6 ;DaGwdf lgwf{/0f u/]sf]
lj:t[t ljj/0f -:k]l;lkms]zg_ df kl/jt{g ug]{ u/L :jLs[lt lbOg] 5}g .

-@s_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd x]/km]/sf] nflu :jLs[lt lb+bf ;jf/L btf{
ubf{ nfUg] b:t'/sf] krf; k|ltzt b:t'/ lnOg]5 .
$)= btf{sf] k|df0fkq
f0fkq :ylut ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] b]xfosf]
cj:yfdf s'g} ;jf/Lsf] btf{sf] k|df0fkq b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cjlw;Ddsf] nflu
:ylut ug{] u/L cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5M–
-s_ ;jf/Lsf] cj:yf v/fa eO{ ;f] rnfpFbf ;j{;fwf/0fsf]
hLp jf ;DklQdf xflg gf]S;fgL x'g] b]lvPdf ;f] ;jf/L
;Gtf]ifk|b¿kdf d/Ddt gu/];Ddsf] cjlwsf] nflu, /
-v_ ;jf/L wgLn] o; P]g adf]lhd k"/f ug{' kg{] s'g} zt{ k"/f
gu/L jf of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodsf]
kl/lwleq /xL clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] lbPsf] cfb]zsf]
pNnª\3g u/L ;jf/L rnfPdf a9Ldf 5 dxLgf;Ddsf]
nflu .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd btf{sf] k|df0fkq :ylut ug{] u/L ;jf/L
wgLnfO{ cfb]z lb+bf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;f]sf] sf/0f ;d]t :ki6¿kdf
v'nfPsf] x'g' k5{ .


klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
16
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd btf{sf] k|df0fkq :ylut u/]df clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Ln] To;sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt k|x/L sfof{nonfO{ lbg' k5{ .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd btf{sf] k|df0fkq :ylut u/]df clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Ln] cfb]z lbPsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq ;jf/L wgLn] btf{sf] k|df0fkq
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf a'´fpg' k5{ .
-%_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] btf{sf] k|df0fkqsf] :yug cjlw ;dfKt
ePkl5 pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd ;jf/L wgLn] a'´fPsf] btf{sf] k|df0fkq lghnfO{
g} lkmtf{ ug{' k5{ .
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd btf{sf] k|df0fkq ;jf/L wgLnfO{ lkmtf{ lb+bf
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;f] btf{sf] k|df0fkqdf :ylut ePsf] cjlw / sf/0f
;d]t :ki6 hgfO{ ;f] s'/fsf] clen]v btf{ lstfadf ;d]t hgfpg nufpg'
k5{ .
$!= btf{sf] k|df0fkq vf/]h ug{] M -!_ o; P]gadf]lhd btf{ ePsf] s'g} ;jf/L s'g}
lsl;dn] gfl;Pdf jf rNg g;Sg] u/L lalu|Pdf jf ;w}+sf] nflu g]kfnaflx/
nluPdf ;jf/L wgLn] tL; lbgleq btf{sf] k|df0fkq ;+nUg /fvL To:tf]
;jf/Lsf] nut s§f ug{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf
b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
t/ k'/ftflTjs b[li6sf]0fn] dxTjk"0f{ ;jf/L jf To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] s'g}
kf6{k"hf{ g]kfnaflx/ nUg k/]df ;jf/L wgLn] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] k"j{
:jLs[lt lng' k5{ .
cfjZos hfFra'´ u/L Aoxf]/f ;fFrf] b]v]df To:tf] btf{sf] k|df0fkq vf/]h u/L
;f] sf] Aoxf]/f btf{ lstfadf hgfO{ To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] nut s§f ug{' k5{ .
$@= gjLs/0f b:t'/ ldGxf lbg] M o; P]gadf]lhd btf{ ePsf] s'g} ;jf/L s'g}
sf/0faf6 hkmt eO{ jf b'3{6gfdf k/L jf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 lau|L Ps jif{eGbf
a9L cjlw;Ddsf nflu rNg jf rnfpg g;lsg] ePdf ;jf/L wgLn] ;f] Aoxf]/f
v'nfO{ btf{sf] k|df0fkqsf] ;fy ;f] s'/fsf] k|df0f k]z u/]df clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Ln] To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] btf{sf] k|df0fkq lvrL ;f] ;jf/L rnfpg g;lsg]
17

cjlw;Ddsf] nflu ;f] ;jf/Lsf] wgLn] ltg{' kg{] gjLs/0f b:t'/ ldgfxf lbg
;Sg]5 .
$#= btf{sf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk lbg] M -!_ btf{sf] k|df0fkq x/fPdf, RofltPdf,
´'qf] eO{ ga'l´g] ePdf jf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 gfl;Pdf ;f] eP u/]sf] ldltn]
kGw| lbgleq ;jf/L wgLn] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf
tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;+nUg /fvL b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/]sf] b/vf:t pk/ cfjZos 5fglag ubf{
Aoxf]/f 7Ls b]v]df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;jf/L wgLnfO{ To:tf] btf{sf]
k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk lbg' k5{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd btf{sf] k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk hf/L u/]sf] ;"rgf
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;DalGwt k|x/L sfof{nonfO{ lbg]5 .
$$= ljj/0f k]z ug{' kg{] M -!_ ljb]zaf6 ;jf/L k}7f/L ug{] kmd{, sDkgL jf Ph]06n]
cfkm"n] k}7f/L u/]sf] k|To]s ;jf/Lsf] df]8]n, OlGhg gDa/, r]l;; gDa/ tyf
To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] lsl;d / lgdf{tfsf] gfd ;d]t pNn]v u/L To:tf] ;jf/Lx¿
dWo] s'g ;jf/L s;nfO{ slxn] laqmL u/]sf] / cfkm"n] k}7f/L u/L afFsL /x]sf]
;jf/L dWo] slt ;jf/L df}Hbft /x]sf] 5 eGg] ;d]t v'nfO{ k|To]s dxLgf
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf ljj/0f k]z ug{' k5{ .
-@_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ljb]zaf6 ;jf/L k}7f/L u/L laqmL ljt/0f
ug{] kmd{, sDkgL jf Ph]G6af6 pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvPsf] ljj/0fx¿sf] cltl/Qm
;jf/L k}7f/L tyf laqmL ljt/0f ;DaGwL cGo s'g} cfjZos ljj/0f tyf
sfuhft dfUg ;Sg]5 . To;/L dfluPsf] ljj/0f tyf sfuhft t'¿Gt pknJw
u/fpg] st{Jo To:tf] kmd{, sDkgL jf Ph]G6sf] x'g]5 .
kl/R5]b– $
rfns cg'dltkq ;DaGwL Joj:yf
$%= ;jf/L rnfpg gx'g] M s'g} klg JolQmn] rfns cg'dltkq k|fKt gu/L s'g} klg
;jf/L rnfpg x'Fb}g .

18
$^= ;jf/L rnfpg lbg gx'g] M s;}n] cfˆgf]] :jfldTjsf] jf cfˆgf]] lhDdfdf /x]sf]
s'g} ;jf/L rfns cg'dltkq k|fKt gu/]sf] s'g} JolQmnfO{ rnfpg lbg x'Fb}g .
$&= rfnssf] nflu cof]Uotf M b]xfosf JolQmx¿ rfns cg'dltkq k|fKt ug{
cof]Uo dflgg] 5g\M–
-s_ 7"nf] ;jf/Lsf] lgldQ @! jif{ pd]/ gk'u]sf] JolQm .
-v_ d´f}nf / ;fgf] ;jf/Lsf] lgldQ c7f/ jif{ pd]/ gk'u]sf] JolQm .
t/ df]6/;fOsn tyf To:t} cGo ;fgf] b'O{kfª\u|] ;jf/Lsf] lgldQ ;f]x|
jif{ pd]/ k'u]sf] JolQmn] rfns cg'dltkq k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-u_ 5f/] /f]u ePsf] jf af}nfPsf] jf PsfPs l/Ë6f nfUg] jf d"5f{ x'g]
lsl;dsf] /f]u ePsf] JolQm .
-3_ cfFvfsf] b]Vg] zlQm sdhf]/ eO{ rZdf k|of]u ubf{ klg ;fdfGo tj/n]
b]Vg] zlQm 7Ls gePsf] JolQm .
-ª_ ;fwf/0f Wjlg ;ª\s]t, cfjfh ;'Gg g;Sg] u/L alx/f] ePsf] JolQm .
-r_ /ftf], xl/of], kx]+nf] OToflb /ªx¿ t'¿Gt 5'6\ofpg g;Sg] b[li6bf]if ePsf]
JolQm .
-5_ /tGwf] ePsf] JolQm, jf
-h_ xft v'§f zlQmxLg e} sfd lbg g;Sg] ePsf] JolQm .
t/ ckfËsf] lgldQ vf; lsl;dn] ag]sf] ;jf/Lsf] lgldQ of] v08sf]
aGb]h nfu" x'g] 5}g .
$*= rfns cg'dltkqsf] nflu b/vf:t M -!_ bkmf $& adf]lhdsf] cof]Uotf
gePsf] JolQmn] s'g} ;jf/L rnfpg rfns cg'dltkq lng rfx]df tf]lsPsf]
9fFrfdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] b/vf:t ;fy b/vf:tjfnfn] rfns
cg'dltkqsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] b:t'/, gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk,
xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] cfˆgf]] tLg k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6f], g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f
dfGotf k|fKt lrlsT;sn] lghsf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f u/L lbPsf] lg/f]lutfsf]
19
k|df0fkq / lghn] rnfpg rfx]sf] ;jf/Lsf] ;DaGwdf k|lzIf0f s]Gb|n] lbPsf]

k|df0fkqsf] k|ltlnlk ;d]t ;+nUg ug{' k5{ .
$(= b/vf:tjfnfsf] k/LIf0f M -!_ bkmf $* adf]lhd b/vf:t k/]kl5 b/vf:tjfnf
To:tf] ;jf/L rnfpg ;dy{ 5 5}g / lghnfO{ To:tf] ;jf/L jf ;jf/L ;DaGwL
P]g, lgod tyf 6«flkms ;ª\s]t ;DaGwL ;fdfGo 1fg 5 5}g eGg] s'/fsf] olsg
ug{ k/LIff lng' k5{ . To;/L lnOg] k/LIffsf] ljifo / k/LIff k|0ffnL ljefun]
tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lnOPsf] k/LIffdf c;kmn x'g] b/vf:tjfnfn]
;f] k/LIff ;DkGg ePsf] ldltn] tLg dxLgf k"/f geP;Dd bkmf $* adf]lhd
k'gM b/vf:t lbg kfpg] 5}g .

%)= rfns cg'dltkq lbg] M -!_ bkmf $( adf]lhd =============== k/LIff lnO{
;kmn ePsf b/vf:tjfnfnfO{ ;f] ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zdf clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Ln] cg';"rL – % adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf rfns cg'dltkq lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cg'dltkq lb+bf ;f] cg'dltkqdf 7"nf], d´f}nf,
;fgf] jf tL dWo] s'g} jf ;a} ;jf/L rnfpg lbOPsf] xf] eGg] s'/f :ki6 ¿kdf
hgfpg' k5{ .
-#_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L
rnfpg] rfnsnfO{ lbOg] rfns cg'dltkq ;DaGwL Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
%!= k/LIf0fsfndf /xg] M -!_ bkmf %) adf]lhd lbOg] rfns cg'dltkq z'¿df
Ps jif{sf] nflu k/LIf0fsfndf /xg] u/L lbOg]5 .
-@_ k/LIf0fsfnleq rfnsn] of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf]
lgodadf]lhd kfng ug{' kg{] zt{sf] pNnª\3g kfFr k6seGbf a9L gu/]df
lghsf] cg'/f]wdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] lghsf] rfns cg'dltkq :yfoLdf
kl/0ft u/L lbg' k5{ .
%@= ljb]zL /fi6«af6 k|fKt rfns cg'dltkqsf] dfGotf M s;}n] ljb]zL /fi6««af6
rfns cg'dltkq k|fKt u/]sf] /x]5 eg] ;f] cg'dltkqdf n]lvPsf] ;jf/L

klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f l´lsPsf] .
20
rnfpg To:tf] JolQmn] bkmf $* adf]lhd b/vf:t lbPdf clwsf/ k|fKt

clwsf/Ln] To:tf] JolQmaf6 rfns cg'dltkqsf] nflu nfUg] b:t'/ lnO{ rfns
cg'dltkq lbg ;Sg]5 .
t/ To:tf] JolQmn] rfns cg'dltkq lng s'g} k/LIff lbg' kg{] 5}g .
%#= cGt/f{li6«o rfns cg'dltkq :jtM dfGo x'g] M cGt/f{li6«o rfns cg'dltkq
k|fKt u/]sf] JolQmn] ;f] cg'dltkqdf n]lvPsf] ;jf/Lx¿ g]kfne/ rnfpg
kfpg]5 .
%$= rfns cg'dltkqsf] j}wtf M -!_ bkmf %) adf]lhd rfns cg'dltkq k|fKt
ug{] JolQmn] ;f] cg'dltkqdf n]lvPsf ;jf/Lx¿ dfq rnfpg kfpg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf cwLgdf /xL rfnsn] To:tf] ;jf/L g]kfne/
rnfpg kfpg]5 .
-#_ rfns cg'dltkq lbOPsf] ldltn] kfFr jif{;Dd axfn /xg]5 .
%%= rfns cg'dltkqdf c¿ ;jf/L ;dfj]z ug{] M -!_ s'g} rfnsn] cfkm"n]
kfPsf] rfns cg'dltkqdf n]lvPsf ;jf/Lsf cltl/Qm cGo s'g} ;jf/L ;dfj]z
u/fpg rfx]df ;dfj]z u/fpg rfx]sf] ;jf/Lsf] lsl;d v'nfO{ tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf
tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;+nUg /fvL clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd b/vf:t k/]df k/LIff ;ldltn] rfns
cg'dltkqdf ;dfj]z u/fpg rfx]sf] ;jf/L rfnsn] rnfpg ;S5 ;Qm}g eGg]
s'/fsf] olsg ug{ bkmf $( adf]lhd lghsf] k/LIff lng' k5{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k/LIff ln+bf ;kmn ePsf] rfnssf]
cg'dltkqdf lghn] ;dfj]z u/fpg rfx]sf] ;jf/L ;dfj]z u/L clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Ln] gofF rfns cg'dltkq lbg' k5{ .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd rfns cg'dltkq lb+bf bkmf %! adf]lhd

k/LIf0fsfndf /xg] u/L lbOg]5 .

21
%^= rfns cg'dltkqsf] gjLs/0fM -!_ bkmf %$ sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd rfns
cg'dltkqdf n]lvPsf] Dofb gf3]sf] tLg dxLgfleq To:tf] rfns cg'dltkq
gjLs/0f u/fO{ ;Sg' k5{ .

-@_ rfnsn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq rfns cg'dltkq
gjLs/0f u/fpgsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;+nUg /fvL clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/L
;dIf k]z ug'{ k5{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd gjLs/0fsf] nflu rfns cg'dltkq k]z x'g
cfPdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf] rfns cg'dltkq csf{] kfFr jif{;Ddsf]
nflu gjLs/0f ug{' k5{ .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd Dofb gf3L rfns cg'dltkq gjLs/0f u/fpg
cfpg] rfnsaf6 gjLs/0f b:t'/sf] cltl/Qm ;f] Dofb gf3]sf] Ps jif{;Dd
Ps;o k|ltzt, b'O{ jif{;Dd b'O{;o k|ltzt, tLg jif{;Dd tLg;o k|ltzt, rf/
jif{;Dd rf/;o k|ltzt / kfFr jif{;Dd kfFr;o k|ltzt yk b:t'/ ;d]t lnO{
To:tf] rfns cg'dltkq gjLs/0f ug{' k5{ .
%&= rfns cg'dltkq :jtM /2 x'g] M -!_ bkmf %^ sf] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd
lgwf{l/t cjlw;Dd klg gjLs/0f gul/Psf] rfns cg'dltkq :jtM /2 x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /2 ePsf] rfns cg'dltkqsf] nut btf{
lstfaaf6 s§f ul/g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd btf{ lstfaaf6 nut s§f eO{;s]sf] rfns
cg'dltkq gjLs/0f ul/g] 5}g .
%*= gjLs/0f u/fpFbf lg/f]lutfsf] k|df0fkq k]z ug{' kg{] M ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L
rnfpg] rfnsn] rfns cg'dltkq gjLs/0f u/fpFbf :jLs[t lrlsT;sn] lbPsf]
lg/f]lutfsf] k|df0fkq ;d]t clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug{' k5{ .
%(= rfnssf] 7]ufgf ablnPdf ;"rgf ug{' kg{] M -!_ rfnssf] :yfoL 7]ufgf
ablnPdf Ps dxLgfleq ;f] s'/fsf] ;"rgf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/LnfO{ lbg' k5{ .
clwsf/Ln] rfnssf] gofF 7]ufgf ;d]t btf{ lstfadf hgfpg nufpg' k5{ .

22
^)= rfns cg'dltkq lgnDag ug{ ;lsg] M of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf]
lgodadf]lhd rfnsn] kfng ug{' kg{] zt{x¿ kfFr k6seGbf a9L pNnª\3g
u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf] rfnssf] rfns
cg'dltkq 5 dxLgf;Ddsf] nflu lgnDag ug{ ;Sg]5 .
^!= rfns cg'dltkq vf/]h ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ s'g} rfnsdf bkmf $& df n]lvPsf]
s'g} cof]Uotf ePsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf] rfnssf]
rfns cg'dltkq vf/]h u/L ;f] cg'dltkq lkmtf{ a'´fpg rfnsnfO{ cfb]z
lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] cfb]z k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq
rfnsn] cfˆgf]] cg'dltkq clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L;dIf lkmtf{ a'´fpg' k5{ .
^@= rfns cg'dltkqsf] k|ltlnlk lbg] M -!_ rfns cg'dltkq x/fPdf, RofltPdf,
´'qf] eO{ ga'l´g] ePdf jf s'g} sf/0faf6 gfl;Pdf ;ft lbgleq rfnsn]
;DalGwt clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf rfns cg'dltkqsf] k|ltlnlksf] nflu
tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;d]t /fvL b/vf:t lbg' kg{]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/]sf] b/vf:t pk/ cfjZos 5fgaLg u/L
Aoxf]/f 7Ls b]v]df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] rfnsnfO{ rfns cg'dltkqsf]
k|ltlnlk lbg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd rfns cg'dltkqsf] k|ltlnlk hf/L u/]sf]
;"rgf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;DalGwt k|x/L sfof{nonfO{ lbg]5 .
kl/R5]b– %
kl/rfns cg'dltkq ;DaGwL Joj:yf
^#= cg'dltkq glnO{ kl/rfnssf] sfd ug{ gx'g] M s'g} klg JolQmn] kl/rfns
cg'dltkq k|fKt gu/L s'g} klg ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ldf kl/rfnssf] sfd ug{'
x'Fb}g .

23
^$= kl/rfnssf] sfddf nufpg gx'g] M kl/rfns cg'dltkq k|fKt gu/]sf] s'g}
klg JolQmnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] wgL jf Joj:yfksn] kl/rfnssf] sfddf
nufpg x'Fb}g .
^%= kl/rfnssf] nflu cof]Uotf M b]xfosf] JolQm kl/rfns cg'dltkq k|fKt ug{
cof]Uo x'g]5 M–
-s_ c7f/ jif{ pd]/ gk'u]sf],
-v_ ;fwf/0f n]vk9 ug{ ghfGg],
-u_ lg/f]lutfsf] k|df0fkq k]z ug{ g;Sg] .
^^= kl/rfns cg'dltkqsf] nflu b/vf:t lbg] M -!_ bkmf ^% adf]lhdsf]
cof]Uotf gePsf] JolQmn] s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ldf kl/rfnssf] sfd ug{sf]
nflu kl/rfns cg'dltkq lng rfx]df tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/L ;dIf b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] b/vf:t ;fy b/vf:tjfnfn] kl/rfns
cg'dltkqsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] b:t'/, xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] cfˆgf]] tLgk|lt kf;kf]6{
;fOhsf] kmf]6f], gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk / g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f
dfGotf k|fKt lrlsT;såf/f lbOPsf] lg/f]lutfsf] k|df0fkq ;d]t ;+nUg ug{'
k5{ .
^&= kl/rfns cg'dltkq lbg] M -!_ bkmf ^^ adf]lhd kl/rfns cg'dltkqsf]
nflu b/vf:t k/]df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] cfjZos hfFra'´ u/L
b/vf:t;fy ;+nUg Aoxf]/f ;fFrf] b]lvPdf b/vf:tjfnfnfO{ cg';"rL–^
adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf kl/rfns cg'dltkq lbg' k5{ . o;/L kl/rfns cg'dltkq
k|fKt JolQmn] cfkm" sfo{/t oftfoft ;]jfdf ;+nUg ;fj{hlgs ;jf/LnfO{
;'Jojl:yt 9·af6 kl/rfng ug{] lhDd]jf/L jxg ug{' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lbOPsf] kl/rfns cg'dltkq ;f] lbOPsf]
ldltn] kfFrjif{ ;Dd axfn /xg]5 .
24
^*= kl/rfns cg'dltkqsf] gjLs/0f M -!_ bkmf ^& sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd
kl/rfns cg'dltkqdf lnlvt Dofb gf3]sf] tLg dxLgfleq To:tf] kl/rfns
cg'dltkq gjLs/0f u/fO{ ;Sg' k5{ .
-@_ kl/rfnsn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq kl/rfns cg'dltkq
gjLs/0f u/fpgsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;+nUg /fvL kl/rfns cg'dltkq
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug{' k5{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd gjLs/0fsf] nflu kl/rfns cg'dltkq k]z x'g
cfPdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf] kl/rfns cg'dltkq csf{] kfFr
jif{;Ddsf] nflu gjLs/0f ug{' k5{ .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb gf3L kl/rfns cg'dltkq gjLs/0f
u/fpg cfpg] kl/rfnsaf6 gjLs/0f b:t'/sf] cltl/Qm ;f] Dofb gf3]sf] Ps
jif{;Dd Ps;o k|ltzt, b'O{ jif{;Dd b'O{;o k|ltzt, tLg jif{;Dd tLg;o
k|ltzt, rf/ jif{;Dd rf/;o k|ltzt / kfFr jif{;Dd kfFr;o k|ltzt yk
b:t'/ lnO{ To:tf] kl/rfns cg'dltkq gjLs/0f ug{' k5{ .
^(= kl/rfns cg'dltkq :jtM /2 x'g] M -!_ bkmf ^* sf] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd
lgwf{l/t cjlw;Dd klg gjLs/0f gul/Psf] kl/rfns cg'dltkq :jtM /2
x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /2 ePsf] kl/rfns cg'dltkqsf] nut btf{
lstfaaf6 s§f ul/g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd btf{ lstfaaf6 nut s§f eO{;s]sf] kl/rfns
cg'dltkq gjLs/0f ul/g] 5}g .
&)= kl/rfnssf] 7]ufgf ablnPdf ;"rgf ug{' kg{] M -!_ kl/rfnssf] :yfoL 7]ufgf
ablnPdf Ps dxLgfleq ;f] s'/fsf] ;"rgf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/LnfO{ lbg' k5{ .
clwsf/Ln] kl/rfnssf] gofF 7]ufgf ;d]t btf{ lstfadf hgfpg nufpg' k5{ .
&!= kl/rfns cg'dltkq lgnDag ug{ ;lsg] M of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf]
lgodadf]lhd kl/rfnsn] kfng ug{' kg{] zt{x¿ kfFr k6seGbf a9L pNnª\3g
25
u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf] kl/rfnssf] kl/rfns

cg'dltkq 5 dxLgf;Ddsf] nflu lgnDag ug{ ;Sg]5 .
&@= kl/rfns cg'dltkq vf/]h ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ bkmf ^% df n]lvPsf] s'g}
cof]Uotf kl/rfnsdf ePsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf]
kl/rfnssf] kl/rfns cg'dltkq vf/]h u/L ;f] cg'dltkq lkmtf{ a'´fpg
kl/rfnsnfO{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] cfb]z k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq
kl/rfnsn] cfˆgf]] kl/rfns cg'dltkq clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf lkmtf{
a'´fpg' k5{ .
&#= kl/rfns cg'dltkqsf] k|ltlnlk lbg]M -!_ kl/rfns cg'dltkq x/fPdf jf
cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 gfl;Pdf ;ft lbgleq kl/rfnsn] ;DalGwt clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/L ;dIf kl/rfns cg'dltkqsf] k|ltlnlksf] nflu tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf

tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;d]t /fvL b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] b/vf:t pk/ cfjZos 5fglag u/L Aoxf]/f
7Ls b]v]df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] kl/rfnsnfO{ kl/rfns cg'dltkqsf]
k|ltlnlk lbg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd kl/rfns cg'dltkqsf] k|ltlnlk hf/L u/]sf]
;"rgf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;DalGwt k|x/L sfof{nonfO{ lbg]5 .
kl/R5]b– ^
oftfoft Joj:yfkg
&$= af6f] lgwf{/0f ug{] M ljefun] pko'Qm b]v]sf] 7fpFdf cfjZostfg';f/ ;fj{hlgs
;jf/LnfO{ oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ af6f] lgwf{/0f u/L ;f] sf] ;"rgf
;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf k|sflzt ug{' k5{ .
&%= af6f] Ohfhtkq glnO{ oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ gx'g] M bkmf &$
adf]lhd lgwf{l/t af6f]df af6f] Ohfhtkq k|fKt gu/L s'g} klg ;fj{hlgs
;jf/Ln] oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ kfpg] 5}g .

26
&^= af6f] O{hfhtkqsf] nflu b/vf:t M oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{sf] lgldQ s'g}
;fj{hlgs ;jf/LnfO{ s'g} af6f] k|of]u ug{' k/]df Joj:yfks jf ;jf/L wgLn]
tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf af6f] Ohfhtkqsf] nflu
tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;lxt b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
&&= af6f] Ohfhtkq lbg' kg{] M -!_ bkmf &^ adf]lhd af6f] Ohfhtkqsf] nflu
b/vf:t k/]df clwsf/k|fKt clwsf/Ln] bkmf &* sf] cwLgdf /xL To:tf]
;fj{hlgs ;jf/LnfO{ To:tf] af6f]df k|of]u ug{ cg';"rL –& adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf
af6f] Ohfhtkq lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lbOPsf] af6f] Ohfhtkq ;f] lbOPsf] ldltn]
rf/ dxLgf;Dd axfn /xg]5 .
&*= af6f] Ohfhtkq lb+bf hfFrg' kg{] s'/fx¿
fx¿ M bkmf && adf]lhd s'g} ;fj{hlgs

;jf/LnfO{ af6f] Ohfhtkq lb+bf To:tf] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] wgL jf
Joj:yfksn] b]xfosf s'/fx¿ k"/f u/] gu/]sf] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] hfFr
u/L k"/f u/]sf] eP dfq To:tf] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/LnfO{ af6f] Ohfhtkq lbg'k5{ M–
-s_ ;jf/L rfns, kl/rfns, ;'/IffsdL{ tyf ;jf/Ldf sfd ug{] cGo
sd{rf/L tyf t];|f] kIfsf] aLdf,
-v_ ;jf/Lsf] hfFrkf; /
-u_ btf{sf] k|df0fkq gjLs/0f .
&(= af6f] kl/jt{g ug{' k/]df M -!_ af6f] Ohfhtkqsf] cjlw ;dfKt gx'Fb} ;f] af6f]
Ohfhtkqdf tf]lsPsf] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/LnfO{ cGo s'g} af6f]df k|of]u ug{' k/]df
;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn] k'gM bkmf &^ adf]lhd af6f] Ohfhtkqsf] nflu
b/vf:t lbO{ af6f] Ohfhtkq lng' k5{ .
To:tf] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] nflu klxn] lbPsf] af6f] Ohfhtkq vf/]h u/L gofF
af6f] Ohfhtkq lbg' k5{ .

27
*)= ax' af6f] Ohfhtkq lbg ;lsg] M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]
eP tfklg s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ln] oftfoft ;]jf k'¥ofO{ /x]sf] af6f]df s'g} c;/
gkg{] u/L ;f] af6f];Fu ;DalGwt x'g cfpg] cGo af6f]df ;d]t pQm ;fj{hlgs
;jf/L k|of]u ug{ kfpg] u/L clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] af6f] Ohfhtkq lbg
;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd Ps eGbf a9L af6f]df oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng
ug{ kfpg] u/L ax' af6f] Ohfhtkq lb+bf To:tf] k|To]s af6f]sf] nflu nfUg] af6f]
b:t'/ ;d]t ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] wgL jf Joj:yfksn] a'´fpg' k5{ .
*!= k6s] af6f] Ohfhtkq M -!_ ljz]if sfd k/L s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;jf/LnfO{ af6f]
Ohfhtkqdf n]lvPsf] af6f] afx]s cGo s'g} af6f]df rnfpg' k/]df To:tf]
;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] wgL jf Joj:yfksn] k6s] af6f] Ohfhtkqsf] nflu
tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;d]t ;+nUg /fvL clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L
;dIf b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd b/vf:t k/]df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln]
cfjZos hfFra'´ u/L Aoxf]/f 7Ls b]v]df a9Ldf ;ft lbg;Ddsf] nflu k6s]
af6f] Ohfhtkq lbg ;Sg]5 .
*@= af6f] Ohfhtkq lbg OGsf/ ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s}
s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg s'g} af6f]df oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ af6f]
Ohfhtkq k|bfg ubf{ To:tf] af6f]df ofqLsf] rfk / oftfoft ;]jfdf ;+nUg
;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] ;ª\VofnfO{ x]bf{ km]l/ csf{] ;jf/Lsf] lgldQ ;f]xL af6f]df
af6f] Ohfhtkq k|bfg ug{ cfjZos gb]lvPdf jf k|b"if0fsf] sf/0f jf cGo s'g}
sf/0faf6 s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] lgldQ af6f] Ohfhtkq k|bfg ubf{ ;fj{hlgs
lxtsf] k|lts"n x'g hfG5 eGg] clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/LnfO{ nfu]df lghn]

Joj:yfkg ;ldlt;Fu k/fdz{ u/L af6f] Ohfhtkq lbg OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ dWod af6f] / nfdf] af6f]df oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] ;fj{hlgs
;jf/L tyf To;df ofqf ug{] ofqL Pj+ sfd ug{] sd{rf/L ;d]tsf] ;'/IffnfO{
Wofgdf /fvL To:tf] af6f]df oftfoft ;]jf k|bfg ug{] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] :t/
tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 . clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] tf]lsPsf] :t/ gePsf

28
;fj{hlgs ;jf/LnfO{ To:tf] af6f]df oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ af6f]

Ohfhtkq lbg OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
*#= af6f] Ohfhtkq gjLs/0f M -!_ bkmf && sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd af6f]

Ohfhtkqdf n]lvPsf] Dofb gf3]sf] kGw| lbgleq To:tf] af6f] Ohfhtkq
gjLs/0f u/fO{ ;Sg' k5{ .
-@_ ;jf/L wgL, Joj:yfks jf lghx¿n] v6fPsf] JolQmn] pkbkmf -!_
adf]lhd af6f] Ohfhtkq gjLs/0f u/fpgsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf tf]lsPsf]
b:t'/ ;d]t ;+nUg /fvL clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd gjLs/0fsf] nflu b/vf:t k/]df clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Ln] To:tf] af6f] Ohfhtkq csf]{ rf/ dxLgfsf] nflu gjLs/0f ug'{ k5{ .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb gf3L af6f] Ohfhtkq gjLs/0f
u/fpg cfpg] ;jf/L wgLaf6 ;f] Dofb gf3]sf] Ps dxLgf;Dd gjLs/0f
b:t'/sf] cltl/Qm zt k|ltzt yk b:t'/ lnO{ To:tf] af6f] Ohfhtkq gjLs/0f
ug{' k5{ .
*$= af6f] Ohfhtkq
Ohfhtkq :jtM /2 x'g] M -!_ bkmf *# sf] pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd
lgwf{l/t cjlw;Dd klg gjLs/0f gul/Pdf To:tf] af6f] Ohfhtkq :jtM /2
x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /2 ePsf] af6f] Ohfhtkqsf] nut s§f
ul/g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd nut s§f eO{;s]sf] af6f] Ohfhtkq gjLs/0f
ul/g]5}g .
*%= k'gM af6f] Ohfhtkq lbg ;lsg] M bkmf *$ adf]lhd /2 eO{ nut s§f ePsf]
af6f] Ohfhtkqdf n]lvPsf] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] nflu k'gM af6f] Ohfhtkq lng
cfPdf To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] wgL jf Joj:yfksaf6 bkmf *# adf]lhd lng' kg{]
gjLs/0f tyf yk b:t'/ ;d]t lnO{ lghnfO{ b'O{ xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf u/L
To:tf] ;jf/L rnfpg bkmf && adf]lhd csf{] af6f] Ohfhtkq lbg' k5{ .

29
*^= af6f] Ohfhtkq :ylut ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd af6f] Ohfhtkq
lnPsf] s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L b'3{6gfdf k/L jf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 lau|L rf/
dxLgf jf ;f] eGbf a9L cjlw;Dd rnfpg g;lsg] ePdf ;jf/L wgLn] ;f]
Aoxf]/f v'nfO{ af6f] Ohfhtkq ;+nUg /fvL clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf To:tf]
af6f] Ohfhtkq :ylut ug{sf nflu b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
cfjZos hfFra'´ u/L pko'Qm b]v]df To:tf] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L rnfpg g;lsg]
cjlw;Ddsf nflu To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] af6f] Ohfhtkq :ylut ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-@s_ af6f] Ohfhtkqdf tf]s]sf] af6f]df ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L ;fwg
;~rfng gu/L hghLjgdf k|lts"n c;/ kg]{ u/L oftfoft ;]jf cj¿4 u/]df
g]kfn ;/sf/n] To:tf ;jf/Lx¿sf] af6f] Ohfhtkq a9Ldf Ps dxLgf ;Ddsf]
nflu :ylut ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd af6f] Ohfhtkq :ylut cjlwsf] gjLs/0f
b:t'/ ldgfxf x'g]5 .
*&= af6f] Ohfhtkq /2 ug{ ;lsg] M o; P]gadf]lhd af6f] Ohfhtkq lnPsf] s'g}
;fj{hlgs ;jf/L rnfpg g;lsg] u/L lalu|P jf gfl;Pdf To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] wgL
jf Joj:yfksn] ;f]sf] k|df0f ;+nUg /fvL af6f] Ohfhtkqsf] dfGotf /2 u/fpg
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
**= af6f] Ohfhtkqsf] k|ltlnlk lbg] M -!_ af6f] Ohfhtkq x/fPdf, RofltPdf,
´'qf] eO{ ga'l´g] ePdf jf cGo s'g} sf/0faf6 gfl;Pdf ;f] eP u/]sf] ldltn]
;ft lbgleq ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn] af6f] Ohfhtkqsf] k|ltlnlksf] nflu
tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;d]t ;+nUg /fvL ;DalGwt clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/L ;dIf b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/]sf] b/vf:t pk/ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln]
cfjZos hfFra'´ u/L Aoxf]/f 7Ls b]v]df b/vf:tjfnfnfO{ af6f] Ohfhtkqsf]
k|ltlnlk lbg]5 .

30
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd af6f] Ohfhtkqsf] k|ltlnlk hf/L u/]sf] ;"rgf
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;DalGwt k|x/L sfof{nonfO{ lbg]5 .
*(= hfFrkf; u/fpg' kg{] M -!_ s'g} klg ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] af6f] Ohfhtkq lng
o; P]g adf]lhd To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] hfFrkf; u/fPsf] x'g' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hfFrkf; gu/fO{ s'g} klg ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf]
nflu af6f] Ohfhtkq lbOg] 5}g .
()= hfFrkf;sf] nflu b/vf:t M hfFrkf; u/fpg rfxg] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] wgL
jf Joj:yfksn] hfFrkf;sf] nflu tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;d]t
;+nUg /fvL clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
(!= hfFrkf;sf] k|df0fkq lbg'kg{] M -!_ bkmf () adf]lhd b/vf:t k/]df clwsf/
k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L hfFRg nufO{ To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] oflGqs
l:ylt / :j¿k 7Ls b]lvPdf tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf hfFrkf;sf] k|df0fkq lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lbOg] hfFrkf;sf] k|df0fkqsf] dfGotf 5
dxLgf;Ddsf] nflu x'g]5 .
(@= k'gM hfFrkf; u/fpg' kg{] M-!_ bkmf (! sf] pkbkmf -@_ df n]lvPsf] Dofb
gf3]sf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k'gM hfFrkf;sf] nflu
b/vf:t lbO{ hfFrkf; u/fpg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvPsf] Dofb;Dd k'gM hfFrkf; gu/fPdf ;f] Dofb
gf3]sf] ldltn] k}+tL; lbgleq To:tf] ;jf/L hfFrkf; u/fpg NofPdf hfFrkf;sf]
nflu nfUg] b:t'/sf] cltl/Qm zt k|ltzt yk b:t'/ ;d]t lnO{ To:tf] ;jf/L
hfFrkf; u/L lbg' k5{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq klg hfFrkf; gu/fPdf To:tf]
hfFrkf;sf] k|df0fkq :jtM /2 x'g]5 . o;/L hfFrkf;sf] k|df0fkq /2 ePsf]
;fj{hlgs ;jf/L k'gM hfFrkf; u/fpg NofPdf ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksaf6
pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] b:t'/sf] cltl/Qm kfFrxhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf lnO{
To:tf] ;jf/L k'gM hfFrkf; u/L hfFrkf;sf] k|df0fkq lbg' k5{ .
31
(#= oftfoft ;]jfsf] gfd k~hLs[t ug{' kg{] M -!_ oftfoft ;]jfsf] gfd
ljefudf k~hLs[t gu/L ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn] s'g} klg ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L
oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] sfo{df k|of]u ug{' x'Fb}g .
-@_ oftfoft ;]jfsf] gfd ljefudf k~hLs[t ug{ rfxg] ;jf/L wgL jf
Joj:yfksn] To:tf] ;]jf k~hLs/0fsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf tf]lsPsf] b:t'/
;d]t ;+nUg /fvL ljefu ;dIf b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd k/]sf] b/vf:t pk/ ljefun] cfjZos
hfFra'´ u/L To:tf] oftfoft ;]jfsf] gfd k~hLs[t ug{ pko'Qm b]v]df ;f]
gfdaf6 oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ b/vf:tjfnfnfO{ cg';"rL –* adf]lhdsf]
9fFrfdf cg'dltkq lbg]5 . To;/L oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ cg'dltkq k|fKt
;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn] To:tf] oftfoft ;]jf k|bfg ug{] sfo{ aGb ug{
rfx]df ljefusf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lng' k5{ .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd lbOPsf] cg'dltkq ;f] lbOPsf] ldltn] kfFr
jif{;Dd axfn /xg]5 .
-%_ o; bkmf adf]lhd k~hLs[t oftfoft ;]jfdf sfd ug{]
sd{rf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQm, ;]jfsf zt{ / ;'ljwf ;DaGwL Joj:yf tf]lsP adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
($= oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] cg'dltkqsf] gjLs/0f M -!_ bkmf (# sf]
pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb gf3]sf] tLg dxLgfleq oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng
ug{ lbOPsf] cg'dltkq gjLs/0f u/L ;Sg' k5{ .
-@_ ;jf/L wgL, Joj:yfks jf lghx¿n] v6fPsf] JolQmn] pkbkmf -!_
adf]lhd cg'dltkq gjLs/0f u/fpgsf] nflu tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf b:t'/
;lxt ljefu ;dIf b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd gjLs/0fsf] nflu b/vf:t k/]df ljefun]
To:tf] cg'dltkq csf{] kfFrjif{sf] nflu gjLs/0f ug{' k5{ .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Dofb gf3L To:tf] cg'dltkq gjLs/0f
u/fpg cfpg] ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksaf6 ;f] Dofb gf3]sf] Ps dxLgf;Dd
gjLs/0f b:t'/sf] cltl/Qm zt k|ltzt yk b:t'/ lnO{ gjLs/0f ul/g]5 .
32
(%= oftfoft
oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] cg'dltkq :jtM /2 x'g] M -!_ bkmf ($ sf]
pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd lgwf{l/t cjlw leq oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{]
cg'dltkq gjLs/0f gu/fPdf To:tf] cg'dltkq :jtM /2 x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd /2 ePsf] cg'dltkqsf] nut s§f x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd nut s§f eO{;s]sf] cg'dltkq k'gM gjLs/0f
ul/g] 5}g .
(^= ef8f lgwf{/0f ug{] M -!_ s'g} af6f]df oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] ofqLafxs
tyf dfnafxs ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ln] lng] ef8f b/ tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ ofqLn] cfkm";Fu lgMz'Ns n}hfg kfpg] ofqLu'06fsf] clwstd jhg /
;f] afx]s ef8f lt/L cfkm";Fu n}hfg kfpg] ofqLu'06fsf] clwstd jhg tyf
ef8f tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ o; bkmfadf]lhd tf]lsPsf] ef8f b/ eGbf a9L x'g] u/L ef8f lng'
x'Fb}g .
(&= kl/rokq g´'08\
8ofPsf]
\ofPsf] JolQmn] ofqL l6s6 a]Rg gx'g] M ;fj{hlgs
;jf/Lsf] ofqL l6s6 a]Rg] sfo{df ;+nUg JolQmn] To:tf] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L
;~rfng ug{] k~hLs[t oftfoft ;]jfsf] sd{rf/L kl/rokq g´'08\ofO{ To:tf]
oftfoft ;]jfsf] gfdaf6 ofqL l6s6 a]Rg x'Fb}g .
(*= ofqL l6s6sf] 9fFrf M -!_ ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] ofqL l6s6sf] 9fFrf tf]lsP
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ofqL l6s6 a]Rg] JolQmn] l6s6df ;DalGwt
oftfoft ;]jfsf] 5fk nufPsf] x'g' k5{ .
((= dfn 9'jfgL ubf{ dfn 9'jfgLsf] ljj/0f ;lxtsf] aLn lbg' kg{] M dfnafxs
;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ln] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] dfn 9'jfgL ubf{ dfn;fdfgsf] wgLnfO{
To:tf] dfn;fdfgsf] ljj/0f ;lxt pNn]v ul/Psf] dfn 9'jfgLsf] aLn lbg' k5{ .
To;/L lbOg] aLnsf] 9fFrf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!))= ofqL–
ofqL–;"rL tof/ ug{' kg{] M ljefun] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] dWod af6f] jf nfdf]
af6f]df oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] Joj:yfks jf ;jf/L wgLn] cfˆgf]] ;jf/Ldf
33
ofqf ug{] ;a} ofqL, rfns, kl/rfns, ;'/IffsdL{ tyf ;f] ;jf/Ldf sfd ug{]
cGo sd{rf/L ;d]tsf] gfd, pd]/ / 7]ufgf :ki6 v'nfO{ ofqL–;"rL tof/ ug{'
k5{ . To;/L tof/ ul/Psf] ofqL ;"rLsf] Ps k|lt cfkm";Fu /fvL csf{] k|lt
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L jf lghn] tf]s]sf] JolQm ;dIf ;f] ;jf/L uGtJo
:yfgtkm{ k|:yfg ug{' cufj} k]z ug{' k5{ .
!)!= ofqL / dfn;fdfg ;'/lIft ¿kdf k'¥ofpg' kg{] M -!_ ;fj{hlgs oftfoft
;]jfsf wgL jf Joj:yfksn] dfn;fdfg jf ofqLsf] lhDdf lnPkl5 ofqfsf]
z'¿b]lv uGtJo :yfg;Dd lgwf{l/t ;doleq ;'/Iff;fy k'¥ofpg' lghsf] st{Jo
x'g]5 .
t/ ofqLnfO{ c;'ljwf x'g] u/L uGtJo :yfgdf k'Ug] ;do lgwf{/0f ug{
x'Fb}g .
-@_ s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L lju|]df jf b}jL k/L ;jf/L cl3 a9fpg
g;lsg] ePdf klg ofqLsf] ;'ljwfnfO{ Wofg k'¥ofpg' / ;jf/Ldf /x]sf]
dfn;fdfgsf] ;'/Iff ug{' To:tf] ;jf/Lsf] rfns, kl/rfns, ;'/IffsdL{ jf cGo
sd{rf/Lsf] clgjfo{ bfloTj x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ df n]lvPsf] cj:yf k/L ;jf/L cl3 a9fpg g;lsg]
ePdf klg ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn] ofqLx¿nfO{ uGtJo :yfg;Dd k'¥ofpg]
Joj:yf ug{' kg{]5 .
!)@= ;L6eGbf
;L6eGbf a9L ofqL
ofqL /fVg gx'g] M ofqLafxs ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ldf ;f] ;jf/Lsf]
btf{sf] k|df0fkqdf n]lvPsf] ;L6 ;ª\Vof eGbf a9L ofqL /fvL rnfpg x'Fb}g .
!)#= ofqf lj>fd ug{' kg{] M rf/ 306f eGbf a9Lsf] b"/Ldf rNg] ofqLafxs
;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ln] k|To]s rf/ 306fdf Psk6s cfwf306f lj>fd ug'{ k5{ .
!)$= rfnssf] kfnf] km]g{' kg{] M nfdf] af6f]df oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] ofqLafxs

;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ldf slDtdf b'O{j6f rfns clgjfo{ ¿kdf /fvL k|To]s 5
306fkl5 kfn} kfnf];Fu ;jf/L rnfpg nufpg] st{Jo oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng
ug{] Joj:yfks jf ;jf/L wgLsf] x'g]5 .

34
!)%= l6s6 glnO{ ofqf ug{df k|ltaGw M s'g} klg ofqLn] cfkm"n] ofqf ug{] uGtJo
:yfg;Ddsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] ef8f lt/L lnPsf] l6s6 ;fydf glnO{ ofqf ug{'
x'Fb}g .
!)^= af6f]sf] gS;f / ;do tflnsfsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg] M -!_ clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Ln] k|To]s a; la;f}gLdf ;f] a; la;f}gLaf6 k|:yfg ug{] uGtJo :yfgsf]
af6f]sf] gS;f / ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L k|:yfg ug{] ;do tyf uGtJo :yfgdf k'Ug]
;do tflnsf hfgsf/Lsf] nflu 6fF:g jf h8fg ug{ nufpg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd 6fFl;Psf] jf h8fg ul/Psf] af6f], gS;f jf
;do tflnsfdf s'g} km]/abn ePdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L jf lghn] v6fPsf]
JolQmn] ;f]sf] ;"rgf t'¿Gt ofqLx¿nfO{ lbg] Joj:yf ug{' k5{ .
!)&= ;L6 ;'/lIft /fVg' kg{] M -!_ :yfgLo af6f]df rNg] ofqLafxs ;fj{hlgs 7"nf]
;jf/Ldf rf/j6f ;L6 czQm JolQmsf nflu / b'O{j6f ;L6 dlxnfx¿sf nflu
;'/lIft /fVg' kg{] st{Jo ;f] oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] Joj:yfks jf ;jf/L
wgLsf] x'g]5 .
-@_ nfdf] af6f]df rNg] ofqLafxs ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ldf b'O{j6f ;L6 ;+;b
;b:osf nflu / b'O{j6f ;L6 dlxnfx¿sf nflu ;'/lIft /fVg' kg{] st{Jo ;f]
oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] Joj:yfks jf ;jf/L wgLsf] x'g]5 .
t/ To:tf] ;L6 To:tf] ;jf/L uGtJo :yfgtkm{ k|:yfg ug{] rf/306f
cl3;Dd dfq ;'/lIft /flvg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd
;+ljwfg ;ef ;b:on] vl/b u/]sf] l6s6
cGo s'g} ofqLsf] gfddf x:tfGt/0f x'g ;Sg] 5}g .
!)*= ;'/IffsdL{ /fVg ;lsg] M dWod af6f] / nfdf] af6f]df ofqLafxs ;fj{hlgs
oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] Joj:yfks jf ;jf/L wgLn] ;f] ;jf/L tyf
ofqLx¿sf] ;'/Iffsf] lgldQ ;f] ;jf/Ldf ;'/IffsdL{ pknJw u/fO{ lbg g]kfn
;/sf/;Fu cg'/f]w u/]df jf g]kfn ;/sf/n] To:tf] ;jf/Ldf ;/sf/L ;'/IffsdL{
t}gfy ug{' kg{] cfjZostf b]v]df nfUg] b:t'/ lnO{ cfjZos ;ª\Vofdf ;'/IffsdL{
pknJw u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg'g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f ;+zf]lwt .
35
!)(= cg'lrt Jojxf/ ug{ gx'g] M s;}n] klg ofqL, rfns, kl/rfns tyf
;'/IffsdL{;Fu cg'lrt Jojxf/ ug{' x'Fb}g .
!!)= ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ldf w"d|kfg ug{ gx'g] M ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ldf w"d|kfg ug{
x'Fb}g .
!!!= rfns;F
rfns;u
F s'/f ug{ gx'g] M ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L rln/x]sf] ;dodf s;}n] klg ;f]
;jf/Lsf] rfns;Fu s'/f ug{ jf lghnfO{ ;jf/L rnfpg] sfo{df afwf k'Ug] s'g}
sfo{ ug{ jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
!!@= km]nf k/]sf] dfn;fdfg a'emfpg'
mfpg' kg{] M ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ldf km]nf k/]sf] s'g}
klg dfn;fdfg ;f] km]nf k/]sf] rf}jL; 306fleq tTsfn sfo{/t ;f] ;jf/Lsf]
sd{rf/Ln] ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksnfO{ a'´fpg' k5{ . To;/L km]nf k/]sf]
dfn;fdfg ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn] cfkm"nfO{ k|fKt x'g cfPsf] rf}aL;
306fleq clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L jf glhssf] oftfoft Joj;foL ;+3sf]
sfof{nodf a'´fpg' k5{ .
!!#= ofqL lng OGsf/ ug{ gx'g] M dWod jf nfdf] af6f]df rNg] jf PS;k|];
oftfoft ;]jf k|bfg ug{] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L afx]s cGo ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ln] ;jf/L
vfnL/x]sf] cj:yfdf ofqL lng OGsf/ ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
!!$= g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljz]if clwsf/ M o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf]
ePtfklg s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;jf/LnfO{ s'g} vf; cjlw;Ddsf] nflu s'g} 7fpFdf
oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{' kg{] u/L ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksnfO{ g]kfn
;/sf/n] cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]b– &
cfjfudg lgoGq0f
!!%= ;jf/Lsf] ult lgwf{/0f M -!_ ljefun] s'g} ;fj{hlgs :yfgsf ;DaGwdf ;jf/L
rnfpg] ult lgwf{/0f ug{ cfjZos b]v]df ;f] :yfgdf ;jf/Lsf] ult lgwf{/0f
u/L ;f] eGbf a9L j]udf ;jf/L rnfpg lgif]w ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L ult lgwf{/0f
ul/Psf] :yfgdf ;f] lgwf{l/t ulteGbf a9L j]un] ;jf/L rnfpg x'Fb}g .
36
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ult lgwf{/0f u/L a9L j]udf ;jf/L rnfpg
lgif]lwt ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf lgwf{l/t ult ;DaGwL ;"rgf jf ;ª\s]t ljefun]
6fF:g jf h8fg ug{ nufpg' k5{ .
-#_ bdsn, PDa'n]G; tyf la/fdL n}hfg] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf rnfOPsf]
;jf/Lsf] xsdf pkbkmf -!_ nfu" x'g] 5}g .
t/ To:tf] ;jf/Ln] ;8sdf lx8\g] a6'jf tyf cGo ;jf/LnfO{ ;r]t
ug{sf] lglDt ljz]if lsl;dsf] WjgL tyf aQLsf] k|of]u ug{' k5{ .
!!^= ;jf/Lsf] jhg M ljefun] s'g} ;fj{hlgs :yfgsf] ;DaGwdf ;jf/Lsf] jhgsf]
xb lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L ;jf/Lsf] jhgsf] xb lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] eP
To;/L lgwf{l/t jhg eGbf a9L x'g] u/L To:tf] ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf s;}n] ;jf/L
rnfpg jf rnfpg nufpg x'Fb}g .
!!&= ;jf/Ldf /flvg] dflg; / dfn;fdfgsf] xb tf]Sg] M -!_ ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ldf
/fVg ;lsg] dflg;sf] ;ª\Vof / dfn;fdfgsf] jhg ljefun] lgwf{/0f u/L ;f]sf]
;"rgf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu k|sflzt ug{' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgwf{l/t dflg;sf] ;+ª\Vof / dfn;fdfgsf]
jhgeGbf a9L x'g] u/L s'g} klg ;jf/Ldf dflg; jf dfn;fdfg /fVg x'Fb}g .
!!*= ;jf/L rnfpg k|ltaGw nufpg]
nufpg] M o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg ljefun] ;fj{hlgs ;'/Iff tyf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] enfO{sf] lgldQ s'g}
;fj{hlgs :yfgdf s'g} ;jf/L rnfpgdf k|ltaGw nufpg ;Sg]5 . o;/L
k|ltaGw nufOPsf]df ljefun] ;f] s'/fsf] ;"rgf To:tf] :yfgdf 6fF:g, 6fFUg jf
h8fg ug{ nufpg' k5{ .
!!(= 6«flkms ;ª\
;ªs]
\st] 6fF:g], 6fFUg] jf h8fg ug{] M -!_ ljefun] cfjZos b]v]sf]
;fj{hlgs :yfgx¿df cGt/f{li6«o k|rng cg'¿ksf] /+u, cfsf/ / gd"gf
adf]lhdsf] cfjZos 6«flkms ;ª\s]tx¿ 6fF:g, 6fFUg jf h8fg ug{ nufpg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd 6fFl;Psf], 6fFluPsf] jf h8fg ul/Psf] 6«flkms
;ª\s]tx¿ ljefu jf ljefun] v6fPsf] JolQm afx]s c¿ s;}n] ;f] :yfgaf6
x6fpg, abNg, x]/km]/ ug{, d]6\g, RofTg jf s]/d]6 ug{ x'Fb}g .
37
!@)= 6«flkms ;ª\

;ªs]
\st] sf] kfng ug{' kg{] M -!_ rfnsn] ;jf/L rnfpFbf 6«flkms
;ª\s]tsf] kfng u/L ;jf/L rnfpg' k5{ .
-@_ rfnsn] kfng ug{' kg{] 6«flkms ;ª\s]tx¿ tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .
!@!= kfls{Ë :yfg tyf a; la;f}gL lgwf{/0f ug{] M clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ufpF,
gu/ tyf lhNnfsf :yfgLo lgsfosf kbflwsf/Lx¿;Fu k/fdz{ u/L d"n
;8ssf] cfjfudgdf k|lts"n c;/ gkg{] u/L kfls{Ë:yn tyf a; la;f}gLx¿
lgwf{/0f ug{' k5{ .
!@@= ;jf/LnfO{ vt/f x'g] lsl;daf6 /fVg gx'g] M -!_ s'g} klg ;jf/L c¿ s'g}
;jf/L jf JolQmnfO{ vt/f, afwf jf c;'ljwf x'g] u/L s'g} ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf
/fVg x'Fb}g .
-@_ s'g} ;jf/L rnfpFbf rnfpFb}sf] cj:yfdf lalu|Pdf To:tf] ;jf/L
tTsfn cGoq nfg ;lsg] l:ylt gePdf b'3{6gf gx'g] lsl;daf6 ;8ssf] afofF
lsgf/f nufO{ /fvL /fqLsf] ;dodf To:tf] ;jf/LnfO{ cGo ;jf/Ln] 6f9}af6 b]Vg
;Sg] u/L /ftf] aQL jf l/ˆn]S6/ nufO{ /fVg' k5{ .
!@#= ;jf/Lsf] cGo efudf dflg; /fVg gx'g] M s'g} ;jf/L rfns jf ;jf/L wgL
jf Joj:yfksn] nfdf] Pj+ dWod af6f]df rNg] ;jf/Ldf dflg; a:g ag]sf] ;L6
afx]s ;jf/Lsf] cGo efudf / :yfgLo af6f]df rNg] ;jf/Ldf dflg; a:g
ag]sf] ;L6 Pj+ leqL efu afx]s cGo efudf dflg; /fvL ;jf/L rnfpg jf
rnfpg nufpg x'Fb}g .
!@$= rfnsnfO{ afwf k'Ug] sfd ug{ gx'g] M s;}n] rfnssf] If]q -8«fO{e/ s]jLg_
leq rfnsnfO{ k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ¿kdf afwf k'Ug] u/L dfn;fdfg /fvL jf
cfkm" peLO{ jf cGo s'g} k|sf/af6 afwf k'Ug] lsl;dsf] Jojxf/ ug{ x'Fb}g .
!@%= cfjfudgdf afwf kfg{ gx'g] M s'g} klg ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf s'g} klg dflg; jf
;jf/Lsf] cfjfudgdf afwf k'Ug] u/L dfn;fdfg jf ;jf/L /fVg x'Fb}g .
t/ s'g} ljz]if kl/l:ylt k/L s'g} ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf s]xL ;dosf] nflu
s'g} dfn;fdfg /fVg'kg{] ePdf ghLssf] k|x/L sfof{nonfO{ ;f]sf] hfgsf/L lbO{
To:tf] sfof{nosf] :jLs[lt lng' k5{ .
38
!@^= ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf vfN6f] vGbf ;fª\

;fªs]
\sl] ts lrGx /fVg' kg{] M -!_ s'g} klg
;fj{hlgs :yfgdf s'g} sfd k/L vfN6f] vGbf glhssf] k|x/L sfof{nosf] k"j{
:jLs[lt lng' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf vfN6f] vGg] :jLs[lt lb+bf
;f] :yfgdf b'3{6gf gx'g] lsl;daf6 ;fª\s]lts lrGx /fVg nufpg' k5{ .
!@&= ;jf/Ldf ;f+s]
sl] ts lrGx /fVg' kg{
kg] M s'g} klg lsl;dsf] vt/fk"0f{ dfn;fdfg
9'jfgL ug{] sfo{df ;+nUg dfnafxs ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ldf To:tf] dfn;fdfg /x]sf]
s'/f cGo ;jf/L tyf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu ;f+s]lts lrGx b]lvg] u/L
/fVg' k5{ .
!@*= ;jf/LnfO{ dfu{ kl/jt{g ug{ / ofqLnfO{ aGws agfpg gx'g] M -!_rfnsn]
cfˆgf]] ;jf/L lglb{i6 dfu{df rnfO{ /x]sf] ;dodf ;f] ;jf/LnfO{ cGo dfu{af6
n}hfg s'g} klg JolQmn] 8/, qf; b]vfpg jf s'g} lsl;dsf] zlQmsf] k|of]u ug{
jf u/fpg x'Fb}g .
-@_ s;}n] ;jf/Ldf /x]sf s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ aGws agfO{ To:tf] ;jf/L
jf aGws agfOPsf] JolQmsf] d'lStsf] nflu s'g} klg lsl;dsf] dfu /fVg' x'Fb}g .
!@(= b'3{6gfdf k/]sf ;jf/L / ofqLsf] xflg gf]S;fgL ug{ gx'g] M s'g} ;jf/L
b'3{6gfdf k/L xtfxt jf 3fOt] ePsf ofqL tyf ;jf/Ldf sfd ug{] s'g}
JolQmnfO{ lk6\g jf ltgLx¿sf] dfn;fdfgsf] lxgfldgf ug{, vf]:g jf
ltgLx¿nfO{ s'g} klg lsl;dn] xflg gf]S;fgL k'¥ofpg' x'Fb}g .
!#)= ;jf/L rnfpFbf ;'/Iffk]6L tyf x]Nd]6 nufpg' kg{] M -!_ tf]lsP adf]lhdsf]
;jf/L rnfpFbf rfns tyf ;jf/Lsf] cl3Nnf] ;L6df a:g] JolQmn] ;'/Iffk]6L
afFWg' k5{ .
-@_ df]6/ ;fOsn tyf cGo To:t} b'O{ kfª\u|] ;jf/L rnfpFbf rfnsn]
tyf ;f] ;jf/Ldf a:g] dflg;n] ;'/Iff 6f]k -x]Nd]6_ nufpg' k5{ .
!#!= vf]h]sf] a]nf b]vfpg' kg{] M -!_ s'g} klg rfnsn] rfns cg'dltkq k|x/L jf
oftfoft lg/LIfsn] hfFra'´sf] l;nl;nfdf x]g{ vf]h]df b]vfpg' k5{ .
39
-@_ k|x/L jf oftfoft lg/LIfsn] hfFra'´sf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} ;jf/Lsf]

btf{sf] k|df0fkq jf ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] af6f] Ohfhtkq x]g{ vf]h]df To:tf]
;jf/Lsf] rfns, ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn] btf{sf] k|df0fkq jf af6f]
Ohfhtkq b]vfpg' k5{ .
!#@= ;jf/L /f]Sg' kg{] M rfnsn] cfkm"n] rnfO/x]sf] ;jf/L b]xfosf] cj:yfdf /f]sL
cfjZostfg';f/ plrt ;do;Dd c8\ofO{ /fVg' k5{ M–
-s_ k|x/L jf oftfoft lg/LIfsn] ;jf/L /f]Sg ;ª\s]t u/]df jf cfb]z
lbPdf .
-v_ s'g} hgfj/ ´:sL jf t;L{ a]sfa' x'g] ;+efjgf eO{ ;f] hgfj/ tTsfn
lhDdfdf /x]sf] JolQmn] ;jf/L /f]Sg ;ª\s]t u/]df jf cg'/f]w u/]df .
-u_ ;jf/L b'3{6gfu|:t eO{ s'g} dflg;, hgfj/ jf ;DklQsf] xflg gf]S;fgL
ePsf]df .
-3_ h]a|f qml;ªdf dflg; cf]x/ bf]x/ u/]sf] cj:yfdf jf bf]af6f] jf
rf}af6f]df /x]sf] 6«flkms aQLn] /f]Sg] ;ª\s]t u/]sf]df .
!##= b'3{6gf ePdf rfnssf] st{Jo M -!_ s'g} ;jf/Ln] s'g} b'3{6gf u/L dflg;sf]
hLp Hofgdf s'g} lsl;dsf] vt/f jf rf]6 k6s kg{ uPsf] /x]5 eg] ;f]
;jf/Lsf] rfns, kl/rfns, ;'/IffsdL{ jf ;f] ;jf/Ldf sfd ug{] cGo sd{rf/Ln]
To:tf] dflg;sf] pkrf/sf] nflu t'¿Gt cfjZos Joj:yf ug{' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;jf/L b'3{6gfu|:t ePsf] :yfgdf s'g} k|x/L
gePdf rfnsn] t'¿Gt ;f] b'3{6gfsf] hfgsf/L tyf ljj/0f ghLssf] k|x/L
sfof{nonfO{ lbg' k5{ . s'g} k|x/Ln] b'3{6gfsf] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt ;jf/L
rfns;Fu s'g} s'/fsf] ;f]wk'5 u/]df lghn] ;f]lwPsf] ;a} s'/f atfpg' k5{ .
!#$= b'3{6gf k/]sf] ;jf/Lsf] lg/LIf0f M b'3{6gfsf] hfFra'´sf] lgldQ ;f] b'3{6gf ug{]
jf ;f] b'3{6gfdf kg{] ;jf/Lsf] lg/LIf0f ug{ cfjZos b]v]df ;DalGwt k|x/Ln]
To:tf] ;jf/L cfkm" ;dIf bflvn ug{ nufO{ jf To:tf] ;jf/L /x]sf] 7fpFdf uO{
lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
40
!#%= ;jf/L afofFlt/af6 rnfpg' kg{] M -!_ s'g} klg ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf ;jf/L
rnfpFbf rfnsn] tf]lsPsf] :yfgdf afx]s cGo :yfgdf jfofF lsgf/f RofkL
rnfpg' k5{ .
-@_ cufl8 uO{/x]sf] ;jf/LnfO{ pl5gL hfg' k/]df ;+s]t lbO{ pQm
;jf/Lsf] rfnsn] cufl8 hfg ;+s]t lbPkl5 dfq k5fl8sf] ;jf/Ln] bflxg]
lt/af6 pl5gL hfg' k5{ . o;/L k5fl8sf] ;jf/Ln] pl5gL hfgsf] nflu ;+s]t
lbPdf cufl8sf] ;jf/Ln] cj:yf x]/L cufl8 hfgsf] lgldQ k5fl8sf] ;jf/LnfO{
;+s]t lbg' k5{ .
!#^= k]6Laf6 lx+8g'\g' kg{] M dflg; lx+8\g] k]6L ePsf] ;8sdf dflg;x¿ ;f] k]6Laf6 g}
lx+8\g' k5{ . k]6L gePsf] ;8sdf lx+8\bf ;f] ;8ssf] lsgf/f RofkL lx8\g] ug{'
k5{ .
!#&= lgwf{l/t 7fpFaf6 af6f]
af6f] sf6\
sf6g'\g' kg{] M k}bn lx+8\g] dflg;n] af6f] sf6\g' kbf{ h]a|f
qml;Ë, ;a–j], cf]e/x]8 a|Lh jf To:tf] af6f] sf6\gsf] nflu lgwf{l/t ul/Psf]
7fpFaf6 dfq af6f] sf6\g' k5{ .
!#*= kfNt' kz'kG5L 5f8\
5f8g\ gx'g] M ;jf/L rnfpg jf dflg; lx+8\gnfO{ afwf kg{] u/L
s'g} klg 3/ kfn'jf kz'kG5L ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf 5f8\g x'Fb}g .
!#(= hfgsf/L lbg'kg{] M -!_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L, oftfoft lg/LIfs jf k|x/Ln]
s'g} ;jf/Lsf] ;DaGwdf dfu]sf] s'g} klg hfgsf/L ;f] ;jf/Lsf] wgLn]
lghx¿nfO{ lbg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L jf To;sf]
rfns, kl/rfns, ;'/IffsdL{ jf To:tf] ;jf/Ldf sfd ug{] s'g} sd{rf/L;Fu
;DalGwt ePdf To:tf] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] wgL jf Joj:yfksn] To;/L
dfluPsf] hfgsf/L clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L jf oftfoft lg/LIfs jf k|x/LnfO{
oyfzL3| lbg' k5{ .
!$)= 3'DtL lg/LIfs M -!_ of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodsf] kfngf u/]
gu/]sf] lg/LIf0f ug{ k|x/L jf oftfoft lg/LIfsn] cfjZostf cg';f/ 3'DtL
lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
41
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd 3'DtL lg/LIf0f ubf{ k|x/L jf oftfoft

lg/LIfsn] bkmf !^$ df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] sfd sf/jfxL ePsf] b]v]df
To:tf] ug{] JolQmnfO{ tTsfn ;f] bkmfdf n]lvP adf]lhdsf] ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!$!= rfnsn] cfˆgf]] cg'dltkq c¿nfO{ lbg gx'g] M s'g} klg rfnsn] c¿nfO{
;jf/L rnfpgsf] lgldQ cfˆgf]] cg'dltkq lbg x'Fb}g .
!$@= dfbs tyf cGo nfu" kbfy{ ;]jg ug{ gx'g] M ;jf/L rnfpFbf rfnsn] dfbs
jf cGo s'g} klg k|sf/sf] nfu" kbfy{ ;]jg ug{ x'Fb}g .
!$#= /ftL ;jf/L rnfpFbf aQL afNg' kg{] M s'g} klg ;jf/L cFWof/f]df jf s'lx/f]
nfu]sf] a]nfdf rnfpFbf ;f] ;jf/Lsf] aQL afNg' k5{ .
!$$= cj:yf 7Ls gePsf] ;jf/L rnfpg gx'g] M ;jf/Lsf] s'g} klg kf6{ k'hf{ lau|L
cj:yf 7Ls gePsf] ;jf/L rnfpg x'Fb}g .
!$%= cfjZos ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] M s'g} klg ;jf/Ln] b'3{6gfdf k/]sf] ;jf/L jf
;jf/Ldf /x]sf ofqLx¿nfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' k5{ .
!$^= k|rf/ k|;f/ ug{] u/fpg]M ;jf/L b'3{6gfsf] /f]syfd ug{ 6«flkms ;ª\s]tsf]
hfgsf/L ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ u/fpgsf] lgldQ ;do ;dodf ljefun] ljleGg
;~rf/ dfWodaf6 6«flkms ;ª\s]t ;DaGwL sfo{qmdx¿ k|;fl/t ug{] Joj:yf ug{'
k5{ .
!$&= nfk/jfxL;fy ;jf/L rnfpg gx'g] M s'g} rfnsn] ;jf/L rnfpFbf
nfk/jfxL;fy ;jf/L rnfpg x'Fb}g .
kl/R5]b–*
aLdf ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!$*= ;jf/Lsf] aLdf u/fpg' kg{] M -!_ ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn] tf]lsP adf]lhd
k|To]s ;jf/Lsf] aLdf u/fpg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd aLdf gu/]sf] ;jf/Lsf] btf{sf] k|df0fkq
gjLs/0f ul/g] 5}g / To:tf] ;jf/L ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L eP To:tf] ;fj{hlgs
42
;jf/LnfO{ oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ k~hLs[t ul/g] / af6f] Ohfhtkq k|bfg
ul/g] 5}g .
!$(= rfns, kl/rfns, ;'/IffsdL{ tyf cGo sd{rf/Lsf] aLdf M -!_ oftfoft
;]jfdf ;+nUg k|To]s ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] rfns, kl/rfns, ;'/IffsdL{ tyf ;f]
;jf/Ldf sfd ug{] cGo sd{rf/Lsf] tf]lsPsf] /sdsf] b'3{6gf aLdf ;jf/L wgL
jf Joj:yfksn] ug{' k5{ .
-@_ ;jf/Lsf] b'3{6gfaf6 rfns, kl/rfns, ;'/IffsdL{ tyf cGo
sd{rf/Lsf] cËeË jf d[To' ePdf ;f] afkt kfpg] aLldt /sd lgh :jo+ jf
lghsf] ghLssf] xsjfnfn] kfpg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd rfns, kl/rfns, ;'/IffsdL{sf] aLdf gu/fO{
oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ubf{ s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L b'3{6gf x'g uO{ lghx¿nfO{
s'g} klg lsl;dsf] xflg gf]S;fgL ePdf lghx¿n] kfpg' kg{] pkbkmf -!_
adf]lhdsf] aLdf /sd lghx¿ jf lghx¿sf] xsjfnfnfO{ ;jf/L wgL jf
Joj:yfksn] Ifltk"lt{ afkt lbg' k5{ .
!%)= ofqLsf] aLdf M -!_ tf]lsPsf] af6f]df oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] ;jf/L wgL
jf Joj:yfksn] ofqf ug{] k|To]s ofqLsf] tf]lsPsf] /sdsf] b'3{6gf aLdf u/fpg'
k5{ .
-@_ ;jf/L b'3{6gfaf6 ofqLsf] cËeË ePdf cËeË eP afktsf] b'3{6gf
aLdfsf] /sd lghn] kfpg]5 / ;f] b'3{6gfaf6 lghsf] d[To' ePdf lghsf]
ghLssf] xsjfnfn] ;f] afkt kfpg' kg{] b'3{6gf aLdfsf] /sd kfpg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ofqLsf] aLdf gu/fO{ oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng
ubf{ s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L b'3{6gfu|:t eO{ To;df ofqf ul//x]sf s'g} klg
ofqLnfO{ s'g} klg lsl;dsf] xflg gf]S;fgL ePdf lghn] kfpg' kg{] pkbkmf -!_
adf]lhdsf] aLdf /sd lgh jf lghsf] xsjfnfnfO{ ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn]
IftLk"lt{ afkt lbg' k5{ .
!%!= ofqLu'06fsf] aLdf M -!_ tf]lsPsf] af6f]df oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] ;jf/L
wgL jf Joj:yfksn] ofqf ug{] k|To]s ofqLsf] ofqLu'06fsf] tf]lsPsf] /sdsf]
aLdf u/fpg' k5{ .
43
-@_ ofqLu'06fsf] jf:tljs d"No hlt;'s} eP tfklg To:tf] ofqLu'06f

s'g} sf/0faf6 x/fP jf gi6 ePdf pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ul/Psf] aLdf
/sdeGbf a9L x'g] u/L bfjL ul/Psf] Ifltk"lt{sf] /sd k|lt ;jf/L wgL jf
Joj:yfks pQ/bfoL x'g] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ofqLu'06fsf] aLdf gu/fO{ s'g} ;fj{hlgs
;jf/Ln] oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ubf{ s'g} ofqLu'06f x/fP jf gi6 ePdf ofqLn]
kfpg' kg{] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] aLdf /sd ofqL jf lghsf] xsjfnfnfO{
;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn] IftLk"lt{ afkt lbg' k5{ .
!%@= t];|f] kIfsf] aLdf M -!_ ;jf/Lsf] b'3{6gfaf6 s'g} t];|f] kIf jf lghsf] s'g}
;DklQ s'g} lsl;dn] gf]S;fg ePdf ;f] gf]S;fgLsf] IftLk"lt{ lbg] k|of]hgsf
nflu ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn] tf]lsPsf] /sdsf] t];|f] kIfsf] aLdf u/fpg'
k5{ .
-@_ ;jf/L b'3{6gfaf6 s'g} t];|f] kIf jf lghsf] s'g} ;DklQ gf]S;fg
ePdf ;f] gf]S;fgLsf] IftLk"lt{ afkt pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] /sd lgh jf
lghsf] xsjfnfn] kfpg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd t];|f] kIf jf slDk|x]G;Le aLdf gu/fO{ rnfPsf]
;jf/L b'3{6gfu|:t eO{ s'g} t];|f] kIf jf lghsf] ;DklQ gf]S;fg ePdf gf]S;fgL
afkt t];|f] kIf jf lghsf] xsjfnfn] kfpg' kg{] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] aLdf
/sd lgh jf lghsf] xsjfnfnfO{ ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn] Ifltk"lt{ afkt
lbg' k5{ .
kl/R5]b– (
sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
!%#=
!%#= ljefusf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M ljefusf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5 M–
-s_ ;+ul7t Pj+ k|efjsf/L 9Ëaf6 oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng u/fpg To;sf]
cfly{s tyf k|fljlws kIfdf cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg ug{] jf ug{ nufO{
tT;DaGwL cfjZos gLlt lgwf{/0f ug{] .
44
-v_ oftfoftsf] ;'Joj:yf / ljsf;sf] nflu oftfoft ;]jf;Fu ;DalGwt

JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ cfjZos lgb{]zg lbg] .
-u_ cfjZostf cg';f/ dfn;fdfg 9'jfgLsf] k|fyldstf tf]sL ;f] k|fyldstf
cg'¿k dfn;fdfg 9'jfgL ug{ oftfoft ;]jf;Fu ;DalGwt JolQm, kmd{,
sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ lgb{]zg lbg] .
-3_ oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ ofqLsf] rfknfO{ b[li6ut u/L cfjZostf
cg';f/ af6f]sf] lgwf{/0f u/L ;f] af6f]df rNg] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] ef8f
lgwf{/0f ug{] .
-ª_ cGt/f{li6«o k|rng cg'¿k 6«flkms ;+s]tx¿ ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf /fVg]
Joj:yf ug{] .
-r_ ;jf/Lsf] ult, jhg / ;jf/Ldf /flvg] ofqL ;ª\Vof lgwf{/0f ug{] .
-5_ ;jf/Lsf] oflGqs l:ylt tyf :j¿ksf] hfFra'´sf] ;DaGwdf cfjZos
dfkb08 tof/ / lgwf{/0f ug{] .
-h_ rfnsx¿;Fu lnOg] k/LIffsf] laifo / k/LIff k|0ffnL tf]Sg] .
-´_ oftfoft ;]jfsf] ;'b[9Ls/0fsf] lglDt cfjZos cGo sfd sf/jfxL ug{] .
!%$= oftfoft Joj:yfkg ;ldlt M k|To]s If]qdf rNg] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lx¿nfO{
Jojl:yt¿kdf ;~rfng ug{ b]xfosf ;b:ox¿ ePsf] oftfoft Joj:yfkg
;ldlt u7g ul/g]5 M–
-s_ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L -oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{no
/x]sf] lhNnf_ – cWoIf
-v_ k|d'v, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no – ;b:o
-u_ oftfoft Joj;foLx¿sf] k|ltlglw Pshgf – ;b:o
-3_ oftfoft dhb"/x¿sf] k|ltlglw Pshgf – ;b:o
-ª_ k|d'v, oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{no – ;b:o–;lrj
!%%= oftfoft Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M oftfoft Joj:yfkg
;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5 M–
45
-s_ cfˆgf]] If]qleq rNg] oftfoft ;]jf lgjf{w¿kdf ;~rfng ug{ ;fj{hlgs
;jf/Lx¿nfO{ oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{] sfo{df ;+nUg u/fpg] .
-v_ cfˆgf]] If]qleq af6f] sfod gePsf] 7fpFdf s]xL ;dosf] nflu af6f]
sfod u/L oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{' kg{] eP c:yfoL af6f] sfod u/L
;f] af6f]df rNg] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] ef8f lgwf{/0f ug{ ljefudf
l;kmfl/; ug]{ .
-u_ cfˆgf]] If]qleq ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lx¿n] af6f]sf] Ohfhtkq lnO{ oftfoft
;]jf ;~rfng u/] gu/]sf], ;do ;dodf ;f] sf] gjLs/0f u/] gu/]sf]
lg/LIf0f ug{] jf ug{ nufpg] .
-3_ cfˆgf]] If]qleq rNg] ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lx¿n] ;do ;dodf hfFrkf; u/]
gu/]sf] / of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodsf] cwLgdf /xL
lgoldt oftfoft ;]jf k|bfg u/] gu/]sf] ;do ;dodf lg/LIf0f ug{] jf
ug{ nufpg] .
-ª_ cfˆgf]] If]qleq ofqLsf] rfk / ;jf/Lsf] ;ª\Vof OToflbsf] cWoog u/L
s'g} 7fpFdf oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{' kg{] cfjZos b]v]df ;f] If]qdf
af6f] lgwf{/0f x'g ljefu ;dIf l;kmfl/z ug{] .
-r_ cfˆgf]] If]qleq oftfoft ;]jf ;'Jojl:yt¿kdf ;~rfng ug{ cGo
cfjZos sfd sf/jfxL ug{] .
!%^= k/LIff ;ldlt M -!_ ;jf/L rfns cg'dltkqsf] nflu b/vf:t lbg] JolQm
To:tf] ;jf/L rnfpg ;dy{ 5 5}g eGg] s'/f olsg ug{sf] nflu bkmf $(
adf]lhd k/LIff lng b]xfosf ;b:ox¿ ePsf] Ps k/LIff ;ldlt /xg]5 M–
-s_ k|d'v, oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{no – cWoIf
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]lslbPsf] k|x/L clws[t – ;b:o
-u_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] ljz]if1 – ;b:o
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn] rfns cg'dltkqsf] nflu b/vf:t
lbg] JolQmx¿sf] k/LIff lnO{ ;kmn ePsfx¿nfO{ rfns cg'dltkq k|bfg ug{
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{' k5{ .
46
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] a}7s cfjZostf cg';f/ ;ldltn]

lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd a:g]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltn] rfnsx¿sf nflu lng] k/LIffsf]
ljifo / k/LIff k|0ffnL ljefun] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!%&= oftfoft lg/LIfssf] lgo'lQm
Qm M of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodsf]
cwLgdf /xL ;jf/Lx¿ rnfPsf] jf grnfPsf] / oftfoft ;]jfdf ;+nUg
;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lx¿n] of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod adf]lhd kfng
ug{'kg{] zt{x¿ k"/f u/] gu/]sf] lg/LIf0f ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] oftfoft lg/LIfs
lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!%*= oftfoft lg/LIfssf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M oftfoft lg/LIfssf] sfd,
st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfoadf]lhd x'g]5 M–
-s_ oftfoft ;]jfdf ;+nUg ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Ln] af6f]sf] Ohfhtkq k|fKt
af6f]df oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng u/] gu/]sf] lg/LIf0f ug{] .
-v_ oftfoft ;]jfdf ;+nUg ePsf ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lx¿n] lgwf{l/t ;L6 tyf
jhg Ifdtfsf cwLgdf /xL ofqL /fVg] tyf dfn;fdfg nfb\g] sfo{ u/]
gu/]sf] lg/LIf0f ug{] .
-u_ oftfoft ;]jfdf ;+nUg ;jf/Lx¿n] ;do ;dodf o; P]g adf]lhd ug{'
kg{] hfFrkf; u/fP gu/fPsf] tyf To;/L ;~rflnt ;]jf k~hLs[t eP
gePsf] hfFr ug{] .
-3_ rfns, kl/rfnssf] cg'dltkq tyf ofqL;"rL x]g{] / ofqLsf] l6s6 hfFrL
lgwf{l/t ef8fb/ adf]lhd ef8f lnOPsf] glnOPsf] tyf lgwf{l/t ultdf
;jf/L rnfOPsf] grnfOPsf] s'/fsf] lg/LIf0f ug{] .
-ª_ of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgodsf] kfng rfns, kl/rfns,
;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn] u/]sf] 5 5}g eGg] s'/fsf] ;do ;dodf
lg/LIf0f ug{] .
!%(= k|lzIf0f s]Gb|, sf/vfgf tyf js{;k ;~rfng ug{ cg'dlt lng'kg{] M -!_
s'g} klg lsl;dsf] ;jf/L rnfpg] k|lzIf0f sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ jf rfns
47
k|lzIf0f s]Gb| jf a;, 6«ssf] a8L lgdf{0f ug{] sf/vfgf jf c6f]df]afOn js{;k
;~rfng ug{ rfxg] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] ljefusf] cg'dlt lng' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] cg'dlt lng rfxg]n] tf]lsPsf] 9fFrfdf
tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ ;d]t ;+nUg /fvL ljefudf b/vf:t lbg' k5{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd b/vf:t k/]df To:tf] b/vf:t lbg] JolQm, kmd{,
sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] ;~rfng ug{ vf]h]sf] k|lzIf0f s]Gb|, sf/vfgf jf js{;k
;~rfng ug{ ;S5 ;Qm}g eGg] s'/fsf] hfFra'´ u/L ljefun] To:tf] k|lzIf0f
s]Gb|, sf/vfgf jf js{;k ;~rfng ug{ cg'dlt lbg ;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]b–!)
;hfo ;DaGwL Joj:yf
!^)= b08 ;hfo M -!_ btf{sf] k|df0fkqdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] jf:tljs gDa/ jf
Kn]6 g/fvL cs{} gDa/ jf Kn]6 /fvL ;jf/L rnfpg] jf rnfpg nufpg]nfO{
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] 5 dxLgf;Dd s}b jf kfFrxhf/b]lv kGw|xhf/
?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf u/L To:tf] ;jf/L hkmt ug{' k5{ .
-@_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] b]xfosf] sfd sf/jfxL ug{] u/fpg]nfO{
b]xfo adf]lhd hl/jfgf ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ bkmf !@, $% jf !!& sf] ljk/Lt sfd sf/jfxL ug{]
u/fpg]nfO{ kfFr;o b]lv b'O{ xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd .
-v_ bkmf !$, @(, #(, &%, (#, (^, !@% jf !@( sf] ljk/Lt
sfd sf/jfxL ug{] u/fpg]nfO{ Psxhf/ b]lv kfFrxhf/
?k}ofF;Dd .
-u_ bkmf !%( sf] ljk/Lt sfd sf/jfxL ug{] u/fpg]nfO{
b'O{xhf/b]lv bzxhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ df pNn]v eP b]lv afx]s of] P]g jf o; P]g
cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf hf/L u/]sf] cfb]zsf] ljk/Lt sfd sf/jfxL ug{]
u/fpg]nfO{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] b'O{;ob]lv Psxhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
48
-$_ bkmf !@* ljk/Lt x'g] u/L sfd sf/jfxL ug{] u/fpg] JolQmnfO{
kRrL;xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf jf kfFr jif{;Dd s}b jf b'a} ;hfo u/L
cbfntn] To:tf] JolQmaf6 xflg gf]S;fgL k'Ug] JolQmnfO{ pko'Qm IftLk"lt{sf]
/sd lbnfpg ;Sg]5 .
-%_ bkmf !^% ljk/Lt x'g] u/L sfd sf/jfxL ug{] u/fpg] JolQmnfO{
Psxhf/ ?k}ofF hl/jfgf jf Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf b'a} ;hfo u/L cbfntn] To:tf]
JolQmaf6 xflg gf]S;fgL k'Ug] JolQmnfO{ pko'Qm IftLk"lt{sf] /sd lbnfpg
;Sg]5 .

!^!= Hofg d/]df x'g] ;hfo M -!_ s;}n] ;jf/L rnfO{ s'g} dflg;nfO{ lsrL, 7Ss/
lbO{ jf s'g} lsl;dn] ;jf/L b'3{6gf u/fO{ ;jf/Ldf /x]sf] ;jf/L aflx/ h'g;'s}
7fpFdf /x] a;]sf] s'g} dflg; To:tf] b'3{6gfsf] sf/0faf6 tTsfn} jf d'n'sL P]g
Hofg ;DaGwLsf] dxndf pNn]lvt Dofbleq d/]df To:tf] sfo{ Hofg dfg]{
dg;fo lnO{ u/]sf] eP To;/L ;jf/L rnfpg] JolQmnfO{ ;j{:j ;lxt hGds}b
x'g]5 . s;}n] Hofg dfg]{ dg;fo lnO{ To:tf] sfo{ u/]sf]df Hofg dg{ kfPsf]
/x]g5 eg] To;/L ;jf/L rnfpg] JolQmnfO{ s;'/sf] dfqf cg';f/ kfFr jif{b]lv
afx| jif{;Dd s}b x'g]5 .
-@_ s;}n] s'g} ;jf/L rnfPaf6 s'g} dflg;nfO{ lsrL, 7Ss/ nflu jf
s'g} lsl;dn] ;jf/L b'3{6gf eO{ ;jf/Ldf /x]sf] jf ;jf/L aflx/ h'g;'s} 7fpFdf
/x] a;]sf] dflg; To:tf] b'3{6gfsf] sf/0faf6 tTsfn} jf d'n'sL P]g Hofg
;DaGwLsf] dxndf pNn]lvt Dofb leq d/]df To:tf] sfo{ Hofg dfg]{ dg;fo
lnO{ u/]sf] geP tfklg To;/L ;jf/L rnfpFbf s;}sf] Hofg dg{ ;Sg] 7"nf]
;Defjgf 5 eGg] s'/f hfgL hfgL jf nfk/jfxL u/L ;jf/L rnfPsf] sf/0faf6
;jf/L b'3{6gf x'g uO{ To;}sf] sf/0faf6 s'g} dflg;sf] d[To' x'g uPsf] /x]5 eg]
To;/L ;jf/L rnfpg] JolQmnfO{ s;'/sf] dfqf cg';f/ b'O{ jif{b]lv bz jif{;Dd
s}b x'g]5 .
-#_ s;}sf] Hofg dg{ ;S5 eGg] h:tf] gb]lvPsf] cj:yfdf s;}n] s'g}
;jf/L rnfpFbf ;jf/L b'3{6gf x'g uO{ ;jf/Ldf /x]sf] jf ;jf/L aflx/ h'g;'s}

49
7fpFdf /x] a;]sf] s'g} dflg;sf] d[To' x'g uPsf] /x]5 eg] To;/L ;jf/L rnfpg]
JolQmnfO{ Ps jif{;Dd s}b jf b'O{xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf jf b'a} ;hfo x'g]5 .
-$_ rfns cg'dltkq gePsf JolQmn] ;jf/L rnfO{ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_
adf]lhdsf] s;'/ u/]df lghnfO{ ;f]xL pkbkmf adf]lhd x'g] ;hfodf yk b'O{
xhf/ ?k}ofF ;d]t hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
t/ ;j{Zj;lxt hGds}b x'g]df To:tf] yk hl/jfgf x'g] 5}g .
-%_ s'g} ;jf/Lsf] wgL jf ;jf/Lsf] lhDdf lnPsf] JolQmn] rfns
cg'dltkq gePsf] JolQmnfO{ ;jf/L rnfpg lbO{ s'g} dflg;nfO{ lsrL, 7Ss/
nflu jf b'3{6gf eO{ ;f] dflg; dg{ uPdf To:tf] ;jf/L rnfpg lbg] JolQmnfO{
b'O{ jif{;Dd s}b x'g]5 .

!^@= cËeË ePdf x'g] ;hfo M -!_ s;}n] s'g} ;jf/L rnfPaf6 s'g} dflg;nfO{
lsrL, 7Ss/ nflu jf b'3{6gf eO{ ;jf/Ldf /x]sf] jf ;jf/L aflx/ h'g;'s}
7fpFdf /x] a;]sf] dflg;sf] To:tf] b'3{6gfsf] sf/0faf6 cËeË ePdf To:tf]
sfo{ ablgot;fy u/]sf] eP cGwf] jf gk'+;s dWo] h'g;'s} s'/f ePklg To;/L
;jf/L rnfpg] JolQmnfO{ cf7 jif{;Dd s}b / bz xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf
x'g]5 . ;f] b'O{ vt afx]s cGo s'g} cË a]sDdf ePdf cf7 jif{;Dd s}b / kfFr
xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf / Pp6} lsl;dsf] sfd lng] Pp6f eGbf a9L cË
x'g]df ;f] dwo] Pp6f cË dfq a]sDdf ePdf dfly n]lvPsf] ;hfosf] cfwf
;hfo x'g]5 . ;f] vt lgsf] eO{ sfd nfUg] ePdf To:tf] ;jf/L rnfpg]
JolQmnfO{ kfFrxhf/ ?k}ofF hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
-@_ rfns cg'dltkq gePsf] JolQmn] ;jf/L rnfO{ pkbkmf -!_ df
plNnlvt s'g} s;'/ u/]df lghnfO{ ;f] pkbkmf adf]lhd x'g] ;hfodf kfFrxhf/
?k}ofF yk hl/jfgf x'g]5 .
-#_ s'g} ;jf/Lsf] wgL jf ;jf/Lsf] lhDdf lnPsf] JolQmn] rfns
cg'dltkq gePsf] JolQmnfO{ ;jf/L rnfpg lbO{ s'g} dfgl;nfO{ lsrL, 7Ss/
nflu jf b'3{6gf eO{ ;jf/Ldf /x]sf] jf ;jf/L aflx/ h'g;'s} 7fpFdf /x] a;]sf]
dflg;sf] cËeË ePdf To:tf] ;jf/L rnfpg lbg] JolQmnfO{ b'O{xhf/ ?k}ofF
hl/jfgf x'g]5 .

50
!^#= 3f vr{, s[of vr{ / IftLk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg] M -!_ ;jf/L b'3{6gfaf6 s'g} kIfnfO{
s'g} klg lsl;dsf] xflg gf]S;fgL k'Ug uPdf kLl8t kIfnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd 3f
vr{ / IftLk"lt{sf] /sd rfns, ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksaf6 e/fO{ lbg' k5{ M–
-s_ Hofg d/]sf]df ;f] dg{] JolQmsf] xsjfnfnfO{ s[of vr{
afkt bzxhf/ ?k}ofF / IftLk"lt{ afkt t];|f] kIfsf] aLdf
gu/fPsf] eP o; P]g adf]lhd t]>f] kIfn] kfpg] b'3{6gf
aLdfsf] /sd .
-v_ cËeË ePsf]df lgsf] eOsg klg sfd gnfUg] eP ;f]
sf] IftLk"lt{ afkt t];|f] kIfsf] aLdf gu/fPsf] eP o;
P]g adf]lhd t];|f] kIfn] kfpg] cËeË afktsf] b'3{6gf
aLdfsf] /sd / To:tf] cË sfd nfUg] eP 3f vr{ afkt
kfFrxhf/ ?k}ofF .
-@_ ;jf/L b'3{6gfaf6 s'g} JolQmsf] Hofg d/]sf] eP ;f] dg{] JolQmsf]
xsjfnfnfO{ s[ofvr{ / Ifltk"lt{ /sd / cËeË ePsf] eP ;f] x'g] JolQmnfO{ 3f

vr{sf] /sd pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] tTsfn} ;jf/L
rfns, ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksaf6 e/fO{ lbg' k5{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]]lvPb]lv afx]s rfnsn] of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t
ag]sf] lgod jf hf/L u/]sf] cfb]z alv{nfk x'g] u/L ;jf/L rnfO{ b'3{6gf x'g
uO{ s'g} JolQmnfO{ rf]6k6s nfu]df To:tf] JolQmnfO{ tTsfn} cf}iflw vr{ afkt

k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ln] rf]6k6ssf] l:ylt ljrf/ u/L rfns, ;jf/L wgL jf
Joj:yfksaf6 b'O{xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd lbnfO{ lbg' k5{ . To:tf] rf]6 k6s nfUg]
JolQmn] kl5 a9L /sd Ifltk"lt{ kfpg] ePdf To;/L cf}iflw vr{ afkt lbPsf]
/sd s§L u/L afFsL kfpg] /sd dfq lbOg]5 .
-$_ o; bkmfdf dfly h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg o; bkmf
adf]lhd e/fOg] 3f vr{, s[of vr{ / IftLk"lt{sf] s"n /sdsf] kfFr k|ltzt
eGbf a9L rfnsaf6 e/fOg] 5}g .

51
-%_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd a'´fpg' kg{] s[of vr{, 3f vr{ /
Ifltk"lt{ /sd rfnsn] a'´fpg' kg{]df lghn] a'´fpg g;sL k|rlnt sfg"g
adf]lhd lghsf] hfohftaf6 klg c;"n pk/ x'g ;s]g eg] ;f] pk/ geP hlt
?k}ofF lghaf6 c;"n pk/ ePsf] hl/jfgf dWo]af6 e/fO{ lbg' k5{ .

-^_ o; bkmfdf n]lvP adf]lhd aLdf sDkgLn] Joxf]g{' kg]{ IftLk"lt{
afktsf] aLdf /sd oyfzL3| e/fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
!^$= oftfoft lg/LIfs jf k|x/Ln] tTsfn ;hfo ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoq
h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg b]xfosf] s;'/ klxnf] k6s ug{]nfO{ kRrL;
?k}ofFb]lv krf; ?k}ofF;Dd, bf];|f] k6s ug{]nfO{ krf; ?k}ofFb]lv Ps;o
?k}ofF;Dd / t];|f] k6s jf ;f] eGbf a9L k6s ug{]nfO{ Ps;o ?k}ofFb]lv b'O{;o
?k}ofF;Ddsf] hl/jfgf oftfoft lg/LIfs jf 36Ldf ;xfos k|x/L lg/LIfs
bhf{;Ddsf] clws[tn] tTsfn ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ 6«flkms ;ª\s]t jf O{zf/f pNnª\3g u/L ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-v_ ;jf/L c8\ofpg lgif]w ul/Psf] 7fpF jf ;dodf ;jf/L
c8\ofPsf] .
-u_ ;jf/L df]8\g jf Wjlg ;ª\s]t lbg lgif]w ul/Psf] 7fpFdf
;jf/L df]8]sf] jf WjgL ;ª\s]t lbPsf] .
-3_ ;8sdf unt ;fO8 tkm{af6 ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-ª_ PstkmL{ ;8sdf ;f] ljk/Lt ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-r_ cj:yf 7Ls gePsf] ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-5_ lgwf{l/t ulteGbf a9L ultdf ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-h_ /ftL aQL gafnL ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-´_ dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg u/L ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-`_ c¿nfO{ afwf k'Ug] u/L ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf ;jf/L /fv]sf]
.

52
-6_ ;jf/L rnfpg lgif]w ul/Psf] 7fpF jf ;dodf ;jf/L

rnfPsf] .
-7_ gDa/ Kn]6 g/fvL ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-8_ ;jf/Lsf] jhgsf] xb lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 7fpFdf lgwf{l/t
jhgeGbf a9L jhgsf] ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-9_ k]6L gafFwL jf x]Nd]6 gnufO{ ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-0f_ ;jf/Ldf a:g] jf /fVg] dflg; jf dfn;fdfgsf] xb
lgwf{l/t ul/Psf]df ;f] xb eGbf a9L /fvL ;jf/L
rnfPsf] .
-t_ ;fj{hlgs ;jf/Lsf] rfnsn] ofqL lng OGsf/ u/]sf] .
-y_ lgwf{l/t ef8f b/eGbf a9L ef8f lnO{ ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-b_ nfk/jfxL ;fy ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-w_ af6f] Ohfhtkq glnO{ ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-g_ rfns cg'dltkq ;fydf g/fvL ;jf/L rnfPsf] .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd oftfoft lg/LIfs jf k|x/Ln] u/]sf] hl/jfgfsf]
/sd tTsfn a'´fpg g;Sg]nfO{ rf}aL; 306fleq To:tf] /sd ;DalGwt k|x/L
sfof{no jf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf a'´fpg k'hL{ lbg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s;}n] pkbkmf -!_
df pNn]lvt s;'/ ubf{sf] avt lghnfO{ ;hfo ug{ tTsfn 36gf:yndf 36Ldf
;xfos k|x/L lg/LIfs bhf{;Ddsf] clws[t gePdf klg 36gf:yndf /x]sf] s'g}
klg k|x/L hjfgn] To:tf] s;'/ ug{]nfO{ lghn] u/]sf] s;'/ v'nfO{ ;f] afkt
lghnfO{ x'g] hl/jfgfsf] /sd rf}aL; 306fleq ;DalGwt k|x/L sfof{nodf
a'´fpg k'hL{ lbg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ jf -#_ adf]lhdsf] k'hL{ lb+bf To:tf] k'hL{sf] gSsn
k|ltdf ;f] k'hL{ a'‰g]sf] ;xL ;d]t u/fpg' k5{ .
-%_ pkbkmf -@_ jf -#_ df n]lvPsf] ;do;Dd klg clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/L jf ;DalGwt k|x/L sfof{no ;dIf To:tf] hl/jfgfsf] /sd
53
ga'´fpg]nfO{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] Psxhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf u/L To:tf]

JolQm rfns eP rfns cg'dltkq, ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfks eP ;jf/Lsf]
af6f] Ohfhtkq jf lghx¿n] oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ k|fKt cg'dltkq

a9Ldf Ps dxLgf;Ddsf] nflu lgnDag ug{ ;Sg]5 .

-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd lgnDag ul/Psf] cjlw;Dd klg hl/jfgf
g'a´fPdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf] rfns cg'dltkq, af6f] Ohfhtkq
jf oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{ k|fKt cg'dltkq vf/]h ug{ ;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]b–!!
ljljw
!^%= xflg gf]S;fgL k'¥ofpg gx'g] M s;}n] ;jf/Ldf /x]sf rfns, kl/rfns,
;'/IffsdL{, ;jf/Lsf cGo sd{rf/L jf ofqLnfO{ lk6\g], ;jf/L /f]Sg], ;jf/L
tf]8kmf]8 ug{] jf cGo s'g} lsl;dn] To:tf] ;jf/L jf ;jf/Ldf /x]sf dflg; jf
dfn;fdfgnfO{ s'g} xflg gf]S;fgL k'¥ofpg] sfd ug{, u/fpg x'Fb}g .
!^^= ;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfksn] ltg{' kg{] M s'g} rfnsn] nfk/jfxL u/L jf
ablgot k"j{s of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{tsf] lgod jf cfb]zsf] pNnª\3g
u/]sf]df afx]s cGo cj:yfdf o; P]g adf]lhd To:tf] rfnsn] ltg{' kg{]
hl/jfgf, 3f vr{, s[of vr{ jf Ifltk"lt{sf] /sd ;DalGwt ;jf/L wgL jf
Joj:yfksn] lt/L lbg' k5{ .
!^&= ;hfo gx'g] M bkmf !^! / !^@ df n]lvPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s cGo cj:yfdf
rfnssf] sfa" aflx/sf] kl/l:yltaf6 b'3{6gf eO{ s'g} xflg gf]S;fgL k'Ug uPsf]
/x]5 eg] To:tf] ;jf/L rnfpg] rfnsnfO{ s'g} ;hfo x'g] 5}g .
!^*= k|lt:kwf{Tds 9Ëaf6 oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{
ug{] M o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s}
s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg :jR5 k|lt:kwf{Tds 9Ëaf6 oftfoft Joj;fosf] ljsf;
ug{sf] nflu ;fj{hlgs ;jf/LnfO{ rqmk|0ffnL cGtu{t oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng
ug{] u/L Ohfhtkq k|bfg ul/g] 5}g .


54

=========================
!^(= lgb{]zg lbg ;Sg] M g]kfn ;/sf/, ljefu jf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] oftfoft
Joj;foLx¿nfO{ oftfoft Joj;fonfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg tyf oftfoft
;]jfnfO{ ;/n tyf ;'ne agfpg cfjZos lgb{]zg lbg ;Sg]5 . o;/L lbOPsf]
lgb{]zgsf] kfngf ug{' oftfoft Joj;foLsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
!&)= clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg M o; P]g adf]lhd ljefu jf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/LnfO{
k|fKt clwsf/x¿ dWo] s'g} jf ;a} clwsf/ cfjZostfg';f/ ljefu jf clwsf/
k|fKt clwsf/Ln] s'g} ;ldlt, clwsf/L, oftfoft lg/LIfs jf k|x/LnfO{
k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!&!= k'g/fj]bg M -!_ o; P]g adf]lhd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L, k|x/L jf oftfoft
lg/LIfsn] u/]sf] lg0f{o jf ;hfosf] cfb]z pk/ ljefu ;dIf k'g/fj]bg
nfUg]5 .
-@_ o; P]g adf]lhd ljefun] u/]sf] lg0f{o jf cfb]z pk/ k'g/fj]bg
cbfnt ;dIf k'g/fj]bg nfUg]5 .

!&@= ph'/ ug]{ xbDofb / k'g/fj]bg ug]{ Dofb M -!_ bkmf !^! cGtu{tsf] s;'/sf]
xsdf d'n'sL P]g Hofg ;DaGwLsf] dxndf pNn]lvt Dofbleq, bkmf !^@
cGt/utsf] s;'/sf] xsdf d'n'sL P]g s'6kL6sf] dxndf pNn]lvt Dofbleq /
o; P]g cGt/utsf cGo s;'/sf] xsdf s;'/ ePsf] ldltn] tL; lbgleq ph'/
ug{' kg]{5 .
-@_ bkmf !^! / !^@ cGt/utsf s;'/sf ;DaGwdf afx]s o; P]g
cGt/utsf cGo s;'/sf ;DaGwdf lg0f{o jf cfb]zsf] ;"rgf kfPsf] ldltn]
k}+tL; lbgleq k'g/fj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
!&#= ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' kg{] M of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf hf/L
ul/Psf] s'g} cfb]z sfof{Gjog ug{] ;Gbe{df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] jf
oftfoft lg/LIfsn] s'g} lsl;dsf] ;xof]u dfu]df lghx¿nfO{ To:tf] ;xof]u
k'¥ofpg] st{Jo k|x/L nufot ;DalGwt ;a}sf] x'g]5 .

klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk eO{ ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g, @)^# åf/f vf/]h .

55
!&$= cGo ;jf/L ;fwgsf] rfnsn] o; P]gsf] kfng ug{' kg{]M o; P]g adf]lhd
btf{ ug{ gkg{] ;jf/L ;fwg jf s'g} ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpg o; P]g adf]lhd
rfns cg'dltkq lng gkg{] /x]5 eg] To:tf] ;jf/L rnfpFbf rfnsn] of] P]g
jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf hf/L ul/Psf] cfb]zåf/f lgwf{l/t 6«flkms
;ª\s]tsf] kfngf ug{' k5{ .
!&%= c;n lgotn] u/]sf] sfdsf] arfp M clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L jf lghn]
clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg u/]sf] ;ldlt, clwsf/L, oftfoft lg/LIfs, k|x/L sd{rf/L jf
;DalGwt s'g} sd{rf/Ln] o; P]g adf]lhd cfˆgf]] st{Jo kfng ubf{ c;n
lgotn] u/]sf] sfd sf/jfxLdf lgh JolQmut ¿kdf hjfkmb]xL x'g] 5}g .
!&^= ljz]if clwsf/ M o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg s'g}
;jf/Lsf] ;DaGwdf o; P]gsf] s'g} Joj:yf tf]lsPsf] cjlw;Dd nfu" gx'g] u/L
g]kfn ;/sf/n] 5'6 lbg ;Sg]5 .

!&^s= g]kfn ;/sf/ jfbL x'g] M bkmf !^! / !^@ cGt/utsf] d'2f g]kfn ;/sf/
jfbL x'g]5 / ;f] d'2f ;/sf/L d'2f ;DaGwL P]g, @)$( sf] cg';"rL –! df k/]sf]
dflgg]5 .
!&&= afwf c8sfp km'sfpg] clwsf/ M o; P]gsf] sfof{Gjog ubf{ s'g} afwf
c8sfp k/]df g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L cfb]z hf/L
u/L To:tf] afwf c8sfp x6fpg ;Sg]5 .
!&*= cg';"rLdf x]/km]/ ug{ ;Sg] M g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt
u/L cg';"rLdf cfjZos x]/km]/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!&(= lgod agfpg] clwsf/ M o; P]gsf] p2]Zo k"lt{sf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n]
cfjZos lgodx¿ agfpg ;Sg]5 .
!*)= vf/]hL / arfp M -!_ b]xfosf P]gx¿ vf/]h ul/Psf 5g\ M–
-s_ ;jf/L P]g, @)@) .
-v_ /fli6«o oftfoft Joj:yf P]g, @)@^ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvPsf P]gx¿ cGtu{t eP u/]sf ;Dk"0f{ sfd
sf/jfxLx¿ o;} P]g cGtu{t eP u/]sf dflgg]5g\ .

b|i6Jo M s]xL g]kfn sfg'g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# n] b]xfosf] zAbsf] ;§f b]xfosf] zAb /fvL ¿kfGt/0f u/]sf] 5 M
æ>L % sf] ;/sf/Æ eGg] zAbsf] ;§f æg]kfn ;/sf/Æ .
56
cg';"rL–
L–!
-bkmf #, $ / % ;Fu ;DalGwt_
;jf/Lsf] juL{s/0f
v08 -s_
7"nf] ;jf/L -bkmf # ;Fu ;DalGwt_ M–
a;, 6«s, 6«ofS6/, bdsn, 8f]h/, nf]8/, 8Dkm/, qm]g, /f]n/ cflb .
v08 -v_
d´f}nf ;jf/L - bkmf $ ;Fu ;DalGwt_M–
ldlga;, ldlg6«s, hLk, kLsck, Eofg, qm]g, 6«ofS6/, /f]n/ cflb .
v08 -u_
;fgf] ;jf/L -bkmf % ;Fu ;DalGwt_ M–
sf/, hLk, Eofg, lksck, df]6/ ;fOsn, :s"6/, 6]Dkf], kfj/ l6n/ cflb .
57
▲
cg';"rL–
L–@
-bkmf ^, &, *, (, !) / !! ;Fu ;DalGwt_
;jf/Lsf] Kn]6
v08 -s_
;fj{hlgs ;jf/L -bkmf ^ sf] pkbkmf -%_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_ M–
sfnf] Kn]6df ;]tf] cIf/ / cÍdf x'g'kg]{5 .
✍
t/ ca pk|fGt afudtL c~rnleq btf{ u/L sf7df8f}+ pkTosfsf] rqmky /
rqmky aflx/ ef8fdf rnfOg] 6]Kkf] / dfOqmf]a;sf] gDa/ Kn]6 ;]tf] Kn]6df
sfnf] cIf/ / cÍdf /fVg' kg]{5 .
v08 -v_
ko{6s ;jf/L -bkmf & sf] pkbkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_ M–
xl/of] Kn]6df ;]tf] cIf/ / cÍdf x'g' kg]{5 .
v08 -u_
lghL ;jf/L -bkmf * sf] pkbkmf -#_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
/ftf] Kn]6df ;]tf] cIf/ / cÍdf x'g' kg]{5 .
v08 -3_
;/sf/L ;jf/L -bkmf ( sf] pkbkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
;]tf] Kn]6df /ftf] cIf/ / cÍdf x'g' kg]{5 .
v08 -ª_
;+ul7t ;+:yf jf ;+:yfgsf] ;jf/L -bkmf !) sf] pkbkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
kx]Fnf] Kn]6df gLnf] cIf/ / cÍdf x'g' kg]{5 .
▲
ldlt @)%^.^.# ut]sf] g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt ;"rgfåf/f cg';"rLg} x]/km]/ .
✍
ldlt @)%&.&.# ut]sf] g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt ;"rgfåf/f k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+z yk .
58
v08 -r_
s"6gLlts ;jf/L -bkmf !! sf] pkbkmf -@_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_ M–
gLnf] Kn]6df ;]tf] cIf/ / cÍdf x'g' kg]{5 .
b|i6Jo M

!= /fi6«klt ;jf/ x'g] ;jf/L ;fwgsf] gDa/ Kn]6 g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s] adf]lhd
x'g]5 .

!s= pk/fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqL, k|wfg GofofwLz, ;+ljwfg ;efsf cWoIf tyf pkfWoIf
/ dlGqkl/ifb\sf ;b:ox¿ r9\g] ;/sf/L ;jf/L ;fwgsf] gDa/ Kn]6sf] dflyNnf]
cfwf efu / tNnf] cfwf efu qmdzM /ftf] / gLnf] /Ësf] k[i7e"lddf ;]tf] /Ësf]
cIf/ / cÍ x'g' kg{]5 .
@= ;a} lsl;dsf 7"nf tyf d´f}nf ;jf/Lx¿sf] gDa/ Kn]6sf] ;fO{h !$" × *"
;fgf ;jf/L dWo] rf/kfªu|]sf] gDa/Kn]6sf] ;fOh !@" × &" tLgkfªu|] 6]Dkf]
cflbsf] gDj/Kn]6sf] ;fOh !)" × &" / b'O{ kfªu|] df]6/ ;fOsn, :s'6/
cflbsf] gDj/Kn]6sf] ;fOh *" × %" x'g' kg]{5 .
#= gDa/Kn]6df n]lvg] cIf/ / cÍ 7"nf tyf d´f}nf ;jf/Lx¿sf] Kn]6df slDtdf #

OGr cUnf] / !÷@ OGr df]6f], ;fgf] ;jf/Ldf rf/kfªu|] tyf tLgkfªu|] 6]Dkf]
cflbsf] @ OGr cUnf] / !÷@ OGr df]6f] / df]6/;fOsn, :s'6/ cflbsf] @ OGr
cUnf] / #÷* df]6f] x'g' kg]{5 .
$= gDa/Kn]6sf] rf/}lt/ !÷@ OGr -df]6/ ;fOsn, :s'6/ cflbsf] Kn]6df !÷$ OGr
5f8]/ cÍ / cIf/ n]Vg' kg]{5 . cÍ / cIf/sf] aLrsf] b"/L sDtLdf klg !÷$
OGr tyf tNnf] / dflyNnf] nfOgsf] b"/L slDtdf !÷@ OGr klg x'g' kg]{5 .

u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg'g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f ;+zf]lwt .
u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg'g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f yk .
59
cg';"rL–
L–#
-bkmf !^ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
;jf/L btf{ k|df0fkqsf] 9fFrf
g]kfn ;/sf/
lgdf{0f tyf oftfoft dGqfno
oftfoft Joj:yf ljefu
======== oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{no
;jf/L btf{ g+= M–
;jf/Lsf] lsl;d M–
btf{ ldlt M–
;jf/L wgLsf] gfd, y/ M–
jtg M–
;jf/L wgLsf] x:tfIf/ M– === clws[tsf] ;xL M– ===
;jf/L wgLsf]
kmf]6f]
btf{ ug]{ clwsf/Lsf]
x:tfIf/ M–
ldlt M–
gfd;f/L ePsf] ldlt === ===
;jf/L wgLsf]
kmf]6f]
;jf/L wgLsf] gfd, y/, jtg M–=== === ===
60
=== === ==== ==== ==== === === === === === === gfd;f/L ug]{ clwsf/Lsf]
x:tfIf/M–
k|df0fkqsf] gjLs/0f
gjLs/0f u/]sf] ldlt gjLs/0f Dofb k'Ug] gjLs/0f ug]{ clwsf/Lsf]

ldlt ;xL
;jf/Lsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f M–

!= sDkgLsf] gfd M–
@= ;jf/Lsf] df]8]n÷-;fn_ M–
#= l;ln08/ ;+Vof M–
$= xif{ kfj//l;=l;= M–
%= r]l;; gDa/ M–
^= OlGhg gDa/ M–
&= ;jf/Lsf] /Ë M–
*= ;L6 Ifdtf -rfns ;lxt_ M–
(= jhg M–
!)= k]6«f]n. l8h]n M–
!!= /]l8of], Sof;]6 Kno/, 6]lnkmf]g cflb 5 5}g M–
!@= s'g sDkgL jf dflg;af6 v/Lb u/]sf] xf] ;f] sDkgL jf dflg;sf] gfd M–
!#= k|of]uM–
!$= rnfpg] If]q M–
!%= eG;f/sf] lg:;f M–
61
;jf/L hfFr]sf]
;jf/L hfFr]sf] ldlt gjLs/0fsf] Dofb k'Ug] hfFRg] clwsf/Lsf] ;xL

ldlt
s}lkmot
62
cg';"rL–
L–$
-bkmf @! ;Fu ;DalGwt_
oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{no
kq;+VofM– ldltM–=== === ===
rnfgL g+=M– === === === zfvf=== === ===
k|fKt kq ;+Vof / ldltM–
ljifo M– c:yfoL gDa/ .
>L === === ===
pko{'Qm ;DaGwdf JolQm÷kmd{÷sDkgLn] o; sfof{nodf ldlt @) . . df lbPsf] lgj]bg
/ ;f] ;fy ;+nUg k|df0fx¿sf] cfwf/df lgDg adf]lhd ljj/0f ePsf] ;jf/L tf]lsPsf]
cjlw;Ddsf] lgldQ c:yfoL gDa/ lbOPsf] 5 .
!= ;jf/L wgLsf] gfd, y/, jtg M–
@= lbOPsf] c:yfoL gDa/ M–
#= c:yfoL gDa/sf] cjlw M–
$= eG;f/sf] lg:;f M–
%= ;jf/L lgdf{tf M–
^= ;jf/Lsf] lsl;d M–
&= l;ln08/ ;+Vof M–
*= xif{ kfj/ l;=l;=M–
(= r]l;; gDa/ M–
!)= OlGhg gDa/ M–
!!= ;jf/Lsf] /Ë M–
63
!@= ;L6 Ifdtf -rfns ;lxt_ M–

!#= jhg M–
!$= k]6«f]n÷l8h]n M–
!%= ;jf/Lsf] k'/fgf] Kn]6 gDa/ M–
64
❁
cg';"rL – %
-bkmf %) ;Fu ;DalGwt_
g]kfn ;/sf/
HMG of Nepal
;jf/L rfns cg'dltkq

Driving Licence
gDa/ M kmf]6f]
Photograph
Number
gfd M
Name
hf/L ldlt M Dofb ;dfKt ldltM

Date of Issue Expiry Date
gf=k|=g+=M /Qm ;d"x M

Ctz. No. Blood Group
lktf÷kltsf] gfdM
Father/Husband
7]ufgf M
Adsress
tkfO{nfO{ lgDg adf]lhdsf] ;jf/Lx¿sf] rfns cg'dltkq lbOPsf] 5 M

The Holder of this Licence is authorised to drive the following vehicles.
❁
ldlt @)%$.^.^ sf] g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt ;"rgfåf/f cg';"rLg} x]/km]/ .
65
s= df]6/ ;fOsn, :s'6/, df]k]8 r= ldlga;, ldlg6«s

A Motorcycle, Scooter, Moped F. Minibus, Minitruck
v= sf/, lhk, 8]lne/L Eofg 5= 6«s, a;, nx/L

B. Car, Jeep, Delivery Van G. Truck, Bus, Lorry
u= 6]Kkf], c6f]l/S;f h= /f]8/f]n/, 8f]h/

C. Tempo, Autoricksha H. Road Roller, Dozer
3= kfj/ l6n/ ´= qm]g, bdsn, nf]8/

D. Powertillar I. Crane, Fire brigade, Loader
ª= 6«ofS6/ `= cGo
E. Tractor J. Other
hf/L ug]{ clwsf/L ;jf/L rfnssf] b:tvt

Issued by Licence holder's signature
sf/jfO{ Offences
66
cg';"rL – ^
-bkmf ^& ;Fu ;DalGwt_
;jf/L kl/rfns cg'dltkq
c= kq= g+=
kmf]6f]
hf/L ldlt Dofb ;dfKt ldlt
gfdM–
gf=k|=k=g+=M–
lktf . kltsf] gfdM–
7]ufgf M–
tkfO{nfO{ lgDg adf]lhdsf] ;jf/Lx¿sf] g]kfn ;/sf/

kl/rfns cg'dltkq lbOPsf] 5 . lgdf{0f tyf oftfoft dGqfno
-s_ a; === ===oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{no
-v_ ldlga;
-u_ 6«s kf;kf]6{ g+= M–
/ut ;d"x M–
;jf/L kl/rfnssf] ;xLM–
-@_ 7]ufgf M–
-#_ sf/f]jf/sf] d'Vo :yfg M–
-$_ ;~rfng ug]{ ;]jfsf] lsl;d M–
67
-%_ wgL÷;f´]bf/÷;~rfns -d'Vo JolQm_ sf] gfd, y/ / bhf{ M–

-^_ 7]ufgf M–
=== === === === === ===
-d'Vo JolQmsf] ;xL_ -dxflgb]{zssf] ;xL_
7]ufgf M–
;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfkssf] b:tvt M–
;jf/Lsf] lsl;d M–
Ifdtf=== === ;jf/L gDa/ M–
r]l;; gDa/ M–
gfd;f/L
@)$ . . sf] lgj]bg / ldlt @)$ . . sf] btf{sf] k|df0fkq cg';f/ >L === === === sf]
gfdaf6 === === a:g] >L === === sf] gfpFdf gfd;f/L ul/Psf]5 .
clwsf/Lsf] b:tvt M–
ldlt M–
Ohfhtkq jxfn cjlw Ohfhtkq lbg] jf gjLs/0f ug]{

kfPsf] If]q -af6f]_ clwsf/Lsf] b;tvt / ldlt
68
cg';"rL–
L–&
-bkmf && ;Fu ;DalGwt_
-af6f] Ohfhtkqsf] 9fFrf_
g]kfn ;/sf/
= = = = = oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{no
Ohfht lbg] clwsf/Lsf]
gfdM–
bhf{ M–
b:tvtM–
ldltM–
r]l;;sf] nDafO{M–
OlGhg gDa/M–
df]8]n M–
;jf/L lgdf{0f ug]{ sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] gfd / 7]ufgfM–
a8L tof/ ug]{ sf/vfgfsf] gfd 7]ufgfM–
Ohfht kq g+M–
;jf/Lsf] lsl;d M–
;jf/L wgL jf Joj:yfkssf] gfd M–
69
cg';"rL–
L–*
-bkmf (# ;Fu ;DalGwt_
-oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ cg'dltkqsf] 9fFrf_
g]kfn ;/sf/
kmf]6f]
btf{ g+=M–
btf{ ldlt M–
;jf/L tyf oftfoft Joj:yf P]g, @)$( sf] bkmf (# cg';f/ b]xfosf] ;]jf
;~rfng ug{ of] cg'dltkq lbOPsf] 5 .
-!_ JolQm÷kmd{÷sDkgLsf] gfd M–
70

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;jf/L tyf oftfoft Joj:yf P]g, @)$(

-v_ æ;jf/Lsf] jhgÆ eGgfn] ;jf/Lsf] s"n jhg ;D´g' k5{ .

-1%_ æJoj:yfkg ;ldltÆ eGgfn] bkmf !%$ adf]lhd ul7t oftfoft

b/vf:tjfnfsf] gfddf To:tf] ;jf/L btf{ u/L cg';"rL–# adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf

k|fKt ;jf/Lsf] ;DaGwdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] k//fi6«« dGqfno dfkm{t

#&= ;jf/Lsf] gfd;f/L

k|df0fkq / lghn] rnfpg rfx]sf] ;jf/Lsf] ;DaGwdf k|lzIf0f s]Gb|n] lbPsf]

rnfpg To:tf] JolQmn] bkmf $* adf]lhd b/vf:t lbPdf clwsf/ k|fKt

k/LIf0fsfndf /xg] u/L lbOg]5 .

u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf] kl/rfnssf] kl/rfns

;fj{hlgs ;jf/LnfO{ To:tf] af6f]df oftfoft ;]jf ;~rfng ug]{ af6f]

!@)= 6«flkms ;ª\

!@^= ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf vfN6f] vGbf ;fª\

-@_ k|x/L jf oftfoft lg/LIfsn] hfFra'´sf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} ;jf/Lsf]

-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd 3'DtL lg/LIf0f ubf{ k|x/L jf oftfoft

-@_ ofqLu'06fsf] jf:tljs d"No hlt;'s} eP tfklg To:tf] ofqLu'06f

-v_ oftfoftsf] ;'Joj:yf / ljsf;sf] nflu oftfoft ;]jf;Fu ;DalGwt

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;ldltsf] a}7s cfjZostf cg';f/ ;ldltn]

-6_ ;jf/L rnfpg lgif]w ul/Psf] 7fpF jf ;dodf ;jf/L

ga'´fpg]nfO{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] Psxhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf u/L To:tf]

#= gDa/Kn]6df n]lvg] cIf/ / cÍ 7"nf tyf d´f}nf ;jf/Lx¿sf] Kn]6df slDtdf #

;jf/L wgLsf] gfd, y/, jtg M–=== === ===

gjLs/0f u/]sf] ldlt gjLs/0f Dofb k'Ug] gjLs/0f ug]{ clwsf/Lsf]

;jf/Lsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f M–

;jf/L hfFr]sf] ldlt gjLs/0fsf] Dofb k'Ug] hfFRg] clwsf/Lsf] ;xL

!@= ;L6 Ifdtf -rfns ;lxt_ M–

;jf/L rfns cg'dltkq

hf/L ldlt M Dofb ;dfKt ldltM

gf=k|=g+=M /Qm ;d"x M

tkfO{nfO{ lgDg adf]lhdsf] ;jf/Lx¿sf] rfns cg'dltkq lbOPsf] 5 M

s= df]6/ ;fOsn, :s'6/, df]k]8 r= ldlga;, ldlg6«s

v= sf/, lhk, 8]lne/L Eofg 5= 6«s, a;, nx/L

u= 6]Kkf], c6f]l/S;f h= /f]8/f]n/, 8f]h/

3= kfj/ l6n/ ´= qm]g, bdsn, nf]8/

hf/L ug]{ clwsf/L ;jf/L rfnssf] b:tvt

tkfO{nfO{ lgDg adf]lhdsf] ;jf/Lx¿sf] g]kfn ;/sf/

-%_ wgL÷;f´]bf/÷;~rfns -d'Vo JolQm_ sf] gfd, y/ / bhf{ M–

Ohfhtkq jxfn cjlw Ohfhtkq lbg] jf gjLs/0f ug]{

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