Narrative Report:

As discussed in the previous lessons, globalization is defined as the

representation of processes that allow global connections to have expansion
and intensification. Globalization entails the spread of various cultures. Let’s
take South Korea as an example. The country dominates the world with its
tourism, culture, foods, music and entertainment which they call the Korean
Wave. BTS or Bulletproof Boy Scouts is a South Korean-boy group who are
currently swaying the music charts not just in their own country but also
globally. This 7-year old boy band follows the reign of Psy, a South Korean
singer, who also amaze the world with his song Gangnam Style. The media
industry in South Korea is not only famous for the music but also their
entertainment industry is also starting to take over the world. Bong Joon Ho’s
Parasite was a huge success. The movie won numerous awards not just
locally but also internationally and to name some of them: Best Picture,
Directing, International Feature Film, and Writing (Original Screenplay) in the
2020 Oscars Awards. Because of the popularity of Korean dramas around the
world, many countries franchise, adapted and aired them on their own.
Broadcasting companies in the Philippines air Filipino-dubbed Korean dramas
on television. According to Wikipedia, in 2003, GMA Network aired Bright Girl,
making it the first-ever Korean drama in the country. Until now, these type of
dramas are still part of the Philippine television. Recently, GMA adapted the
hit series Descendants of the Sun and signed a co-production deal with SBS
Korea for the Philippine franchise of Running Man, a well-known South
Korean variety show. While South Korea is marking its popularity across the
globe, there are also Philippine shows that are loved worldwide. Eat Bulaga
Indonesia is the Indonesian franchise of our country’s longest-running noon-
time show, Eat Bulaga in GMA Network. Doble Kara starring Julia Montes
was aired in over 45 countries such as Indonesia, Thailand and Africa.
Pangako Sa ‘Yo, an original Filipino TV series starring Jericho Rosales and
Kristine Hermosa, became a hit in Southeast Asian countries like Singapore
and Malaysia. 
Globalization also involves the spread of ideas. The notion of the rights of
the LGBTQ+ community is spreading and becoming widely accepted around
the world. Religion is one of the best example of the involvement of
globalization on the spread of ideas. In order to expand their community,
religious people intensify and expand their connection to the world. Through
the teachings and values of their religion, global connections are created.
Currently, the world is experiencing a pandemic. According to the World
Health Organization, last December 31, 2019, a total of 44 patients were
reported to have pneumonia with unknown etiology in Wuhan City, Hubei
Province of China and on the 7 th of January this year, Chinese authorities
identified a new type of coronavirus － 2019-Novel Coronavirus. As of 7:34
AM, May 7, 2020, the total number of cases in the world are as follow: about
3,722,542 confirmed cases, 1,222,172 recoveries, and 261,808 deaths. As of
4:00 PM, May 6, 2020, the Philippines recorded 10,004 confirmed cases,
1,506 recoveries, and 658 deaths. In order to avoid the rapid transfer of the
virus, China, specifically Wuhan City, imposed lockdowns, community
quarantines, and travel ban. These ideas were also practiced by countries
nowadays. Last January 30, 2020, the Philippines recorded its first confirmed
COVID-19 case from a Chinese national who traveled from Wuhan City and
Hong Kong. Due to the increase in number of cases in the country, the
Philippine government strictly implemented the enhance community
quarantine (ECQ) especially to those areas with confirmed COVID-19 cases.
Enhanced Community Quarantine was imposed by President Rodrigo Duterte
last March 6, 2020 which aims to restricts the Filipinos from going out, except
for necessity, work, and health circumstances, in response to the
growing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the
th
country. This quarantine was originally set to last until the 12 of April but due
to the increasing number of confirmed cases in the country, the government
extended the ECQ until the 30 th of April. On May 1, it was again extended until
May 15 on selected areas which are high-risk and have confirmed cases.
Although there are low-risk areas in the country, they are still advised to apply
the general community quarantine or GCQ, a less-strict quarantine. Under the
general community quarantine, there are some guidelines that must be
practiced: compliance of minimum public health standards, limited operation
of malls and shopping centers, and suspension of physical classes.
But the question is: how did people know these data? According to
Techopedia, media is the plural form of medium, which describes any channel
of communication. Through the use of media, people are able to gather these
data. Jack Lule once asked, “could global trade have evolved without a flow of
information on markets, prices, commodities, and more? Could empires have
stretched across the world without communication throughout their borders?
Could religion, music, poetry, film, fiction, cuisine, and fashion develop as they
have without the intermingling of media and cultures?” The answer is no and
for this reason, we can conclude that globalization relies on media as its main
conduit for the spread of global culture and ideas. Through the use of media,
Christianity was introduced to us by the Spanish missionaries. The Korean
Wave, that was mentioned, is growing and growing as it spreads all
throughout the world. Philippine broadcasting companies were able to air
Filipino-dubbed series. McDonald’s is the world’s largest fast-food chain with
37,855 outlets in 2018 located in over 100 countries. Because of media, this
American restaurant chain company was able to expand their market globally.

What does media mean? It plays a vital role in our lives in this age of
technology. Jack Lule described media as “a means of conveying something,
such as channel of communication.” According to techterms.com, it refers to
various means of communication —television, newspaper, social networking
sites and the like are some examples of it. Technically, we are media because
of our voices － as we speak, we became the transmitter of the encoded
messages. The term “media” was first used by Marshall McLuhan, a
Canadian media theorist. There are three types of media: print, broadcast,
and digital media. Print media is basically the printed channels for traditional
mass communication such as newspapers, magazines, books and the like.
This type of media is still used nowadays but because of the advancement in
technology, there are only few who read it. Publishing companies, nowadays,
publish their news on their websites or other social media platforms. The
Manila Bulletin is the nation’s leading newspaper. As a strategy to gain
readers in this century, they launched their own website (www.mb.com.ph),
Facebook page (Manila Bulletin), Twitter account (@manilabulletin), and
YouTube channel (Manila Bulletin Online). The second type of media is
broadcasting. Merriam-Webster Dictionary defined broadcasting as an act of
transmitting sound or images by radio or television. Currently, broadcast
media is very vital. Because of the 2019-Novel Coronavirus pandemic we are
experiencing, broadcasting companies like ALFM 95.9 Radyo Totoo, GMA
Network, and the like are operating and updating us 24/7. Digital media is the
last type of media which includes websites, electronic mails, and social media.
Under digital media, there is the internet. According to Britannica, internet is a
system architecture that has revolutionized communications and methods of
commerce by allowing various computer networks around the world to
interconnect. Sometimes referred to as a “network of networks,” the Internet
emerged in the United States in the 1970s but did not become visible to the
general public until the early 1990s. By 2020, approximately 4.5 billion people,
or more than half of the world’s population, were estimated to have access to
the Internet. The internet is powerful as it accesses and supports digital
information and applications. It provides a capability so powerful and general
that it can be used for almost any purpose that depends on information, and it
is accessible by every individual who connects to one of
its constituent networks.
Marshall McLuhan, as mentioned earlier, was a Canadian media theorist
who first used the term “media.” According to him, media is the message. He
did not mean that ideas are useless and do not affect people. Media, as a
form of technology, reshape societies. Samsung South Africa published an
article about life before technology. In the 12 th Century AD, people use
pigeons to carry and deliver messages. Painted portraits were the
“photographs” nowadays. Smoke signals were the oldest form of visual
communication used in 200 BC to send messages along the Great Wall of
China. As technology evolves, life becomes easier. Before the invention of
television, people spend their time playing, chatting, and reading. In the
1960s, television was introduced to the public and because of that people’s
behavior changed. Television became a part of family dinner and living room
－ having a feast while watching morning, noon-time or prime-time shows
instead of knowing about one’s life. Smart phones are continuously evolving.
More and advanced features are added to cellphones such as face-
recognition sensor, super retina display, dual 12-megapixel cameras and
many more. We can conclude that, technology, and not the message, makes
social change possible.
McLuhan also added that different media simultaneously extend and
amputate human senses. Before the invention of Papyrus in Egypt, stories
were told and passed orally. Retentive memories were practiced as the
storytellers verbally pass the stories from one person to another. As Papyrus
becomes more common in Egypt, written stories were used instead of the oral
one. However, this development, according to some philosophers at the time,
dulled the people’s capacity to remember. In this age of social media, the
ability to communicate and interact with other people can be done
instantaneously. Overseas workers are able to talk with their families through
Facebook, Skype and other social media platforms. Some Filipinos were not
able to stay with their families due to the enhanced community quarantine.
Also, to avoid the transmission of the virus, physical classes are suspended,
hence, students were not able to complete the term. Live telecast, shows, and
concerts are prohibited. For this reason, schools conduct their classes online.
Physical classes are replaced with online meetings and activities. Families
can access the social media all day for the updates and news about the
pandemic. Celebrities and artists organize online shows and also concerts.
Some movies became available online for free streaming. Despite of these
advantages, there are also downfall of using technology based on the human
senses. Some people use shortcuts and abbreviation like BRB, OMW, BBL
and the like in their messages. There are couples who prefer using online
dating applications than the actual date. Users are easily distracted and more
prone to multitask. Therefore we can conclude that new media are either good
nor bad. The disadvantages and advantages of media will be further
discussed later on.

The global village that was created by by Marshall McLuhan, was meant
to declare that the world is turning into it because of television. As more and
more people sat down in front of their television sets and listened to the same
stories, their perception of the world would contract. The television have
shows the same stations based on your location. Because of media, there is a
high tendency of having a homogenized culture and lifestyle. Early thinkers
argued that as global media spread, people form all over the world would
begin to watch, listen to, and read the same things. Nowadays, Netflix turns
the world into global village. Netflix is an American media-service provider and
production company. It caters local and foreign TV shows, movies and
documentaries now and then. Users can watch different genres of shows from
different countries. Shows from Netflix are always trending in social media like
13 Reasons Why, Riverdale, and many more. Although it has paid
subscription, people are still using it.
The book also mentioned cultural imperialism. Tomlinson (2012) stated
that the term cultural imperialism refers most broadly to the exercise of
domination in cultural relationships in which the values, practices, and
meanings of a powerful foreign culture are imposed upon one or more native
cultures. Herbert Schiller stated that not only was the world being
Americanized, but that this process also led to the spread of "American"
capitalist values like consumerism. John Tomlinson noted that cultural
globalization is simply a euphemism for "Western cultural imperialism" since it
promotes "homogenized, Westernized, consumer culture." The Spanish
colonization in the country is a best example of cultural imperialism. Because
of Ferdinand Magellan’s expedition in 1521, Roman Catholicism was
introduced to our ancestors. When Miguel Lopez de Legazpi and the
Spaniards arrived in the Philippines in 1565, their primary intention was to
spread their religion. The Filipino language incorporated Spanish loanwords
as a result of 333 years of contact with the Spanish language (i.e. puede,
viaje, nieve, avante)

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