Agricultural Crop Production NC II: Using Farm Tools and Equipment (Ufte)

Agricultural Crop
Production NC II
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
USING FARM TOOLS AND
EQUIPMENT (UFTE)
Organic Agriculture Production NC II
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 2: Using Farm Tools and Equipments (UFTE)
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education

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Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module

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Illustrator: Name
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Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Using Farm Tools and
Equipments (UFTE)
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Agricultural Crop Production NC II Grade 11 Alternative Delivery

Mode (ADM) Module on Using Farm Tools and Equipments (UFTE)!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
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For the learner:
Welcome to the Agricultural Crop Production NC II Grade 11 Alternative Delivery

Mode (ADM) Module on Using Farm Tools and Equipment (UFTE)!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.
What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.
What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
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process what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.
Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It covers the
knowledge, skills and attitudes required to conduct activities related to farm
operations and basic concept in agricultural crops production. It is here to help you
master the knowledge in establishing of nursery.
The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning

situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the
order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you
are now using.
The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Select and use farm tools
 Lesson 2 – Select and operate farm equipment
 Lesson 3 – Perform preventive maintenance
After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Identify appropriate farm tools and equipment according to requirement/use
2. Report for faults and defects of farm tools and equipment in accordance with
farm procedures
3. Conduct pre-operation check-up in line with manufacturer’s manual
4. Follow safety procedures
5. Perform routine check up and maintenance of tools and equipment
6. Store tools and equipment in designated areas in line with farm procedures
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Lesson 1 What I Know
Let’s test what you already know about the first lesson.
Get ready! Choose the best answer by writing only the letter in your quiz
notebook.
1. Which of the following is an example of a digging tool?

A. Bolo B. Crowbar
C. Grub hoe D. Pruning shear
2. Which tool is used for cutting grass?
A. Shovel B. Bolo
C. Crowbar D. Mattock
3. What tool does NOT belong to the group?
A. Crowbar B. Mattock
C. Shovel D. Pruning shear
4. Farm tools are very important in pre-horticultural operations because they
__________
A. make work easier B. make work faster
C. save time and effort D. all of the above
5. A tool with one end of its blade flattened and the other pointed at right angles to
its handle is a ________________.
A. mattock B. crowbar
C. bolo D. spade
6. Which tool resembles the appearance of a spoon and is used for transferring
soil?
A. Spade B. Shovel
C. Spading fork D. Grub hoe
7. What implement is being pulled by a working animal to till the land?
A. Harrow B. Native plow
C. Disc plow D. Disc harrow
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8. An implement attached to a tractor that is used to pulverize the newly plowed
soil is a_____________.
A. trailer B. disc harrow
C. native plow D. disc plow
9. An open container with a single wheel at the front and two handles at the back
used to transport things is a____________.
A. hand tractor B. tractor
C. basket D. wheel barrow
10. Which of the following tools is used to harvest crops?
A. Knife B. Plow
C. Spade D. Basket
11. It is commonly used to help lift equipment such as shock absorbers, and to
keep belts tight and may harbour potentially dangerous stored energy.
A. Wrap points B. Cutting points
C. Spring D. Crush points
12. It is created when two objects move toward each other or one object moves
toward a stationary one.
13. Good Working Tools + Able and Aware Worker = ________________?
A. Good work B. Safety
C. Ability to be safe D. Work safety
14. What tool is used for tilling large areas, making furrows and inter row
cultivation?
A. Native/Disc Plow B. Rotavator
C. Tractor D. Native and disc Harrow
15. it is formed when two objects move together and at least one of them is moving
in a circle.
A. Pinch points B. Cutting points
3
Lesson
Select and Use of Farm
1 Tools
Farm tools, implements, and equipment play very important role in

horticultural operations. Their availability makes the work much easier and faster.
However, even if one may have the most sophisticated tools and implements, but
does not know how to use them, they are useless. In order to do horticultural
operations successfully, one must have a good working knowledge of the tools,
implements and equipment before using them.
What’s In
Before, you proceed to the new lesson; study the following so that you will be ready
for your next journey.
Let’s have a review! Tell me about the picture.
1. Are you familiar with each picture?
2. Can you say something about the picture?
3. Where do you usually see this?
4
This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the
learners. As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how
to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners'
progress while allowing them to manage their own learning.
What’s New
Let’s find out!

Let’s find out how much you know about farm tools and equipment. Some of
you may be sons and daughters of farmers who have some experience in farming.
In this activity you will do simple recall or will give ideas on the topics you will
discuss.
Choose topics that you want to discuss.
1. How to differentiate farm tools from implement?
2. How are farm tools and implement being used?
3. What are the examples of farm tools and implement?
What is It
Read the brief discussion about seed selection.

Hand Tools
Hand tools are usually light and are used without the help of animals or
machines. They are used in performing farm activities that involve small areas like
the school garden and home garden.
Table 1. Examples of hand tools and their uses
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Hand Tools Uses Illustration
Bolo Used for cutting

tall grasses and
weeds and
chopping
branches of
trees.
Used for
Crowbar
digging big
holes and for
digging out big
stones and
stumps.
Used for digging

Pick-mattock
canals, breaking
hard topsoil and
for digging up
stones and tree
stumps.
Sickle A hand-
held agricultural
tool with a
variously curved
blade typically
used for cutting
weeds.
Grab-hoe Used for

breaking hard
topsoil and for
pulverizing
soil.
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Spade Used for removing
trash or soil,
digging canals or
ditches, and mixing
soil media.
Shovel Used for removing

trash, digging loose
soil, moving soil
from one place to
another and for
mixing soil media.
Rake Used for cleaning

the ground and
leveling the topsoil.
Spading fork Used for loosening

the soil, digging out
root crops and
turning over the
materials in a
compost heap.
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Used for loosening
Light hoe
and leveling soil
and for digging out
furrows for
planting
Used for loosening

Hand trowel
the soil around the
growing plants,
and putting small
amount of manure
fertilizer in the soil.
Used for
Hand cultivator
cultivating the
garden plot by
loosening the
soil and
removing
weeds around
the plant.
Hand fork
Used for inter-
row cultivation.
Pruning Used for

shears cutting
branches of
planting
materials and
unnecessary
branches of
plants.
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Used for cutting a
Axe bigger size post.
Sprinklers Used for

watering
seedlings and
young plants
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Water pails Used for hauling
water, manure and
fertilizers
Used to spray
insecticides, foliar
Sprayers fertilizers, fungicides
and herbicides
Used for hauling

trash, manures,
fertilizers, planting
Wheel materials and other
barrow equipment.
Farm Implements
These are accessories that are being pulled by working animals or mounted
to machineries (hand tractor, tractor); which are usually used in the preparation of
land. These are usually made of a special kind of metal.
Table 2. Different type of farm implements and their uses
Farm Implements Uses Illustration
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Native /disc plow Used for tilling large
areas, making furrows
and inter row cultivation.
Native/disc Used for tilling and

harrow pulverizing the soil.
Rotavator Used for tilling and

pulverizing the soil
Defects and Hazards Associated with Farm Tools
Although there are many different types of farm machinery, they tend to
have similar characteristics and parts, such as:
cutting edges
gears
chains
levers
revolving shafts and
rotating blades.
The main hazards associated with exposure to these parts are described below.
Shear/Cutting Points
Shear points are created when the edges of two objects are moved close
enough together to cut a material, as in the case of a pair of shears or an
auger.
Cutting points are created when a single object moves forcefully or rapidly
enough to cut, as in the case of a sickle blade.
They are hazards because of their cutting force, and because they often
move so rapidly that they may not be visible.
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Workers should be aware of shear points, and shields or guards should be
used to prevent exposure or access.
Pinch Points
Pinch points are formed when two objects move together and at least one of
them is moving in a circle. For example, the point at which a belt runs onto
a pulley is a pinch point. Belt drives, chain drives and gear drives are other
examples of pinch points in power transmission devices.
Body parts such as fingers, hands and feet can be caught directly in pinch
points, or they may be drawn into the pinch points by loose clothing that
becomes entangled.
Workers should be aware of pinch points, and shields or guards should be
used to prevent exposure or access.
Wrap Points
Rotating shafts are the most common source of wrap point accidents,
although any exposed tool part that rotates can be a wrap point. Clothing or
hair can catch on a rotating part.
The ends of shafts that protrude beyond bearings are also dangerous.
Universal joints, keys and fastening devices can also snag clothing.
Entanglement with a wrap point can pull you into the machine, or clothing
may become so tightly wrapped that you are crushed or suffocated.
Workers operating machinery should be aware of wrap points and wear
clothing that will not become entangled in moving components. In addition,
where possible, shields or guards should be used to prevent access.
Crush Points
Crush points are created when two objects move toward each other or one
object moves toward a stationary one. For example: (failure to block up tool
safely can result in a crushing injury)
Crushing injuries most commonly occur to fingers. To prevent a crushing
injury, workers should: (be aware of crush points and avoid potentially
dangerous situations; arrange the hitch point so that a tool can be backed
into position without a worker being in the path)
Pull-In Points
Pull-in points usually occur when plant material or other obstacles become
stuck in feed rolls or other tool parts, preventing the mechanism from
operating
Springs
Springs are commonly used to help lift equipment such as shock absorbers,
and to keep belts tight and may harbour potentially dangerous stored
energy.
Springs under compression will expand with great force when released while
those that are stretched will contract rapidly when released.
A worker should know in which direction a spring will move and how it
might affect another tool part when released, and stay out of its path.
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GENERAL FARM TOOL SAFETY
Keeping tools in good working condition is half the formula for being
safe. The other half is the ability and awareness of the person using the tools
Safety = Good Working Tools + Able and Aware Worker
Tool failure causes some farm accidents; however, most farm

accidents are caused by tired, stressed, rushed, distracted, or incompetent
workers.
In addition to the specific safe handling rules for each type of farm
tools, there are ten basic guidelines for tools safety:
Read and comply with the operator's safety manual for each piece of farm
tool.
Prepare for safety by wearing appropriate clothing, having enough rest, not
drinking alcohol, and ensuring that all workers have been trained and are
capable of safely using the farm tool.
Keep all guards, shields, and access doors in place when the tool is in used
Be aware of what you are doing and where you are going.
Adjust tool to fit working conditions.
Keep children and other people away from the working area.
Take breaks from work, as necessary.
What’s More
Let’s solidify your learning!
Independent Activity 1
Directions: Find the 10 farm tools and implement below.
P S E Q U I P M E N T T
I Q W E R T O Q U I O P
C W H E E L B A R R O W
K A S D O F G H J K L S
M Z X B C V B N M L K I
A E W Q A S D F G H J C
T R T Y U I O P A W S K
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T C D F H A N D T O O L
O R G H J K L M N L B E
C O V C X Z A S D P F G
K W H J K L P O I C U Y
U B I O P A S D F S H J
R A E T Y U I J H I L N
S R A K E E T B X D C D
J A S P E R S H O V E L
Independent Assessment 2
Directions: Enumerate the following.
1. Give at least 5 examples of hand tools and its uses.
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
2. Give 3 examples of farm implements and its uses.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
3. Give at least 2 characteristics/parts of farm machinery
________________
________________
Directions: Answer the following questions.
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1. Farmer used me to spray insecticides, foliar fertilizers, fungicides and herbicides.
What am I?
2. I have a handle; I am very useful especially in carrying water and animal

manure. What am I?
3. I am a point which are created when the edges of two objects are moved close
enough together to cut a material. What am I?
4. I am a point which is formed when two objects move together and at least one of
them is moving in a circle. What am I?
5. I am a point which is commonly used to help lift equipment such as shock

absorbers, and to keep belts tight and may harbour potentially dangerous stored
energy. What am I?
Directions: Explain the following question based on your own understanding.
1. Why Farm tools and implements are important?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. What do you think the reason why we need to know the farm tool and
implements?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. How will you apply the knowledge that you’ve learned?
__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
What I Have Learned
A. Fill in the blanks with the correct term or phrase to complete the sentence.
Loosening Implement Cutting edges

Metal Hand tools
Gears Pulverizing Blades
Equipment Chains
15 Tractor
Levers Tilling
1. __________these are accessories that are being pulled by working animals or
mounted to machineries (hand tractor, tractor); which are usually used in the
preparation of land. These are usually made of a special kind of 2. _______________
3.___________________are usually light and are used without the help of animals or
machines. Rotavator is used for 4.______________ and 5.___________ the soil. There
are many different types of farm machinery and they tend to have similar
characteristics and parts such as 6.____________, 7.____________,
8.____________,9.___________ and 10.____________.
B. Matching Type: Match column A to Column B
______1. Sprinkler A. used for spraying insecticides,

foliar fertilizers, fungicides and herbicides
______2. Sickle B. used for hauling water, manure and
fertilizers
______3. Hand Fork C. used for watering seedlings
______4. Bolo D. is a handheld agricultural tool with a
variously curved blade typically used for
cutting weeds.
______5. Native plow E. Used for tilling large areas
______6. Shovel F. used for removing trash, digging loose

soil, moving soil from one place to another
and for mixing soil media
______7. Pruning Shear G. used for cutting bigger size post
______8. Sprayer H. used for cutting branches of planting
materials and unnecessary branches of
plants
______9. Pail I. used for inter-row cultivation
______10. Axe J. used for cutting tall grasses and weeds
and chopping branches of trees
What I Can Do
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Situational Statement
Mang Kanor owned 2 hectares farm land with complete tools and implement
for work to become easier and faster while Mang Juan also owned the same size of
farm land but not the same as what Mang Kanor has in terms of tools and
implement because he preferred to spend the money in other farm inputs rather
than buying those things. In the situation, who would you like to be? And why?
Congratulations! You are now at the last part of this lesson.
To test your mastery of the skill, kindly answer the following activities.
Lesson 1 Assessment
Choose the best answer by writing only the letter in your quiz notebook.
1. Which of the following is an example of a digging tool?

A. Bolo B. Crowbar
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C. Grub hoe D. Pruning shear
2. Which tool is used for cutting grass?
A. Shovel B. Bolo
C. Crowbar D. Mattock
3. What tool does NOT belong to the group?
A. Crowbar B. Mattock
C. Shovel D. Pruning shear
__________
5. A tool with one end of its blade flattened and the other pointed at right angles to
its handle is a ________________.
A. mattock B. crowbar
C. bolo D. spade
6. Which tool resembles the appearance of a spoon and is used for transferring
soil?
A. Spade B. Shovel
C. Spading fork D. Grub hoe
7. What implement is being pulled by a working animal to till the land?
A. Harrow B. Native plow
C. Disc plow D. Disc harrow
8. An implement attached to a tractor that is used to pulverize the newly plowed
soil is a_____________.
A. trailer B. disc harrow
C. native plow D. disc plow
9. An open container with a single wheel at the front and two handles at the back
used to transport things is a____________.
A. hand tractor B. tractor
C. basket D. wheel barrow
10. Which of the following tools is used to harvest crops?
A. Knife B. Plow
C. Spade D. Basket
18
11. It is commonly used to help lift equipment such as shock absorbers, and to
keep belts tight and may harbour potentially dangerous stored energy.
12. It is created when two objects move toward each other or one object moves
toward a stationary one.
13. Good Working Tools + Able and Aware Worker = ________________?
A. Good work B. Safety
C. Ability to be safe D. Work safety
14. What tool is used for tilling large areas, making furrows and inter row
cultivation?
A. Native/Disc Plow B. Rotavator
C. Tractor D. Native and disc Harrow
15. It is formed when two objects move together and at least one of them is moving
in a circle.
A. Pinch points B. Cutting points
Additional Activities
Scrapbook on Farm Tools and Implement

After learning about the different farm tools and equipment, you will be
compiling pictures of it which includes its functions.
Procedure:
1. Collect pictures of various farm tools and equipment with its functions.
You may clip pictures from the internet.
2. For the pictures taken from online sites, copy the URL and paste it below
the pictures.
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3. Cut the pictures and compile it like scrapbook using any recyclable
materials.
Quantity Rubrics for rating the output:

Criteria Score
20 15 10 5
Completeness
Well Organized
Neatness
Creativity
Congratulations! You have successfully passed the assessment.
Get ready for the next lesson!
Let’s test how much do you already know about the next lesson.
Get ready! Choose the best answer by writing only the letter in your quiz notebook.
1. These are machineries used in horticultural operations, especially in vegetable

production.
A. Equipment B. Hand tools
C. Implement D. Cutting tools
2. This equipment needs a _________ operator to use?
A. Highly recommended B. Highly authorised
C. Highly skilled D. Highly knowledgeable
3. What equipment used to draw irrigation water from a source?
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A. Hand tractor B. Water pump
C. four wheel tractor D. Rotavator
__________
5. It is used to pull a plow and harrow in preparing a large area of land
6. What equipment is used to pull disc plow and disc harrow in preparing much
bigger area of land.
7. Also know as single pedal
A. Clutch B. Forward
C. Brake D. Reverse
8. What pedal is called “rocker” pedal?
A. Clutch B. Forward & reverse
C. Brake D. Throttle control
9. It is an orange handled lever equipped with a turtle and a rabbit symbol.
10. These pedals sit above the rocker pedal and can be operated as one pedal or
split to brake the individual rear wheels
11-15 What are the Basic Tractor Safety Principles? List at least 5 principles.
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
21
Lesson
Select and Operate Farm
2 Equipment
These are machineries used in horticultural operations, especially in
vegetable production. They are used in land preparation and in transporting farm
inputs and products. This equipment needs a highly skilled operator to use.
What’s In
Before, you proceed to the new lesson, study the following, and recall what you
have learned from the previous lesson so that you will be ready for your next
journey.
Directions: Answer the table below:
Example of tools Uses

What’s New
22
Determine how much you already know about farm equipment and how to
operate it. In this activity you will give ideas on the topics you will discuss.
Choose topics that you want to discuss using words or illustration.
Topic 1 – Why do you need to study the appropriate farm equipment?
Topic 2 –What is farm equipment and its uses?
Topic 3 – How to operate farm equipment?
What is It
Read the brief discussion about seed testing germination
Equipment
These are machineries used in horticultural operations, especially in

vegetable production. They are used in land preparation and in transporting farm
inputs and products. This equipment needs a highly skilled operator to use.
Table 3. Farm equipment and their uses

Equipment Uses Illustration
Hand tractor Used to pull a plow

and harrow in
preparing a large area
of land.
Water pump Used to draw irrigation

water from a source
Four wheel Used to pull disc plow

tractor and disc harrow in
preparing much bigger
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area of land.
Farm Equipment Parts and Functions
Understanding the Various Controls on the Tractor
Starting the Tractor
The Kubota and most small farm tractors are started by turning the key to
the right one click until the light for the glow plugs comes on and then goes
off again.
You may then depress the clutch and turn the key all the way to the right
until the engine turns over.
On cold mornings the choke may be required. This is operated by pulling the
choke (located near the key) all the way out. As you turn the engine over,
slowly push the choke back in until the engine kicks on.
It is very important that the throttle be pushed all the way in the upward
(turtle) position before starting the tractor. This gives the tractor an
opportunity to warm up in the idle position, which is very important for any
diesel engine.
1. Throttle Control
The throttle can be located sticking out of right side of the dash. It is
an orange handled lever equipped with a turtle and a rabbit symbol.
Pulling down on the lever towards the rabbit increases the amount of
fuel fed into the engine and therefore increases RPM‘s and available
power to the tractor.
2. Clutch Pedal
This pedal is found on the left side of your foot controls. It is a single pedal.
3. Forward and Reverse Pedal
This ―rocker‖ pedal makes the tractor go forwards and backwards and
can be found on the right side of your foot controls. It sits on the
floor of the tractor.
4. Brake Pedals
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These pedals sit above the ―rocker‖ pedal and can be operated as one
pedal or split to brake the individual rear wheels.
Basic Tractor Safety Principles

Always wear your seatbelt! Most tractors are equipped with a roll over
protection device that is built to protect you if the tractor rolls. A seatbelt will
save you from getting crushed!
Never stand near a spinning PTO! The PTO and connected drive shaft spins
with incredible o force.
Keep clothing and body parts away from the spinning shaft, or risk
dismemberment and death!
Do not rest arms or hands in the joints of any hydraulic part or risk
dismemberment.
Never put your hands inside or around active implements when the tractor
is running
Turn off tractor if any jamming or other obstructions occur when using PTO
driven implements.
Do not operate tractor on a dangerous slope! Be aware of rollover dangers.
Always move very slowly when moving heavy loads in the bucket! Driving
with a heavy
load greatly changes the balance and stability of the tractor. Heavy loads
encourage tipping and rolling.
How to Operate a Farm Tractor
Knowing how to drive farm tractor properly can help avoid accidents. Using
the tractor in the farm reduces the tedious work and eventually offers more time
enjoying other activities.
In this sense, you should know the safety precautions when using the farm
tractor.
25
Improper use of farm tractor is one of the major causes of deaths related to
farm works. According to study, almost 800 people died every year because of
tractor accidents and other s re injured. There are several ways of tractor accident
such as falls of both the operators as well as extra riders. That is why if you are
using the farm tractor during the cropping months make sure that you have the
proper knowledge in operating the equipment.
Know the Operation
Before you decide to let anyone operate the farm tractor you need to ensure
that the individual knows how to operate the machine. Never let anyone operate
the tractor without proper training otherwise it might lead to accident. It is vital to
follow the safety rule to ensure that the operator is physically fit, trained and
qualified to operate the farm tractor. To ensure safety a new operator can practice
using the farm tractor without attaching the equipment. Proper demonstration of
the procedure is necessary as well as explains how each element of the machine
operates. On the other hand, after the demonstration the trainer should allow the
new operator to operate the machine. Yet close supervision is required and give
instructions when needed.
Pre-Operation Check up
Maintenance Inspection
Before operating the farm tractor see to it to check first if it works well. Keep
in mind that there are many factors that alter the safety and reliability of the
machine. That is why it is essential to perform pre-operational check up to ensure
safe operation. Keeping the tractor in good working condition can help prevent
possible accidents. Ensure to keep always at hand the operating manual. See to it
that each operator should read and understand the information written the
manual. By following the operating precautions as well as following the
recommendations, accidents will be avoided. Likewise, the operator should wear
the appropriate clothing and gears when operating the farm tractor.
Safe refueling
Another accident that is associated to farm tractor is fire and explosions.
Keep in mind that when refueling there is a great risk as you will handle gasoline.
As a safety measure, you should never refuel the machine while the engine is
running. Otherwise, static electricity would generate a spark and worst lead to fire.
To reduce the static electricity, you should drop a mounted wire in the equipment
to the ground.
26
What’s More
Now that you already know about the farm equipment and how to operate it,
it’s your turn to make your own process idea about it! Just fill in the box below
what you have understood from the topic!
Farm
equipment
and how to
operate it
Directions: Explain the following question.
1. Why is it necessary to know the operation of farm equipment?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. What is the significance of knowing the example Farm Equipment?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. Do you think that the basic safety principles of operating tractor are helpful to
you? Why?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Directions: List down the following things to consider in when it comes to pre
27
operation check up.
Things to consider
Maintenance
Inspection
TRUE OR FALSE: Read and analyze each statement below. Write True if the
statement is correct; False if the statement is incorrect on the space provided for.
1. Accident that is associated to farm tractor is fire and explosions.

2. When refueling there is a no risk as you will handle gasoline.
3. You should always refuel the machine while the engine is running.
4. Static electricity would generate a spark and worst lead to fire.
5. To reduce the static electricity, never drop a mounted wire in the equipment to
the ground.
What I Have Learned
A. Fill in the blanks with the correct term or phrase to complete the sentence.
operate instruction proper training

element procedure operator trainer
safety rule demonstration machine
Before you decide to let anyone 1.__________ the farm tractor you need to
ensure that the individual knows how to operate the machine. Never let anyone
operate the tractor without 2._____________ otherwise it might lead to accident. It is
vital to follow the 3.____________ to ensure that the operator is physically fit,
trained and qualified to operate the farm tractor. To ensure safety a new
4. ______________ can practice using the farm tractor without attaching the
equipment. Proper demonstration of the 5.____________ is necessary as well as
explains how each 6. ___________ of the machine operates. On the other hand,
28
after the 7._____________ the 8.____________should allow the new operator to
operate the 9.___________. Yet close supervision is required and give 10.__________
when needed.
B. Answer the following question.
1. Define equipment
2. Give the specific uses and function of the following equipments:

A. Hand tractor
B. Four wheel tractor
C. Water pump
What I Can Do
Types and Model of Tractor

Instruction: In your notebook, copy and answer the table below. Give at least 2
examples each.
Equipment Model Manufacturer

Hand tractor (ex.) MX 113-3 12 HP Mingsin Trade Co.Ltd.
lighting type
Water pump
Four wheel tractor
29
Lesson 2 Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. These are machineries used in horticultural operations, especially in vegetable

production.
A. Equipment B. Hand tools
C. Implement D. Cutting tools
2. This equipment needs a _________ operator to use?
A. Highly recommended B. Highly authorised
C. Highly skilled D. Highly knowledgeable
3. What equipment used to draw irrigation water from a source?

__________
5. It is used to pull a plow and harrow in preparing a large area of land
6. What equipment is used to pull disc plow and disc harrow in preparing much
bigger area of land.
7. Also know as single pedal
A. Clutch B. Forward
C. Brake D. Reverse
8. What pedal is called “rocker” pedal?
30
9. It is an orange handled lever equipped with a turtle and a rabbit symbol.
10. These pedals sit above the rocker pedal and can be operated as one pedal or
split to brake the individual rear wheels
11-15 What are the Basic Tractor Safety Principles? List at least 5 principles.
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
Research Activity
Cite a story of a farmer that has an experience when it comes to
maintenance and operating tractor. What are your thoughts about it?
In order to operate farm equipment such as hand tractor, water

pump and four wheel tractors you should know the parts and
characteristics of it and follow the proper guidelines, the basic safety
principles in operating equipment.
31
Get ready for the next lesson!
Let’s test how much do you already know about the next lesson.
Get ready! TRUE OR FALSE: Read and analyze each statement below. Write True if
the statement is correct; False if the statement is incorrect on the space provided
for.
1. It is not advisable to use the stone in a stabilized way.
2. Tools that are worn out should be separated and fixed immediately to avoid
accident.
3. When sharpening, try to maintain the original factory bevel or angle
4. Always push the file across the blade in a motion away from your body
5. Clean accumulated rust and dirt off all metal surfaces with paint.
6. Move the file diagonally, so that its cutting teeth are biting into the metal on the
tool.
7. Use medium-grit sandpaper to remove rust on larger tools such as shovels,
spades, and hoes.
8. When sharpening with a file, use oil.
9. Oil helps tool to work as intended and will prevent the formation of rust.
10. For pruners, use a whetstone because it produces a very sharp cutting edge.
11. Clamping the garden tool into place with a vise frees both of your hands to use
the whetstone, and gives you more control over what you are doing.
12. Tools that are worn out should be mixed and be fixed immediately to avoid
accidents.
32
13. When lubricating grease fittings, it is best practice to lubricate in both the
loaded and unloaded positions, as the grease will only press into the unloaded space
in either position.
14. Disc plow, and harrow, should also be lubricated on their moving parts like
springs
15. Tractors should be tuned-up by highly trained operator.
Lesson
Perform Preventive
3 Maintenance
Imagine that the long, hot summer vacation has finally come to an end, it‘s
the beginning of the school year, and you are ready to start working your vegetable
gardens. But before that, let us check first our tools, implements and equipment.
This lesson deals with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes in performing preventive
maintenance
What’s In
Before, you proceed to the new lesson, study the following, and recall what you
have learned from the previous lesson so that you will be ready for your next
journey.
Let’s review
The following will help you to recall about select and operate farm equipment.
I am a machine used in horticultural operations, especially in vegetable

production. I was used in land preparation and in transporting farm inputs and
products. What am I?
I was used to pull a plow and harrow in preparing a large area of land. What
am I?
33
I was used to pull disc plow and disc harrow in preparing much bigger area
of land. What am I?
I was used to draw irrigation water from a source. What am I?

What’s New
Have you ever experience to check up farm tools, implements and

equipment? If you already experience how does it feel?
Below are boxes. Copy it in your notebooks and answer it. In each box write
how you check up farm tools, implement and equipment.
Check up farm
tools,
implement and
equipment
What is It
Read the brief discussion about growing media.
34
PRE-OPERATIVE CHECK UP OF FARM TOOLS, IMPLEMENTS AND
EQUIPMENTS
Use your working clothes and your personal protective equipment (PPE).
Proceed to the shop to retrieve your tools so that you can start clearing away the
last remnants of summer, and begin breaking the soil for a new year. Imagine your
frustration as you start pulling out all of your tools to see that they are covered
with rust, and dirt and crusty globs of oil that have collected dust last vacation. It
seems that you are going to spend more time cleaning and repairing tools more
than you will actually use them.
How to Clean Your Garden Tools:

Let‘s start with the basics. Your shovel, spade, hoe, or even the blades on a
hedge trimmer will be a lot easier to use if you take a few minutes to knock some of
the rust off the blade. Not only will this extend the life of the tool, but also cut
through the soil better, requiring less effort to use. A whetstone is an ideal tool to
use, to keep all of the cutting edges of your garden tools honed. It will work well on
your shovel, as well as many other common garden tools.
The best way to use the stone is to find a way to stabilize the tool that you
want to work on. A bench vise is ideal. You will be able to clamp the tool into place
at an angle, so you can work on it. Clamping the garden tool into place with a vise
frees both of your hands to use the whetstone, and gives you more control over
what you are doing.
Apply a little lubricating oil at the end of the tool, and carefully begin to work
the stone over the blade. Maintain a 30-degree angle between the stone and the
blade to form the ideal cutting edge for your tool.
In instances where the moving parts of your garden tools (such as with of
any new pruners, shears, and loppers) have frozen in place, like springs and pivot
joints. You should disassemble them first removing carefully any rust or dirt that
may keep the tool from functioning properly. Clean accumulated rust and dirt off
all metal surfaces with a wire brush. Remove stubborn rust from small tools with a
fine steel wool. Using an old toothbrush with some lightweight lubricating oil is a
great way to work fresh oil into the joints of most garden tools. Use medium-grit
sandpaper to remove rust on larger tools such as shovels, spades, and hoes.
When working with a file, stabilize the blades in a vise, or against a solid
surface such as a work bench, to avoid injury and ensure an even stroke. Always
push the file across the blade in a motion away from your body. Move the file
diagonally, so that its cutting teeth are biting into the metal on the tool. When
35
sharpening with a file, do not use oil; metal filings will accumulate and clog the
file's serrations.
Farm implements like ordinary plow and wooden harrow should be checked
thoroughly before use. Loosened bolts and nuts should be tightened firmly. Disc
plow, and harrow, should also be lubricated on their moving parts like bearings.
Tractors should be tuned-up by skilled operator. Checking on their oil, a lubricant,
and fuel and cooling system.
Tools that are worn out should be separated and be fixed immediately to
avoid accidents.
Upkeep of Equipment
Keep a detailed service record. Scheduled service intervals are usually found
in the owner's manual, but many tractors do not get enough use to reach the
hour requirements for oil changes, etc., so these services may be done on an
annual basis instead.
When lubricating grease fittings, it is best practice to lubricate in both the
loaded and unloaded positions, as the grease will only press into the
unloaded space in either position. Greasing in both positions will better
provide a complete lubrication.
The battery in this tractor has little protection so it should be checked often
Always allow tractors, especially diesel engine tractors, to warm up when
cranked after a long period of non-use.
Never over rev the engine when it is first started. Hydraulic lifters, hydraulic
pumps, and oil pumps may drain down while the tractor is not in use, and
damage can occur to these components.
Check lug nuts. The lug nuts on the large back wheels are prone to work
loose if not torque properly.
The rear wheel has a tapered hub, so reversing the wheel brings the tire in
toward the tractor's center.
Learn to reverse the wheels if you use the tractor for field operations that
require different wheel width settings.
What’s More
Directions: Identification write the correct answer in the space provided
________________1. The best way to stabilize the tool.
_________________2. It is to clean accumulated rust and dirt off all metal surfaces.
________________3. It is used to remove stubborn rust from small tools.
________________4. It prevent the formation of rust.
________________5. Use to remove rust on larger tools.
36
Directions: Give at least 5 ways how to clean garden tools?
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Directions: Explain the following question.
1. What is the importance to have pre operative check up of farm tools, implement
and equipment?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. Is it necessary to clean garden tools? Why?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
What I Have Learned
A. Fill in the blank with a word or group of words to complete the sentence.
Ideal; stabilize clamping

stone whetstone lubricant oil carefully
pitting and rust blade sharper
The best way to use the _________ is to find a way to __________the tool
that you want to work on. A bench vise is _______. You will be able to clamp the
tool into place at an angle, so you can work on it. ________ the garden tool into
place with a vise frees both of your hands to use the _______________, and gives
you more control over what you are doing. Apply a little ____________ at the end
of the tool, and ____________ begin to work the stone over the blade. Maintain a
30-degree angle between the stone and the _________ to form the ideal cutting
37
edge for your tool. Not only will the edge become ___________ but you will also be
removing any ___________ that has formed at the edge of your tool‘s blade.
What I Can Do
CREATING FORMS FOR MONITORING THE PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Materials needed:
Ballpen
Bond paper
Farm tools and equipment
Instructions:
After learning about the preventive maintenance of different farm equipment,
you will make an inventory reflecting the conditions of the available tools and
equipment at your home.
1. Make a list of the available the tools and equipment at your home
2. Create a maintenance checklist of all the tools and equipment reflecting its
regular and periodic cleaning.
3. Create an inspection checklist reflecting its condition
4. Create an inspection summary checklist stating the conditions and the action to
be done
Quantity Rubrics for rating the output:
Criteria Score
20 15 10 5
Completeness
Well Organized
Neatness
Updated
38
Lesson 3 Assessment
TRUE OR FALSE: Read and analyze each statement below. Write True if the
statement is correct; False if the statement is incorrect on the space provided for.
1. It is not advisable to use the stone in a stabilized way.
2. Tools that are worn out should be separated and fixed immediately to avoid
accident.
3. When sharpening, try to maintain the original factory bevel or angle
4. Always push the file across the blade in a motion away from your body
5. Clean accumulated rust and dirt off all metal surfaces with paint.
6. Move the file diagonally, so that its cutting teeth are biting into the metal on the
tool.
7. Use medium-grit sandpaper to remove rust on larger tools such as shovels,
spades, and hoes.
8. When sharpening with a file, use oil.
9. Oil helps tool to work as intended and will prevent the formation of rust.
10. For pruners, use a whetstone because it produces a very sharp cutting edge.
11. Clamping the garden tool into place with a vise frees both of your hands to use
the whetstone, and gives you more control over what you are doing.
12. Tools that are worn out should be mixed and be fixed immediately to avoid
accidents.
13. When lubricating grease fittings, it is best practice to lubricate in both the
loaded and unloaded positions, as the grease will only press into the unloaded space
in either position.
14. Disc plow, and harrow, should also be lubricated on their moving parts like
springs
15. Tractors should be tuned-up by highly trained operator.
Directions: give the uses of the following word.

1. Whetstone
2. Lubricating oil
3. Hoe
4. Hydraulic pump
5. Lug nut
39
Answer Key
Lesson 1 What I Lesson 2 What I Know Lesson 3 What I

Know 1. A Know
1. B 2. C 1. FALSE
2. B 3. B 2. TRUE
3. D 4. D 3. TRUE
4. D 5. A 4. TRUE
5. A 6. C 5. TRUE
6. B 7. A 6. TRUE
7. B 8. C 7. TRUE
8. B 9. D 8. FALSE
9. D 10. B 9. TRUE
10. A 11. Always wear your seatbelt 10. TRUE
12.Never stand near a spinning
11. C 11. TRUE
PTO!
12. D 13.Keep clothing and body parts 12. FALSE
13. B away from the spinning shaft. 13. TRUE
14. A 14.Do not rest arms or hands in 14. FALSE
the joints of any hydraulic part or
15. A risk dismemberment. 15. FALSE
15.Never put your hands inside
or around active implements
when the tractor is running
LESSON 1
Assessment What I Have What's More

1. B Learned Independent Activity1
2. B
3. D 1. Rake
4. D 1. Implement 2. Crow bar
40 3. Wheel Barrow
5. A 4. Bolo
6. B 2. Metal 5. Shovel
7. B 6. Pick Mattock
LESSON 2

1. A Learned Independent Assessment 2
2. C
3. B
4. D 1. Operate 1. TRUE
5. A
6. C 2. proper training 2. FALSE
7. A
8. C
3. safety rule 3. FALSE
9. D
10. B
11. Always wear your 4. new operator 4. TRUE
seatbelt
12.Never stand near a
spinning PTO! 5. procedure 5. FALSE
13.Keep clothing and body
parts away from the
spinning shaft. 6. element
14.Do not rest arms or
hands in the joints of any
hydraulic part or risk 7. demonstration
dismemberment.
15.Never put your hands
inside or around active 8. trainer
implements when the tractor
is running
9. machine
LESSON 3

1. FALSE Learned
2. TRUE Independent Activity 1
3. TRUE
4. TRUE 1. Stone
5. TRUE
6. TRUE 2. Stabilize
7. TRUE 1. Stone
8. FALSE
9. TRUE 3. Ideal
2. Wire brush
10. TRUE
11. TRUE 4. Clamping
12. FALSE 3. Steel wool
13. TRUE
14. FALSE 5. Whetstone 4. Fresh oil
15. FALSE
6. Lubricant oil 5. Medium Grit
sandpaper
41
References
Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module Horticulture Exploratory
Course Grade 7 and Grade 8 pp 6-37
42
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)
Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985
Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph

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Agricultural Crop

Published by the Department of Education

Development Team of the Module

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – RegionIV-A CALABARZON

Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village,Barangay San Isidro

Welcome to the Agricultural Crop Production NC II Grade 11 Alternative Delivery

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

Notes to the Teacher

Welcome to the Agricultural Crop Production NC II Grade 11 Alternative Delivery

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

The following are some reminders in using this module:

The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Which of the following is an example of a digging tool?

Farm tools, implements, and equipment play very important role in

Let’s have a review! Tell me about the picture.

1. Are you familiar with each picture?

2. Can you say something about the picture?

3. Where do you usually see this?

Let’s find out!

Read the brief discussion about seed selection.

Table 1. Examples of hand tools and their uses

Bolo Used for cutting

Used for digging

Grab-hoe Used for

Shovel Used for removing

Rake Used for cleaning

Spading fork Used for loosening

Used for loosening

Pruning Used for

Sprinklers Used for

Used for hauling

Table 2. Different type of farm implements and their uses

Farm Implements Uses Illustration

Native/disc Used for tilling and

Rotavator Used for tilling and

Defects and Hazards Associated with Farm Tools

Safety = Good Working Tools + Able and Aware Worker

Tool failure causes some farm accidents; however, most farm

Let’s solidify your learning!

Directions: Find the 10 farm tools and implement below.

Directions: Enumerate the following.

1. Give at least 5 examples of hand tools and its uses.

Directions: Answer the following questions.