Gas Turbine
Inspection
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document
or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,
including rights created by patent grant or registration of
a utility model or design, are reserved
Class: RESTRICTED
Tips for Inspection
The components in the hot gas path between the burn-
ers and the turbine blading must be inspected at regular
intervals. KWU gas turbines use film cooling within the
range of the flame cylinder end plate and ceramic liners in
the cylindrical section of the flame cylinder, and operate
with relatively low stressing of the combustion system.
Periodic replacement of the hot gas path items is thus not
necessary.
Being enclosed by considerably colder outer casings,
the hot inner parts between the flame cylinder and the
turbine move relative to each other and to the outer casing
in the sliding joints provided for this purpose. A completely
uniform thermal expansion of the inner parts cannot be
achieved by design measures. For this reason, the inner
parts are subject to a certain wear due to frictional forces
and low-cycle fatigue.
The inspections are intended to keep a check on this
wear phenomenon at regular intervals (cf. Intervals for
Inspections and Major Inspections) and to prevent its prog-
ress by suitable remedial measures.
Warning!
Risk of injury: Rotating parts: Do not work on
the gas turbine until it has come to a com-
plete stop. Do not start up gas turbine until
all work has been completed. Prior to start-
up, make certain that the turbine is in a con-
dition safe for operation.
Warning!
Danger of burns: Do not touch hot surfaces.
During operation and after shutdown, many
gas turbine parts are at temperatures ex-
ceeding 100 °C. Do not enter the combustion
chambers until these have cooled down to
roughly room temperature.Hot surfaces can
cause severe burns.
The execution of this work is greatly facilitated by the
very simple access through manholes designed for quick
opening. Direct visual examination of all burners, walls of
Siemens AG
Power Generation
the hot gas path and first stage turbine moving and sta-
tionary blades minimizes manpower and time requirements
(as compared to endoscopic inspection or flame cylinder
disassembly).
Allow the gas turbine to cool down to roughly room
temperature before entering the combustion chambers.
Cooling is a function of the ambient conditions and may
require as long as 16 hours. During the cooling down pe-
riod, other maintenance work on the compressor and ex-
ternal to the gas turbine can be performed. Depending on
the number of personnel, two to three 10-hour shifts are
required to perform the work in the hot gas path. Turning
gear operation is only interrupted for the duration of inspec-
tion of the turbine blading, and the gas turbine is ready for
restart immediately after closure of the manholes.
In the case of a machine run exclusively on fuel gas
where the specifications for intake air and fuel are complied
with and maintenance is performed regularly, the activities
stipulated in the inspection checklist can be completed by
an inspector familiar with these duties in approx. 30 to 50
hours. If the unit operates mainly or exclusively on liquid
fuel, inspection of the oil burners is generally also required.
This work, which involves disassembly of the oil burners,
can be performed in parallel with other work and requires
approximately 20 man-hours. If there is high wear of the
injection nozzles due to a higher contaminant content of the
fuel, it may be necessary to inspect the oil burners after
half the normal inspection interval.
The periods indicated are based on the employment of
the manufacturer's experienced maintenance personnel.
Following suitable training, the inspection can also be per-
formed by the operator. The accuracy required in per-
forming the visual inspection and the correct interpretation
of the findings require, however, the extensive knowledge
and experience of a suitably qualified inspector. It is there-
fore recommended to have at least this part of the work
performed by the manufacturer. Irrespective of this re-
quirement, the inspection findings and remedial measures
must be reported to the manufacturer and evaluated when
planning the next inspection or major inspection.
3.5-0023-0001
0499E
 Gas Turbine Measures after Underfrequency/Overfrequency
Inspection

Refer also to: range must be monitored and appropriate limitations

implemented.
List of Control Settings 3.1-2020
Checklist 3.5-0236 For this reason, operating time outside the speed range
Catalog of Remedial Measures 3.5-0238 stated above is recorded cumulatively.

Warning!
The GT is designed for extended operation at a speed
Risk of equipment damage: Inspection of GT
in the range of S.TURB.10 to S.TURB.68 (cf. 3.1-2020 for
blading shall only be performed by specialist
settings).
personnel.
Operation at other speeds in only permitted for brief
periods. If the cumulative time reaches 30 minutes, GT blading
must be inspected per Checklist (3.5-0236) and the
To prevent deleterious effects on the compressor and
associated Catalog of Remedial Measures (3.5-0238).
turbine blading, operation of the GT outside of this speed
content is not permitted without express written authority.

rights created by patent grant or registration of a utility model

The reproduction, transmission or use of this document or its

Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights, including

or design, are reserved. Class: RESTRICTED

Siemens AG 3.5-0210-0002
Power Generation MB 0107E
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 Gas Turbine Inspection
Repair Welding Repairs

General holes, slots, etc. in which residues might be trapped must

be covered temporarily, e.g. taped over with a suitable
The following are instructions for the performance of material.
welding repairs to gas turbine components. Because
It is not always necessary to preheat the repair area. All
welding repairs must often be performed under adverse
welding repairs must be documented in the inspection
conditions, they cannot be held to the same standards as
report.
component manufacture. However, the repair must ensure
that the component can safely remain in service until the
next scheduled inspection. The service reliability of the Recommendations for Welding Repairs
component is key. Before beginning any welding repair, on Individual Components
consult the manufacturer for the latest relevant information.
A problem report detailing any significant findings must be
Filler Metals
sent to Siemens AG. After reviewing the problem report,
appropriate instructions will be issued and a specialist The following list identifies recommended filler metals
dispatched to perform the repairs, if necessary. for the individual components as appropriate to the
A majority of repairs are performed with the GT and materials used. It also indicates personnel requirements for
combustion chambers closed. It is therefore essential that performance of the repair, which is important to ensure
all grinding, milling and welding residues are completely quality.
removed from the GT upon completion of the repair. Any
ausdrücklich zugestanden. Zuwiderhandlungen verpflichten zu
Schadensersatz. Alle Rechte für den Fall der Patenterteilung
Weitergabe sowie Vervielfältigung dieser Unterlage, Verwer-
tung und Mitteilung ihres Inhalts nicht gestattet, soweit nicht

DG Item Filler Metal Welder Repair

Qualification Procedure
Designation Material SMAW GMAW
Brand Name Brand Name
Intake duct
02071 - Blade cleaning X6CrNiTi1810 Thermanit HE Thermanit HESi *1
oder GM- Eintragung vorbehalten.

system, compressor
FOX SAS2 SAS2-IG
X6CrNiMo17122 Thermanit GE Thermanit *1
FOX SAS4 GE-316LSI
SAS4 IG
12146 Casing lining X6CrNiTi1810 Fox SAS 2 SAS 2-IG *1
Thermanit HE
10625 Axial swirler NiCr20Ti Thermanit NiCro82 NiCro82-SG *1
NiCr70Nb NiCr70Nb-IG
Thermanit NiCro182 UTP 068 HH
NiCr70/15
UTP 068 HH
10616 Diagonal swirler 15Mo3 / 16Mo3 Fox DMo Kb DMo - IG *1
17 Mn 4 Fox DMo Kb DMo - IG *1
- Tip NiCr20Ti Thermanit NiCro82 NiCro82-SG *1
(with hybrid design) Fox NiCr70Nb NiCr70Nb-IG
Thermanit NiCro182
Fox NiCr70/15
*1 See repair procedure for nickel-based filler metal
*2 See repair procedure for NiCr23Co12Mo
*3 See repair procedure for Thermanit 21/33
Klasse: RESTRIKTIV

Siemens AG 3.5-0239-9420/1
Power Generation 0107E
 Gas Turbine Inspection
Repair Welding Repairs

DG Item Filler Metal Welder Repair

Qualification Procedure
Designation Material SMAW GMAW
Brand Name Brand Name
10535 Flame cylinder end
plate
-Segment (hot gas X10NiCrAlTi3220 Thermanit 21/33 Thermanit 21/33SG *3
path)
-End plate (hot gas NiCr23Co12Mo Thermanit 617 Thermanit 617-SG
path)
UTP 6170Co UTP A-6170 Co *2
10530 Flame cylinder *1
Fox DMo-Kb DMO-IG
-Tile support ring 15Mo3 / 16Mo3 Thermanit NiCro82 Thermanit NiCro82
UTP068HH UTP068HH
ENCrFe-3 ERNiCr-3
-Secondary air NiCr20Ti Thermanit NiCro82 Thermanit NiCro82- *1
aperture SG
ausdrücklich zugestanden. Zuwiderhandlungen verpflichten zu
Schadensersatz. Alle Rechte für den Fall der Patenterteilung
Weitergabe sowie Vervielfältigung dieser Unterlage, Verwer-
tung und Mitteilung ihres Inhalts nicht gestattet, soweit nicht

-Dilution air Fox NiCr70Nb NiCr70Nb-IG

apertures,
closure plate and Thermanit NiCro182
frames Fox NiCr70/15
-Protective liner 15Mo3 / 16Mo3 Fox DMo Kb DMo - IG *1
-Overlap to mixing
casing
oder GM- Eintragung vorbehalten.

-Flow baffles on tile

support ring
10540 Mixing casing NiCr23Co12Mo Thermanit 617 Thermanit 617-SG *2
UTP 6170 CO UTP A-6170
02072 - Blade cleaning X6CrNiTi1810 Fox SAS 2 SAS 2 IG *1
system, turbine
X5CrNiMo17122 Thermanit He Thermanit He *1
10553 Manhole insert X8CrNiNb1613 Fox CN16/13 CN16/13 - IG *1
12210 Inner casing with NiCr23Co12Mo Thermanit 617 Thermanit 617-SG *2
seal ring UTP 6170 Co UTP A-6170
*1 See repair procedure for nickel-based filler metal
*2 See repair procedure for NiCr23Co12Mo
*3 See repair procedure for Thermanit 21/33

Tab. 1: Recommendations for Welding Repairs

Repair Procedure for Nickel-Based Filler Metals
These recommendations apply to connecting welds and
cladding with nickel-based filler metals on components of
the following materials:
Klasse: RESTRIKTIV
x stainless, high temperature, heat resisting steels / cast
steels and nickel-based alloys,
x dissimilar metal welds between high temperature ferritic
steels and high temperature austenitic steels, as well
as nickel-based alloys.

Siemens AG 3.5-0239-9420/2
Power Generation 0107E
 Gas Turbine
Repair
Weld Preparation Surface
Danger!
Health hazard: Dusts containing Ni, Cr, Co
and their compounds can cause cancer.
 An approved industrial vacuum must be
used to extract the dust when grinding the
materials listed above.
 Eating, drinking and smoking while working
is prohibited.
 Avoid contact with skin.
 Avoid stirring up dust (do not sweep).
 Wash hands thoroughly before eating or
smoking.
 Respirators ("P2" or "P3" particle-filtering
half-masks) must be worn if dust extraction
is not possible.
ausdrücklich zugestanden. Zuwiderhandlungen verpflichten zu
Schadensersatz. Alle Rechte für den Fall der Patenterteilung
Weitergabe sowie Vervielfältigung dieser Unterlage, Verwer-
tung und Mitteilung ihres Inhalts nicht gestattet, soweit nicht
Single V-groove welds must have a minimum groove
angle of 60°. Surface irregularities, such as oxidation or
drag lines, must be ground out (removing at least 0.2 mm
of material) from weld preparation surfaces made using
plasma arc or oxyfuel gas cutting. Sulfur-free, ceramic or
synthetic resin bonded grinding wheels or metal milling
cutters must be used.
oder GM- Eintragung vorbehalten.
Fire hazard!
Degreasing agents are flammable. Open
flame prohibited during degreasing.
Weld edge preparation surfaces must be degreased
with a sulfur-free degreasing agent (e.g. alcohol or
acetone) prior to welding.
Welding
Caution!
Risk of hot cracking: Keep the weld pool as
small as possible.
The following all contribute to a small weld pool: small
electrode diameter, low amperage, stringer bead welding
and high travel speed.
The interpass temperature is a function of the base
material (15Mo3) and wall thickness. If preheating (approx.
150 °C) is used, the interpass temperature must not
exceed the preheat temperature by more than 50 °C.
When welding without preheating (austenitic and nickel-
based materials), the interpass temperature must be kept
as low as possible due to the propensity of these materials
for hot cracking, but must not drop below 130 °C.
Klasse: RESTRIKTIV
Siemens AG
Power Generation
Inspection
Welding Repairs
Special Instructions for SMAW
The rod electrodes must be rebaked for two hours at
250 - 350 °C, and must be removed from the holding oven
and used at a temperature > 80 °C.
The rod electrode should be held at an angle of 90° to
the surface of the component whenever possible during
welding.
Only one arc strike should be made with each rod
electrode. When restriking an arc with a rod electrode,
ensure that the electrode coating has not peeled or flaked
off in the tip area, as insufficient shielding during ignition
results in weld defects.
Danger!
Health hazard: Dusts containing Ni, Cr, Co
and their compounds can cause cancer.
See protective measures above.
Craters must be ground out before striking a new
electrode. The arc is struck with the new electrode slightly
ahead of the original crater area, which is remelted and
welded over.
Welding uphill in the vertical position requires a certain
amount of weaving. The maximum permissible weave
width is 2 - 3 times the core wire diameter.
Danger!
Health hazard: Dusts containing Ni, Cr, Co
and their compounds can cause cancer.
See protective measures above.
When performing multipass welding, the weld metal
must be finish ground after each pass to remove slag
residues, surface oxides and any overlap at weld toes.
Furthermore, welding of the next pass on the prepared
surface is significantly easier. This is of particular
importance during fixed position welding.
In addition, the weld must be backed with shielding gas
(pure argon: 99.99%) when making single side or
circumferential welds. This prevents oxidation of the
underside of the weld and the base metal so that a clean
smooth root bead and proper penetration can be achieved.
Danger!
Health hazard: Dusts containing Ni, Cr, Co
and their compounds can cause cancer.
See protective measures above.
If the root side cannot be backed, the root must be
ground out or back gouged from the opposite side. If
backgouging is used, the oxide skin must be ground away.
A surface crack examination must subsequently be
performed.
3.5-0239-9420/3
0107E
 Gas Turbine
Repair
Special Instructions for GTAW
Pure argon (99.99%) must be used as the welding
and/or backing gas.
Caution!
Risk of hot cracking: Hot cracking may
occur during solidification if the base metal
alone is melted without the use of a filler
metal.
Ensure that a sufficient amount of filler metal is melted
off at all times.
The root passes must be backed with pure argon.
Repair Procedure for NiCr23Co12Mo
These recommendations apply to the welding of high
temperature, heat resistant NiCr23Co12Mo with rod
electrodes and GTAW welding rods with the same
composition as the base metal.
ausdrücklich zugestanden. Zuwiderhandlungen verpflichten zu
Schadensersatz. Alle Rechte für den Fall der Patenterteilung
Weitergabe sowie Vervielfältigung dieser Unterlage, Verwer-
tung und Mitteilung ihres Inhalts nicht gestattet, soweit nicht
Foreword
The tendency toward hot shortness generally exhibited
by austenitic steels and nickel alloys can be controlled
through the application of a few measures to limit heat
input.
x Small diameter electrodes and low amperages should
oder GM- Eintragung vorbehalten.
be used;
x the interpass temperature should be < 130 °C;
cleanliness during repair is of great importance;
x welding must be performed without preheating.
Weld Preparation Surface
Danger!
Health hazard: Dusts containing Ni, Cr, Co
and their compounds can cause cancer.
 An approved industrial vacuum must be
used to extract the dust when grinding the
materials listed above.
 Eating, drinking and smoking while working
is prohibited.
 Avoid contact with skin.
 Avoid stirring up dust (do not sweep).
 Wash hands thoroughly before eating or
smoking.
 Respirators ("P2" or "P3" particle-filtering
half-masks) must be worn if dust extraction
is not possible.
Single V-groove welds must have a minimum groove
Klasse: RESTRIKTIV
angle of 60° and weld edges must be cleaned to the bare
metal. The workpiece must also be degreased. Weld edges
Siemens AG
Power Generation
Inspection
Welding Repairs
prepped by plasma arc cutting must be ground down by 1
mm.
Sulfur-free, ceramic or synthetic resin bonded grinding
wheels or metal milling cutters must be used.
Fire hazard!
Degreasing agents are flammable. Open
flame prohibited during degreasing.
Weld edge preparation surfaces must be degreased
with a sulfur-free degreasing agent (e.g. alcohol, acetone
or similar substance) prior to welding.
Welding
Filler metals must have the same composition as the
base metal.
Special Instructions for SMAW
Danger!
Health hazard: Dusts containing Ni, Cr, Co
and their compounds can cause cancer.
See protective measures above.
Hold the electrode perpendicular to the workpiece
surface while weaving slightly - max. 2x electrode
diameter. Do not dwell too long at the weld edge while
weaving. When striking a new electrode, the crater of the
preceding bead must be remelted. Cracks must be ground
out of the crater. Slag must be completely removed.
Trapped slag must be ground out and never welded over.
The root must be backed with ceramic tape and ground
from the opposite side.
Caution!
Risk of hot cracking: Do not perform arc
gouging!
The rod electrodes must be rebaked for two hours at
300 °C r 25 °C, and must be removed from the holding
oven and used at a minimum temperature of 110 °C r
30 °C.
Special Instructions for GTAW
GTAW requires the root passes to be backed with pure
argon (99.99%).
General
Caution!
Risk of hot cracking: Hot cracking may
occur during solidification if the base metal
alone is melted without the use of a filler
metal.
3.5-0239-9420/4
0107E
 Gas Turbine
Repair
When welding, always ensure that a sufficient amount
of filler is deposited at all times. Use a wire brush to
remove oxide films.
See repair procedure for Thermanit 21/33
Weld Preparation Surface
Danger!
Health hazard: Dusts containing Ni, Cr, Co
and their compounds can cause cancer.
 An approved industrial vacuum must be
used to extract the dust when grinding the
materials listed above.
 Eating, drinking and smoking while working
is prohibited.
 Avoid contact with skin.
 Avoid stirring up dust (do not sweep).
ausdrücklich zugestanden. Zuwiderhandlungen verpflichten zu
Schadensersatz. Alle Rechte für den Fall der Patenterteilung
Weitergabe sowie Vervielfältigung dieser Unterlage, Verwer-
tung und Mitteilung ihres Inhalts nicht gestattet, soweit nicht
 Wash hands thoroughly before eating or
smoking.
 Respirators ("P2" or "P3" particle-filtering
half-masks) must be worn if dust extraction
is not possible.
Single V-groove welds must have a minimum groove
oder GM- Eintragung vorbehalten.
angle of 60° and weld edges ground clean.
Sulfur-free, ceramic or synthetic resin bonded grinding
wheels or metal milling cutters must be used.
Fire hazard!
Degreasing agents are flammable. Open
flame prohibited during degreasing.
Weld edge preparation surfaces must be degreased
with a sulfur-free degreasing agent (e.g. alcohol or
acetone) prior to welding.
Welding
Caution!
Risk of hot cracking: Risk of hot cracking:
Keep the weld pool as small as possible.
The following all contribute to a small weld pool: small
electrode diameter, low amperage, stringer bead welding
and high travel speed (at which a good bond must still be
achieved).
Interpass temperature must not exceed 130 °C.
Special Instructions for SMAW
The rod electrode must be held at an angle of 90° to
the component surface.
Klasse: RESTRIKTIV
Siemens AG
Power Generation
Inspection
Welding Repairs
Danger!
Health hazard: Dusts containing Ni, Cr, Co
and their compounds can cause cancer.
See protective measures above.
Practice has shown it to be beneficial if the weld metal
is finish ground after each pass when performing multipass
welding. This removes slag residues, surface oxides and
any overlap at weld toes. Furthermore, welding of the next
pass on the prepared surface is significantly easier. This is
of particular importance during fixed position welding.
Danger!
Health hazard: Dusts containing Ni, Cr, Co
and their compounds can cause cancer.
See protective measures above.
Craters must be ground out before striking a new
electrode or restriking an arc. The arc is struck with the
electrode slightly ahead of the crater area, which is
remelted and welded over.
In addition, the weld is backed with shielding gas (pure
argon: 99.99%) when making single side welds or
circumferential welds in pipe. This prevents oxidation of the
underside of the weld and the adjacent base metal so that
a clean smooth root bead and proper penetration are
achieved.
Danger!
Health hazard: Dusts containing Ni, Cr, Co
and their compounds can cause cancer.
See protective measures above.
If the underside of the weld cannot be backed, the root
must be ground out or back gouged from the opposite side.
This also applies to single side welds with ceramic backing.
If backgouging is used, the oxide skin must be ground
away. A surface crack examination must subsequently be
performed.
Welding uphill in the vertical position requires a certain
amount of weaving. The maximum permissible weave
width is 2 - 3 times the electrode diameter.
Only one arc strike should be made with each rod
electrode. When restriking an arc with a rod electrode,
ensure that the electrode coating has not peeled or flaked
off in the tip area, as insufficient shielding during ignition
can result in weld defects.
The rod electrodes must be rebaked for two hours at
300 - 350 °C, and must be removed from the holding oven
and used at a temperature > 80 °C.
Special Instructions for GTAW.
Pure argon (99.99%) must be used as the welding
and/or backing gas.
3.5-0239-9420/5
0107E
 Gas Turbine Inspection
Repair Welding Repairs

Item Penetration Number of Evaluations

Caution! Time
Risk of hot cracking: Hot cracking may in min 1. 2. 3. 4.
occur during solidification if the base metal after penetration time in min *)
Ferritic materials > 15 <5 => 15 - -
alone is melted without the use of a filler
Austenitic > 30 <5 > 30 => 60 -
metal. materials
Austenitic > 60 <5 > 30 => 60 -
When GTAW is used, always ensure that a sufficient cladding on ferritic
amount of filler is deposited at all times. material
Ni-based welds > 120 <5 >30 > 60 => 120
GTAW requires that the root passes be backed with
pure argon. *) The indicated waiting times prior to evaluation shall not be
exceeded by more than 15 minutes.

Surface Examination Tab. 2: penetration times for the penetrant and

The liquid penetrant method is recommended for developer
examination of the repair welds.
Penetration Times, Frequency of Evaluation
Materials
Precleaning
Penetrant x Mechanical Precleaning
ausdrücklich zugestanden. Zuwiderhandlungen verpflichten zu
Schadensersatz. Alle Rechte für den Fall der Patenterteilung
Weitergabe sowie Vervielfältigung dieser Unterlage, Verwer-
tung und Mitteilung ihres Inhalts nicht gestattet, soweit nicht

In general, color contrast penetrants (red-white) should Residues and impurities such as scale, slag, rust, etc.
be used. firmly adhering to the surface are removed
mechanically. Ensure that the process used does not
Penetrant Remover close existing surface defects.
Danger! x Chemical Precleaning
Health hazard: Comply with manufacturer's
oder GM- Eintragung vorbehalten.

instructions when using solvents.
Solvents, water or a combination of the two may be
used as a penetrant remover. Solvents should be free of
FCHC whenever possible.
Developer
Only those wet developers which are FCHC-free or
contain low-FCHC solvents as carriers may be used.
Examination Procedure
Examination Temperature
A liquid penetrant examination may only be performed
within the approved temperature range for the examination
system. Examination of surfaces with temperatures below
+5 °C requires the approval of the examination supervisor.
Penetration Time
Required penetration times for the penetrant and
developer are indicated in the table below. The table also
includes the waiting period before and frequency of
evaluation, as well as the required interval between
evaluations.
Klasse: RESTRIKTIV
Danger!
Health hazard: Comply with manufacturer's
instructions when using solvents.
Oil, grease residues, etc. are removed using a suitable
solvent. In some cases, acid cleaning can be used
instead of chemical precleaning. Rinse and
neutralization specifications must be observed following
acid cleaning.
Drying After Precleaning
The test surface must be dried after chemical
precleaning. The use of compressed air for drying is
prohibited.
Penetrant Application
Danger!
Risk of chemical burns: do not use
penetrant containing azo compounds. Wear
respirator.
Any method (e.g. spraying, brushing) may be used to
apply a sufficient amount of penetrant to the examination
surface.
Ensure that the examination surface is fully wetted. The
penetrant must remain wet at all surface locations during

the entire penetration time.

Siemens AG 3.5-0239-9420/6
Power Generation 0107E
 Gas Turbine Inspection
Repair Welding Repairs

Removal of Excess Penetrant Evaluation of the Repair Weld

Danger!
Health hazard: Comply with manufacturer's
instructions when using solvents.
The penetrant remover must be appropriate to the
examination system used. To prevent the removal of
penetrant from any discontinuities when using solvent to
remove excess penetrant, first wipe with a clean, lint-free
cloth and then use a small amount of solvent to remove all
remaining traces of excess penetrant.
Water-washable penetrants may be rinsed or sprayed
off with water. Use a gentle spray only.
The use of agents to reduce water surface tension is
prohibited. Warm water may be used; however, its
temperature shall not exceed 40 °C.
Any residues of water washable penetrant may
generally also be removed with a solvent.
ausdrücklich zugestanden. Zuwiderhandlungen verpflichten zu
Schadensersatz. Alle Rechte für den Fall der Patenterteilung
Weitergabe sowie Vervielfältigung dieser Unterlage, Verwer-
tung und Mitteilung ihres Inhalts nicht gestattet, soweit nicht
Danger!
Health hazard: Dusts containing Ni, Cr, Co
and their compounds can cause cancer.
 An approved industrial vacuum must be
used to extract the dust when grinding the
materials listed above.
 Eating, drinking and smoking while working
is prohibited.
 Avoid contact with skin.
 Avoid stirring up dust (do not sweep).
 Wash hands thoroughly before eating or
smoking.
 Respirators ("P2" or "P3" particle-filtering
half-masks) must be worn if dust extraction
is not possible.

No penetrant should be left on the examination surface
following this step.
Drying After Removal of Excess Penetrant
The examination surface must be dried as quickly as
possible after excess penetrant has been removed. Any of
the following methods may be used:
oder GM- Eintragung vorbehalten.
The liquid penetrant examination must demonstrate
that the repair weld is free of surface cracks following
grinding. If additional indications are found, the cracks must
be ground out and rewelded. Another subsequent surface
examination of the reweld for cracks is required
Mechanische Vorreinigung

x with a dry, clean lint-free cloth

x normal evaporation at ambient temperature
x with forced air flow
x with heated air (max. 40 °C)
x a combination of the methods a) through d).
Compressed air shall not be used for drying.

Development
Developer should be applied immediately after
completion of the above step. The developer must be
sprayed in a manner that assures complete coverage of
the substrate with a thin, even film.
Care must be taken before and during the application of
the developer to ensure that the developer fluid is
thoroughly mixed.

Waiting Period Before Examination

Evaluation is performed following the waiting periods in
the table.

Re-examination
If definitive evaluation of certain indications is not
possible, the examination can be repeated, in whole or in
part, beginning with precleaning.
Klasse: RESTRIKTIV

Siemens AG 3.5-0239-9420/7
Power Generation 0107E
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 Gas Turbine Replacement of Defective Combustion
Inspection Chamber Tiles

Introduction
The procedures described in this document are
recommended for replacing combustion chamber tiles.
Should it become apparent during removal and refitting that
tile holders or the flame cylinder are defective and no
Siemens field personnel are present during the inspection
or major inspection, contact the Siemens hot-line (cf. 3.0-
0050) to request direct assistance in the form of personnel,
expert consultancy or further information.
Major repairs to the flame cylinder tile lining shall only
be performed by Siemens specialist personnel, because
only these trained employees have the depth of detailed
expertise required to accurately analyze such damage.
Tools required for fitting these tiles (Design Group
01443) are available from Siemens for rental or purchase.

Removal of Flame Cylinder Tiles

‰ In those columns of tiles where inspection findings 1 Tile separator
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document

including rights created by patent grant or registration of

or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,

indicate that standard tiles must be replaced, remove

butterfly-type heat shields, bolted tile holders (heavy oil Fig. 1: Inserting the Tile Separator during Tile
tile holders) and heavy oil tiles. Removal

‰ Carefully insert the tile separator tool into the horizontal

a utility model or design, are reserved

gap between the tile to be removed and the tile below it

and gently increase this gap (see Fig. 1).
‰ Use the tile separator tool to create a sufficiently large
gap between these tiles.
‰ Engage the extraction jaw of the removal device with
the lower edge of the tile, actuate the foot-operated
"retract cylinder" switch to press the tile out of the pair
of tile holders (see Fig. 2). Press tile upward until it can
be removed, then set aside.
‰ If additional tiles in that column must also be removed,
increase the clearance between the tile holders—
measured along a chord—of the tile previously
removed; this is achieved by carefully tapping with a
plastic face hammer and facilitates removal and
reinsertion of the tiles.
‰ Dispose of the defective tile to ensure that it is not
inadvertently reinstalled.

1 Pair of tile holders

2 Removal device
3 Jaw of tile extraction device
Fig. 2: Install Tile Insertion and Removal Device
(removal mechanism shown engaged with tile)
Class: RESTRICTED

Siemens AG 3.5-6000-9420/1
Power Generation 1003E
 Gas Turbine
Inspection
Reinstallation of Tiles in the Flame
Cylinder
‰ Thoroughly clean flame cylinders with a vacuum
cleaner prior to reinstallation. Use a wire brush to
remove loose particles from tiles prior to installation.
Deburr edges of tiles with an abrasive block.
‰ Check all tiles for broken edges and cracks.
‰ Prior to reinstallation, each tile must pass a "sound
check". This involves tapping the tile with a plastic face
hammer or a wooden hammer handle.
‰ Any tiles that produce a dull sound must be scrapped.
‰ Brush graphite slurry (mixing ratio: three parts water to
one part graphite powder) onto the back side of all tiles
that passed the "sound check", covering a 20 - 30 mm
wide strip along the straight (vertical) edges.
‰ Also apply graphite slurry to the rounded recesses on
the sides of tiles into which the tile holders fit.
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document
including rights created by patent grant or registration of
or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,
a utility model or design, are reserved Class: RESTRICTED
Siemens AG
Power Generation
Replacement of Defective Combustion
Chamber Tiles
Preparation of Tile Holders prior to Installation
‰ Measure chord, dimension A indicated in Fig. 8, of the
tile to be installed.
‰ Use the bending tool to uniformly spread the opposing
"spoons" of the pair of tile holders that will hold the tile
in place until the required chord dimension stipulated in
Fig. 3 is set.
Two different variants of "spoon-type" tile holders
are used for fitting standard tiles; the wall
thickness of the flame cylinder shell determines
which tile holder design is used. The two variants
differ in the width of their attachment strips and
the distance which they extend outward from the
flame cylinder centerline (cf. Fig. 3). It must be
borne in mind that the required pretensioning
and clamping forces are not the same for these
two variants.
It may be necessary to convert the stipulated
pressure forces (as a function of the size of the
pump ram) to ensure that they can be reliably
read off the gauge of the insertion device.
3.5-6000-9420/2
1003E
 Gas Turbine Replacement of Defective Combustion
Inspection Chamber Tiles
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document

including rights created by patent grant or registration of

or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,

a utility model or design, are reserved

Spoon-type tile holder Spoon-type tile holder

Variant 1 Variant 2

Spoon-type tile holder, variant 1 Spoon-type tile holder, variant 2

Clearance dimension along Tile chord dimension A – 0.8 to 1.2 mm Tile chord dimension A –1.4 to 2 mm
chord
Pressure force, min. F1 = 0.6 kN F1 = 0.4 kN
Pressure force, max. F2 = 1.2 kN F2 = 1.2 kN
Fig. 3: Spoon-type Tile Holder Variants
Class: RESTRICTED

Siemens AG 3.5-6000-9420/3
Power Generation 1003E
 Gas Turbine Replacement of Defective Combustion
Inspection Chamber Tiles

‰ Check chord clearance dimension of tile holders after tolerance range.

spreading by measuring clearance over the entire
length of the tile holder with a vernier caliper (cf. Fig. 4).
‰ Use a machinist's square placed on the tile support ring
or a previously-inserted tile to check whether the tile
holder is perpendicular to this surface; realign tile
holder if necessary.

The setting of the vernier caliper must be

checked at regular intervals and reset as
necessary.

‰ Select a tile which passed the "sound check" and to

which graphite slurry has been applied and insert from
above with the chamfered edge facing the flame
cylinder end plate and slide downward to its final
position in the column.
‰ Place the jaws of a pair of tile insertion pliers near the
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document

including rights created by patent grant or registration of

or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,

upper end of a tile holder and gently press the "spoons"

together; then slide tile downward until the tile spreads
the tile holders (cf. Fig. 5).
‰ Engage insertion device with upper end of tile (cf.
Fig. 6). 1 Pair of tile holders
a utility model or design, are reserved

2 Vernier caliper
‰ To check the set chord dimension where Variant 1 tile
holders are used, an insertion force of F1 = 0.60 kN Fig. 4: Checking Pretension of a Tile Holder with a
must be set on the insertion device. Vernier Caliper

In the case of Variant 2 tile holders, the insertion

force must be reduced to 0.4 kN.
Actuate device to press tile into position. During
this operation, the tile must slowly shift
downward and gradually come to a stop. If force
F1 is sufficient to press the tile into its final
position, the tile must be removed and the
pretension of the pair of tile holders checked
anew.

‰ Apply force F2 = 1.20 kN after tile can no longer be

pressed downward with a force of 0.60 kN.
Interrupt travel just before tile reaches its final position
and use a brush or industrial vacuum cleaner to remove
any tile particles or dust from below this tile.
Then press tile into its final position.

If the minimum force limit is not reached after

pretensioning the tile holders, the spread
Class: RESTRICTED

dimension must be increased (i.e. the chord

clearance dimension decreased) until the force
exerted by the tile holders is in the stipulated

Siemens AG 3.5-6000-9420/4
Power Generation 1003E
 Gas Turbine Replacement of Defective Combustion
Inspection Chamber Tiles

Fig. 6: Insertion Device

‰ After installation, check tiles for correct seating as

described in "Checking Installation of Tiles".
‰ After completion of all the above steps, thoroughly
clean the interior of the flame cylinder.

Checking Installation of Tiles

The accuracy of installation must be checked as
follows:

‰ When a tile is correctly installed, it must be in contact

with the tile holder at "b" and with the flame cylinder
shell at "a" (refer also to Fig. 8).
‰ Offset of vertical gaps from one row to the next is not
permissible.

1 Gently press tile into position manually

The reproduction, transmission or use of this document

including rights created by patent grant or registration of

or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,

2 Flame cylinder
Fig. 5: Insert Tile Manually
a utility model or design, are reserved

1 Tile
Fig. 7: Impermissible Gap Offset SP

‰ Gap S1 measured between the middle of the back of

the tile and the inner surface of the flame cylinder shell
must be greater than 0.1 mm and gap S2 between the
lateral edge of the tile and the straight, radially-oriented
portion of the tile holder should be 1 to 3 mm (cf.
Fig. 8).
‰ The circumferential gap between neighboring tiles in a
row must be uniform and lie within the range from 1.0 to
4.0 mm. Circumferential gaps between the tiles in
upper rows shall not be offset relative to the
circumferential gaps set in the lower tile rows (cf. Fig. 8,
dimension 1.0 -4.0 mm).
‰ Any tiles that exhibit broken edges after completion of
installation must be replaced.
‰ Following installation and inspection of each tile row,
clean the tiles in that row with an industrial vacuum
cleaner.

1 Flame cylinder
2 Insertion jaw
3 Insertion device
Class: RESTRICTED

Siemens AG 3.5-6000-9420/5
Power Generation 1003E
 Gas Turbine Replacement of Defective Combustion
Inspection Chamber Tiles

1 Flame cylinder shell

2 Tile
A Chord dimension
D in this region there is a
gap between the tile and
tile holder

Fig. 8: Installation of Combustion Chamber Tiles in Rows L-B

Replacement of Individual Combustion

Chamber Tiles in Row A
Secured with Directly-bolted Tile Holders
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document

including rights created by patent grant or registration of

or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,

Replacement of a single combustion chamber tile is

described in the following. Removal of the butterfly-type
heat shields located above tile row A is recommended for
a utility model or design, are reserved

checking pretension and play during subsequent

installation. As this is not always possible, installation is
depicted both with and without removal of the butterfly-
type heat shield. This section covers:
 Removing the tile holders and installing the temporary 1 Tile holder
tile holders. 2 Temporary tile holders
3 Cut here
 Installation of a new combustion chamber tile with
butterfly-type heat shield removed. Fig. 9: Tile Holder - Temporary Tile Holder
 Installation of a new combustion chamber tile without
removal of butterfly-type heat shield. Removing Old Tile Holders and Installing
Temporary Tile Holders
Temporary Tile Holders
Each tile is pressed against the flame cylinder shell by
Only temporary tile holders that have been modified as four tile holders as shown in Fig. 10.
shown in the following sketch (Fig. 9) shall be used. Make
the required number of temporary tile holders by cutting tile
holders (used items, if possible) as shown in Fig. 9.
Removal of combustion chamber tiles with/without
removal of the butterfly-type heat shields requires two/four
temporary tile holders.
Class: RESTRICTED

a Combustion chamber tile

b Tile holder
Fig. 10: Combustion Chamber Tile - Tile Holders

Siemens AG 3.5-6000-9420/6
Power Generation 1003E
 Gas Turbine Replacement of Defective Combustion
Inspection Chamber Tiles

Tile holders 1 and 3 must be replaced by temporary tile

holders to permit release of tile A for replacement without
changing the position of and clamping force exerted on the
adjacent tiles.
First remove tile holder 1 and replace with a temporary
tile holder. Attach temporary tile holders such that the
combustion chamber tile that is to be removed is no longer
held and its neighbor remains held in place. Use the
washers of the respective tile holder for shimming.
To ensure secure fixing, apply a torque of 20 Nm to the
temporary tile holder attachment bolt. Next replace the tile
holder in position 3 with a temporary tile holder (cf. Fig. 11).

1 Combustion chamber tile

2 Temporary tile holder
Fig. 12: Combustion Chamber Tile - Temporary Tile
Holder (Section View)

When the upper tile holders have been replaced by

temporary tile holders, the lower tile holders 2 and 4 can be
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document

including rights created by patent grant or registration of

or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,

removed. The combustion chamber tile is no longer held in

place and can now be removed.

a Temporary tile holders Installation of New Combustion Chamber

a utility model or design, are reserved

Fig. 11: Combustion Chamber Tile - Temporary Tile
Holders
When mounting the temporary tile holder, ensure
that the flank of the temporary tile holder rests
firmly against the adjacent tile at location C and
that no gap is present (cf. Fig. 12). If necessary,
the old tile holder can be made into a temporary
tile holder.
Class: RESTRICTED
Tile with Butterfly-Type Heat Shield
Removed
Prior to installation, new combustion chamber tiles must
be cleaned with a wire brush to remove any loose particles.
Remove any burrs on the tile flanks with an abrasive block.
Before installing any tile, either new or used, perform a
"sound check". To do this, tap the tile with a plastic face
hammer or a wooden hammer handle. Any tiles which
produce a dull sound must be scrapped because they
contain cracks or other flaws.
If the new tile passes the "sound check", place it
against the flame cylinder shell such that the distances
between adjacent tiles and bores between them is uniform.
Place tile holders 2 and 4 against the tiles they are to hold
and measure dimension A with a measuring wedge or
feeler gauge.

Siemens AG 3.5-6000-9420/7
Power Generation 1003E
 Gas Turbine Replacement of Defective Combustion
Inspection Chamber Tiles

A gap of 2 mm must still be present between tile and

When tensioned, a gap of at least 0.5 mm must
tile holder at location "d" to accommodate flexing of the tile
be present at location d. After tensioning all
holder. Check tile holders for correct position. The "L" mark
fasteners, use a 0.1 mm feeler gauge to check
on the tile holder must be on the left-hand side. The newly
that the tile holder flanks are in full contact at
inserted combustion chamber tile must be in contact with
location C.
the flame cylinder shell.

Fig. 13: Tile Holder, View of Flanks

Fig. 14: Tensioned Tile Holder
The height of the stack of washers A minus 0.5 - 1 mm
is achieved by combining 3.2 and 1.5 mm thick washers.
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document

including rights created by patent grant or registration of

or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,

Provided its dimensions are still correct, the previously-
used stack of spacer washers may be reused.
With the butterfly-type heat shield removed, tile holders
2 and 4, including the respective stacks of washers,
a utility model or design, are reserved
Installation of New Combustion Chamber Tile
without Removal of Butterfly-type Heat Shield
This procedure is only necessary when combustion
chamber tiles are replaced without removing the butterfly-

machine screws and Nordlock permanently-tight lock type heat shields above tile row A. First replace tile holders
washers can be installed and the prescribed pretension 1 and 3 with temporary tile holders. After the upper tile
applied. If the machine screws for attaching these tile holders have been removed as described previously (see
holders are worn or damaged, replace with new fasteners subsection "Removing Old Tile Holders and Installing
to which lubricant per Tab. 1 has been applied. Temporary Tile Holders") and these tiles fixed in place with
temporary tile holders, tile holders 2 and 4 can be
Package removed. Replace combustion chamber tile and determine
Designation Product name the prescribed height of the stack of washers for tile
size
High- 0.5 kg Molykote P37 (Dow Corning) holders 2 and 4 (see subsection "Installation of New
temperature Combustion Chamber Tile with Butterfly-type Heat Shield
1.0 kg Nomynol-blue 1 (Reiner) Removed" and Fig. 15).
paste (C-1200)
Tab. 1: Assembly Lubricants

Then replace temporary tile holders 1 and 3 with tile

holders using the same procedure. Now apply the
maximum torque of 145 Nm (lubricated threads) to each of
these machine screws, working in a crosswise sequence.

Nordlock permanently-tight lock washers used

for securing these fasteners shall never be
reused; new Nordlock washers must be used
whenever tiles are installed. If fasteners must be
detensioned during installation for any reason
whatsoever, the bolt in question must be fitted
with new Nordlock washers per bill of materials.
Class: RESTRICTED

Siemens AG 3.5-6000-9420/8
Power Generation 1003E
 Gas Turbine
Inspection
a Temporary tile holders
Fig. 15: Combustion Chamber Tile with Temporary Tile
Holders 1 and 3
After determining the required height for the stack of
washers, mark tile holders 2 and 4, replace by temporary
tile holders and apply pretension. This procedure is
necessary because the height of the stack of washers and
pretension cannot be measured (from above) with the
butterfly-type heat shield in position. Remove temporary tile
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document
including rights created by patent grant or registration of
or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,
holders 1 and 3 and replace with tile holders (Fig. 16).
a utility model or design, are reserved
a Tile holder
Fig. 16: Combustion Chamber Tile with Tile Holders 1
and 3
As described in subsection "Installation of New
Combustion Chamber Tile with Butterfly-type Heat Shield
Removed", the stack of washers used with tile holders 1
and 3 must be determined. Fit tile holder, together with the
Class: RESTRICTED
Siemens AG
Power Generation
Replacement of Defective Combustion
Chamber Tiles
stack of washers, machine screws and new Nordlock
washers, and apply pretension. Check tile holders for
correct position. The "L" mark on the tile holder must be on
the left-hand side.
Replace temporary tile holders 2 and 4 with the marked
tile holders, including stacks of washers, machine screws
and Nordlock washers, and apply pretension. Now apply
the maximum torque of 145 Nm (lubricated threads) to all
four of these machine screws, working in a crosswise
sequence.
Removal of Two or More Combustion
Chamber Tiles
This example illustrates replacement of two combustion
chamber tiles. The associated work steps are listed and
reference made to the fundamentals of replacing individual
tiles in row A described above. To permit checking play on
subsequent installation, it is recommended that the
respective butterfly-type heat shield located above tile row
A is removed whenever several tiles are replaced.
This section covers:
 Removing the tile holders and installing the temporary
tile holders
 Installing and fixing the new combustion chamber tiles
in position
Temporary Tile Holders
Only temporary tile holders that have been modified as
shown in Fig. 9 shall be used. Removal of combustion
chamber tiles when the butterfly-type heat shield has been
removed requires two temporary tile holders.
Removing the Tile Holders and Installing the
Temporary Tile Holders
The following passage illustrates replacement using
tiles B and C as an example (see Fig. 17).
3.5-6000-9420/9
1003E
 Gas Turbine Replacement of Defective Combustion
Inspection Chamber Tiles

Fig. 17: Replacement of Tiles B and C

Correct removal of tiles B and C is only possible if tile
holders 1 and 5 are placed by temporary tile holders.
These temporary tile holders ensure that the pretension
and locating of adjacent tiles A and D are correct. To
ensure identical pretension, the stack of washers used with
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document
the tile holders is also used with the temporary tile holders
and a torque of 20 Nm applied. After pretension has been
applied to the temporary tile holders, tile holders 2 and 6
can be removed (see Fig. 18).

including rights created by patent grant or registration of

or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,

a utility model or design, are reserved

Fig. 18: Removing Tile Holders 2 and 6

When tile holders 3 and 4 are detensioned these
combustion chamber tiles can be removed.
Installing and Fixing New Combustion Chamber
Tiles in Position
Place the new combustion chamber tiles B and C in
position and center between the bores (see Fig. 19).
To ensure identical pretension, the dimensions Z1 and
Z2 to the tile holder attachment bores must be uniformly
distributed for all combustion chamber tiles. A universal
spacer bushing with the smallest possible diameter of
36.5 mm can be used (see Fig. 20) to preset these
distances.

Fig. 19: Fixing New Tiles in Position

Class: RESTRICTED

Siemens AG 3.5-6000-9420/10
Power Generation 1003E
 Gas Turbine Replacement of Defective Combustion
Inspection Chamber Tiles

Fig. 20: Inserting Spacer Bushings

The reproduction, transmission or use of this document

including rights created by patent grant or registration of

or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,

Fig. 21: Replacing Temporary Tile Holders

Next these combustion chamber tiles are fixed in place distances Z1 and Z2, and realign as necessary. It is also
with tile holders (see Fig. 21). When the tile holder is permissible to insert spacer bushings between tiles to
a utility model or design, are reserved

aligned, it is fixed in position with washers, the Nordlock
washer pair and machine screw, see subsection
"Installation of New Combustion Chamber Tile with
Butterfly-type Heat Shield Removed". Tile holders 2, 4 and
6 are gradually tensioned to a pretension of 20 Nm to
ensure correct pretension and locating of tiles A and D.
Temporary tile holders 1 and 5 can now be replaced by
tile holders. Check tile-to-tile distance Z as well as the
perform these checks (see Fig. 22).
When the tile holder is correctly fixed in position, it is
secured as described above with a stack of washers,
Nordlock permanently-tight lock washers and a machine
screw. Tile holders 1, 3 and 5 are now tensioned by
gradually applying a torque of 20 Nm (see Fig. 23).

Fig. 22: Replacing Temporary Tile Holders with Spacers

Class: RESTRICTED

Siemens AG 3.5-6000-9420/11
Power Generation 1003E
 Gas Turbine Replacement of Defective Combustion
Inspection Chamber Tiles

Fig. 23: Replacing Spacers with Tile Holders

Tension screws by applying the full torque of 145 Nm,
working in a crosswise sequence. Using a feeler gauge,
recheck reinstalled tile holders to confirm that all of these
tile holders have a gap of at least 0.5 mm at location d and
are in full contact at location c (see Fig. 15).
the two tiles is equal. When one tile holder is detached, two
Replacement of Individual Combustion tiles are then only held in place by one tile holder each.
Tiles must therefore be marked to permit checking that the
Chamber Tiles in Row A where Special-
tiles remain fixed in position. A ruler is used to mark each
design Tile Holders Are Attached with
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document

including rights created by patent grant or registration of

or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,

Mounting Brackets (Version for Heavy
Fuel Oil and Distillate Fuel)
 This section describes replacement of combustion
a utility model or design, are reserved
of the adjacent tiles and a fixed point (e.g. tile in the next
row below). If either of these adjacent tiles shifts when the
tile holder is removed, this is indicated by offset of these
marks. When visible lateral offset occurs, uniform
distribution is no longer achieved and the tiles in question

chamber tiles that are held by separate tile holder

mounting brackets. The cooling air opening of the tile
holder is the essential difference between the designs
used for heavy fuel oil and distillate fuel. For this reason
replacement can be described in a single section (see
Fig. 26 and 27). This section covers:
 Removal of tile holders
 Installation of the new combustion chamber tile.
must be realigned.
Removal of the Old Tile Holders
Each tile is pressed against the flame cylinder shell by
two bolted connections as shown in Fig. 24. Adjacent tiles
B and C must be marked before tile holders at positions 1
and 2 are detensioned and removed.

Marking
Uniform distribution of force by a tile holder is only
ensured when the surface of that tile holder in contact with
Class: RESTRICTED

Siemens AG 3.5-6000-9420/12
Power Generation 1003E
 Gas Turbine Replacement of Defective Combustion
Inspection Chamber Tiles

1 Combustion chamber tile

2 Tile holder
3 Marking
Fig. 24: Marking of Combustion Chamber Tiles
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document

including rights created by patent grant or registration of

or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,

between adjacent tiles and attachment bores between

Do not loosen screws and remove tile holders
them is uniform. To simplify this, spacer bushings
until after marking adjacent tiles.
(36.5 mm dia.) can be inserted as described in section
"Installation of New Combustion Chamber Tile without
a utility model or design, are reserved

Removal of Butterfly-type Heat Shield".

 If these markings indicate no lateral shift relative to the
row below, the tiles have remained fixed in their original
position. The combustion chamber tile is no longer held
in place and can be removed.
 If the mark on tile B and/or C is no longer aligned with
the row below, the affected tile(s) is(are) no longer in
the original position and uniform force cannot be
applied by the tile holder. If this occurs, apply new
marking to the next tile row to the left and/or right and
repeat installation until misalignment of markings is
eliminated.
Installation of the New Combustion
Chamber Tile
Prior to installation, the new combustion chamber tile
must be cleaned with a wire brush to remove any loose
particles. Remove any burrs on the tile flanks with an
abrasive block.
Before installing any tile, new or used, perform a
"sound check" as described on page 2. To do this, tap the
tile with a plastic face hammer or a wooden hammer
handle. Any tiles which produce a dull sound must be
Class: RESTRICTED
Thread tile holder onto clamp. With threads lubricated
and Nordlock washers in place, tighten screws with a
wrench until the tile is against the flame cylinder and the
tile holder flanks are in contact with the tile. Use a feeler
gauge to check that there is a gap of at least 2.5 mm
between the flame cylinder and clamp. This check may
require removal of one tile holder that attaches tiles in the
next row above or below (Caution: marking required!).
Nordlock permanently-tight lock washers used
for securing these fasteners shall never be
reused; new Nordlock washers must be used
whenever tiles are installed. If fasteners must be
detensioned during installation for any reason
whatsoever, the bolt in question must be fitted
with new Nordlock washers per bill of materials.
On reinstallation ensure that the cooling air bores
of the tile holder mounting bracket and flame
cylinder coincide. If the free cross section is
obstructed, optimum cooling of the tile holder
cannot be achieved.

scrapped because they contain cracks or other flaws.

If the new tile passes the "sound check", place it
against the flame cylinder shell such that the distances

Siemens AG 3.5-6000-9420/13
Power Generation 1003E
 Gas Turbine Replacement of Defective Combustion
Inspection Chamber Tiles

After tensioning, the gap between the edges of the tile

holder must be at least 5 mm. Air emerging here is
required for film cooling of the tiles.
Fig. 26: Tile Holder Design for Heavy Fuel Oil

Fig. 25: Distance between Flame Cylinder and Tile

Holder

First apply one-half of and then the full pretensioning

torque of 145 Nm, in each case working in a crosswise
sequence. When doing so, the tile holders must be secured
with pins to prevent rotation and thus ensure that the
Fig. 27: Tile Holder Design for Distillate Fuel Oil and
cooling air bores in the tile holder coincide with those in the
Gas
flame cylinder. If tiles are replaced at the plant site (flame
cylinder inserted in the combustion chamber), rotation of The gap between the edges of the tile holder shall be no
the tile holders is prevented by hardwood dowels that ignite
The reproduction, transmission or use of this document

including rights created by patent grant or registration of

or its content is not permitted without express written
authority. Offenders will be liable for damages. All rights,

greater than 1.5 mm, otherwise too much cooling air

and burn away the next time the machine is started up. escape. In the tensioned condition, this gap may be 0 mm.
a utility model or design, are reserved Class: RESTRICTED

Siemens AG 3.5-6000-9420/14
Power Generation 1003E