POWER AND INDUSTRIAL PLANT barometer.

If the fluid column height

ENGINEERING-ALCORCON is 1m, what is the atmospheric
THERMODYNAMICS pressure? Answer: D
1. What is the pressure 8,000 ft. (2000m) A. 150.6 kpa
below the surface of the ocean? B. 115.5 kpa
Neglect the compressibility factor, SI C. 144.4 kpa
units. Answer: B D. 117.7 kpa
A. 21.4
B. 20.1 10. What is the atmospheric pressure on a
C. 21.0 planet if the pressure is 100 kpa and
D. 22.3 the gage pressure is 10 kpa? Answer:
D
2. What temperature at which water freezes A. 10 kpa
using the Kelvin scale? Answer: B B. 100 kpa
A. 373 C. 80 kpa
B. 273 D. 90 kpa
C. 278
D. 406 11. A column of water 200 cm high will give
a pressure equivalent to: Answer: D
3. The SI units of temperature is: Answer: B A. 9810 dyne/cm2
A. oF B. 0.1 atm
B. oK C. 0.10 bar
C. BTU D. 19,620 N/m2
D. oR
12. What is the equivalent oR of 400ok?
4. The pressure reading of 35 psi in kpa is: Answer: A
Answer: A A. 720.60oR
A. 342.72 B. 851.15oR
B. 724.00 C. 670.27oR
C. 273.40 D. 344.25oR
D. 427.30
13. If the temperature inside the furnaces
5. 1 torr is equivalent to pressure Answer: D is 700oK, what is the corresponding
A. 1 atm reading in oF? Answer: D
B. 2mm Hg A. 700.60
C. 14.7 B. 750.60
D. 1/760 atm C. 860.60
D. 800.60
6. What is the standard temperature in the
14. If the oF scale is twice the oC scale, what
US? Answer: A
will be the corresponding reading in each
A. Fahrenheit
scale?
B. Rankine
Answer: B
C. Celsius
A. 22oC and 44oF
D. Kelvin
B. 160oC and
320oF
7. Given steam pressure of 900 lb/ft2,
C. 40oC and 80oF
temperature of 300oF, specific volume D. 100oC and
of 5.8 ft3/lb. If the specific enthalpy is 200oF
9500 ft-lb/lb, what is the internal
energy per lb of the system? Answer: 15. Water enters the condenser at 25oC and
D leaves at 40oC. What temperature
A. 4400 difference in oF?
B. 3900 Answer: C
C. 3600 A. 25
D. 4280 B. 26
C. 27
8. The barometer reads 29.0 inches (737 D. 28
mm) of mercury. What is the absolute
pressure if a vaccum gage reads 9.5 psi 16. Water enters the heater with 28oC and
(66 kpa) in SI? Answer: A leaves at 75oC. What is the temperature
A. 32.02 kpa
change in oF?
B. 33.04 kpa
Answer: C
C. 31.36 kpa
A. 74.80
D. 31.86 kpa
B. 38.29
C. 84.80
9. A fluid with a vapor pressure of 0.2 Pa
D. 57.36
and a specific gravity of 12 is used in a
 required to produce one cubic yard?
17. The specific gravity of mercury Answer: D
relative to water is 13.55. What is the A. 765
specific weight of mercury? The B. 657
specific weight of water is 62.4 lb per C. 675
cubic foot. Answer: B D. 567
A. 102.3 KN/m3
B. 132.9 KN/m3 24. A cylindrical tank 2 m diameter, 3 m
C. 150 KN/m3 high is full of oil. If specific gravity of
D. 82.2 KN/m3 oil is 0.9, what is the mass of oil in the
18. An iron block weighs 5 N and has a . tank? Answer: A
volume of 200 cm3 What is the density A. 8482 kg
of the block? Answer: C B. 4500 kg
A. 988 kg/m3 C. 1800 kg
B. 1255 kg/m3 D. 7000 kg
C. 2550 kg/m3
D. 800 kg/m3 25. 100 g of water are mixed with 150 g of
alcohol (w = 790 kg/m3). What is the
19. The suction pressure of a pump reads specific volume of the resulting
540 mmHg vaccum. What is the mixtures, assuming the fluids mixed
absolute pressure in kpa? completely? Answer: D
Answer: D A. 0.82 cm3/kg
A. 40 B. 0.88 cm3/kg
B. 3.3 C. 0.63 cm3/kg
C. 60 D. 1.20 cm3/kg
D. 29.3 26. 100 g of water are mixed with 150 g of
alcohol (w = 790 kg/m3). What is the
20. A boiler installed where the specific gravity of the resulting
atmospheric pressure is 755 mmHg. mixtures, assuming the fluids mixed
Has a pressure 12 Kg/cm2 . What is the completely? Answer: D
absolute pressure in Mpa? Answer: B A. 0.96
A. 1.350 B. 0.63
B. 1.277 C. 0.82
C. 1.200 D. 0.86
D. 1,700
27. A spherical tank is full of water that
21. A storage tank contains oil with has a total mass of 10,000 kg. If the
specific gravity of 0.88 and depth of outside diameter of the tank is 2722
20 m. What is the hydrostatic pressure mm, how thick is the wall of the tank?
at the bottom of th tank in kg/cm2? Answer: B
Answer: A A. 50 mm
A. 1.76 B. 25 mm
B. 2.0 C. 30 mm
C. 6.0 D. 35 mm
D. 3.0
28. A cylindrical tank is filled with water
22. A batch of concrete consisted of 200 at the rate of 5000 gal/min. The height
lbs fine aggregate, 350 lbs coarse if the water in the tank after minutes is
aggregate, 94 lbs, cement, and 5 20.42 ft. What is the diameter of the
gallons water. The specific gravity of tank? Answer: B
the sand and gravel may be taken as A. 30 ft
2.65 and that of the cement as 3/10/ B. 25 ft
What was the weight of concrete in C. 20 ft
place per cubic foot? Answer: D D. 9 m
A. 172 lbs
B. 236 lbs 29. Water is flowing through a 1 foot
C. 162 lbs diameter pipe at the rate of 10 m/s.
D. 153 lbs What is the volume flow of water
flowing? Answer: C
23. A batch of concrete consisted of 200 A. 7.50 ft3/sec
lbs fine aggregate, 350 lbs coarse B. 7.95 ft3/sec
aggregate, 94 lbs, cement, and 5 C. 7.85 ft3/sec
gallons water. The specific gravity of D. 0.22 ft3/sec
the sand and gravel may be taken as
2.65 and that of the cement as 3.10. 30. A certain fluid is flowing in a 0.5 m x
How much by weight of cement is 0.3 m channel at the rate of 3 m/sec
 and has a specific volume of 0.0012 A. 85 kg
m3/kg. Determine the mass of water B. 41 kg
flowing in kg/sec. Answer: C C. 45 kg
A. 380 kg/sec D. 68 kg
B. 390 kg/sec
C. 375 kg/sec 36. The power plant furnace burns coal at
D. 370 kg/sec the rate of 108,200 kg/hr. Air at 100.8
kpa, 28oC is supplied at the rate of
31. One useful equation used is the change 13.8 kg/kg coal. Determine the volume
of enthalpy of compressible liquid flow rate of air flow in m3/min.
with constant specific heat is: Answer: A
hsub2 - hsub1 = c(Tsub2 – A. 21,327 m3/min
Tsub1) + v(Psu2 – Psub1) B. 19,414.63
where: Tsubn = m3/min
Temperature at state C. 20,435.26
n m3/min
Psubn = Pressure D. 24,535.54
at state n m3/min
V = specific
volume of liquid 37. The enthalpy of air is increased by
Water with enthalpy with csubp = 4.187 139.586 KJ/kg in a compressor. The
KJ/kg-oK and v = 1.00 x 10 -3 m3/kg rate of air flow is 16.42 kg/min. The
has the following states: power output is 48.2 KW. Which of
State I: Tsub1= 19oC Psub1 = 1. 013 x 105 State the following values most nearly
II: Tsub2 = 30oC Psub2 = 0.113 Mpa equals the heat loss from the
What is the change in enthalpy from compressor in KW? Answer: A
state I to state II? Answer: C A. -10
A. 46.0 kpa/kg B. +10.2
B. 56.0 KJ/kg C. -9.95
C. 46.0 KJ/kg D. +9.95
D. 46.0 KN/kg
38. A steam turbine receives 70 pounds of
32. What is the potential energy of a 500 kg steam per minute with an enthalpy of
body if it is dropped to a height of 100 1600 Btu per pound and velocity of
m? Answer: A 100 ft/sec. It leaves the turbine at 900
A. 490.50 KJ ft/sec and 1320 Btu/lb enthalpy. The
B. 765.50 KJ radiation loss is 84,000 Btu/hr. Find
C. 560.50 KJ the horsepower output. Answer: A
D. 645.48 KJ A. 403 hp
B. 400hp
33. The flow energy of 124 li/min of a C. 380 hp
fluid passing a boundary to a system is D. 410 hp
2 KJ/sec. What is the pressure at this
point. Answer: B 39. Steam enters a turbine stage with
A. 100 kpa enthalpy of 3628 KJ/kg 70 m/sec and
B. 140.30 psi leaves the same stage with an enthalpy
C. 1000 kpa of 2846 KJ/kg and a velocity of 124
D. 871 KJ m/sec. Calculate the work done by the
steam. Answer: A
34. Steam at 1000 lb/ft3 pressure and A. 776.76 KJ/kg
330oR has a specific volume of 6.5 B. 873 KJ/kg
ft3/lb and a specific enthalpy of 9800 ft- C. 567.23 KJ/kg
lb/lb. Find the internal energy per D. 923.34 KJ/kg
pound mass of steam. Answer: B
A. 5400 40. Steam with an enthalpy of 800 kcal/kg
B. 3300 enters a nozzle at a velocity of 80
C. 6400 m/sec. Find the velocity of the steam at
D. 2500 the exit of the nozzle if its enthalpy is
35. Air and fuel enter a furnace used for reduced tp 750 kcal/kg. assuming the
home heating. The air has an enthalpy nozzle is horizontal and disregarding
of 302 KJ//kg and the fuel has an heat losses. Take g(9.81) m/sec and J =
enthalpy of 43,207 KJ/kg. The gases 427 kg-m/kcal.
leaving the furnace have an enthalpy Answer: D
of 616 KJ/kg. of fuel. The house A. 561.24 m/s
requires 17.6 KW of heat. What is the B. 142.5 m/s
fuel consumption per day? Answer: B C. 52.41 m/s
 D. 652.14 m/s are contained in the fire? Answer: A
A. 5.98 g
41. A volume of 450 cc of air is measured B. 6.43 g
at a pressure of 740 mm HG absolute C. 4.63 g
and a temperature of 20oC. What is the D. 3.83 g
volume in cc at 760 mm HG abs. and 0
o
C? Answer:B 48. An ideal gas at 0.60 atm. And 87oC
A. 516.12 occupies 0.450 liters. How many moles
B. 408.25 are in the sample? (R
C. 620.76 = 0.0821 atm/mole K) Answer: D
D. 375.85 A. 0.0002 mole
B. 0.0378 mole
42. Assuming compression is according to C. 0.0198 mole
the law PV = constant. Calculate the D. 0.0091 mole
initial volume of gas at a pressure of 2
bar which will occupy a volume of 6 49. Air compressed in a diesel engine from
cubic meters when it is compressed to an initial pressure of 13 psia and a
a pressure of 42 bar. Answer: A temperature of 120oF to one twelfth of
A. 126 m3 its original volume. Calculate the final
B. 120 m3 temperature assuming compression to
C. 130 m3 be adiabatic. Answer: D
D. 136 m3 A. 987
B. 980
43. How much heat, KJ must be C. 981
transferred to 20kg of air to increase D. 1107
the temperature from 20 degrees C to
280 degrees C if the pressure is 50. The compression ratio of an Otto cycle
maintained constant. Answer: C is 6:1, Psub1 is 14.7 psia, Tsub1 is 68oF.
A. 2500 Find the pressure and temperature at
B. 2050 state 2. Answer: D
C. 5200 A. 180.6 psia,
D. 5500 1081oF
B. 180.6 psia, 139
44. If air is at pressure, p, of 3200 lb/ft2. o
F
And at a temperature, T, of 800oR, C. 180.6 psia, 139
what is the specific volume , v? o
F
Answer: B D. 180.6 psig,
A. 14.2 ft3/lb 1081oR
B. 13.3 ft3/lb
C. 11.2 ft3/lb
D. 9.8 ft3/lb 51. An automobile tire is inflated to 30
psig pressure at 50oF. After being
45. The mass of air in the room 3m x 5m x driven, the temperature rise to 75oF.
20m is known to be 350 kg. Find its Determine the final gage pressure
density. Answer: C assuming the volume remains constant.
A. 1.617 kg/m3 Answer:A
B. 1.716 kg/m3 A. 32.19 psig
C. 1.167 kg/m3 B. 55 psig
D. 1.176 kg/m3 C. 0 psig
D. 38.9 psig
46. A transportation company specializes 52. If 10 m3 of atmospheric air at zero
in the shipment of pressurized gaseous degrees centigrade temperature are
materials. An order is received for 100 compressed to a volume of 1 m3 at
liters of a particular gas at STP (32 oF 100oC, what will be the pressure of air
and 1 atm). What minimum volume in kpa? Answer: B
tank is necessary to transport the gas at A. 1500
80oF and a maximum pressure of 8 B. 1384
atm? Answer: B C. 2000
A. 16 liters D. 1000
B. 14 liters
C. 10 liters 53. If 8 lbs of a substance receives 240 Btu
D. 12 liters of heat at constant colume and
undergo a tempearure change of
47. A bicycle has a volume of 600 cm3. It is 150oF/ What is the average specific
inflated with carbon dioxide to pressure heat of the substance during the
of 80 psi at 20 process?
o
C. How many grams of carbon dioxide
 Answer: D 60. A perfect gas has a value of R = 58.8
A. 0.30 Btu/lb-oF ft-lb/lb-oR and k = 1.26. Btu are added
B. 0.25 Btu/lb-oF to 5 lbs of this gas at constant volume
C. 0.50 Btu/lb-oF when initial temperature is 90oF, find
D. 0.20 Btu/lb-oF the initial temperature. Answer: B
A. 100oF
54. A certain gas at 101.325 kpa and 16oC B. 104 oF
whose volume is 2.83 m3 are C. 154 oF
compressed into a storage vessel of D. 185 oF
0.31 m3 capacity. Before admission,
the storage vessel contained the gas at 61. While the pressure remains constant and
a pressure 689.5 kpa, the volume of air changes
and temperature at 137.8 kpa and 24oC; from 0.567 m 3 to
after temperature of the gas in the vessel 0.283 m3. What is the work done?
in Kelvin? Answer: A
Answer: B A. -196 KJ
A. 298.0 B. 204 KJ
B. 319.8 C. 206 KJ
C. 180.0 D. -406 KJ
D. 420.0
62. During the polytropic process of an
55. The temperature of an ideal gas ideal gas, the state changes from 20
remains constant while the absolute psia and 40oF to 120 psia and 340oF.
pressure changes from 103.4 kpa to Determine the value of n. Answer: C
827.2 kpa. If the initial volume is 80 A. 1.233
liters, what is the final volume? B. 1.255
Answer:B C. 1.355
A. 100 li D. 1.400
B. 10 li
C. 8 li 63. A group of 50 persons attend a secret
D. 1000 li meeting in a room which is 12 meters
wide by 10 meters long and a ceiling
56. What is the density of air under standard height of 3 m. The room is completely
condition: Answer: C sealed off and insulated. Each person
A. 1.1 kg/m3 gives off 120 kcal per hour of heat and
B. 1 kg/m3 occupies a volume of 0.2 m3. The
C. 1.2 kg/m3 room has an initial pressure of 101.3
D. 1 KN/m3 kpa and temperature of 16oC. Calculate
the room temperature after 10 minutes.
57. What is the specific volume of an air at Answer: B
30oC and 150 kpa? Answer: D A. 36.35
A. 1 m3/kg B. 33.10
B. 0.5 m3/kg C. 23.24
C. 1.2 m3/kg D. 76.32
D. 0.579 m3/kg
64. The compression ratio of an ideal Otto
58. The compression ratio of an Otto cycle cycle is 6:1. Initial conditions are
is 5. If the initial pressure is 100 kpa, 101.3 kpa and 20oC. Find the pressure
determine the final pressure. Answer: and temperature at the end of adiabatic
B compression. Answer: A
A. 1000 kpa A. 1244.5 kpa,
B. 952 kpa 599.96oK
C. 300 kpa B. 1244.5 kpa, gage,
D. 100 kpa 60oC
C. 1244.5 kpa, 60oC
59. How much work is done when 20 ft3 of D. 1244.5 kpa,
an air is initially at a pressure of 15 599.96oC
psia and a temperature of 40oF
experience an increase of pressure to 65. Ammonia weighing 22 kgs is
80 psi while volume remains constant? confirmed inside a cylinder equipped
Answer: C with a piston has an initial pressure of
A. 1000 Btu 413 kpa and 38oC. If 2900 KJ if heat is
B. 3000 Btu added to the ammonia until its final
C. Zero pressure and temperature are 413 kpa
D. 2000 Btu and 100oC, respectively, what is the
amount of work done bt rhe fluid in
 KJ? Answer: A
A. 667
B. 304
C. 420
D. 502
66. Determine the average Cp value in
KJ/kg-K of a gas of 522 KJ/kg of heat
is necessary to raise the temperature
from 300oK to 800oK making the
pressure constant: Answer: B
A. 1.440
B. 1.044
C. 1.038
D. 1.026
67. A tank contains 80 ft3 of air at a
pressure of 350 psi; if the air is cooled
until its pressure and temperature
decreases to 200 psi and 70 oF
respectively, what is the decrease in
internal energy? Answer: B
A. +4575
B. -5544
C. 5552
D. 0
68. If 10 lbs of water are evaporated at
atmospheric pressure until a volume of
288.5 ft3 is computed , how much
work is done? Answer: C
A. 1680 Btu
B. No work
C. 610000 ft-lb
D. 550000 ft-lb
69. A large mining company was provided
with a 3 m3 of compressed air tank. Air
pressure in the tank drops from 700
kpa to 180 kpa while the temperature
remains constant at 28oC. What
percentage has the mass of air in the
tank been reduced? Answer: A
A. 74
B. 72
C. 76
D. 78
70. In a diesel cycle, the air compressed to
one-tenth of its original volume. If the
initial temperature of the air is 27oC,
what is the final temperature? Answer:
D internal energy. Answer: B
A. 420oC
B. 440 oC
C. 460 oC
D. 480 oC
71. Determine the vacuum efficiency of a
surface condenser which operates at a
vacuum of 635 mm Hg and exhaust
steam enters the condenser at 45.81o.
The barometric is 760 mm Hg.
Answer: C
A. 80.4 %
B. 85.2%
C. 92.2%
D. 98.3%
72. A 4 m3/hr pump delivers water to a
pressure tank. At the start, the gage
reads 138 kpa until in reads 276 kpa
and then the pump was shut off. The
volume of the tank is 150 liters. At 276
kpa the water occupied 2/3 of the tank
volume. Determine the volume of
water that can be taken out unitl the
gage reads 138 kpa. Answer: D
A. 31.20 liters
B. 65.32 liters
C. 16.87 liters
D. 29.50 liters
73. How much work is necessary to
compress air in an insulated cylinder
from 0.20 m 3 to 0.01 m3. Use T = 20oC
and P1 = 100 kpa. Answer: D
A. 113.4 KJ
B. 121.4 KJ
C. 110.1 KJ
D. 115.6 KJ
74. A gas initially 103.4 kpa and 0.0566 m3
undergoes a process to 620.36 kpa and
0.017 m3 during which the enthalpy
increases by 16.35 KJ, Cv = 10.217
KJ/kgoK. Determine the Cp of gas.
Answer: A
A. 14.33 KJ/kg-oK
B. 2.34 Btu/lb-oR
C. 13.23 KJ/kg-oK
D. 10.76 Btu/lb-oK
75. A perfect gas has a value of R = 5808
ft-lb/lb-oR and k = 1.26. If 20 Btu are
added to 5 lb of this gas at constant
volume when initial temperature is
90oF, find the final temperature.
Answer: C
A. 100.76oC
B. 167.76 oC
C. 103.76 oC
D. 145.76 oC
76. While the pressure remains constant at
689.5 kpa the volume of a system of
air changes from
0.567 m3 to 0.283 m3. Find the change of
A. 389.68 KJ
B. 493.63 KJ
C. 678.68 KJ
D. 245.68 KJ
77. If initial volume of an ideal gas is
compressed to one half its original
volume and to twice its original
temperature, the pressure. Answer: B
A. Doubles
 B. Quadruples 85. A closed vessel contains air at a
C. Remains pressure of 160 KN/m2 gauge and
constant temperature of 30oC. The air is heated
D. Halves at constant volume of 60oC with the
atmospheric pressure as 759 mm H g.
78. What horsepower is required to What is the final gauge pressure?
isothermally compress 800 ft3 of air Answer: C
per minute from 14.7 psia to 120 psia? A. 174
Answer: D B. 169
A. 13900 Hp C. 185.8
B. 28 Hp D. 172
C. 256 Hp 86. An air standard engine has a
D. 108 Hp compression ratio of 20 and cut-off
ratio of 5. If the intake air pressure and
79. An ideal gas at 45 psig and 80oF is temperature are 100 kpa and 27oC, find
heated in a closed container to 130oF. the work in KJ per kg. Answer: B
What is the final pressure?Answer A. 2976
80. A Carnot engine requires 35 KJ/sec B. 2166
from the hot source. The engine C. 2437
produces 15 kw of power ant the D. 2751
temperature of the sink 26oC. What is
the temperature of the hot source? 87. The thermal efficiency of a particular
Answer C engine operating on an ideal cycle is
A. 245.57 35%. Calculate the heat supplied per
B. 210.10 1200 watt-hr of work developed in KJ.
C. 250.18 Answer:A
D. 260.68 A. 12343
B. 10216
81. A Carnot engine receives 130 Btu of C. 14218
heat from a hot reservoir at 700oF and D. 11108
rejects 49 Btu of heat. Calculate the
temperature of the cold reservoir.
Answer: D 88. In an air standard Otto cycle, the
A. -21.9oF clearance volume is 18% of the
B. -24.2 oF displacement volume. Find the
C. -20.8 oF compression ratio and or thermal
D. -22.7 oF efficiency. Answer: C
A. 0.52
82. The maximum thermal efficiency B. 0.53
possible for a power cycle C. 0.55
operating between 1200 oF D. 0.60
and 225 oF is:
A. 58% 89. The clearance of a diesel cycle is 1.0%.
B. 58.73% If initial temperature is 27oC,
C. 57.54% determine the final temperature.
D. 57.40% Answer: A
A. 510oC
83. A heat engine is operated between B. 610 oC
temperature limits of 1370oC and C. 540 oC
260oC. Engine supplies with 14,142 KJ D. 1000 oC
per KWH. Find the Carnot cycle
efficiency in percent.Answer: C 90. For an ideal cycle with overall value of
A. 70.10 k = 1.33, compression ratio is 15 and
B. 65.05 cur-off ratio of 2.1, determine the
C. 67.56 cycle efficiency.Answer: B
D. 69.32 A. 50.62%
B. 52.90%
84. An Otto cycle has clearance volume of C. 46%
7%. It produces 300 kw power. What D. 49%
is the amount of heat rejected in KW?
Answer: C 91. An ideal Otto cycle with 15%
A. 170 clearance operates on 0.227 kg/sec of
B. 160 air with k = 1.32. Determine the
C. 152 efficiency of the cycle. Answer: D
D. 145 A. 50.65%
B. 43.84%
 C. 41.32% quality, hf = 298.55 Btu/lb; hfg = 889.119
D. 47.89% Btu/lb.
Answer: B
92. An ideal Otto cycle, operating in hot A. 1170 Btu/lb
air with k = 1.34 has compression ratio B. 1161 Btu/lb
of 5. Determine the efficiency of the C. 1734 Btu/lb
cycle. Answer: A D. 1803 Btu/lb
A. 42.14%
B. 62.27% 99. 180 grams of saturated water of
C. 64.27% temperature 95oC undergoes
D. 36.46% evaporation process until all vapor
completely vaporized. Determine the
93. An engine operates on the air standard changed in volume. At 95oC, vf=
Otto cycle. The cycle work is 900 0.0010397 m3/kg. Answer: D
KJ/kg, the maximum cycle A. 0.1656 m3
temperature at the end of isentropic B. 0.4235 m3
compression is 600oC. Determine the C. 0.2565 m3
engines compression ratio. Answer: A D. 0.3656 m3
A. 6.388
B. 10.45 100. Five kilograms of saturated liquid at
C. 8.67 kpa is heated until its moisture content
D. 7.87 is 5%. Find the work done for this
process. Answer A
94. In an air standard diesel cycle, A. 813.59 KJ/kg
compression start at 100 kpa and B. 643.23 KJ/kg
300oK. The compression ratio is 16 to C. 542.34 KJ/kg
1. The maximum cycle temperature is D. 753.12 KJ/kg
2031oK. Determine the cycle
efficiency. Answer: C 101. Twenty kilograms of water at 40oC is
A. 60.34% confined in a rigid vessel. The heat is
B. 56.23% supplied until all the water is
C. 65.98% completely vaporized. Find the heat
D. 45.45% added in KJ. Answer: C
95. A diesel engine is operating on a 4- A. 45,422 KJ
stroke cycle, has a heat rate of 11315.6 B. 43,122 KJ
KJ/KW-hr brake. The compression C. 45,252 KJ
ratio is 13. The cut-off ratio is 2. Using D. 65,233 KJ
k = 1.32, what is the brake engine
efficiency. Answer: A 102. Steam at 2 Mpa and 250oC in a rigid
A. 63.5% cylinder is cooled until the quality is
B. 51.2% 50%. Find the heat rejected from the
C. 73.5% cylinder.
D. 45.3% At 2 Mpa and 250oC
V = 0.11144 m3/kg
96. Determine the air-standard efficiency
of an engine operating on the diesel u = 2679.6 KJ/kg
cycle with clearance of 8% when the At 2 Mpa, (saturated)
suction pressure is 99.97 kpa and the Vf = 0.0011767 m3/kg vg =
fuel is injected for 6% of the stroke. 0.09963 m3/kg uf =
Assume k 906.44 1693.8
= 1.4. Answer: D Answer: B
A. 63.5% A. -432.23 KJ/kg
B. 51.2% B. -926.26 KJ/kg
C. 73.5% C. -834.55 KJ/kg
D. 60.02% D. 1082.34 KJ/kg

97. A heat engine ( Carnot cycle ) has its 103. At 1.3 Find the entropy in
intake and exhaust temperature if 157 KJ/kg-K at 90% moisture
o
C and 100oC, respectively. What is its of a 1 Mpa steam-water
efficiency? Answer: D mixture? At 1 Mpa:sg =
A. 12.65% 6.5865 sfg = 4.4478
B. 14.75% A. 4.87
C. 15.35% B. 6.34
D. 13.25% C. 2.583
D. 4.36
98. Find the enthalpy of 100 psi and 97%
104. At 1.3 Mpa, mixture steam and water A. 0.821
has an entropy of 4 KJ/kg-K. Find the B. 1.561
enthalpy of the mixture. C. 0.344
At 1.3 Mpa: sf = 2.2515, sg = D. 2.133
6.4953, hf = 514.93, hfg =
1972.7 Answer: A 110. One lb (0.455kg) of a mixture of
A. 1627.71 KJ/kg steam and water at 160 psia(1103.2
B. 1533.33 KJ/kg kpa) is in rigid vessel. Heat is added to
C. 1234.45 KJ/kg the vessel until the content are at 560
D. 1734.45 KJ/kg psia (3861.2 kpa) and 600oF
(315.55oC). Determine the quantityof
105. Mixture with 80% quality at 500 kpa heat in KJ added to the water and
is heated isothermally until its pressure steam in the tank. Answer: A
is 300 kpa. Find the heat added during A. 1423.70
the process. B. 1392.34
At 500 kpa: sf = 1.8607, sfg = C. 1562.34
4.9606 D. 1294.45
At 300 kpa and 151.86oC: s = 7.0888
KJ/kgAnswer: B 111. Steam at the rate of 600 kg/hr is
A. 652.34 KJ/kg produced by a steady flow system
B. 535.16 KJ/kg boiler from feedwater entering at 40 oC.
C. 983.44 KJ/kg Find the rate at which heat is
D. 765.34 KJ/kg transformed in Kcal per hour if
enthalpy of steam is 660 Kcal/kg and
106. A tank contains exactly one kilogram of the feedwater at 40 Kcal/kg.
of water consisting of liquid and vapor Answer: A
in equilibrium at 1 Mpa. If the liquid A. 372000
and vapor each occupy one-half the B. 387000
volume of the tank, what is the C. 345200
enthalpy of the content of the tank? D. 312444
Answer: B
A. 644.40 KJ/kg 112. Steam leaves and industrial boiler at
B. 774.40 KJ/kg 827.4 kpa and 171.6oC. A portion of
C. 833.40 KJ/kg the steam is passed through a throttling
D. 435.29 KJ/kg calorimeter and is exhausted to the
atmosphere when the calorimeter
pressure is 101.4 kpa. How much
107. A vessel with a volume of 1 m3 moisture does the steam leaving the
contains liquid water and water vapor boiler contain if the temperature is
in equilibrium at 600 Kpa. The liquid 115.6oC? Answer: B
water has a mass of 1 kg. Using steam A. 3.78%
tables, calculate the mass of water B. 3.08%
vapor. Answer: A C. 4.56%
A. 3.16 kg D. 2.34%
B. 0.99 kg 113. Steam enters a throttling calorimeter
C. 1.57 kg at a pressure of 1.03 Mpa. The
D. 1.89 kg calorimeter downstream pressure and
temperature are respectively 0.100
108. Water substance at 70 bar and 65oC Mpa and 125oC. What is the
enters a boiler tube of constant inside percentage moisture if the supply
diameter of 25 mm. The water leaves steam?
the boiler tube at 50 bar and 700oK at Properties of steam:
velocity of 100 m/s. Calculate the inlet P, Mpa hf hfg hg
velocity(m/sec) Answer: C 1.03 2010.7 2779.25
A. 1.56 Note: @ 0.1.. Mpa and 125oC: h = 2726.6 KJ/kg.
B. 2.12 Answer: A
C. 1.672 A. 2.62
D. 3.230 B. 5.21
C. 3.15
109. Water substance at 70 bar and 65oC D. 1.98
enters a boiler tube of constant inside 114. A vessel of 0.058 m3 capacity is well
diameter of 25 mm. The water leaves insulated and is divided equally by a
the boiler tube at 50 bar and 700oK at rigid conducting diaphragm. Initially
velocity of 100 m/s. Calculate the inlet both halves contain air at pressure of
volume of 100 m/s. Calculate the inlet 137.8 kpa and 413.4 kpa and
volume flow (li/sec) Answer: A temperature 27oC and 177oC
 respectively. What is the increase of C. 13.45 kg
entropy of the system in KJ/oC? D. 16.34 kg
Answer: C
A. 1.002 121. A 1 kg steam-water mixture at 1.0
B. 0.5080 Mpa is contained in an inflexible tank.
C. 0.00173 Heat is added until the pressure rises to
D. 0.1080 3.5 Mpa and 400oC. Determine the
heat added. Answer: A
115. Using steam table. Find the enthalpy of A. 1378.64 KJ
steam at kpa if its specific volume is B. 1532.56 KJ
0.3598 m3/kg. C. 1456.78 KJ
Answer: A D. 1635.45 KJ
A. 1625.86 KJ/kg 122. Atmospheric pressure boils at 212oF.
B. 1785.34 KJ/kg At the vacuum pressure at 24 in Hg,
C. 1543.45 KJ/kg the temperature is 142oF. Find the
D. 1687.55 KJ/kg boiling temperature when the pressure
is increased by 45 psia. Answer: C
116. A throttling calorimeter is connected A. 342.34oF
to the desuoerheated steam line B. 526.34oF
supplying steam to the auxiliary feed C. 479.13oF
pump on a ship. The line pressure D. 263.45oF
measures 2.5 Mpa. The calorimeter
pressure of 123. What is the temperature in degree C
137.8 kpa and 413.4 kpa and of 2 liters of water at 30oC after 500
temperature of 27oC and 177oC calories of heat have been added to?
respectively. What is the increase of Answer: B
entropy of the system in KJ/oC? A. 35.70
Answer: C B. 30.25
A. 6.8 KJ/kg-oK C. 38.00
B. 7.2 KJ/kg-oK D. 39.75
C. 6.6 KJ/kg-oK
D. 7.5 KJ/kg-oK 124. A mass of 0.36 kg metal having a
temperature of 100oC is plunged into
117. Steam enters an isothermal 0.04 kg if water at 20oC. The
compressor at 400oC and 100 kpa. The temperature of the water and metal
exit pressure is 10 Mpa, determine the becomes 48oC. The latent heat of ice at
change of enthalpy. Answer: D 0oC is 335 KJ.kg- oK, Assuming no
A. 198 KJ/kg heat loss to the surroundings,
B. 178 KJ/kg determine the specific heat capacity of
C. 187 KJ/kg the metal in KJ/kg-oK. Answer: D
D. 182 KJ/kg A. 0.234
B. 0.564
118. Steam enters an adiabatic at 300oC C. 0.754
and 400 kpa. It exits as a saturated D. 0.451
vapor at 30 kpa. Determine the work
done. Answer: B 125. What is the total energy required
A. 476.34 KJ/kg heating in raising the temperature of a
B. 441.50 KJ/kg given amount of water when the
C. 436.33 KJ/kg energy applied is 1000 KWH with heat
D. 524.34 KJ/kg losses of 25%? Answer: C
A. 1000
B. 1500
119. A 0.5 m3 tank contains saturated C. 1333
steam at 300 kpa. Heat is transferred D. 1250
until pressure reaches 100 kpa. Find
the final temperature.Answer: C 126. A 30 kg iron was put in a container
A. 94.45oC with 14.33 kg water. The water is at
B. 83.23oC 10oC and the iron has an initial
C. 99.63oC temperature of 439oK until the iron
D. 103.2oC was in thermal equilibrium with water.
120. A 500 li contains a saturated mixture Find the change in entropy. (C p = 0.4
of steam and water at 300oC. KJ/kgoK) Answer: D
Determine the mass of vapor if their A. -12.56 KJ/oK
volumes are equal. Answer: A B. -43.58 KJ/oK
A. 11.54 kg C. -25.78 KJ/oK
B. 10.34 kg D. -6.6 KJ/oK
FUELS & COMBUSTION many days can the tank supply the
engine having 27° API with fuel
1. A diesel power plant consumes 650 consumption of 60 kg/hr. Answer: B
liters of fuel at 26oC in 24 hours with A. 4.84
28oAPI. Find the fuel rate in kg/hr. B. 5.84
Answer: A C. 7.84
A. 23.83 D. 8.84
B. 24.85
C. 22.85 8. Determine the minimum volume of
D. 26.85 day tank in m3 of 28° API fuel having
a fuel consumption of 200 kg/hr.
2. A boiler burns fuel oil with 15% Answer: B
excess air. The fuel oil may be A. 10.43 m3
represented by C14H34. Calculate the B. 5.41 m3
molal air fuel ratio. Answer: B C. 6.87 m3
A. 14 D. 7.56 m3
B. 117.69
C. 102.34 9. Given the following ultimate analysis:
D. 17.14 C = 70%

O2 = 4%
N2 = 5%
3. A diesel power plant uses fuel that has
a density of 892.74 kg/m3 at 15.67oC. S2 = 6%
Find the heating value of fuel. Answer:
A Moisture = 8%
A. 44,900 KJ/kg H2 = 3%
B. 19,301 Btu/lb
C. 43,000 KJ/kg Ash = 5%
D. 4356.2 KJ/kg Using 25% excess air, determine the
actual air fuel ratio. Answer: A
4. A certain coal has the following ultimate A. 11.46
analysis: B. 24.85
C = 69% N2 = 5% C. 23.85
H2 = 2.5% S = 7% D. 26.85
Moisture = 8%
O2 = 3.5% Ash = 10. A 650 Bhp diesel engine uses fuel oil
5% of 28° API gravity, fuel consumption
is 0.65 lb/Bhp-hr. Cost of fuel is P7.95
Determine the heating value of fuel per liter. For continuous operation,
used.Answer: A determine the minimum volume of
A. 26,961.45 KJ/kg cubical day tank in cm 3, ambient
B. 45,256 KJ/kg temperature is 45°C. Answer: A
C. 25,002.4 KJ/kg A. 5,291,880 cm3
D. 26,000 KJ/kg B. 5,391,880 cm3
C. 5,491,880 cm3
5. A diesel power plant uses fuel with D. 5,591,880 cm3
heating value of 45,038.8 KJ/kg. What
is the density of fuel used at 30°C? 11. A 650 Bhp diesel engine uses fuel oil
Answer: D of 28° API gravity, fuel consumption
A. 0.900 kg/li is 0.65lb/Bhp-hr. Cost of fuel is P7.95
B. 0.887 kg/li per liter. For continuous operation,
C. 0.850 kg/li determine the cost of fuel per day at
D. 0.878 kg/li 45°C. Answer: B
A. P42,870.45
6. A diesel engine consumed 945 liter of B. P42,070.45
fuel per day at 30°C. If the fuel was C. P42,570.45
purchased at 15.5°C and 30° API at D. P42,170.45
P5.00/li, determined the cost of fuel to
operate the engine per day. Answer: B 12. A logging firm in Isabela operates a
A. P5677.50 Diesel Electric Plant to supply its
B. P4677.50 electric energy requirements. During a
C. P4888.90 24 hour period, the plant consumed
D. P5000.00 250 gallons of fuel at 80°F and
produced 2700 KW-Hrs. Industrial fuel
7. A cylindrical tank 3 m long and 2 m used is 30° API and was purchased at
diameter is used for oil storage. How P3.00li/at 60°F. Determine cost of fuel
 to produce one Kwh. Answer: C A. 23.34 kpa
A. P3,043/KW-h B. 29.34 kpa
B. P4,043/KW-h C. 35.7 kpa
C. P1,043/KW-h D. 32.34 kpa
D. P2,043/KW-h 18. In the boiler design, it is desired to
have the flue gas exit temperature
13. A logging firm in Isabela operates a
above the dew point. Estimate the dew
Diesel Electric Plant to supply its
point temperature of the flue gas
electric energy requirements. During a
produced by combustion having the
24 hour period, the plant consumed
gravimetric analysis of: Answer: D
250 gallons of fuel at 80°F and
N2 = 71.84% CO2 = 20.35% O2
produced 2700 KW-hrs. Industrial fuel
= 3.61% H2O = 4.20%
used is 30° API and was purchased at
A. 32°C
P3.00/li at 60°F. Determine the overall
B. 23°C
thermal efficiency of the plant.
C. 45°C
Answer: A
D. 39°C
A. 26.08%
B. 43.23%
19. A flue gas has following volumetric
C. 43.12%
analysis: CH4 = 68% C2H6 = 32%
D. 18.46%
Assume a complete combustion with
15% excess air at 101.325 Kpa, what
14. A diesel electric plant in one of the
is the partial pressure of water vapor in
remote provinces in the south utilized
Kpa. Answer: A
diesel fuel with an °API of 28 at
A. 15.95
15.6°C. The plant consumes 680 liters
B. 23.12
of diesel fuel at 26.6°C in 24 hrs,
C. 12.45
while the power generated for the
D. 27.34
same period amounts to 1,980KW-hrs.
Determine overall thermal efficiency
20. The dry exhaust gas from oil engine has
of the plant. Answer: A
the following gravimetric analysis: CO2
A. 26.47%
= 21.6% O2 = 4.2% N2 =
B. 12.34%
74.2%
C. 23.45%
Specific heat at constant pressure for each
D. 34.34%
components of the exhaust gas in Kcal/kg °C are:
CO2 = 0.203 O2 = 0.219 N2 = 0.248
15. A circular fuel tank 45 feet long and
Calculate the gas constant in J/kg°K.Answer: A
5.5 feet diameter is used for oil
A. 272 C. 274
storage. Calculate the number of days
B. 276 D. 278
the supply tank can hold for
continuous operation the following
21. The dry exhaust gas from oil engine has
conditions:
the following gravimetric analysis: CO2
Steam flow = 2000 lbs/hr
= 21.6% O2 = 4.2% N2 =
Steam dry and saturated at 200 psia Feedwater
74.2%
temperature = 230°F Boiler Efficiency = 75%
Specific heat at constant pressure for each
Fuel oil = 34° API Answer: B
component of the exhaust gas in Kcal/kg °C are:
A. 12.34
CO2 = 0.203 O2 = 0.219 N2 = 0.248
B. 17.58
Calculate the specific gravity if the molecular
C. 13.45
weight of air is 28.97 kg/kg-mol. Answer: C
D. 23.44
A. 0.981
B. 1.244
16. A steam generator burns fuel oil with
C. 1.055
20% excess air. The fuel oil may be
D. 0.542
represented by C14 H30. The fuel gas
22. The dry gas from oil engine has the
leaves the preheater at 0.31 Mpa.
following gravimetric analysis: CO2 =
Determine the actual air-fuel ratio in
21.6% O2 = 4.2% N2 = 74.2%
kg air per kg fuel. Answer: A
Specific heat at constant pressure for each
A. 17.89
component of the exhaust gas in Kcal/kg °C are:
B. 15.67
CO2 = 0.203 O2 = 0.219 N2 = 0.248
C. 12.34
Calculate the specific heat for the gas in KJ/kg -
D. 19.45
°K. Answer: B
17. A steam generation burns fuel oil with A. 0.872
20% excess air. The fuel oil may be B. 0.992
represented by C14H30. The fuel gases C. 0.452
leave the preheater at 0.31 Mpa. D. 0.673
Determine partial pressure of H2O.
Answer: C 23. A bituminous coal has the following
 composition: B. 8.66%
C = 71.5% H = 5.0% C. 6.34%
O = 7.0% D. 7.45%
N = 1.3
S = 3.6% Ash = 8.2% 29. Fuel oil, C12H26 is burned in air at
W = 3.4% atmospheric pressure. The Orsat
Determine the theoretical weight of analysis of the products of combustion
Oxygen in lb/lb of coal. Answer: C yields.
A. 2.870 CO2 : 12.8%
B. 3.120 O2 : 3.5%
C. 2.274 CO : 0.2%
D. 6.233 N2 : 83.5%
Determine the percent excess air. Answer: C
24. There are 20 kg of flue gases formed A. 12.34%
per kg of fuel oil burned in the B. 8.34%
combustion of a fuel oil C12H26. What C. 10.52%
is the excess air in percent?Answer: A D. 18.45%
A. 26.67%
B. 18.34% 30. unknown fuel has the following Orsat
C. 12.34% analysis: CO2 : 12.5
D. 20.45% CO : 0.3%
O2 : 3.1%
25. A gaseous fuel mixture has a molal N2 : 84.1%
analysis: Determine the actual air – fuel in kg air
H2 = 14% CH4 = 3% per kg fuel. Answer: A
CO = 27% A. 17.13
O2 = 0.6% CO2 = 4.5% B. 12.34
N2 = 50.9% C. 19.23
Determine the air-fuel ratio for complete D. 23.23
combustion on molal basis.Answer: C
A. 2.130 31. What mass of liquid oxygen is required
B. 3.230 to completely burned 1000kg of liquid
C. 1.233 butane, C 4H10 on a rocket ship?
D. 1.130 Answer: C
A. 4568
26. A steam generation burns fuel oil that B. 2746
has the following chemical analysis by C. 3586
mass in percent: D. 6345
Answer: C
C = 85.3 H2 = 14.1 32. A volumetric analysis of a gas mixture is
S = 0.5 as follows: CO2 : 12.5%
N2 = 0.1 O2 : 4%
A. 19.85 N2 : 82%
CO : 2%
C. 17.93
B. 11.14 What is the percentage of CO on a mass
basis? Answer: D
D. 14.20 A. 1.0%
B. 1.5%
27. Calculate the theoretical air needed for C. 1.2%
the complete combustion of ethane D. 1.9%
C2H6 for 20 kg fuel.
Answer: D
A. 432.23 kg 33. What is the percent theoretical air for a
B. 287.45 kg combustion process to which the fuel
C. 234.45 kg and combustion gas analysis are
D. 320.32 kg known as follows:Answer: A
Fuel: % by volume
28. A fuel oil burned with 50 percent
excess air, and the combustion CO2: 12.4%
characteristics of the fuel oil are CO: 27%
similar to C12H26. Determine the H2 : 2.2%
volumetric (molal) analysis of CO2 in N2 : 58.4%
the production of combustion. Answer: Combustion gas: % by volume
B CO2 : 24.6%
A. 9.34%
 O2 : 1.0% determine the pump work in Kj per kg.
H2 : 74.4% Answer C
A. 6.34
A. 111 B. 5.34
B. C.116 C. 4.17
C. 121 D. 2.12
D.126
VARIABLE LOAD 3. A thermal power plant generates 5
1. A 50 MW power plant has an average MW has also 300 OW power needed
load of 31,500 KW and a factor of for auxiliaries. If the heat generated by
70%. Find the reserve over peak. fuel is 13,000 KJ/sec, determine the
Answer: C net thermal efficiency. Answer B
A. 4 MW A. 35.78%
B. 3 MW B. 36.15%
C. 5 MW C. 30.56%
D. 6 MW D. 33.67

2. The daily energy produced in a certain 4. In an ideal Rankine cycle, the steam
power is 280,000 KW – hrs. What is the throttle condition is 4.10 Mpa and
daily average load? 4400C. If turbine exhaust is 0.105 Mpa,
Answer: D determine the thermal efficiency of the
A. 10 MW cycle. Answer B
B. 15 MW A. 20.34%
C. 25 MW B. 27.55%
D. 20 MW C. 34.44%
D. 43.12%
3. The annual energy produced in a 100
MW power plant is 438,000,000 KW – 5. In a Rankine cycle, saturated liquid
hrs. What is the annual capacity factor water at 1 bar is compressed
of the plant? Answer: B isentropically to 150 bar. First by
A. 40% heating in a boiler, and then by
B. 50% superheating at constant pressure of
C. 35% 150 bar, the water substance is brought
D. 60% to 7500K. After adiabatic reversible
expansion in a turbine to 1 bar, it is
4. A power plant has a use factor of 50% then cooled in a condenser to saturated
and factor of 44%. How many hours liquid. What is the thermal efficiency
did it operate during the year? of the cycle(%)?Answer C
Answer: C A. 23.45%
A. 7700 hrs. B. 16.23%
B. 7800 hrs. C. 34.24%
C. 7709 hrs. D. 18.23%
D. 7805 hrs. 6. A steam generating plant has two 20
STEAM CYCLE MW turbo-generators. Steam is
supplied at 1.7 Mpa and 3200C.
1. In a Rankine cycle steam enters the Exhaust is 0.006 MPa. Daily average
turbine at 2.5 Mpa (enthalpies & load factor is 80%. The steam
entropies given) and condenser of 50 generating units operate at 70%
Kpa (properties given), what is the efficiency when using bunker fuel
thermal efficiency of the cycle. having a heating value of 31,150
Answer A KJ/kg and an average steam rate of 5
At 2.5 Mpa: hg = 2803.1 KJ/kg s kg steam/KW-hr. Calculate the Mtons
g = 6.2575 of fuel oil/bunker fuel required per 24
At 50 kpa: sf = 1.0910 s hours. Answer A
fg = 6.5029 A. 515
hf = 340.49 hfg = 2305.4 B. 432
C. 6.17
vf = 0.0010300 D. 762
A. 25.55% 7. A back pressure steam turbine of
B. 45.23% 100,000 KW serves as a prime mover
C. 34.23% in a cogeneration system. The boiler
D. 12.34% admits the return water at a
temperature of 660C and produces the
2. In an ideal Rankine cycle, the steam steam at 6.5 Mpa and 4550C. Steam
throttle condition is 4.10 Mpa and then enters a back pressure turbine and
4400C. If turbine exhaust is 0.105 Mpa, expands to the pressure of the process,
 which is 0.52 Mpa. Assuming a boiler
efficiency of 80% and neglecting the
effect of pumping and the pressure
drops at various location, what is the
incremental heat rate of electric? The
following enthalpies have been found;
turbine entrance = 3306.8 KJ/kg, exit =
2700.8; boiler entrance = 276.23
KJ/kg, exit =3306.8. Answer B
A. 21,504 KJ/KW-
hr
B. 22,504 KJ/KW-
hr
C. 23,504 KJ/KW-
hr
D. 24,504 KJ/KW-
hr
8. A coal-fired power plant has a turbine-
generator rated at 1000 MW gross.
The plant required about 9% of this
power for its internal operations. It
uses 9800 tons of coal per day. The
coal has a heating value of 6,388.9
Kcal/kg and the steam generator
efficiency is 86%. What is the net
station efficiency of the plant in
percent? Answer C
A. 30%
B. 25%
C. 33%
D. 38%
9. A superheat steam Rankine cycle has a
turbine inlet conditions of 17.5 Mpa
and 5300C expands in a turbine to
0.007 Mpa. The turbine and pump
polytropic efficiencies are 0.9 and 0.7
respectively, pressure between pump
and turbine inlet are 1.5 Mpa. What
shoul be the pump work in KJ/kg.
Answer B
A. 17.3
B. 27.3
C. 37.3
D. 47.3
10. A steam plant operates with initial
pressure of 1.70 Mpa and 3700C
temperature and exhaust to a heating
syste at 0.17 Mpa. The Condensate
from the heating system is returned to
the boiler at 65.50C and the heating
system utilizes from its intended
purpose 90% of the energy transferred
from the steam it receives. The nT is
70%. If boiler efficiency is 80%, what
is the cogeneration efficiency of the
system in percent. Neglect pump work.
Answer D
Steam Properties:
At 1.70 Mpa and 3700C: h = 3187.1
KJ/kg s = 7.1081
At 0.17 Mpa: hf = 483.20 sf=1.4752
At 65.50C: hg = 2216.0
hf = 274.14 sg=5.7062
A. 78
B. 102.10
C. 91.24
D. 69
11. In a cogeneration plant, steam enters
the turbine at 4 Mpa and 4000C. One
fourth of the steam is extracted from
the turbine at 600 Kpa pressure for
process heating. The remaining steam
continues to expand to 10 Kpa. The
extracted steam is then condensed and
mixed with feedwater are constant
pressure and the mixture is pumped to
the boiler pressure of 4 Mpa. The mass
flow rate of steam through the boiler is
30 kg/sec. Disregarding any pressure
drops and heat losses in the piping, and
assuming the turbine and pump to be
isentropic, how much process heat is
required in KW? Answer A
Steam properties:
At 4 Mpa and 4000C: h = 3213.6 KJ/kg, s =
6.7690 At 600 Kpa: hf = 670.56 sf = 1.9312
hfg = 2086.3 sfg
= 4.8288
A. 15,646.8
B. 2,458.2
C. 1.9312
D. 1,027.9
12. In an ideal Reheat cycle, the steam
throttled condition is 8 Mpa and
4800C. The steam is then reheated to 2
Mpa and 4600C, determine cycle
efficiency. Answer A
A. 38.3%
B. 24.3%
C. 34.3%
D. 45.2%
13. A reheat steam cycle has 13,850 Kpa
throttle pressure at the turbine inlet and
a 2800 Kpa reheat pressure, the throttle
and reheat temperature of the steam is
5400C, condenser pressure is 3.4 Kpa,
engine efficiency of high and low
pressure is 75% find the cycle thermal
efficiency. Answer A
A. 34.46%
B. 38.40%
C. 36.49%
D. 43.45%
14. Steam is delivered to turbine at 5.4
Mpa and 6000C. Before condensation
at 310C, steam is extracted for
feedwater heating at 0.6 Mpa. For an
ideal regenerative cycle, find the
thermal efficiency. Answer D
A. 23.45%
B. 34.34%
C. 28.34%
D. 44.14%
15. A steam condenser receives 10 kg/s of
steam with an enthalpy of 2570 KJ/kg.
Steam condenses into a liquid and
 leaves with an enthalpy of 160 KJ/kg. h = 3410.3
Cooling water passes through the s = 6.7976
condenser with temperature increases At 600 Kpa:
from 13 degrees C to 240C/ Calculate hf = 670.56
the water flow rate in kg/s. Answer C hfg = 2086.3
A. 533 sfg = 4.8288
B. 518 At 10 Kpa:
C. 523 hf = 191.83
D. 528 hfg = 2392.8
sf = 0.6493
16. In an open feedwater heater for a sfg = 7.5009
steam plant, saturated steam at 7 bar is A. 60
mixed with subcooled liquid at 7 bar B. 50
and 250C. Just enough steam is C. 65
supplied to ensure that the mixed D. 55
steam leaving the heater will be
saturated liquid at 7 bar when heater 20. A heat exchanger was installed
efficiency is 90%. Calculate the mass purposely to cool 0.50 kg of gas per
flow rate of subcooled liquid if steam second. Molecular weight is 28 and k
flow rate is 0.865 kg/s. = 1.32. The gas is cooled from 150 0C
Steam Properties are: Answer A to 800C. Water is available at the rate
At 7 bar, saturated vapor: hg = 2763.5 KJ/kg At 7 of 0.30 kg/s and at a temperature of
bar, and 250C: hf = 105.5 KJ/kg 120C. Calculate the exit temperature of
At 7 bar, saturated liquid: hf = 697.22 KJ/kg the water in 0C. Answer A
A. 2.725 A. 48
B. 3.356 B. 42
C. 2.286 C. 46
D. 3.948 D. 44
`
17. Steam expands adiabatically in a 21. Pump work of Rankine cycle is 15
turbine from 2000 Kpa, 4000C to 400 KJ/kg. Density of water entering the
Kpa, 2500C. What is the effectiveness pump is 958 kg/m 3. If condenser
of the process in percent assuming an pressure is 100 Kpa, what is the
atmospheric pressure of 150C. Neglect pressure at the entrance of the turbine?
changes in kinetic and potential Answer A
energy. Answer C A. 14.47 Mpa
Steam Properties are: B. 20.48 Mpa
At 2000 Kpa and C. 15.67 Mpa
4000C. h = 3247.6 D. 17.77 Mpa
KJ/kg
s = 7.1270 KJ/kg-K 22. In a Rankine cycle the turbine work is
At 400 Kpa and 1,000 KJ/kg and pump work of 13
2500C. KJ/kg. If heat generated by generator
h = 2964.2 KJ/kg is 2800 KJ/kg, what is the efficiency of
s=7.3789 KJ/kg- the cycle? Answer A
K A. 35.25%
A. 82 B. 4.75%
B. 84 C. 38.65%
C. 80 D. 30.25%
D. 86
23. In a Reheat power plant the difference
19. Steam enters the turbine of a in enthalpy at the entrance and exit is
cogeneration plant at 0.7 Mpa and 550 KJ/kg for first stage and second
5000C. Steam at a flow rate of 7.6 kg/s stage is 750 KJ/kg. If both stages has
is extracted from the turbine at 600 an efficiency of 92% and heat added to
Kpa pressure for process heating. The boiler is 3,000 KJ/kg. Determine the
remaining steam continues to expand plant cycle efficiency neglecting the
to 10 Kpa. The recovered condensates pump work. Answer C
A. 30%
are pumped back to the boiler. The
B. 35%
mass flow rate of steam that enters the
C. 40%
turbine is 30 kg/s. Calculate the
cogeneration efficiency in percent. D. 45%
Answer No exact answer in the
choices 24. An adiabatic feed pump in a steam
Steam Properties cycle delivers water to a steam
At 7.0 Mpa and 5000C: generator at a temperature of 2000C
and a pressure of 10 Mpa. The water
 eneters the pump as a saturated liquid B. 1197.10
at 1800C. If the power supplied to the C. 1093.45
pump is 75 kW, determine the mass D. 1823.45
flow rate. Answer C
A. 6.23 kg/s 30. A steam power plant operates on the
B. 8.34 kg/s Rankine cycle. The steam enters the
C. 7.39 kg/s turbine at 7 Mpa and 5500C with a
D. 9.12 kg/s velocity of 30 m/s. It discharge to the
condenser at 20 kpa with a velocity of
25. A condenser receives steam from a 90 m/s. Calculate the net work in kW
turbine at 15 kPa, 90% quality, and for a flow of 37.8 kg/s. Answer D
with a velocity of 240 m/s. Determine A. 23.23 MW
the increase in circulating water B. 53.34 MW
required because of high pressure exit C. 34.22 MW
velocity if the steam flow rate is 38 D. 46.54 MW
kg/s and the cooling water temperature
31. A Carnot cycle uses steam as the
rise is120C with an inlet condition of
working substance and operates
300C. Answer D
between pressure of 7 Mpa and 7 kpa.
A. 11.23 kg/s
Determine the cycle thermal
B. 17.23 kg/s
C. 13.23 kg/s efficiency. Answer A
A. 44.17%
D. 21.78 kg/s
B. 54.23%
C. 34.23%
26. A steam generator has an exit enthalpy
D. 59.4%
of 3195.7 KJ/kg at the rate of 10 kg/s.
The enthalpy available at the turbine
32. A supercritical power plant generates
inlet is 3000 KJ/kg. Determine the heat
steam at 25 Mpa and 5600C. The
lost between boiler outlet and turbine
condenser pressure is 7.0 kpa.
inlet. Answer B
Determine the exit quality of steam if
A. 1957 kW
it expands through a turbine in this
B. -1957 kW
power plant. Answer D
C. 1873 kW
A. 45.66%
D. -1873 kW
B. 68.45%
C. 56.56%
27. A Rankine cycle has a turbine with
D. 74.26%
available enthalpy of 800 KJ/kg. The
pump has also 10 KJ/kg energy
33. Steam enters a turbine at 1.4 Mpa and
available. Find the net cycle output of
3200C. The turbine internal efficiency
the plant if mass flow rate is 5 kg/s.
is 70%, and the total requirement is
Answer B
800 kW. The exhaust is to the back
A. 2619 kW
pressure system, maintained at 175
B. 3950 kW
kpa. Find the steam flow rate. Answer
C. 8745 kW
A
D. 4234 kW
A. 2.62 kg/s
B. 4.23 kg/s
28. A Rankine cycle, the steam is
C. 3.23 kg/s
extracted from the turbine at 2 Mpa
D. 5.34 kg/s
and 250 0C for feedwater heating and it
is mixed with condenser exit at 30 Kpa BOILERS
after pumping. Find the fraction of
vapor extracted from the turbine. 1. The heating surface are of water tube
Answer A boiler is 200 m2, what is the equivalent
A. 0.23464 rated boiler horsepower? Answer D
B. 0.19338 A. 217 Hp
C. 0.5632 B. 2365.93 Hp
D. 0.3855 C. 200 Hp
D. 219.78 Hp

29. An adiabatic turbine in a steam 2. The rated boiler horsepower of a fire

generating plant receives steam at a tube boiler is 500 Hp. What is the
pressure of 7.0 Mpa and 5500C and heating surface area of the boiler?
exhausts at 20 kPa. The turbine inlet is Answer D
3 m higher than the turbine exit, the A. 500 m2
inlet steam velocity is 15 m/s and the B. 300 m2
exit is 300 m/s. Calculate the turbine C. 400 m2
work in KJ/kg. Answer B D. 550 m2
A. 1297.45
3. A water tube boiler has a heating A stocker fired boiler of 175,000 kg/hr
surface area of 500 m2. For a steaming capacity uses this coal as
developed boiler hp of 825. Determine fuel. Calculate volume of air in m3/hr
the percent rating of the boiler. with air at 600F and 14.7 psia pressure
Answer C if boiler efficiency is 70% and FE =
A. 120.15% 1.10. Answer A
B. 160.15% A. 212,830 m3/hr
C. 150.15% B. 215,830 m3/hr
D. 300.15% C. 213,830 m3/hr
4. The factor of evaporation of boiler is D. 214,830 m3/hr
1.1 and a steam rate of 0.79 kg/sec.
What is the developed boiler 10. The following coal has the following
horsepower? Answer B ultimate analysis by weight:
A. 300 C = 70.5% H2 = 4.5%
B. 200 O2 = 6.0% N2 = 1.0%
C. 869 S = 3.0% Ash = 11%
D. 250 Moisture = 4%
A stocker fired boiler of 175,000 kg/hr
5. The percent rating of water tube boiler steaming capacity uses this coal as
is 200%, factor of evaporation of 1.08 fuel. Volume of air in m3/hr with air at
and heating surface area is 256 m2. 600F and 14.7 psia pressure. Weight in
Find the rate of evaporation. Answer metric tons of cal needed for 24 hours
A operation at rated capacity if boiler
A. 8,153.02 kg/hr efficiency is 70% and FE = 1.10.
B. 5,153.02 kg/hr Answer D
C. 7,200 kg/hr A. 503.443 Mtons
D. 8,500.46 kg/hr B. 508.443 Mtons
C. 502.443 Mtons
6. The actual specific evaporation of a D. 504.443 Mtons
certain boiler is 10. Factor of
evaporation is 1.05. If the heating 11. Two boilers are operating steadily on
value of fuel is 30,000 KJ/kg, find the 91,000 kg of coal contained in a
boiler efficiency. Answer A bunker. One boiler is producing 1591
A. 60% kg of steam per hour at 1.2 factor of
B. 65% evaporation and an efficiency of 65%
C. 70% and another boiler produced 1364 kg
D. 79% of steam per hour at 1.15 factor of
evaporation and an efficiency of 60%.
7. The ASME evaporation units of a How many hours will the coal in the
boiler is 24,827,000 KJ/hr. The boiler bunker run the boilers if the heating
auxiliaries consume 1.5 MW. What is value of coal is 7590 Kcal/kg.Answer
the net boiler efficiency if the heat C
generated by the fuel is 30,000 KJ/kg? A. 220.8 hrs
Answer A B. 256.2 hrs
A. 64.75% C. 230.8 hrs.
B. 68.94% D. 453.3 hrs.
C. 62.76%
D. 68.54% 12. A steam generating plant consisting of
a boiler, an economizer and
8. A 100,000 kg of coal supplied two superheater generates superheated
boilers. One has a capacity of 150 steam at the rate of 50 tons/hr. Feed
kg/hr. How many days to consume the water enters the boiler at 5 Mpa and
available fuel if the other boiler 120 0C. Steam leaves the superheater at
consumes 200 kg/hr? Answer D 4.5 Mpa and 3200C. If the coal used
A. 5 days has a heating value of 30,000 KJ/kg,
B. 7 days calculate the number of tons of coal
C. 15 days fired per hour for a gross efficiency of
D. 12 days 85%. Answer A
A. 4.89
B. 6.34
9. The following coal has the following C. 5.34
ultimate analysis by weight: D. 45.5
C = 70.5% H2 = 4.5%
O2 = 6.0% N2 = 1.0%
S = 3.0% Ash = 11% 13. A water tube boiler has a capacity of
Moisture = 4% 1000 kg/hr of steam. The factor of
 evaporation is 1.3, boiler rating is
200%, boiler efficiency is 5%, heating
surface area is 0.91 m2/boiler Hp, and
the heating value of fuel is 18,400
Kcal/kg. The total coal available in the
bunker is 50,000 kg. Determine total
number of hours to consume the
available fuel. Answer D
A. 533.45
B. 743.12
C. 634.34
D. 853.26
14. A boiler operating at 11 kg/cm2 is
required to generate a minimum of
50,000 kj/hr of saturated steam. Feed
water enters the boiler at 80 0C.
Compute the fore coal at an average
rate 4,800 kg/hr and boiler efficiency
is 85%. Compute the minimum heating
value of local coal that could be used
in order to ensure the generation of
required steam. Answer B
A. 28,464
B. 29,977
C. 23,556
D. 30,976
15. A boiler operating at 11 kg/cm2 is
required to generate a minimum of
50,000 kg/hr of saturated steam. Feed
water enters the boiler at 80 0C. The
furnace is designed to fire coal at an
average rate 4,800 kg/hr and boiler
efficiency is 85%. Compute the
developed boiler horsepower. Answer
A C. 143.2 hp
A. 3462.56 hp
B. 1234.56 hp
C. 2345.67 hp
D. 4233.34 hp
16. A steam boiler generating 7.1 kg/s of
4.137 Mpa, 426.70-C steam is
continuously blown at the rate of 0.31
kg/sec. Feed water enters the
economizer at 149.90C. The furnace
burns 0.75 kg coal/sec of 30,470.6
KJ/kg higher heating value. Calculate
the overall thermal efficiency of steam
boiler. Answer C
A. 76.34%
B. 84.23%
C. 82.78%
D. 88.34%
STEAM ENGINE
1. A steam engine has 10% brake thermal
efficiency and delivers 750 kg/hr
steam. The enthalpy of engine entrance
is 2800 KJ/kg and condenser exit is
450 KJ/kg. Determine the brake power
of the engine. Answer C
A. 46 KW
B. 47 KW
C. 49 KW
D. 48 KW
2. The indicated efficiency of a steam
engine is 60%. The engine entrance is
2700 KJ/kg and exit is 2000 KJ/kg. If
steam consumption is 800 kg/hr and
mechanical efficiency is 90%, what is
the brake power of the engine?
Answer B
A. 55 KW
B. 84 KW
C. 65 KW
D. 70 KW
3. A steam engine has bore and stoke of
300 mm x 420 mm running at 250 rpm
has mean indicated pressure of the
engine is 400 Kpa. Determine the
indicate power. Answer D
A. 100 KW
B. 50 KW
C. 65 KW
D. 99 KW
4. The crank shaft of a double acting
steam engine rotates at 220 rpm. The
bore and stroke of the steam engine is
300 mm x 450 mm, and the mean
effective pressure acting upon the
piston is 4 kg/cm2. Find the indicated
horsepower developed in the cylinder.
Answer A
A. 122.7 hp
B. 110.3 hp
D. 176.3 hp
5. A steam engine develops 60 Bhp with
dry saturated steam at 1034.25 Kpa
absolute and exhaust at
124.11 Kpa. Steam consumption is
736.36 kg/hr. Calculate the indicated
engine efficiency based on 90%
mechanical efficiency. Answer D
A. 34.23%
B. 54.23%
C. 45.23%
D. 66.74%
6. A steam engine develops 60 Bhp with
dry saturated steam at 1034.25 Kpa
absolute and exhaust at
124.1 Kpa. Steam consumption is
736.36 kg/hr. calculate the thermal
efficiency of equivalent Rankine engine.
Answer A
A. 15.59%
B. 34.23%
C. 12.45%
D. 21.34%
7. A 350 mm x 450 mm engine running
at 260 rpm has an entrance steam
condition of 2 Mpa and 2300C and exit
at 0.1 Mpa. The steam consumption is
 2,000 kg/hr and mechanical efficiency 3.
is 88%. If indicated mean effective
pressure is 600 Kpa, determine the
brake thermal efficiency. Answer C
A. 23.34%
B. 18.34%
C. 14.66%
D. 27.34%
4.
8. A 350 x 450 mm engine running at 260
rpm has an entrance steam condition of
2 Mpa and 2300C and exit at 0.1 Mpa.
The steam consumption is 2,000 kg/hr
and mechanical efficiency is 88%. If
indicated mean effective pressure is
600 Kpa, determine indicated thermal
efficiency. Answer A
A. 16.66%
B. 34.23%
C. 12.34% 5.
D. 21.23%
9. Steam is admitted to the cylinder of an
engine in such a manner that the
average pressure is 120 psi. The
diameter of the piston is 10” and the
length of stroke is 12”. Answer D
A. 171.5
B. 175
C. 173.2
D. 174.4
STEAM TURBINE
6.
1. A steam turbine receives 5,000 kg/hr
of steam at 5 Mpa and 4000C and
velocity of 25 m/sec. It leaves the
turbine at 0.006 Mpa and 85% quality
and velocity of 20 m/sec. Radiation is
10,000 KJ/hr. Find the KW developed.
Answer C
A. 1273.29
B. 2173.29
C. 1373.29
D. 7231.29
2. An industrial power plant requires 1.5 7.
kg of dry saturated steam per second at
1650C for heating purposes. This
steam may be supplied from an
extraction turbine which receives
steam at 4 Mpa and 380 0C and is
exhaust to condenser at the rate of 0.8
kg steam per second at 0.0034 Mpa
while rejecting 1400 KW to the
cooling water. If mechanical-electrical
efficiency is 95% and that the heat loss
in the turbine casing is 10 KW, 8.
calculate the power generated by the
plant. Answer B
A. 2,126.44 KW
B. 1,556.50 KW
C. 3,123.34 KW
D. 4,344.33 KW
A steam turbine with 90% stage
efficiency receives steam at 7 Mpa and
5500C and exhausts as 20 Kpa.
Determine the turbine work. Answer A
A. 117 KJ/kg
B. 132 KJ/kg
C. 123 KJ/kg
D. 143 KJ/kg
A steam turbine with 90% stage
efficiency receives steam at 7 Mpa and
5500C and exhausts as 20 Kpa.
Determine the quality at exhaust.
Answer D
A. 87.45%
B. 76.34%
C. 82.34%
D. 91.69%
A small steam turbine power plant of
5,000 KW capacity has a full load
steam rate of 6 kg steam pwer KW-hr.
No load steam consumption may be
taken as 10% of the full load steam
consumption. Write the equations of
WILLANS LINE of this turbine and at
60% of rated load, calculate the hourly
steam consumption of this unit.
Answer C
A. 19,100 kg/hr
B. 19,300 kg/hr
C. 19,200 kg/hr
D. 19,400 kg/hr
Steam flows into a turbine at the rate
of 10 kg/sec and 10 KW of heat are
lost from the turbine. Ignoring
elevation and kinetic energy effects,
calculate the power output from the
turbine. Inlet enthalpy is 2739 KJ/kg
and exhaust enthalpy is 2300.5 KJ/kg.
Answer C
A. 4605 KW
B. 4973 KW
C. 4375 KW
D. 4000 KW
Steam entering the turbine has a rate of
10 kg/sec with enthalpy of 3400 KJ/kg
and 2600 KJ.kg at the exhaust. If 100
KW of heat is rejected from turbine
casing, what is the turbine work?
Answer A
A. 7900 kW
B. 7700 KW
C. 5600 KW
D. 5400 KW
A steam turbine of 6 MW capacity has
a Willian’s line equation of ms = 5.5L
+ 3,000 kg/hr. Determine the steam
consumption at 70% load. Answer C
A. 3564 kg/hr
B. 3546 kg/hr
C. 26,100 kg/hr
D. 58,000 kg/hr

9. A steam turbine has an entrance
enthalpy of 3050 KJ/kg. The exit has
2500 KJ/kg. Determine the actual
enthalpy after isentropic expansion if
stage efficiency is 90%. Answer B
A. 1255 KJ/kg
B. 2555 KJ/kg
C. 2500 KJ/kg
D. 2000 KJ/kg
10. Steam enters the turbine at the rate of
2.5 kg/sec with enthalpy of 3200
KJ/kg and exhaust enthalpy of 1100
KJ/kg. Steam is extracted from the
turbine at the rate of 1 kg/sec for
heating purposes with enthalpy of
2750 KJ/kg. What is the turbine work?
Answer D
A. 2000 KW
B. 2500 KW
C. 3000 KW
D. 3600 KW
11. A steam turbine has an entrance
enthalpy of 3400 KJ/kg and 2500
KJ/kg at exit. If generator generates
2430 KW and has 90% efficiency,
what is the mass of steam entering the
turbine? Answer D
A. 10,400 kg/hr
B. 10,600 kg/hr
C. 10,700 kg/hr
D. 10,800 kg/hr
12. Steam turbine in Rankine cycle has an
exhaust enthalpy of 2650 KJ/kg and
delivers 0.8 kg/sec of steam.
Determine the heat rejected from the
condenser if enthalpy at exit is 200
KJ/kg. Answer A
A. 1960 KW
B. 1940 KW
C. 1995 KW
D.1909 KW
GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT
1. Mass low rate of ground water in a
geothermal power plant is 1,500,000
kg/hr and the quality after throttling is
30%. Determine the brake power of
turbine if the change of enthalpy of
steam at inlet and outlet is 700 KJ/kg.
Answer B
A. 68.5 MW
B. 87.5 MW
C. 64.5 MW
D. 89.5 MW
2. Ground water of geothermal power
plant has an enthalpy of 700 KJ/kg and
at turbine inlet is 2,750 KJ/kg and
enthalpy of hot water in flash tank is
500 KJ/kg. What is the mass of steam
flow entering the turbine if mass flow
of ground water is 45 kg/sec? Answer
C
A. 3.27 kg/sec
B. 2.27 kg/sec
C. 4.27 kg/sec
D. 9.27 kg/sec
3. The enthalpy entering the turbine of a
geothermal power plant is 2750 KJ.kg
and mass rate of 1 kg/sec. The turbine
brake power is 1000 KW condenser
outlet has enthalpy of 210 KJ/kg. If
temperature rise of cooling water in
condenser is 80C, what is the mass of
cooling water requirement? Answer C
A. 44 kg/sec
B. 45 kg/sec
C. 46 kg/sec
D. 47 kg/sec
4. In a 12 MW geothermal power plant,
the mass flow of steam entering the
turbine is 26 kg/sec. The quality after
throttling is 25% and enthalpy of
ground water is 650 KJ/kg. Determine
the overall efficiency of the plant.
Answer D
A. 7.4%
B. 9.6%
C. 5.4%
D. 15.4%
5. A 16,000 KW geothermal plant has a
generator efficiency and turbine
efficiency of 90% and 80%,
respectively. If the quality after
throttling is 20% and each well
discharges 200,000 kg/hr, determine
the number of wells are required to
produce if the change in enthalpy at
the entrance and exit of turbine is 500
KJ/kg. Answer A
A. 4 wells
B. 5 wells
C. 6 wells
D. 8 wells
6. A geothermal power plant draws
pressurized water from a well at 20
Mpa and 3000C. To produce a steam
water mixture in the separator, where
the unflashed water is removed, this
water is throttled to a pressure of 1.5
Mpa. The flashed steam which is dry
and saturated passes through the steam
collector and enters the turbine at 1.5
Mpa and expands to 1 atm. The turbine
efficiency is 85% at a rated power
output of 10 MW. Calculate overall
plant efficiency. Answer A
A. 7.29%
B. 12.34%
C. 9.34%
D. 19.45%
 efficiency? Answer D
7. A flashed steam geothermal power A. 85.33%
plant is located where underground hot B. 65.88%
water is available as saturated liquid at C. 75.55%
700 Kpa. The well head pressure is D. 88.23%
600 Kpa. The flashed steam enters a
turbine at 500 Kpa and expands to 15 5. A 16-cylinder V-type diesel engine is
Kpa, when it is condensed. The flow directly coupled to a 5000 KW AC
rate from the well is generator. If generator efficiency is
29.6 kg/sec. Determine the power 90%, calculate the brake horsepower
produced in KW. Answer A of the engine. Answer A
A. 430.13 kg/s A. 7447 Hp
B. 540.23 kg/s B. 6468 Hp
C. 370.93 kg/s C. 8542 Hp
D. 210.34 kg/s D. 7665 Hp

8. A flashed steam geothermal power 6. Determine the brake power of the

plant is located where underground hot engine having a brake thermal
water is available as saturated liquid at efficiency of 35% and uses 250API
700 Kpa. The well head pressure is fuel consumption of 40 kg/hr. Answer
600 Kpa. The flashed steam enters a B or C
turbine at 500 Kpa and expands to 15 A. 165.84 KW
Kpa, when it is condensed. The flow B. 173.52 KW
rate from the well is C. 173.52 KW
29.6 kg/sec. Determine the cooling D. 160.67 KW
water flow in kg/sec if water is
available at 300 C and a 100C rise is 7. Determine the specific gravity of fuel oil
allowed through the condenser. having a heating value of 44,899.2
Answer KJ/kg. Answer D
A. 0.90
B. 0.80
DIESEL POWER PLANT C. 0.877
D. 0.893
1. Determine the indicated mean
effective pressure of an engine in psi 8. A 500 KW diesel engine operates at
having a brake mean effective pressure 101.3 Kpa and 270C in Manila. If the
of 750 Kpa and 80% mechanical engine will operate in Baguio having
efficiency. Answer A 93 Kpa and 230C, what new brake
A. 136 psi power will developed if mechanical
B. 137 psi efficiency is 85%? Answer C
C. 138 psi A. 600 KW
D. 140 psi B. 754 KW
C. 459 KW
2. Determine the friction power of an D. 971 KW
engine if the frictional torque
developed is 0.3 KN.m running at 9. What is the displacement volume of
1200 rpm. Answer B 300 mm x 4400 mm, 4 – stroke, 1200
A. 40.6 KW rpm, 8 cylinder diesel engine? Answer
B. 37.7 KW B
C. 36.5 KW A. 0.243 m3/sec
D. 50.3 KW B. 2.262 m3/sec
C. 5.75 kg/sec
3. What is the power developed in the D. 1.25 m3/sec
cylinder if indicated thermal efficiency
is 44%, the engine uses 0.05 kg/sec
fuel with heating value of 44,000 10.What is the friction horsepower of a
KJ/kg? Answer C 300 KW diesel engine having a
A. 1000 KW mechanical efficiency of 86%?
B. 775 KW Answer D
C. 968 KW A. 86.5 Hp
D. 588 KW B. 87.5 Hp
C. 90.5 Hp
4. A 750 KW diesel electric plant has a D. 65.5 Hp
brake thermal efficiency of 34%. If the
heat generated by fuel is 9,000,000 11.Determine the output power of a diesel
KJ/hr, what is the generator power plant if the engine and generator
 efficiency is 83% and 95%, 18.What torque is developed by the 300
respectively. The engine uses 250API KW engine running at 900 rpm? Answer
fuel and has a fuel consumption of C
0.08 kg/sec. Answer D A. 2.65 KN.m
A. 2795 KW B. 6.85 KN.m
B. 8642 KW C. 3.18 KN.m
C. 9753 KW D. 5.65 KN.m
D. 2815 KW
19.What is the mechanical efficiency of a
12.Determine the piston speed of a 250 mm diesel engine if friction power is 30
x 300 mm diesel engine running at 1200 KW and brake power of 150 KW?
rpm. Answer B Answer B
A. 6 m/sec A. 85.55%
B. 12 m/sec B. 83.33%
C. 18 m/sec C. 65.44%
D. 5 m/sec D. 75.88%

13.Determine the speed of a 6-pole 20.A 3 MW diesel engine consumes 240

generator of 60 hz. Answer C liters of 250API fuel generates 900
A. 600 rpm KW-hr. Determine the rate of fuel
B. 1000 rpm consumed by the engine. Answer A
C. 1200 rpm A. 0.2 kg/sec
D. 3600 rpm B. 0.4 kg/sec
C. 0.6 kg/sec
14.A 50 Bhp blast furnace engine uses D. 0.8 kg/sec
fuel with 10 ft3/Bhp-hrs. The heating
value of gas is 33,500 KJ/m3. 21.The indicated thermal efficiency of a
Determine the brake thermal two stroke diesel engine is 50%. If
efficiency. Answer D friction power is 3% of heat generated,
A. 80% determine the brake thermal efficiency
B. 50% of the engine. Answer D
C. 25.76% A. 33%
D. 28.31% B. 34%
C. 36%
15.The heat generated by fuel is 2500 D. 37%
KW. If the jacket water loss is 30%.
Determine the mass of water 22.During the dynamometer test of an
circulated in the engine if the engine for 1 hr steady load, the engine
temperature rise is 80C. Answer B consumes 40 kg fuel having 43,000
A. 20.5 kg/sec KJ/kg heating value. If the torque
B. 22.4 kg/sec developed is 2.5 KN-m during the test
C. 58.5 kg/sec at 600 rpm, what is the brake thermal
D. 12.3 kg/sec efficiency of the engine? Answer B
A. 31.22%
16.An engine-generator rated 9000 KVA B. 32.88%
at 80% power factor, 3 phase, 4160 V C. 55.77%
has an efficiency of 90%. If overall D. 25.99%
plant efficiency is 25%, what is the
heat generated by the fuel. Answer B 23.A waste heat recovery boiler generates
A. 18,800 KW 250 kg/hr with hs – hf = 2300 KJ/kg.
B. 28,800 KW What is the exhaust loss from the
C. 7500 KW engine if the actual heat developed is
D. 20,000 KW 35%? Answer C
A. 492.6 KW
B. 365.7 KW
17.A 4-strok, 8 cylinder diesel engine C. 456.4 KW
with bore and stroke of 9 in. x 12 in, D. 845.4 KW
respectively and speed of 1000 rpm
has a break mean effective pressure of 24.What maximum power that can be
165 psi. Determine the engine brake delivered by the 2000 KW engine at
horsepower. Answer D 3000 ft elevation considering the
A. 1753.34 Hp pressure effect alone? Answer D
B. 1850.34 Hp A. 1600 KW
C. 1950.34 Hp B. 1700 KW
D. 1272.34 Hp C. 1900 KW
D. 1800 KW

25.A 1000 KW diesel engine operates at
an altitude of 1500 m elevation.
Considering the pressure effect alone,
find the power developed by the
engine at higher elevation? Answer D
A. 753 KW
B. 823 KW
C. 345 KW
D. 983 KW
26.The piston speed of an engine running
at 1200 rpm is 12 m/s. Find the stroke
of the engine in inches. Answer C
A. 15.74 mm
B. 16 in
C. 300 mm
D. 15.75 in
27.The density of air entering the engine
is 1.176 kg/m3 has a volume flow rate
of 0.375 m3/sec. If the air fuel ratio is
21, find the mass flow rate of fuel.
Answer B
A. 0.10 kg/sec
B. 0.02 kg/sec
C. 0.30 kg/sec
D. 0.40 kg/sec
28.A diesel engine develops a torque of 5
KN-m at 1800 rpm. If the brake
thermal efficiency is 31%, find the
heat generated by the fuel. Answer B
A. 3050.25 KW
B. 3040.25 KW
C. 3000.25 KW
D. 5000 KW
29. In a diesel engine the fuel is injected
at 6.5% of the stroke, the clearance
volume is 10% of the stroke. Find the
cut-off ratio. Answer B
A. 1.80
B. 1.65
C. 1.70
D. 1.40
30.A 373 KW (500 Hp) internal
combustion engine has a break mean
effective pressure of 551.5 Kpa at full
load. What is the friction power if
mechanical efficiency is 85%? Answer
A is 280 rpm with an indicated mean
A. 88.23 hp
B. 97.33 hp
C. 56.34 hp
D. 76.23 hp
31.A 4-stroke 394 mm bore and 534 mm
stroke single acting diesel engine with
four cylinders is guaranteed to deliver
350 Bhp at 300 rpm. The engine
consumed 66.8 kg/hr of fuel with a
heating value of 44,251 KJ/kg.
Calculate indicated mean effective
pressure in Kpa if mechanical
efficiency is 89%. Answer A
A. 450.8 kpa
B. 234.5 kpa
C. 345.6 kpa
D. 643.2 kpa
32.A 305 mm x 457 mm four stroke
single acting diesel engine is rated at
150 KW at 260 rpm. Fuel consumption
at rated load is 0.26 kg/KW-hr with a
heating value of 43,912 KJ.kg.
Calculate brake thermal efficiency.
Answer A
A. 31.53%
B. 27.45%
C. 45.34%
D. 54.23%
33.A four-stroke, 8 cylinder Diesel engine
with bore and stroke of 9 inches and
12 inches, respectively and speed of
950 rpm has a brake effective pressure
of 164 psi. The specific fuel
consumption is 0.39 lb/bhp-hr and fuel
heating value is 18,500 Btu/lb.
Determine thermal efficiency. Answer
A
A. 35.27%
B. 45.23%
C. 38.23%
D. 54.23%
34.A dynamometer test was done for one
hour at steady load on a 6 cylinder
diesel engine. It was found to use 42
kg of fuel having Qh = 42,000 J/g.
Cylinder is 22.8 cm x 27.2 cm, 4-
cycle type.
Speed, 550 rpm and dynamometer
torque at 27000 kg-cm. Determine the
brake thermal efficiency. Answer A
A. 31.13%
B. 43.22%
C. 35.34%
D. 45.32%
35.A certain diesel engine with the
following classification, 8 cylinder,
400 mm x 600 mm, four stroke cycle
has a fuel consumption of 0.6 lbs/hp-hr
based on 19,100 Btu/lb. Engine speed
effective pressure 130 psi. If the jacket
water carries away an estimated 25%
of the heat supplied, find its capacity
(gpm) required if the allowable rise is
400F. Answer C
A. 234
B. 873
C. 242
D. 292
36.When the pressure is 101.325 Kpa and
temperature is 270C, a diesel engine
has the full-throttle characteristics
listed:
Brake power = 275 KW
Brake specific fuel consumption = 0.25 kg/KW-hr
Air fuel ratio = 22
Mechanical efficiency = 88%
If the engine is operated at 84.5 Kpa and
temperature of 15.50C, find the brake
specific fuel consumption kg/kwh.
A. 0.294
B. 0.862
C. 0.423
D. 1.08
37.Find the power which a 2.5 MW
natural gas engine can develop at an
altitude of 1981.2 meters taking into
consideration the pressure and
temperature change. Answer: B
A. 2.34 MW
B. 1.912 MW
C. 2.56 MW
D. 1.67 MW
38.A 119 KW, six cylinder, 589 mm x
711 mm, 225 rp, four stroke diesel
engine has a fuel consumption of 0.23
kg/KWh based on 44,099 KJ/kg fuel
(heating value). A waste heat recovery
boiler recovers 35% of the exhaust
loss. Jacket water loss are estimated at
30%. Assume losses due to friction,
etc. at 8%. Calculate the quantity of
136 Kpa steam that can be produced in
kg/hr, if jacket water at 70 oC is used
for boiler feed. Answer: A
A. 439.4 kg/hr
B. 623.4 kg/hr
C. 543.32 kg/hr
D. 984.45 jg/hr
39.A 2000 KW diesel engine unit uses
1bbl oil per 525 KWH produced. Oil is
25 oAPI. Efficiency of generator 93%,
mechanical efficiency of engine 80%.
What is the thermal of engine on
indicated power(%)?Answer:C
A. 31.69
B. 29.47
C. 39.60
D. 35.60
40.A waste heat recovery boiler produces
4.8 Mpa (dry saturated) steam from
104 °C feedwater. The boiler
receives energy from 5 kg/sec
of 954°C dry air. After passing
through a waste heat boiler,
the temperature if the air has
been reduce to 343°C. How
much steam in kg produced
per second? Note: Ar 4.80 Mpa
dry saturated, h = 2796.
A. 1.3
B. 0.92
C. 2.1
D. 3.4
41.A diesel electric plant supplies energy
for Meralco. During a 24 hour period,
the plant consumed 200 gallons of fuel
at 28°C and produced 3930 KW-hr.
Industrial fuel used is 28°API and was
purchased at P5.50 per liter at 15.6°C.
What is the cost of fuel be to produce
one KW-hr? Answer: A
A. P1.05
B. P1.10
C. P1.069
D. P1.00
42.A single-acting, four cylinder, 4 stroke
cycle diesel engine with a bore x
stroke of 21.59 x 27.94 cm, operating
at 275 rpm, consumes 8.189 kg/hr of
fuel whose heating value is 43,961.4
KJ/kg. The indicated mean effective
pressure is 475.7 kpa. The load on the
brake arm, which is 93.98 cm is 113.4
kg. What is the brake mean effective
pressure in Kpa? Answer: A
A. 415.20
B. 124.17
C. 319.95
D. 645.33
43.A supercharged six-cylinder four
stroke cycle diesel engine of 10.48 cm
bore and 12.7 cm stroke has a
compression ratio of 15. When it is
tested on a dynamometer with a 53.34
cm arm at 2500 rpm, the scale reads
81.65 kg 2.86 kg of fuel of 45,822.20
KJ/kg heating value are burned during
a 6 min test, and air metered to the
cylinder at the rate of 0.182 kg/sec.
Find the brake thermal
efficiency.Answer: 0.327
A. 0.327
B. 0.67
C. 0.307
D. 0.357
44.In a double acting, 2 stroke
compression ignition engine, 8-
cylinder, the diameter of the cylinder
is 700 mm, stroke is 1350 mm and the
piston rod diameter is 250 mm. When
running at 108 rpm, the indicated
mean effective pressure above and
below the piston are 5.80 abr and 4.90
bar respectively. Calculate the brake
power of the engine with a mechanical
efficiency of 80% in
kilowatts.Answer: B
A. 6050
B. 6030
C. 6010
D. 6070
45.In a test laboratory, it was found out
that of the 80 Bhp developed by an
engine on the test, 45 Ho are absorbed
by the cooling water that is pumped
through the water jacket and the
radiator. The water enters the top of
 the radiator at 200°F. At that B. 60%
temperature, enthalpy of the water is C. 65%
168.7 Btu/lb. Water leaves the bottom D. 70%
of the radiator at 190°F and with an
enthalpy of 158.03 Btu/lb. What is the 50.A single acting, 8 cylinder, 4 stroke
water flow rate fir a steady-state cycle diesel engine with a bore to
oeration? Answer: C stroke of 15.24 cm x 22.86 cm,
A. 25 gpm operates at 1200 rpm. The load on the
B. 20 gpm brake arm which is 101.60cm is 120
C. 23 gpm kg. What is the brake mean effective
D. 24 gpm pressure in Kpa?Answer: A
A. 450.5 kpa
46.A sic cylinder, four stroke diesel B. 455.5 kpa
engine with 76 mm bore x 89 mm C. 445.5 kpa
stroke was run in the laboratory at D. 495.5 kpa
2000 rpm, when it was found that the
engine torque was out. The engine 51.A six cylinder four stroke diesel with
consumed 76 mm bore and 89 mm stroke was run
12.2 kg of fuel per hour with heating in the laboratory at 2000 rpm. The
value of 54,120 KJ/kg and 252.2 kg of engine consumed 137.4 kg of air at
air at 15.6°C per hour. Determine the 15.5°C per hour. Determine the
indicated power.Answer: B volumetric efficiency of air
A. 32.1 kw only.Answer: D
B. 38.4 kw A. 69.84%
C. 23.3 kw B. 88.32%
D. 48.3 kw C. 92.54%
D. 77.23%
GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT
1. An air-standard Braytin cycle has a
47.A waste heat recovery boiler receives pressure ratio of 12. Find the thermal
energy from 10 kg/s of 950°C hot efficiency of the cycleAnswer: B
gases from a diesel engine. The exit A. 34.23%
temperature of hot gases (Cp = 1.0) has B. 50.83%
been reduced tp 250°C. Steam is C. 56.32%
produced at 5 Mpa (dry saturated) D. 65.23%
from 95°C feedwater. How much
steam in kg is produced per hour? At 5 2. An air standard Braytin cycle has an
Mpa, hg = 2794.3 KJ/kgAnswer: A air leaving the high-temperature heat
A. 10,515 exvhanger at 850°C and leaving the
B. 10,155 turbine at 310°C. What is the thermal
C. 11,055 efficiency?Answer: C
D. 11,515 A. 42.21%
B. 23.34%
48.A six cylinder, four stroke cycle diesel C. 48.08%
engine has an engine thermal D. 56.34%
efficiency of 34%. The engine was
tested on a dynamometer with a 23 in 3. An air standard Brayton cycle has a
arm, running at 1800 rpm, the scale pressure ratio of 8. The air properties
reads 210 lbs. During the 15 min test, at the start of compression are 100 kpa
the engine uses fuel with 28°API and and 25°C. The maximum allowable
air metered to the cylinder at the rate temperature is 1100°C. Determine the
of 0.201 kg/s. Find the fuel net work.Answer: A
consumption during the 15 min A. 373.24 KJ/kg
test.Answer: C B. 283.45 KJ/kg
A. 6.33 liters C. 321.34 KJ/kg
B. 5.97 liters D. 398.23 KJ/kg
C. 6.83 liters
D. 8.97 liters 4. The air standard Brayton cycle has a
49.A3 MW diesel electric power plant net power output of 100 kw. The
uses 3700 gallons in a 24 hour period. working substance is air, entering the
Oil is 25°API. What is the thermal compressor at 30°C, leaving the high-
efficiency if the engine based on temperature heat exchanger at 750°C
indicated power if the generator is and leaving the turbine 300°C.
90% efficiency and 95% mechanical Determine the mass flow rate of
efficiency is assumed?Answer: B air.Answer: A
A. 55% A. 1698 kg/hr
 B. 1756 kg/hr
C. 1543 kg/hr
D. 2344 kg/hr
5. The compressor for an actual gas
turbine requires 300 KJ/kg of work to
quadruple the inlet pressure. The inlet
air temperature is 100°C. Determine
the compressor air exit
temperature.Answer: D
A. 234°K
B. 542°K
C. 653°K
D. 673°K
6. The compressor for an actual gas
turbine requires 300 KJ/kg of work to
quadruple the inlet pressure. The inlet
air temperature is 100°C. Determine
the compressor efficiency.Answer: C
A. 34.56%
B. 53.23%
C. 60.42%
D. 76.34%
7. An ideal gas turbine operates with a
pressure ratio of 8:1 and temperature
limits of 20°C and 1000°C. The energy
input I the high temperature heat
exchanger is 200 Kw. Determine the
air flow rate.Answer: B
A. 560 kr/hr
B. 970 kg/hr
C. 873 kg/hr
D. 453 kg/hr
8. In an air standard Brayton cycle the
compressor inlet conditions are 100
kpa and 280°K. The turbine inlet
conditions are 1000 Kpa and 1167°K.
The turbine produces 11,190Kw.
Determine the air flow rate.Answer: A
A. 20 kg/s
B. 25 kg/s
C. 30 kg/s
D. 35 kg/s
9. An air standard Brayton cycle has air
enters the compressor at 27°C and 100
kpa. The pressure ratio is 10 and the
maximum allowable temperature in
the cycle is 1350°K. Determine the
cycle efficiency per kilogram of
air.Answer: A
A. 48.20 %
B. 51.34 %
C. 45.23 %
D. 65.23 %
10. An air standard Brayton cycle has air
enters the compressor at 27°C and 100
Kpa. The pressure ratio is 10 and
maximum allowable temperature is
1350°K. The compressor discharges
and the turbine inlet. Determine
thermal efficiency of the cycle per
kilogram of air.Answer: C
A. 34.23%
B. 43.23%
C. 30.50%
D. 27.23%
11. A gas turbine working on an air
standard Brayton cycle has air enter
into the compressor at atmospheric
condition and 22°C. The pressure ratio
is 9 and the maximum temperature in
the cycle is 1077°C. Compute for the
cycle efficiency per kg of air in
percent.Answer:D
A. 44.85%
B. 43.92%
C. 41.65%
D. 46.67%
12. In a gas turbine unit, air enters the
combustion chamber at 550 kpa,
277°C and 43 m/s. The products of
combustion leave the combustor at 511
kpa, 1004°C and 140 m/s. Liquid
fuelenters with a heating value of
43,000 KJ.kg. For fuel-air ratio of
0.0229, what is the combustir
efficiency of the unit in percent?
Answer: A
A. 79.8%
B. 76.5%
C. 85.2%
D. 69.8%
13. Air compressor of a gas turbine at 100
kpa and 300°K with a volume flow
rate of 5 m³/sec. The compressor
pressure is 10 and its isentropic
efficiency is 85%. At the inlet to the
turbine, the pressure is 950 kpa and the
temperature is 1400°K. The turbine
has an isentropic efficiency of 88%
and the exit pressure is 100 Kpa. On
the basis of air standard analysis, what
is the thermal efficiency of the cycle in
percent?Answer: C
A. 42.06
B. 60.20
C. 31.89
D. 25.15
HYDRO-ELECTRIC PLANT
1. A hydro-electric power plant
consumes 52,650 KW-hrs per annum.
Expected flow is 1665 m³/min and
overall efficiency is 65%. What is the
net head?Answer: D
A. 30 m
B. 31 m
C. 32 m
D. 34 m
2. Ina a hydro-electric power the tail
water level fixes at 480 m. The net
head is 27 m and head loss is 4% of
the gross head. What is the head water
elevation?Answer: B
A. 500.34 m
B. 508.12 m
 C. 456.34 m C. 650.5 KW
D. 567.34 m D. 780.5 KW
3. The available flow of water is 25 m³/
sec at 30 m elevation. If a hydro- 9. For a generator running at 300 rpm and
electric plant is to be installed with 60Hz, find the number of generator
turbine efficiency of 85% and poles.Answer: A
generator efficiency of 90%, what A. 24 poles
maximum power that the plant could B. 8 poles
generate?Answer: C C. 18 poles
A. 4658.5 KW D. 20 poles
B. 3478.5 KW
C. 5628.5 KW 10. The penstock if hydro-electric plant is
D. 4756.5 KW 0.5 x 0.5 m with velocity of 5.5 m/sec
has a head of 20 m. What is the output
4. For a proposed hydro-electric plant, of the turbine if the turbine efficiency
the tail water and head elevation is 160 is 87%?Answer: D
m and 195 m, respectively. If available A. 845.32 KW
flow is 10 m³/sec and head loss of 5% B. 789.34 KW
of water available head. What is the C. 654.56 KW
water power?Answer: A D. 234.56 KW
A. 3261.8 KW
B. 4254.6 KW 11. A 4m x 0.5m channel has water
C. 5874.5 KW velocity of 5 m/sec. If the head is 100
D. 2456.5 KW m, what is the annual energy produced
if overall efficiency is 70%?Answer:
5. The flow of a river is 20 m³/sec and C
produces a total brake of 6,000 KW. If A. 40,456,000 KW-hrs
it is proposed to install two turbines B. 34,456,345 KW-hrs
each has 85% efficiency, what is the C. 60,154,920 KW-hrs
available head?Answer: A D. 54,867,234 KW-hrs
A. 35 m
B. 37 m 12. In Francis turbine, the pressure gage
C. 39 m leadig to the turbine casing reads 380
D. 36 m Kpa and center of spiral casing is 3 m
above the tailrace. If velocity of water
6. Two turbines generates a total power entering the turbine is 8 m/sec, what is
of 5000 KW. If one unit is thrice the the net head of the turbine?Answer: D
capacity of the other, find the capacity A. 30 m
of smaller unit.Answer: A B. 35 m
A. 1250 KW C. 40 m
B. 3450 KW D. 45 m
C. 2456 KW
D. 5763 KW 13. A turbine has a mechanical efficiency
of 95%, volumetric efficiency if 97%
and total efficiency of 80%, If
effective head is 40 m, find the total
head.Answer: D
A. 48.72 m
B. 40.72 m
7. In a hydro-electric plant the brake C. 46.72 m
power is 1800 KW running at 450 rpm D. 34.72 m
and net head of 30 m. Determine the
specific speed of the turbine.Answer: 14. A Pelton type turbine has 30 m head
D friction loss of 4.5 m. The coefficienct
A. 60.29 rpm of friction head loss(from Moorse) is
B. 65.29 rpm 0.00093 and penstock length of 80 m.
C. 75.29 rpm What is the penstock diameter?
D. 71.29 rpm Answer: D
A. 1234 mm
8. The specific speed of turbine is 75 rpm B. 3476 mm
and running at 450 rpm. If the head is C. 677 mm
20 m and generator efficiency is the D. 1686 mm
maximum power delivered by the
generator.Answer: C 15. From a height of 65 m water flows at
A. 450.5 KW the rate of 0.85 m³/s and is driving a
B. 345.5 KW turbine connected to 160rpm
 generator. If frictional torque is 540 N-
m, calculate the turbine brake
power.Answer: A
A. 533 KW
B. 677 KW
C. 455 KW
D. 488 KW
16. What is the turbine output and
delivering 1 m³/sec in a hydro-electric
power plant if turbine efficiency is
88%%?Answer: A
A. 863.28 KW
B. 734.28 KW
C. 167.34 KW
D. 492.34 KW
17. In an 8,000 KW hydro-electric plant
the over-all efficiency is 88% and the
actual power receive by the customer
is 110,000 KW-hrs for that day. What
is the secondary power could this plant
deliver during the entire day?Answer:
A following data: Elevation of normal headwater
A. 58,960 KW-hrs
B. 60,960 KW-hrs
C. 65,960 KW-hrs
D. 70,960 KW-hrs
18. At a proposed hydroelectric plant site,
the average elevation of headwater is
600 m, the tailwater elevation is 480
m. The average annual water flow is
determined to be equal to the volume
flowing through a rectangular channel
4 m wide and 0.5 m deep and average
velocity of 5.5 m/sec. Assuming that
the plant site can develop if the
hydraulic turbine that will be used has
an efficiency of 80% and generator
efficiency of 92%. Consider a
headwork loss of 4% of the available
head.Answer: A
A. 76,854,851
B. 65,234,556
C. 75,234,455
D. 82,456,677
19. In Maria Christina Hydroelectric
Project, the available head is 140 m;
the water flow is one cubic meter per
second; efficiency of the turbine is
95%; efficiency of the generator is
95%, three phase, 60cycle, voltage
delivered is 4160 V. Determine yearly
income of the plant if the cost of the
generated electric energy is P0.60 per
Kwh.Answer: C
A. P5,234,567
B. P7,385,678
C. P6,514,778
D. P9,354,677
20. A Pelton type was installed 30 m
below the head gate of the penstock.
The head loss due to friction is 15% of
the given elevation. The length of
penstock is 80 m and coefficient of
friction is 0.00093. Determine the
power output in KW.Answer: D
A. 12,273
B. 13,234
C. 12,345
D. 12,493
21. From a height if 65 m, water flows at
the rate of 0.85 m³/sec and is driving a
water turbine connected to an electric
generator revolving at 160 rpm.
Calculate the power developed by the
turbine in KW if the total resisting
torque due to friction is 540 N-m and
the velocity of the water leaving the
turbine blades is 4.75 m/sec.Answer:
B
A. 753
B. 523
C. 635
D. 833
A proposed hydro-electric power plant has the
surface = 194 m Elevation of normal tailwater
surface = 60 m
Loss of head due to friction = 6.5 m
Turbine discharge at full gate opening = 5 m³/sec
Turbine efficiency at rated capacity = 90%
Turbine is to be connected to a
60 cycle AC generator.
Find the number of poles of the
generator?Answer: B
A. 6
B. 10
C. 8
D. 12
22. A Francis turbine is installed with a
vertical draft tube. The top of the draft
is 1 m below the centerline of the
spiral casing while the tail race water
level is 3 m from the top of the draft
tube. There is no velocity of whirl at
the top or bottom of the draft tube and
leakage are negligible. The elevation
of water from the reservoir to the
centerline of the turbine casing is 50
m, and water velocity at the inlet is 5
m/sec. Discharge is 2.5 m³/sec,
hydraulic efficiency is 86%. Overall
efficiency if 83%. Determine the
reading of a pressure gage(in psi) if
one is installed at the penstock just
before the water inlet to the
turbine.Answer: A
A. 69.35
B. 74.33
C. 56.34
D. 92.45
23. A Francis turbine is installed with a
vertical draft tube. The top of the draft
is 1 m below the centerline of the
spiral casing while the tail race water
 level is 3 m from the top of the draft
tube. There is no velocity of whirl at
the top or bottom of the draft tube and
leakage are negligible. The elevation
of water from the reservoir to the
centerline of the turbine casing is 50
m, and water velocity at the inlet is 5
m/sec. Discharge is 2.5 m³/sec,
hydraulic efficiency is 86%. Overall
efficiency if 83%. Determine the
mechanical efficiency of the turbine.
Answer: C
A. 76.23%
B. 83.45%
C. 95.51%
D. 64.34%
24. A remote community in Mountain
Province plans to put up a small
hydro-electric plant to service six
closely located barangays estimated to
consume 52,650,000 KW-hrs per
annum. Expected flow if water is 1665
m³/min. The most favorable location
for the plant fixes the tail water level
at 480 m. The manufacturer of turbine
generator set have indicated the
following performance data: turbine
efficiency 87%; generator efficiency is
92%; loss in head work not exceed
3.8% of available head. In order to
pinpoint the most suitable area for the
dam, determine the head water
elevation.Answer: D
A. 234 m
B. 842 m
C. 345 m
D. 509 m
25. A hydro-electric plant has a 20 MW
generator with an efficiency of 96%.
The generator is directly coupled to a
vertical Francis type hydraulic turbine
having an efficiency of 80%. The total
gross head on the turbine is 150 m
while the loss of head due to friction is
4% of the gross head. The runaway
speed is not to exceed 750 rpm.
Determine the flow of water through
the turbine in cfs.Answer: A
A. 651
B. 534
C. 763
D. 827
26. A hydro-electric plant has a 20 MW
generator with an efficiency if 96%.
The generator is directly coupled to a
vertical Francis type hydraulic turbine
having an efficiency of 80%. The total
gross head on the turbine is 150 m
while loss head due to friction is 4% of
the gross head. The runaways speed is
not to exceed 750 rpm. Determine the
rated speed of the turbine.Answer: C
A. 300
B. 500
C. 400
D. 600
27. Water flows steadily with a velocity of
3.05 m/s in a horizontal pipe having a
diameter of 15.24 cm. At one section
of the pipe, the temperature and
pressure of the water are 21°C and
689.3 Kpa, respectively. At a distance
of 304.8 m downstream. The pressure
is 516.9 kpa. What is the friction
factor?Answer: C
A. 0.134
B. 0.0050
C. 0.0189
D. 0.641
28. A hydroelectric generating unit station
is supplied from a reservoir of capacity
6,000,000 m³ at a head of 170 m.
Assume hydraulic efficiency of 80%
and electrical efficiency 90%. The fall
in the reservoir level after a load is 15
MW has been supplied for 3 hours, if
the area of the reservoir is
2.5 sq. Km is closet to:Answer: A
A. 5.39 cm
B. 4.32 cm
C. 5.98 cm
D. 4.83 cm
29. A pelton wheel is to be designed to rin
at 300 rpm under an effectice head of
150 m. The ratio of the nozzle
diameter of the pitch circle is 1/12.
Assuming efficiency of 84%, what is
the size of the wheel in meters.
Assume a speed ratio of 0.45.Answer:
C
A. 1.05
B. 2.00
C. 1.55
D. 2.86
30. A Francis turbine is installed with a
vertical draft tube. The total head to
the center of the spiral casing at the
inlet is 38 m and velocity of water at
the inlet is 5 m/sec. The discharge is
2.1 m³/sec. The hydraulic efficiency is
0.87 and overall efficiency is 0.84. The
top of draft tube is 1m(water) below
the centerline of the spiral casing while
the tailrace (water) level is 3m from
the top of the draft tube. Neglected
velocities of whirl and leakage losses.
What is the total head on the turbine in
meters?Answer: B
A. 34.72
B. 43.27
C. 55.20
D. 48.12
31. A hydro-electric plant discharges
water at the rate of 0.75 m³/sec and
enters the turbine at 0.35 mps with a
pressure of 275 Kpa. Runner inside
 diameter is 550 mm, speed is 520 rpm
and the turbine efficiency is 88%. Find
the turbine speed factor.Answer: A
A. 0.638
B. 0.386
C. 0.368
D. 0.836
32. A hydraulic turbine receives water
from a reservoir at an elevation of 100
meters above it. What is the minimum
water kg/s to produce a steady turbine
output of 50 Mw?Answer: B
A. 50,247
B. 50,968
C. 50,672
D. 50,465
33. A hydro-electric plant having 50 sq.
km reservoir area and 100 m head is
used to generate power. The energy
utilized by the consumers whose load
is connected to the power plant during
a five- hour period is 13.5 x 10 6kwh.
The overall generation efficiency is
75%. Find the fall in the height of
water in the reservoir after the 5-hour
period.Answer: B
A. 2.13 m
B. 1.32 m
C. 3.21 m
D. 0.53 m
34. A reaction turbine develops 500 bhp.
Flow through the turbine is 50cfs.
Water enters at 20fps with a 100ft
pressure head. The elevation of the
turbine above the tail water level is 10
ft. Find the effective head.Answer: D
A. 130 ft
B. 120 ft
C. 110 ft
D. 116.2 ft
CHIMNEY
1. A boiler uses 2500 kg of coal per hour
and air required for the combustion in
16 kg per kg coal. If ash loss is 10%,
determine the mass of the gas entering
the chimney. Answer: A
A. 42,250 kg/hr
B. 78,300 kg/hr
C. 85,452kg/hr
D. 33,800 kg/hr
2. The gas density of chimney is 0.75
kg/m3 and air density of 1.15 kg/m3. If
the driving pressure is
0.25 Kpa, determine the height of
chimney. Answer: B
A. 54.6 m
B. 63.7 m
C. 74.6 m
D. 68.5 m
3. The actual velocity of gas entering in a
chimney is 8m/sec. The gas
temperature is 25°C and pressure of 98
Kpa with a gas constant of 0.287
KJ/kg-°K. Determine the chimney
diameter if mass of gas is 50,000
kg/hr. Answer: D
A. 1.57 m
B. 1.81 m
C. 3.56 m
D. 1.39 m
4. A coal fired steam boiler uses 3000 kg
of coal per hour. Air required for
combustion is 15.5 kg per kg of coal at
barometric pressure of 98.2 Kpa. The
flue has temperature of 285°C and an
average molecular weight of 30.
Assuming an ash loss of 11% and
allowable gas velocity of 7.5 m/sec,
find the diameter of chimney. Answer:
C
A. 2.0 m
B. 1.53 m
C. 1.91 m
D. 2.5 m
5. A power plant situated at an altitude
having an ambient air of 96.53 Kpa
and 23.88°C. Flue gases at a rate of 5.0
kg/sec enter the stack at 200°C and
leaves at 160°C. The flue gases
gravimetric analyses are 18% Co2, 7%
O2 and 75% N2. Calculate the height
of stack necessary for a driving
pressure of 0.20 Kpa. Answer: D
A. 59.56 m
B. 60. 15 m
C. 55. 83 m
D. 56.95 m
6. A power plant situated at an altitude
having air of 96.53 Kpa and 23.88°C.
Flue gases at a rate of
5.0 kg/sec enter the stack at 200°C and
leaves at 160°C. The flue gases
gravimetric analysis 18% Co2, 7% O2
and 75% N2. Calculate the diameter of
stack in meters for a driving pressure
of 0.20 Kpa.Answer: B
A. 0.50 m
B. 0.95 m
C. O.60 m
D. 1.15 m
7. A steam generator with economizer
and air heater has an overall draft loss
of 21.78 cm of water. If the stack gases
are at 177°C and if the atmosphere is
at 101.3 Kpa and 26°C, what
theoretical height of stack in meters is
needed when no draft fan are used?
Assume that the gas constant for the
flue gases is the same as that for air.
Answer: D
A. 565
B. 535
C. 545
 D. 550 top.Answer: B
8. If the actual draft required for a A. Above
furnace is 6.239 cm of water and the B. Below
frictional losses in the stack are 15% C. 1 m
of the theoretical draft, calculate the D. None of these
required stack height in meters.
Assume that the flue gas have an 5. The machine foundation must have a
average temperature of 149°C and factor safety of
molecular weight of 30. Assume air A. 3
temperature of 21°C.Answer: C B. 4
A. 215 C. 5
B. 230 D. 6
C. 220
D. 210 6. Foundations should be isolated from
floor slabs or building footings at
9.
A steam boiler plant consumes 9,000 least
kg of coal per hour and produces 20 kg eliminate transmission
of dry flue gases per kg of coal fired. vibration.Answer: B
Outside air temperature is 32°C, A. 20
average temperature of the flue gas B. 23
entering the chimney is 343°C and C. 30
average temperature of dry flue gas in D. 35
the chimney is 260°C. The gage fluid
density of 994.78 per m3 and the 7. Foundations are preferably built of
theoretical draft of 2.286 cm of H2O at concrete in the proportion of
the chimney base is needed when the A. 1:2:3
barometric pressure is 760 mm Hg. B. 1:3:3
Determine the height of the C. 1:2:5
chimney.Answer: A D. 1:2:4
A. 46
B. 50 8. The machine should not be placed on
C. 40 the foundation until 7 days have
D.56 elapsed or operated until another
MACHINE FOUNDATION days have passed.Answer: B
1. All heavy machinery should be A. 6
supported on of sufficient mass and B. 7
base area to prevent or minimize the C. 8
transmission of vibrations.Answer: C D. 10
A. Steel foundation
B. Wooden foundations
C. Solid foundations
D. Soil foundations
9. Concrete foundations should have
steel bar reinforcements placed both
2. Foundations mass should be from times vertically and horizontally, to avoid
the weight of the machinery it is Answer: B
supposed to support.Answer: A A. Damaging
A. 3 to 5 B. Thermal cracking
B. 5 to 7 C. Superheating
C. 4 to 6 D. Superposing
D. 1 to 2
10. The weight of reinforced steel in a
3. If the unbalanced inertia forces foundation should be from
produced by the machine can be weight of the foundation.Answer: A
calculated, a mass weight equal to A. ½% to 1%
times the forces should be used to B. 1% to 2%
dampen vibration.Answer: C C. 2% to 3%
A. 2 to 4 D. 3% to 4%
B. 5 to 6
C. 10 to 20 11. Foundation bolts of specified size
D. 10 to 15 should be used and surrounded by a
pipe sleeve with an inside diameter of
4. For stability, the total combined at least times
engine, driven equipment, and the diameter of the anchor
foundation center of gravity must be bolt.Answer: C
kept the foundation’s A. 1
 B. 2 B. 100
C. 3 C. 110
D. 4 D. 120

12. Foundation bolts length should be 20. The maximum unit pressure of turbine
at least times the diameter of and generator on the reinforced
the anchor bolt.Answer: D concrete should not exceed
A. 12 kg/cm2.Answer: A
B. 14 A. 17.62
C. 16 B. 15.34
D. 18 C. 19.34
D. 21.34
13. No foundation bolts shall be less than
21. For steam turbine foundations the
A. 10 concrete mixture should beAnswer: B
B. 12 A. 1:2:3
C. 14 B. 1:2:4
D. 16 C. 1:3:5
D. 1:2:2
14. Machine should be leveled by driving
wedges between the machine’s base 22. The steam turbine foundations should
and concrete foundation and with the be designed to support the machine
aid of a .Answer: load plus
A. Hose and water floor loads and dead loads.Answer: C
B. Try square A. 10%
C. Spirit level B. 15%
D. Level hose C. 25%
D. 50%
15. Grouting all spaces under the machine
bed with a thin mixture of one part 23. For diesel engines foundation the
cement and concrete mixture must be 1:2:4, and
part sand.Answer: A the broken stone or gravel must have a
A. 1 size of mm
B. 2 maximum.Answer: C
C. 3 A. 20
D. 4 B. 40
C. 50
D. 60

16. For foundation of stacks, the 24. In pouring a concrete mixture for
maximum pressure on the soil is foundation of diesel engine, it should
to the pressure due to weight and wind be poured
movement.Answer: C times.Answer: A
A. More than A. 1
B. Less than B. 2
C. Equal C. 3
D. None of the above D. 4

17. Guyed stacks seldom exceed 1.83 m 25. After pouring the foundation of diesel
diameter and m high.Answer: A engine, the tops should be covered and
A. 32.45 wet down twice daily until the forms
B. 36.34 are removed at the end of the
C. 43.23 day.Answer: A
D. 30.48 A. Third of fourth
B. Second or third
18. The angle between the stacks and the C. Fourth or fifth
guy wire usually degrees. Answer: D. None of these
B
A. 45 26. The diesel engine should not be placed
B. 60 on the foundation until 10 days have
C. 75 elapsed, nor operated until after
D. 90 another
days.Answer: D
19. The angle between wires in a set is A. 7
B. 8
A. 90 C. 9
 D. 10 maximum weight of the engine to be
mounted.Answer: C
27. The safe soul bearing pressure of diesel A. 8,234 kg
engine foundations isAnswer: B B. 6,455 kg
A. 2,600 kg/cm2 C. 9,736 kg
B. 4,890 kg/cm2 D. 12,344 kg
C. 5,633 kg/cm2
D. 2000 kg/cm2 35. A rectangular foundation cross-section
has a bed plate dimension of 4 ft x 8 ft.
28. The foundation depth may be taken The uniform clearance on each side is
as good practical rule, to be times 1 ft. The height of foundation is 2.5 ft.
the engine stroke.Answer: B If the weight of the steel bar
A. 2.3 to 4.5 reinforcements needed is ½% of
B. 3.2 to 4.2 weight of foundation, find the weight
C. 3.2 to 5.2 of steel bars. Use concrete density of
D. 5.2 to 6.2 2400 kg/m3.Answer: A
29. Anchor bolts should be a. 51 kg
embedded in concrete of at least b. 45 kg
diameter.Answer: C c. 65 kg
A. 10 d. 76 kg
B. 20
C. 30 HEAT TRANSFER
D. 40 times the bolt
1. A 15 cm thick wall has a thermal
30. What is the required base area of the conductivity of 5W /m-°K. If inside
foundation to support an engine with and outside surface temperature of the
specified speed of 1200 rpm and weight wall are 200°C and 20°C, respectively.
of 9,000 kg? Assume bearing capacity Determine the heat
of soil as 47.867 kpa. Use e = transmitted.Answer: A
0.11Answer: A A. 5.67 KW/m2
A. 5.57 m2 B. 4.68 KW/m2
B. 8.87 m2 C. 8.87 KW/m2
C. 7.75 m2 D. 6.87 KW/m2
D. 10.5 m2

31. A foundation measures 3m x 4m x 5m.
Find the yd3 of stone needed for a
concrete mixture of 1:2:4.Answer: D
A. 65.34
B. 56.45
C. 78.48
D. 69
32. A foundation measures 10ft x 12 ft 15
ft. Find the number of sacks of cement
needed for 1:2:4. MixtureAnswer: B
A. 300
B. 400
C. 350
D. 450
33. A machine foundation has a trapezoidal
cross-sectional with bases of 2m and 3m.
The height is
1.5 m and foundation length of 4m. Find
the required yd3 of sand to be used for
1:2:4 mixture.Answer: D
A. 7.33
B. 12.4
C. 9.34
D. 8.63
34. A foundation has a weight equal to 4
times the weight of the engine. The
safe bearing pressure of soil is 60 kpa
and the foundation has a base
dimension of 2m x 4m. Find the
2. Two walls of cold storage plant are
composed of an insulating material (l
= 0.25 KJ/hr-m-°C), 100 mm thick at
the outer layer and material (l = 3.5
KJ/hr-m-°C), 15 cm thick at inner
layer. If the surface temperature at
cold side is 30°C and hot side is
250°C, find the heat transmitted per
square meter.Answer: A
A. 0.138 KW/m2
B. 0.450 KW/m2
C. 0.025 KW/m2
D. 0.065 KW/m2
3. Sea water for cooling enters a
condenser at 27°C and leaves at 37°C.
The condenser temperature is 45°C,
what is the log mean temperature
difference?Answer: B
A. 50.65°C
B. 12.33°C
C. 37.82°C
D. 80.54°C
4. Determine the thermal conductivity of
a material that uses a 2 m2 test panel,
25 mm thick with a temperature
difference of 10.8°F between the
surfaces. During the 5 hours test
period, the heat transmitted is 200
KJ.Answer: C
 A. 0.045 W/m-°K Cold gas temperature is 45°C
B. 0.560 W/m-°K Unit surface conductance on the hot side, 230
C. 0.023 W/m-°K W/m2-°K Unit surface conductance on the cold
D. 0.370 W/m-°K side, 290 W/m2-°K Thermal conductivity of the
metal wall, 115 W/m-°K
5. A steam pipe having a surface Find the maximum thickness of metal
temperature of 200 °C passes through wall between the hot gas and cold gas,
a room where the temperature is 27°C. so that the maximum temperature of
The outside diameter of pipe is 80 mm the wall does not exceed
and emissivity factor is 0.8 Calculate 545°C.Answer: C
the radiated heat loss for 3 m pipe A. 10 mm
length.Answer: A
B. 30mm
A. 1434.47 W
C. 20mm
B. 2746.35 W
C. 2756.57 W D. 40mm
D. 3546.45 W
11. An uninsulated steam pipe passes
through a room in which the air and
6. A counter flow heat exchanger is
walls are at 25°C. The outside
designed to heat fuel oil from 30°C to
diameter of the pipe is 70 mm, and its
90°C while the heating fluid enters at
surface temperature and emissivity are
140°C at 105°C. Determine the
200°C and 0.80, respectively. If the
arithmetic mean temperature
coefficient associated with free
difference.Answer: B
convection heat transfer from the
A. 72.5°C
surface to the air is 15 W/m 2-°K, what
B. 62.5°C
is the rate of heat loss from the surface
C. 45.5°C
per unit length of pipe? Answer: A
D. 67.5°C
A. 998 w/m2
B. 872 w/m2
7. A heat exchanger has an overall
C. 762 w/m2
coefficient of heat transfer of 0.50
D. 422 w/m2
KW/m2-°C. Heat loss is 11 KW and
the mean temperature difference is
12. A turbo-charged, 16 cylinder, Vee-type
15°C. What is the heat transfer are in
diesel engine has an air consumption
ft2?Answer: D
of 3,000 kg/hr per cylinder at rated
A. 51.80 ft2
load and speed. This air is drawn in
B. 37.30 ft2
through a filter by a centrifugal
C. 56.80 ft2
compressor directly connected to the
D. 15.80 ft2
exhaust gas turbine. The temperature
of the air from the compressor is
145°C and a counter flow air cooler
reduces the air temperature to 45°C
before it goes to the engine suction
8. Brine enters a circulating brine cooler
header. Cooling water enters air cooler
at the rate of 60 m3/hr at -10°C and
at 30°C and leaves at 38°C. Calculate
leaves at -16°C. Specific heat of brine
the log mean temperature
is 1.072 KJ/kg-°K and specific gravity
difference.Answer: A
of 1.1. Determine the tons of
A. 47°C
refrigeration.Answer: C
B. 87°C
A. 53.5 TR
C. 34°C
B. 65.3TR
D. 65°C
C. 33.5 TR
D. 44.5 TR
13. A turbo-charged, 16 cylinder, Vee type
diesel engine has an air consumption
9. A heat exchanger has a hot gas
of 3,000 kg/her per cylinder at rated
temperature of 300°C and surface
load and speed. This air is drawn in
conductance on hot side is 200 W/m2-
through a filter by a centrifugal
°K. If heat transmitted is 1000 W/m2,
compressor directly connected to the
what is the surface temperature on the
exhaust gas turbine. The temperature
wall at hot side?Answer: A
of the air from the compressor is
A. 295°C
145°C and a counter flow air cooler
B. 465°C
reduces the air temperature to 45°C
C. 234°C
before it goes to the engine suction
D. 354°C
header. Cooling water enters air cooler
at 30°C and leaves at 38°C. Calculate
10. A heat exchanger is to be designed for
the quantity of cooling water in m3/hr
the following specifications: Hot gas
required to cool the total requirements
temperature, 1145°C
 of the engine at rated load and
speed.Answer: A
A. 144
B. 136
C. 123
D. 165
14. An oil heater heats 100 kg per minute
of oil from 35°C to 100°C in a counter
flow heat exchanger. The average
specific heat of the oil is 2.5KJ/kg-°C.
Exhaust gases used for heating enter
the heater with an average specific heat
of 1 KJ/kg-°C, a mass flow rate of 250
kg/min and an initial temperature of
200°C. The overall heat transfer
coefficient is 75 W/m2-°C. Determine
heating surface in square
meters.Answer: D
A. 30
B. 63
C. 40
D. 36
15. A surface condenser serving a 50,000
KW steam turbo-generator unit
receives exhaust steam at the rate of
196,000 kg/hr. Vacuum in condenser is
702 mm Hg. Sea water for cooling
enters at 29.5°C and leaves at 37.5°C.
For steam turbine condensed as heat
given up to cooling water. Calculate
logarithmic mean temperature
difference in °F.Answer: C
A. 10
B. 14
C. 12
D. 16
16. A surface condenser serving a 50,000
KW steam turbo-generator unit
receives exhaust steam at the rate of
196,000 kg/hr. Vacuum in condenser is
702 mm Hg. Sea water for cooling
enters at 29.5°C and leaves at 37.5°C.
For steam turbine condenser design,
manufacturers consider 950 Btu/lb of
steam turbine condensed as heat given
up to cooling water. Calculate the
required quantity of cooling water in
cubic meters per hour.Answer: D
A. 10,374
B. 12,445
C. 11,345
D. 13,509
17. Calculate the energy transfer rate
across 6” wall of firebrick with a
temperature differences across the wall
of 50°C. The thermal conductivity of
the firebrick is 0.95 Btu/hr-ft-°F at the
temperature interest.Answer: B
A. 285 W/m2
B. 369 W/m2
C. 112 W/m2
D. 429 W/m2
18. Water is flowing in a pipe with radius
of 25.4 cm at a velocity of 5m/sec at
the temperature in the pipe. The
density and viscosity of the water are
as follows: density = 997.9 kg/sec,
viscosity =
1.131 Pa-s. What is the Reynolds
Number for this situation?Answer: A
A. 2241
B. 96.2
C. 3100
D. 1140
19. The hot combustion gases of a furnace
are separated from the ambient air and
its surrounding, which are at 25°C, by
a brick wall 0.15 m thick. The brick
has a thermal conductivity of 1.2 W/m-
°K and surface emissivity of 0.8.
Under steady state conditions and
outer surface temperature of 100°C is
measured. Free convection heat
transfer to the air adjoining this surface
is characterized by a convection
coefficient of 20W/m2-°K. What is the
brick inner surface temperature in °C?
Answer: B
A. 623.7
B. 352.5
C. 461.4
D. 256.3
20. Steam initially saturated at 2.05 Mpa,
passes through a 10.10 cm standard
steel pipe for a total distance of 152 m.
The steam line is insulated with a 5.08
cm thickness of 85% magnesia. For an
ambient temperature of 22°C, what is
the quality of the steam which arises at
its destination if the mass flow rate is
0.125 kg steam per second?
Properties of steam:
Pressure = 2.05 Temperature = 213.67 Enthalpy:
hf = 914.52 hfg = 1885.5
hg = 28000.0
k for 85% magnesia = 0.069 W/m-°K
fo for still air = 9.36 W/m-°KAnswer: A
A. 93%
B. 98%
C. 84%
D. 76%
21. Compute the amount of condensate
formed during 10 minutes warm-up of
150 meter pipe conveys the saturated
steam with enthalpy vaporization hfg =
1,947.8 LJ/kg.The minimum external
temperature of pipe is 2°C. The final
temperature of pipe is 195°C. The
specific heat of pipe material is 0.6
KJ/kg-°C. The specific weight is 28
kg/m.Answer: C
A. 249.69 kg
B. 982.45 kg
 C. 294.54 kg D. 10.0 KW
D. 423.45 kg
6. The suction condition of an air is 98
22. What is the heat transfer in the glass Kpa, 27°C and 0.2 m3/sec. If the
surface area of 0.7 m2 having an inside surrounding air is 100 Kpa and 20°C,
temperature (room) of 23°C and 13°C determine the free air capacity in
outside temperature (surrounding). The m3/sec.Answer: B
thickness of glass surface is 0.0007 m. A. 0.15
The thermal conductivity is 1.8 W/m- B. 0.19
°K.Answer: D C. 0.25
A. 5.8 kw D. 0.23
B. 3.6 kw
C. 6.2 kw 7. A 355 mm x 381 mm air compressor
D. 2.34 kw has a piston displacement of 0.1885 m
3
/sec. Determine the operating speed of
AIR COMPRESSOR the compressor.Answer: B
A. 250 rpm
1. An air compressor takes air at 100 Kpa B. 300 rpm
and discharges to 600 Kpa. If the C. 350 rpm
volume flow of discharge is 1.2 D. 600 rpm
m3/sec, determine the capacity of air
compressor.Answer: A 8. Determine the percent clearance of an
A. 4.32 m3/sec air compressor having 87% volumetric
B. 3.33 m3/sec efficiency and compressor air pressure
C. 6.85 m3/sec to be thrice the suction
D. 7.42m3/sec pressure.Answer: D
A. 5%
2. The discharge pressure of an air B. 7%
compressor is 5 times the suction C. 15%
pressure. If volume flow of suction is D. 11%
0.1 m3/sec, what is the compressor 9. The compressor work of an air
power assuming n = 1.35 and suction compressor is 100 KW. If the piston
pressure is 98 Kpa?Answer: B speed is 15 m 3/min, determine the
A. 21.67 KW mean effective pressure.Answer: C
B. 19.57 KW A. 200 Kpa
C. 25.87 KW B. 300 Kpa
D. 10.45 KW C. 400 Kpa
D. 600 Kpa
3. A 10 Hp motor is used to drive an air
compressor. The compressor 10. A double acting air compressor has
efficiency is 75%. Determine the 16 in x 7 in, 600 rpm has what
compressor work.Answer: A volume displacement?
A. 6.0 KW Answer: D
B. 6.5 KW A. 688 ft3/min
C. 7.6 KW B. 755 ft3/min
D. 5.6 KW C. 488 ft3/min
4. The initial condition of air in an air D. 977 ft3/min
compressor is 98 Kpa and 27°C and 11. A two-stage air compressor has a
discharges air at 400 Kpa. The bore
suction pressure of 14 psi and
and stroke are 355 mm and 381 mm, discharge pressure of 130 psig. What
respectively with percent clearance of
is the intercooler pressure in
5% running at 300 rpm. Find the Kpag.Answer: A
volume of air at suction.Answer: C
A. 209 Kpag
A. 600 m3/hr
B. 600 Kpag
B. 610 m3/hr
C. 477 Kpag
C. 620 m3/hr
D. 300 Kpag
D. 630 m3/hr
12. A two stage air compressor has an
5. An air compressor has a suction
intercooler pressure of 3 kg/cm2. What
volume of 0.25 m3/sec at 97 Kpa and
is the discharge pressure if suction
discharges to 650 Kpa. How much
pressure is 1kg/cm2?Answer: B
power saved by the compressor if there A. 3 kg/cm2
are two stages?Answer: A B. 9kg/cm2
A. 8.27 KW
C. 23 kg/cm2
B. 6.54 KW
D. 15 kg/cm2
C. 3.86 KW
13. The piston speed of an air compressor
is 140 m/min and has a volume
displacement of 0.2m3/sec. Determine
the diameter of compressor
cylinder.Answer: C
A. 500 mm
B. 358 mm
C. 467 mm
D. 246 mm
14. An air compressor piston displacement
is 5000 cm3 when operates at 900 rpm
and volumetric efficiency of 75%/
Determine the mass flow of air
standard density.Answer: B
A. 365.3 kg/hr
B. 243.5 kg/hr
C. 386 kg/hr
D. 465.2 kg/hr
15. A two-stage compressor air at 100 Kpa
and 22°C discharges to 690 Kpa. If
intercooler intake is 105°C, determine
the value of n.Answer: C
A. 1.400
B. 1.358
C. 1.345
D. 1.288
16. The piston displacement of a double
acting compressor running at 300 rpm
is 0.4 m3/sec. If bore and stroke are
unity, determine the length of
stroke.Answer: C
A. 350 mm
B. 380 mm
C. 371 mm
D. 400 mm
17. An air compressor takes air at 97 Kpa
at the rate of 0.5 m3/sec and discharge
500 Kpa. If power input to the
compressor is 120 KW, determine the
heat loss in the compressor.Answer: B
A. 26.5 KW
B. 18.55 KW
C. 30.45 KW
D. 22.36 KW
18. A single acting air compressor has a
volumetric efficiency of 87%, operates
at 500 rpm. It takes in air at 100 Kpa
and 30°C and discharges it at 600 Kpa.
The air handled is 6m3/min measured
at discharge condition. If compression
is isentropic, find mean effective
pressure in Kpa.Answer: D
A. 182
B. 983
C. 198
D. 204
19. A single acting reciprocating air
compressor has a clearance volume of
10%. Air is received at 90 Kpa and
90.3°C and is discharged at 600 Kpa.
The compression and expansion are
polytropic with n – 1.28. The pressure
drop is 5 Kpa at suction port and 10
Kpa at discharge port. The compressor
piston displacement is 500 cm3 when
operating 900 rpm. Determine the
mass of compressed air in
kg/hr.Answer: A
A. 16.76
B. 20.45
C. 98.33
D. 28.23
20. A single acting air compressor
operates at 150 rpm with an initial
condition of air at 97.9 Kpa and 27°C
and discharges the air at 379 Kpa to a
cylindrical tank. The bore and stroke
are 355 mm and 381 mm respectively,
with 5% clearance. If the surrounding
air is at 100 Kpa and 20°C while the
compression and expansion process
are PV1.3 = C, determine air capacity,
m3/secAnswer: A
A. 0.0919
B. 2.13
C. 1.23
D. 4.23
21. The piston displacement of a double
acting compressor is 0.358 m3/sec,
delivers gas from 101.
325 Kpa and 300 °K to 675 Kpa at the
rate of 0.166 m3/sec at 150 rpm. Value
of n for compression and expansion is
1.33. Find the compressor percent
clearance.Answer: A
A. 16.96
B. 14.23
C. 12.34
D. 18.44
22. The piston displacement of a double
acting compressor is 0.358 m 3/sec,
delivers gas from 101. 325 Kpa and
300°K to 675 Kpa at the rate of 0.166
m3/sec at 150 rpm. Value of n for
compression and expansion is 1.33.
Find the bore and stroke assuming
bore = stroke.Answer: D
A. 300 mm
B. 400mm
C. 350 mm
D. 450 mm
23. A 2-stage, double acting, L-type air
compressor 16” x 10” x 7”, 600 rpm,
has a free air unloader at each end for
capacity control. It is driven through
V-belts by a 150 Hp electric motor,
460 V, 3 phase, 60 Hz, 1200 rpm.
Barometric pressure is 125 psi gage.
Calculate piston displacement in
m3/hrAnswer: C
A. 562 m3/hr
B. 762 m3/hr
C. 649 m3/hr, 1661
 m3/hr transferred in the intercooler.Answer:
D. 833 m3/hr, 724 m3/hr A
A. 118.14 kw
24. A two-cylinder single-acting air B. 124.55 kw
compressor is directly coupled to an C. 233.34 kw
electric motor running at 1000 rpm. D. 187.34 kw
Other data are as follows:
Size of each cylinder = 150 mm x 200 mm 29. An air compressor is tested and it is
Clearance volume = 10% of displacement found that the electric motor used 37.3
Exponent (n) for both compression and re- kw when the compressor handled
expansion process = 1.6 Air constant = 1.4 0.189 m3/s of air at 101.4 kpa and 300
Air molecular mass M = 29 °K and discharged it at 377.1 kpa.
Calculate the volume rate of air delivery Determine the adiabatic
in terms of standard air for a delivery efficiency.Answer: C
pressure 8 times ambient pressure under A. 67.34%
ambient air conditions of 300 °K and 1 B. 76.34%
bar.Answer: D C. 81.89%
A. 2 m3/hr D. 92.34%
B. 4m3/hr
C. 3m3/hr 30. An air compressor is tested and it is
D. 5m3/hr found that the electric motor used 37.6
kw when the compressor handled
25. A two stage compressor with first 0.189 m3/s of air at 101.4 kpa and
stage piston displacement of 94390 300°K and discharged it at 377.1 kpa.
cm3/sec is driven by a motor. Motor Determine the isothermal
output is 35 Hp, suction temperature is efficiency.Answer: A
22°C, volumetric efficiency is 85%. A. 67.34%
Mechanical efficiency is 95%, the B. 76.34%
intercooler pressure is 30 psi gage. Air C. 81.89%
temperature in and out of the D. 67.48%
intercooler are 105°C and 44°C. Final
discharge pressure is 100 psi gage,
suction estimated
14.5 psi. Find the compression
efficiency.Answer: A
A. 77.60% 31. Calculate the volumetric efficiency of
B. 63.34% a single-cylinder, double acting
C. 87.34% compressor with a bore and stroke of
D. 98.23% 0.45 x 0.45 m. The compressor is
tested at 15- rpm and found to deliver
26. An air compressor is to compress 8.5 gas from 101.3 kpa and 300°K to 675
m3/min from 98.56 Kpa to 985.6 Kpa. kpa at a rate of 0.166 m3/s when n-
Assuming conditions are ideal, and 1.33 for expansion and compression
with n = 1.3, what will be the saving in process.Answer: A
work due to two staging?Answer: C A. 46.39%
A. Zero B. 56.23%
B. 4.6 KW C. 48.34%
C. 5.6 KW D. 74.23%
D. 3.5 KW
32. A reciprocating compressor with a 3%
27. A single stage air compressor handles clearance receives air at 100 kpa and
0.454 m3/sec of atmospheric pressure, 300°K and discharges it at 1.0 Mpa.
27°C air, and delivers it to a receiver at The expansion and compression are
652.75 Kpa. Its volumetric efficiency polytropic with n = 1.25. There is a
on an isothermal basis is 0.85 and its 5% pressure drop through the inlet and
mechanical efficiency is 0.90. If it outlet valves. Find the volumetric
operates at 350 rpm, what power in efficiency.Answer: B
KW is required to drive it?Answer: B A. 76.23%
A. 95 B. 82.50%
B. 112 C. 98.33%
C. 120 D. 65.33%
D. 100
33. A reciprocating compressor has a 5%
28. A two stage compressor receives 0.50 clearance with a bore and stroke of 25
kg/s of air at 120 kpa and 300°K and x 30 cm. The compressor operates at
delivers it at 7 Mpa. Find the heat 50 rpm. The air enters the cylinder at
 27°C and 96 kpa and discharges at friction loss at the suction is 0.8 m,
2000 kpa. If n = 1.3, determine the determine the total suction
compressor power.Answer: C head.Answer: A
A. 2.34 kw A. 5.30 m
B. 18.45 kw B. 2.30 m
C. 27.25 kw C. 6.30 m
D. 34.32 kw D. 8.23 m

34. A water-jacketed air compressor 3. A centrifugal pump requires 40 ft

handles 0.143 m3/s air entering at 96.5 head to deliver water from low
kpa and 21°C and leaving at 480 kpa level to higher level. If pump
and 132°C; 10.9 kg/h of cooling water speed is 1600 rpm, determine the
enters the jacket at 15°C and leaves at impeller diameter of the
21°C. Determine the compressor centrifugal pump.
power.Answer: A Answer: A
A. 26.163 kw A. 185 mm
B. 17.23 kw B. 160 mm
C. 34.44 kw C. 154 mm
D. 19.33 kw D. 176 mm

35. A 2-stage compressor operates 4. The suction pressure of a pump

between constant pressure limits of
98.6 kpa and 1.103 Mpa. The swept
volume of the low pressure piston is
0.142 m3. Due to failure of the cooling
water supply to the intercooler, air is
passed to the high pressure cylinder
without reduction in temperature.
Using PV1.2 = C, determine the
percentage increase in power.Answer:
C D. 9.4 KW
A. 26
B. 21 5.
C. 11
D. 16
36. An ideal-single stage air compressor
without clearance takes in air at a100
kpa with a temperature of 16°C and
delivered at 413 Kpa after isentropic
compression. What is the discharge
work done b the compressor in KJ/kg?
A. -59.22
B. -52.43
C. -54.75 6.
D. -56.13
Answer: -145 KJ/kg (no answer in the
given choices)
PUMPS
1. A double suction centrifugal
pumps delivers 70 ft3/sec of water
at a head of 12 m and running at
1250 rpm. What is the specific 7.
speed of the pump?Answer: D
A. 5014 rpm
B. 5453 rpm
C. 2345 rpm
D. 9968 rpm
2. The pump centerline of a
centrifugal pump is located 2.5 m
above from the high tide level. The
sea water varies two meters from 8.
high tide to low tide level. If
reads 2 in. of mercury vacuum and
discharge pressure reads 130 psi is
used to deliver 100 gpm of water
with specific volume of 0.0163
ft3/lb. Determine the pump
work.Answer: B
A. 4.6 KW
B. 5.7 KW
C. 7.4 KW
A pump is to deliver 150 gpm of
water at ahead of 120 m. If pump
efficiency is 70%, what is the
horsepower rating of motor
required to drive the pump?
Answer: D
A. 40.44 Hp
B. 25.66 Hp
C. 38.44 Hp
D. 21.33 Hp
A motor is used to d rive a pump
having an efficiency of 85% and
70 % respectively. What is the
combined efficiency of pump and
motor?Answer: A
A. 59.50%
B. 61.50%
C. 62.50%
D. 65.50%
In a boiler feed pump, the enthalpy
at the entrance is 765 KJ/kg. If
pump has a head of 900 m, what is
the exit enthalpy of the
pump.Answer: C
A. 897 KJ/kg
B. 465 KJ/kg
C. 774 KJ/kg
D. 864 KJ/kg
A submersible pump delivers 350
gpm of water to a height of 5 ft
 from the ground. The pump was
installed 120 ft below the ground
level and a draw down of 8 ft
during the operation. If water level
is 25 ft above the pump, determine
the pump power.Answer: C
A. 7.13 KW
B. 4.86 KW
C. 7.24 KW
D. 864 KW
9. Determine the number of stages
needed for a centrifugal pump if it
is used to deliver 400 gal/min of
water and pump power of 15 Hp.
Each impeller develops a head of
38 ft.
Answer: B
A. 6
B. 4
C. 8
D. 7
10. A boiler feed pump receives 50
li/sec of water with specific
volume of 0.00112 m 3/kg at ahead
of 750 m. What is the power
output of driving motor if pump
efficiency is 65%? Answer: A
A. 505.32 KW
B. 643.54 KW
C. 785.56 KW
D. 356.45 KW
what is the increase in power?
Answer: A
A. 2.72 KW
B. 17.72 KW
C. 56.45 KW
D. 5.67 KW
15. A certain pump is used to deliver
150 gpm of water having a density
of 61.2 lb/ft3. The suction and
discharge gage reads 4 in Hg
vacuum and 25 psi, repectively,
The discharge gage is 2 ft above
the suction gage. What is the brake
power of the motor if pump
efficiency is 75%?Answer: A
A. 3.24 Hp
B. 2.67 Hp
C. 5.45 Hp
D. 6.89 Hp
16. The discharge pipe of a pump is
400 mm in diameter delivers 0.5
m3/sec of water to a building
which maintains a pressure of 100
Kpa at a height of 30 m above the
reservoir. If equivalent head is 2m,
what power must be furnished by
the pump?Answer: A
A. 211 KW
B. 480 KW
C. 340 KW
D. 240 KW

11. What power can a boiler feed pump 17. A centrifugal pump is designed for
can deliver a mass of 35 kg/s water 1800 rpm and head of 61m.
at a head of 500 m? Determine the speed of impeller if
Answer: D diameter is reduces from 305 mm
A. 356.56 KW to 254 mm.Answer: C
B. 354.54 KW A. 1000 rpm
C. 456.64 KW B. 1250 rpm
D. 171.67 KW C. 1500 rpm
D. 1600 rpm
12. A pump running at 100 rpm
delivers water against a head of 30 18. Water from a reservoir A 10 m
m. IF pump speed will increase to elevation is drawn by a motor
120 rpm, what is the increase in driven pump to an upper reservoir
head?Answer: B B at 72m elevation. Suction and
A. 43.2 m discharge head loss are 0.15m,
B. 13.2 m respectively. For discharge rate of
C. 34.6 m 15li/sec, find the power input to
D. 56.3 m the motor if overall efficiency is
65%.Answer: C
13. A pump is used to deliver 50 li/sec A. 12.65 KW
of sea water at a speed of 120 rpm. B. 23.54 KW
If speed will increase to 135 rpm, C. 14.17 KW
determine the increase in pump D. 45.35 KW
capacity.Answer: D
A. 56.25 li/sec 19. The elevation of suction reservoir
B. 34.56 li/sec is 5m above the pump centerline
C. 87.54li/sec and delivers to 85m elevation tank
D. 6.260 li/sec which maintain 150 Kpa. If
1.5m3/sec of water is used to
14. A 15 KW motor running at 350 deliver a total head of 3m,
rpm is used to drive a pump. If determine the power needed by the
speed will be changed to 370 rpm, pump.Answer: A
 A. 1446 KW
B. 2546 KW
C. 4675 KW
D. 3456 KW
20. Water from a reservoir is pumped
over a hill through a pipe 900 mm
in diameter and a pressure of one
kg/cm2 is maintained at the pipe
discharge where the pipe is 85m
from the pump centerline. The
pump has a positive suction head
of 5m. Pumping rate of the pump
at 1000 rpm is 1.5 m3/sec. Friction
losses is equivalent to 3m of head
loss. What amount of energy must
be furnished by the pump in KW?
Answer: A
A. 1372 kw
B. 1523 kw
C. 1234 kw
D. 1723 kw
21. Water from a reservoir is pumped
over a hill through a pipe 450 mm
in diameter and a pressure of 1
kg/cm2 is maintained at the
summit. Water discharge is 30m
above the reservoir. The quantity
pumped is 0.5 m3/sec. Frictional
losses in the discharge and suction
pipe and pump is equivalent to
1.5m head loss. The speed of the
pump is 800 rpm what amount of
energy must be furnished by the
pump in KW?Answer: B
A. 202
B. 206
C. 204
D. 208
22. Water from an open reservoir A at
8m elevation is drawn by a motor-
driven pump to an open reservoir
B at 70m elevation. The inside
diameter of the suction pipe is
200mm and 150mm for the
discharge pipe. The suction line
has a loss of head three times that
of the velocity head in the 200 mm
pipe. The discharge line has a loss
of head twenty times that of the
velocity head in the discharge
pipeline. The pump centerline is at
4m. Overall efficiency of the
system is 78%. For a discharge
rate of 10li/sec, find the power
input to the motor and the pressure
gage reading installed just at the
outlet and inlet of the pump in
Kpag.Answer: D
A. 2.34 kw
B. 5.45 kw
C. 6.59 kw
D. 7.84 kw
23. A pump is to deliver 80 gpm of
water at 140°F with a discharge
pressure of 150 psig. Suction
pressure indicates 2 inches of
mercury vacuum. The diameter of
suction and discharge pipes are 5
inches, respectively. The pump has
an efficiency of 70%, while the
motor efficiency is 80%.
Determine power input to the drive
motor.Answer: D
A. 7.23 kw
B. 2.34 kw
C. 8.34 kw
D. 9.39 kw
24. Determine the water horsepower
and the mechanical efficiency of a
centrifugal water pump which has
an input of 3.5 Hp if the pump has
an 8 inches nominal size suction
and 6 inches nominal size
discharge if it handles 150 gpm of
water at 150°F. The suction line
gage shows 4” Hg vacuum and the
discharge gage shows 26 psi. The
discharge gage is located 2 feet
above the center of the discharge
pipe line and pump inlet and
discharge lines are at the same
elevation.Answer: A
A. 2.52 hp
B. 6.33 hp
C. 4.23 hp
D. 8.34 hp
25. A boiler feed pump receives 40
liters per second at 4 Mpa and
180°C. It operates against a total
head of 900 m with an efficiency
of 60%. Determine the enthalpy
leaving the pump in
KJ/kgAnswer: B
A. 783.45
B. 773.57
C. 756.23
D. 765.23
26. A boiler feed pump receives 40 liters
per second at 180°C. It
operates against a total head of
900 m with an efficiency of 60%.
Determine power output of the
driving motor in KW.Answer: D
A. 453.23
B. 623.34
C. 983.45
D. 523.27
27. A boiler feed pump receives 40
liters per second at 180°C. It
operates against a total head of
900m with an efficiency of 60%.
Determine discharge pressure in
Kpa for a suction pressure of 4
 Mpa.Answer: A
A. 11,850 kpa
B. 13,455 kpa
C. 12,566 kpa
D. 14,233 kpa
28. A boiler feed pump receives 45
li/sec of water at 190°C and
enthalpy of 839.33 KJ/kg. It
operates against a head of 952m
with efficiency of 70%. Estimate
the water leaving temperature
assuming that the temperature rise
as due to the inefficiency of the
input energyAnswer: A
A. 191°C
B. 143°C
C. 123°C
D. 165°C
29. A submersible, multi-stage,
centrifugal deep well pump 260
gpm capacity is installed in a well
27 feet below the static water
level. Drawdown when pumping at
rated capacity is 10 feet. The pump
delivers the water into a 25,000
gallons capacity overhead storage
tank. Total discharge head
developed by pump, including
friction in piping is 243 feet.
Calculate brake horsepower
required to drive the pump if pump
efficiency is 70%.Answer: C
A. 31.31
B. 41.41
C. 21.21
D. 51.51
30. A submersible, multi-stage,
centrifugal deep well pump 260
gpm capacity is installed in a well
27 feet below the static water level
and running at 3450 rpm.
Drawdown when pumping at rated
capacity overhead storage tank.
Total discharge head developed by
pump, including friction in piping
is 243 feet. Calculate the diameter
of the impeller of this pump in
inches if each impeller diameter
developed a head of 38 ft.Answer:
A B. 112
A. 3.28
B. 5.33
C. 4.23
D. 6.34
31. A double suction, single stage,
centrifugal pump delivers 900
m3/hr of sea water(SG = 1.03)
from a source where the water
level varies two meters from high
tide to low tide level. The pump
centerline is located 2.6 meters
above the surface of the water at
high tide level. The pump
discharges into a surface
condenser, 3m above pump
centerline. Loss of head due to
friction in suction pipe is 0.8m and
that in the discharge side is 3m.
Pump is directly coupled to a 1750
rpm, 460 V, 3 phase, 60 Hz motor.
Calculate the specific speed of
pump in rpm.Answer: B
A. 3131 rpm
B. 5151 rpm
C. 4141 rpm
D. 6161 rpm
32. A pump driven by an electric
motor moves 25 gal/min of water
from reservoir A to reservoir B,
lifting the water to a total of 245
feet. The efficiency of the pump
and motor are 64% and 84%
respectively. What size of
motor(HP) is required?Answer: B
A. Hp
B. 3 Hp
C. 4 Hp
D. 7.5 Hp
33. Water is pumped at 1m3/sec to an
elevation of 5m through a flexible
hose using a 100% efficiency
pump rated at 100 KW. Using the
same length of hose, what size of
motor is needed to pump 1 m 3/sec
of water to a tank with no
elevation gain? In both cases both
ends of hose are at atmospheric
pressure. Neglect kinetic
energy.Answer: A
A. 51 KW
B. 18 KW
C. 43 KW
D. 22 KW
34. A vacuum pump is used to drain a
flooded mine shaft of 20°C water.
The pump pressure of water at this
temperature is 2.34 Kpa. The
pump is incapable of lifting the
water higher than 10.16m. What is
the atmospheric pressure?Answer:
D
A. 109
C. 98
D. 101.9
35. It is desired to deliver 5 gpm at a
head of 640m in a single stage
pump having specific speed not to
exceed 40. If the speed is not to
exceed 1352 rpm, how many
stages are required? Answer: D
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 2
36. The rate of flow of water in a
pump installation is 60.6 kg/sec.
The intake static gage is located
1.22m below the pump center line
and reads 68.95 Kpa gage; the
discharge static gage is 0.61m
below the pump centerline and
reads 344.76 Kpa gage. The gages
are located close to the pump as
much as possible. The areas of the
intake and discharge pipes are
0.093 m2 and 0.069 m2,
respectively. The pump efficiency
is 70%. Take density of water
equals 1000 kg/m3. What is the
hydraulic power in KW?Answer:
A C. 791
A. 17.0
B. 24.5
C. 31.9
D. 15.2
37. Water in rural areas is often
extracted from underground water
source whose free surface is 60m
below ground level. The water is
to be raised 5m above the ground
by a pump. The diameter of the
pipe is 10 cm at the inlet and 15
cm at the exit. Neglecting any heat
interaction with the surroundings
and frictional heating effects, what
is the necessary power input to the
pump for a steady flow of water at
the rate of 15 li/sec in KW if pump
efficiency is 85%?Answer: D
A. 9.54
B. 5.343
C. 7.82
D. 11.23
38. A pump lifts water at a rate of 283
lps from a lake and force it into a
tank 8m above the level of the
water at a pressure of 137 kpa.
What is the power required in
kilowatts.Answer: C
A. 71
B. 41
C. 61
D. 51
39. A pump receives 8kg/s of water at
220 Kpa and 110°C and
discharges it at 1100 kpa.
Compute for the power required in
kilowatts.Answer: C
A. 8.126
B. 5.082
C. 7.041
D. 6.104
40. A fuel pump is delivering 10
gallons per minute of oil with a
specific gravity of 0.83. The total
head is 9.14m, find how much
energy does the pump consumes in
KJ per hour.
Answer: A
A. 169
B. 19
C. 189
D. 179
41. A pump discharges 150 liters per
second of water to a height of 75
meters. If the efficiency is 75%
and the speed of the pump is 1800
rpm, what is the torque in N-m to
which the drive shaft is subjected?
Answer: B
A. 771
B. 781
D. 681
42. A pump with a 400 mm diameter
suction and a 350 mm diameter
discharge pipe is to deliver 20,000
liters per minute of 15.6°C water.
Calculate the pump head in meters
if suction gage is 7.5cm below
pump centerline and reads 127mm
Hg vacuum and discharge gage is
45cm above the pump centerline
and reads 75 kpa.Answer: D
A. 15 m
B. 5 m
C. 20 m
D. 10 m
43. A centrifugal pump delivers
300,000 liters per hour of water to
a pressurized tank whose pressure
is 280 kpa. The source of water is
5m below the pump. The diameter
of the suction pipe is 300mm and
the discharge pipe is 250mm.
Calculate the kw rating of the
driving motor assuming the pump
efficiency to be 72%.Answer: D
A. 41.75 kw
B. 35.75 kw
C. 43.26 kw
D. 38.16kw
44. A centrifugal pump delivers 80
liters per second of water on test.
Suction gage reads 10 MM Hg
vacuum and 1.2 meters below
pump centerline. Power input is 70
kw. Find the total dynamic head in
meters. Answer: A
A. 66
B. 60
C. 62
D. 64
45. A pump delivers 500 gpm of water
against a total head of 200 ft and
operating at 1770 rpm. Changes
have increased the total head to
375 ft. At what rpm should the
 pump be operated to achieve the
new head at the same efficiency?
Answer: D
A. 2800 rpm
B. 3600 rpm
C. 3434 rpm
D. 2424 rpm
FANS AND BLOWERS
1. A fan whose static efficiency is
40% has a capacity of 60,000 ft3/hr
at 60°F and barometer of 30 in Hg
and gives a static pressure of 2 in
of water column on full delivery.
What size of electric motor should
be used to drive the fan?Answer:
B fan that has a total head of 110 m.
A. ½ Hp
B. 1 Hp
C. 2 Hp
D. 1 ½ Hp
2. A fan draws 1.42 m3 per second of
air at a static pressure of 2/54 cm
water through a duct 300mm
diameter and discharges it through
a duct of 275mm diameter.
Determine the static fan efficiency
if total fan mechanical is 70% and
air is measured at 25°C and 760
mm Hg.Answer: A
A. 50.11%
B. 54.34%
C. 65.37%
D. 45.34%
3. Find the air horsepower of an
industrial fan that delivers 25 m3/s
of air through a 900mm by
1200mm outlet. Static pressure is
127mm of water gage and air
density is 1.18 kg/m3.Answer: B
A. 65.35 Hp
B. 52.35 Hp
C. 60.35 Hp
D. 70.35 Hp
4. A boiler requires 90,000 m3/hr of
standard air. The mechanical
efficiency of fan to be installed is
65%. Determine the size of driving
motor assuming fan can deliver a
total pressure of 150mm of water
gage.Answer: A
A. 56.6 KW
B. 78.5 KW
C. 45.5 KW
D. 23.5 KW
5. At 1.2 kg/m3 air density a fan
develops a brake power of 100
KW. It operates at 98 Kpa and
32°C with the same speed, what is
the new brake power of the fan?
Answer: D
A. 68.4 KW
B. 36.7 KW
C. 67.5 KW
D. 93.3 KW
6. A fan has a suction pressure of
30mm water vacuum with air
velocity of 3m/sec. The discharge
has 150 mm of water gage and
discharge velocity of 7m/sec.
Determine the total head of fan if
air density is 1.2 kg/m3.Answer: B
A. 150 m
B. 152 m
C. 154 m
D. 156 m
7. A 50 KW motor is used to drive a
If fan efficiency is 70%, what is
the maximum capacity of the fan
using standard density of air?
Answer: A
A. 27 m3/sec
B. 29 m3/sec
C. 31 m3/sec
D. 33 m3/sec
8. A fan using standard air condition
can develop a static pressure head
of 310 mm water gage. If fan will
operate 93°C and 735 mm of Hg,
find the new static pressure
required.Answer: C
A. 150 mm water gage
B. 180 mm water gage
C. 241 mm water gage
D. 456 mm water gage
9. The total head of fan is 185m and
has a static pressure of 210 mm of
water gage, what is the velocity of
air flowing if density of air is 1.15
kg/m3?Answer: A
A. 6.85 m/sec
B. 3.45 m/sec
C. 4.75 m/sec
D. 8.54 m/sec
10. The volume flow of air delivered
by fan is 20 m3/sec and 180 mm
water gage. The density of air is
1.185 kg/m3 and motor power
needed to drive the fan is 44 KW.
What is the fan efficiency?
Answer: B
A. 70.26%
B. 80.26%
C. 75.26%
D. 90.26%
11. A fan is listed as having the
following performances with
standard air: Volume discharged =
120 m3/sec
Speed = 7.0 rps
Static pressure = 310 mm water gage Brake power
required = 620 KW
The system duct will remain the
 same and the fan will discharge
the same volume of 120 m3/sec of
air at 93°C and a barometric
pressure of 735 mm Hg when its
speed is 7.0 rps. Find the brake
power input and the static pressure
required.Answer: C
A. 231 mm water
B. 251 mm water
C. 241 mm water
D. 261 mm water
12. Air enters a fan through a duct at
velocity of 6.3 m/s and an inlet
static pressure of 2.5 cm of water
less than atmospheric pressure.
The air leaves the fan through a
duct a t a velocity of
11.24 m/s and a discharge static
pressure of 7.62 cm of water above
the atmospheric pressure. If the
specific weight of the air is 1.20
kg/m3 and the fan delivers 9.45
m3/sec, what is the fan efficiency
when the power input to the fan is
12.75 KW at the coupling?
Answer: A
A. 71.81%
B. 91.23%
C. 81.34%
D. 61.34%
13. A fan delivers 4.7 m3/sec at a static
pressure of 5.08 cm of water when
operating at a speed of 400 rpm.
The power input required is 2.863
KW. If 7.05 m3/sec are desired in
the same fan and installation, find
the pressure in cm of
water.Answer: C
A. 7.62
B. 17.14
C. 11.43
D. 5.08
14. A fan described in a D. 9.8 in
manufacturer’s table is rated to
deliver 500 m3/min at a static
pressure (gage) of 254 cm of water
when running at 250 rpm and
requiring 3.6 KW. If the fan speed
is changed to 305 rpm and air
handled were at 65% instead of
standard 21°C, find the power in
KW.Answer: D
A. 3.82
B. 5.08
C. 4.66
D. 5.68
15. Air is flowing in a duct with
velocity of 7.62 m/s and static
pressure of 2.16 cm water gauge.
The duct diameter is 1.22m, the
barometric pressure 99.4 Kpa and
the gage fluid temperature and air
temperature are 30°C. What is the
total pressure against which the
fan will operate in cm of water?
Answer: B
A. 3.25
B. 2.5
C. 3.75
D. 1.25
FLUID
1. A perfectventure with throat
diameter of 1.8 inches is placed
horizontally in a pipe with a 5 in
inside diameter. Eighty (80) lb of
water flow through the pipe each
second. What is the difference
between the pipe and venturi
throat static pressure?Answer: B
A. 29.9 lb/in2
B. 34.8 lb/in2
C. 5020 lb/in2
D. 72.3 lb/in2
2. What is the expected head loss per
mile of a closed circular pipe (17
in inside diameter), friction factor
of 0.03 when 3300 of water flow
under pressure?Answer: A
A. 38 ft
B. 3.580 ft
C. 0.007 ft
D. 0.64 ft
3. A rigid container is closed at one
end and measure 8 in diameter by
12 in long. The container is held
vertically and is slowly moved
downward until the pressure in the
container is 15.5 psia. What will
be the depth of the water surface
measure from the free water
surface? Answer: A
A. 22 in
B. 9.2 in
C. 12 in
4. The pressure drop across a turbine
is 25 psi. The flow rate is 55
gallons per minute. Calculate the
power output of the
turbine.Answer: A
A. 0.802 hp
B. 0.41 hp
C. 1.05 hp
D. 2.54 hp
5. Two tubes are mounted to the roof
of a car. One tube points to the
front of the car while the other
point to the rear. The tubes are
connected to a manometer filled
with fluid of specific gravity. 0.60.
When the height difference is 2
inches, what is the car’s speed?
Answer: C
A. 46 mph
 B. 43.8 mph C. 4.20 cm
C. 50 mph D. 5.87 cm
D. 62 mph
12. A 24 inches long rod floats
6. What is the density of a stone that vertically in water. It has a 1 sq. in.
weighs 19.9 lb (88 N) in air and cross section and has a specific
12.4 lb (55 N) in water? gravity of 0.6. What length L is
Answer: A submerged?Answer: A
A. 2,651.2 kg/m3 A. 14.4 in
B. 2,612.5 kg/m3 B. 2.4 in
C. 2,578.2 kg/m3 C. 9.6 in
D. 26,700 kg/m3 D. 18.0 in

13. Flow of water taking over in a

7. The flow rate of water through a
pipe having a velocity of 10 m/s.
cast iron pipe is 5000 GPM. The
Determine the velocity head of the
pipe is 1 ft and the coefficient of
water.Answer: B
friction f = 0.0173. What is the
A. 50.1 m
pressure drop over a 100 ft length
B. 5.1 m
of pipe? Answer: 5.404 ft of water C. 8.2 m
A. 337.26 lb/in2
D. 100m
B. 21.078 lb/in2
C. 337.26 lb/in2
14. The length of pipe is 168 meters.
D. 23.780 lb/in2
If the pressure drop is 50 Kpa for
every 30 meters, what is the total
8. Pressure drop across a turbine is
pressure drop?Answer: C
30 psi, the flow rate is 60 gpm.
A. 260 kpa
Calculate the power output of the
B. 300 kpa
turbine.Answer: B
C. 280 kpa
A. 0.41 hp
D. 100 kpa
B. 1.05 hp
C. 6.30 hp
15. Hydraulic efficiency 85%, find Q
D. 2.54 hp
in li/s. Power developed 10,500
9. The fluid in a manometer tube is kw under head of 320 m.Answer:
60% water and 40% alcohol (SG = A
0.8). What is the monometer fluid A. 3935
height difference if a 6.2 psi B. 3452
pressure is applied across the tow C. 3271
ends of a manometer?Answer: D D. 3623
A. 15.5 in
B. 186 in 16. A cylindrical pipe with water
C. 36 in flowing downward at 0.02 m3/s
D. 215 in having top diameter of 0.08,
bottom diameter of 0.04 and height
10. An air bubble rises from the of 1.5 m. Find the pressure
bottom of a well where the between the pipes. Answer: A
temperature is 25°C, to the surface A. 104 kpa
where the temperature is 27°C. B. 87 kpa
Find the percent increase in C. 120 kpa
volume of the bubble if the depth D. 143 kpa
of the well is 5m. Atmospheric
pressure is 101.528 17. A fluid that has a velocity of 18 m/s
Kpa.Answer:A will have an equivalent head of?
A. 49.3 Answer: A
B. 31.3 A. 16.51 m
C. 56.7 B. 12.44 m
D. 38.6 C. 18.34 m
D. 10.34 m
11. An empty, open can is 30 cm high
with a 10-cm diameter. The can, 18. Determine the size of pipe which
with the open end down, is pushed will deliver 5 liters of medium oil
under water with a density of 1000 (v = 6.10 x 10-6 m 2/s) assuming
kg/m3. Find the water level in the laminar flow conditions.Answer:
can when the top of the can is 50 A
cm below the surface.Answer: B A. 522 mm
A. 17.20 cm B. 454 mm
B. 2.12 cm C. 550 mm
 D. 650 mm is:Answer: C
A. 45 kpa
19. The power available in a jet having B. 65 kpa
a cross-sectional area of 0.005 m 2 C. 83 kpa
with a velocity of 25.80 D. 92 kpa
m/s.Answer: C
A. 34 kw 26. A 200 mm diameter pipe gradually
B. 49 kw reduces to a 100 mm diameter.
C. 43 kw The 200 mm diameter pipe is
D. 23 kw connected to another pipe having a
pressure of 600 kpa horizontally
20. The type of flow occupying in a 30 with a flow of 0.04 m3/s. Find the
cm diameter pipe which water pressure at the 100 mm
flows at a velocity of 2.10 m/s. diameter.Answer: A
Use v = 1.13 x 10-6 m2/s for A. 588 kpa
water.Answer: A B. 642 kpa
A. Turbulent C. 566 kpa
B. Constant D. 598 kpa
C. Laminar 27. A 200 mm diameter pipe
D. None of these discharges water at the rate of 200
li/s. Point 1 on the pipe has a
21. A man weighing 64 kg causes a pressure of 280 kpa and 3.4 m
flat area 30 cm thick to be just below point 1 is point 2 with a
fully submerged in a sea water pressure of 300 kpa. Compute the
(SG = 1.03). Neglecting weight the head loss between points 1 and
area must be:Answer:D 2.Answer: D
A. 0.085 m2 A. 4.2 m
B. 0.756 m2 B. 2.5 m
C. 0.172 m2 C. 6.3 m
D. 0.062 m2 D. 1.4 m

22. What force is exerted by water jet 28. An object weighs 90 N in air and
50 mm diameter if it strikes a wall when immersed in water weighs
at the rate of 15 m/sAnswer: B 50 N. Compute the specific
A. 342 N gravity of the object.
B. 442 N A. 1.25
C. 764 N B. 3.25
D. 563 N C. 2.25
D. 4.25
23. A 300 mm x 75 mm venture meter
is inserted in a 300 mm diameter
pipeline where water flows at 55 REFRIGERATION
liters/s. Neglecting friction loss,
compute the drop in pressure head 1. The enthalpy at the entrance of the
from the inlet to the condenser is 1660 KJ/kg and exit
throat.Answer: A is 315 KJ/kg. The compressor has
A. 8 m an enthalpy of 1450 KJ/kg at
B. 10 m entrance. Determine the
C. 6 m COP.Answer: C
D. 12 m A. 4.2
B. 2.0
24. A jet of water 50 mm diameter C. 5.4
with a velocity of 35 m/s is being D. 6.0
discharged in a horizontal
direction from a nozzle mounted 2. An evaporator has a temperature of
on a fire truck. The force required 3°C with entrance enthalpy of
to hold the nozzle stationary 352.75 KJ/kg. At 3, hf =
is:Answer: B 319.56 KJ/kg and hg = 642.45 KJ/kg.
A. 1.34 KN Find the quality after
B. 2.40 KN expansion.Answer: D
C. 4.23 KN A. 16.27%
D. 3.23 KN B. 21.48%
C. 15.67%
25. An open storage vessel has 3 m of D. 10.27%
oil (SG = 0.82) and 6 m of water.
The pressure at the bottom 3. The refrigerating effect of 100
tons refrigeration is 117 KJ/kg.
 Determine the mass flow of B. 3.5
refrigerant.Answer: C C. 4.2
A. 1kg/sec D. 5.5
B. 2kg/sec
C. 3 kg/sec 10. An industrial plant requires
D. 4 kg/sec cooling 120 gal/min of water from
20°C to 5°C. Determine the tons
4. The density of R-12 refrigerant at of refrigeration required. Answer:
compressor suction is 19.81 kg/m3. D
For mass flow rate of 2 kg/sec, A. 100 TR
determine the volume flow at B. 130 TR
suction.Answer: A C. 145 TR
A. 0.10 m3/sec D. 135 TR
B. 0.25 m3/sec
C. 0.30 m3/sec 11. The difference in temperature
D. 0.40 m3/sec between the water leaving the
evaporator and evaporator
5. A 100 ton refrigeration system has a temperature is 5°C. If the
COP of 5. Determine the compressor temperature of water leaving is
horsepower. 32°F, what is the evaporator
Answer: A temperature?Answer: D
A. 94.26 Hp A. 0°C
B. 86.76 Hp B. -2°C
C. 86.76 Hp C. -4°C
D. 65.65 Hp D. -5°C
12. The heat rejected from condenser
6. A 90 ton refrigeration system has is 300 KW. The water required to
a compressor input of 0.97 KW cool the refrigerant is 5 li/sec.
per ton refrigeration and COP of 5. Determine the temperature of
What is the efficiency of the water leaving the condenser if
compressor?Answer: A water enters at 25°C.Answer: D
A. 72.49% A. 30°C
B. 90.42% B. 35°C
C. 56.34% C. 45.33°C
D. 83.33% D. 39.33°C

7. A 90 ton refrigeration system has 13. The mass flow of refrigerant

a compressor input of 0.97 KW entering the compressor is 0.1
per ton refrigeration. If kg/sec with change of enthalpy of
compressor efficiency is 75%, 400 KJ/kg. For compressor
determine the heat rejected from efficiency of 70% and motor
the condenser.Answer: D efficiency of 80%, find the
A. 350 KW electrical energy needed for one
B. 260 KW day.Answer: D
C. 500 KW A. 1524 KW-hr
D. 382 KW B. 1685 KW-hr
C. 3456 KW-hr
8. The mass flow rate of refrigerant D. 1714 KW-hr
entering the compressor is 0.25
kg/s and the change of enthalpy 14. An 80 ton refrigeration system
between the inlet and outlet is 320 requires 105 KW from VECO. If
KJ/kg. If 134 Hp motor is used to motor compressor efficiency is
drive the compressor, determine 60%, find the COP.Answer: C
the heat loss from the A. 5.84
compressor.Answer: B B. 3.56
A. 15 KW C. 4.46
B. 20 KW D. 3.78
C. 25 KW
D. 30 KW 15. The change of enthalpy between
the inlet and outlet of evaporator is
9. A 100 ton refrigeration system is 1000 KJ/kg and mass flow of
used to produce chilled water from refrigerant is 12 kg/min. What is
22°C to 2°C. Determine the the capacity of plant?Answer: C
volume flow of water in A. 15 TR
li/sec.Answer: C B. 25 TR
A. 3.0 C. 57 TR
D. 60 TR

16. The mass flow of water entering
the condenser is 10 kg/sec. If the
temperature difference between
inlet and outlet temperature is
18°F, determine the heat rejected
from the condenser.Answer: B
A. 400 KW
B. 419 KW
C. 500 KW
D. 324 KW
17. The change of enthalpy in the
condenser is 1500 KJ/kg. The
temperature change of water is
8°C and the refrigerant flow is
0.13 kg/sec. Determine the gpm of
water required for
cooling.Answer: A
A. 92 gpm
B. 88 gpm
C. 45 gpm
D. 67 gpm
18. The heat rejected from the
condenser is 200 KW. The mass
flow of water entering is 5 kg/sec
at 23°C. If the temperature
between the condenser cooling
water outlet and condenser
temperature is 5°C, what is the
condenser temp?Answer: D
A. 30.56°C
B. 39.94°C
C. 35.78°C
D. 37.67°C
19. The heat from the condenser of
Carnot refrigeration is 6000
KJ/min. The minimum and
maximum temperature is -25°C
and 72°C respectively. Determine
the horsepower required to drive
the compressor. Answer: C
A. 30 Hp
B. 35 Hp
C. 38 Hp
D. 42 Hp
20. The temperature difference
between the minimum and
maximum temperature of Carnot
cycle is 50°C. What is the
minimum temperature if COP is
5.5Answer: A
A. 0.31°C
B. 2°C
C. 3°C
D. 5°C
21. The power required to drive the
compressor in Carnot refrigeration
is 50 Hp. It operates between -5°C
and 40°C. Determine the tons of
refrigeration.Answer: D
A. 57 TR
B. 34 TR
C. 55TR
D. 63 TR
22. Determine the heat to be removed
from one ton of water at 26°C to an
ice at -6°C.Answer: B
A. 215,765 KJ
B. 413,956 KJ
C. 345,654 KJ
D. 834,582 KJ
23. The heat required to remove from
beef 110 kg is 36,437 which will be
cooled from 20°C to
-18°C. The specific heat above
freezing is 3.23 KJ/kg-°K and
latent heat of fusion is 233 KJ/kg.
If specific heat below freezing is
1.68 KJ/kg-°K, find the freezing
temperature.Answer: B
A. -5.65°C
B. -2.19°C
C. -1.01°C
D. -10°C
24. A refrigeration compressor has a
specific volume of 0.0482 m3/kg
entrance and 0.017 m3/kg at exit. If
volumetric efficiency is 90%,
determine the percent clearance of
the compressor.Answer: A
A. 5.45%
B. 6.35%
C. 10%
D. 12%
25. Milk must be received and cooled
from 80°F to 38°F in 5 hrs. If 4000
gallons of fresh milk received
having SG of 1.03 and cp = 0.935
Btu per lb-°F, find the refrigeration
capacity.Answer: C
A. 20 TR
B. 30TR
C. 22.5TR
D. 34.6 TR
26. An air-conditioning plant with a
capacity of 400 KW of
refrigeration has an evaporating
and condensing temperature of
3°C and 37°C respectively. If it
uses Refrigerant 12, what will be
the mass of flash gas per kg of
refrigerant circulated?Answer: A
A. 21.80%
B. 12.45%
C. 14.56%
D. 18.34%
27. An air-conditioning plant with a
capacity of 400 KW of
 refrigeration has an evaporating A. 92.31 kw
and condensing temperature of B. 76.24 kw
3°C and 37°C respectively. If it C. 87.23 kw
uses Refrigerant 12, what is the D. 98.23 kw
volumetric rate of flow under
suction condition?Answer: C 32. A vapor compression refrigeration
A. 0.272 m3/s system is designed to have a
B. 0.453 m3/s capacity of 100 tons of
C. 0.172 m3/s refrigeration. It produces chilled
D. 0.243 m3/s water from 22°C to 2°C. Its actual
coefficient of performance is 5.86
28. An air-conditioning system of a and 35% of the power supplied to
high rise building has a capacity of the compressor is lost in the form
350 KW of refrigeration; uses R- of friction and cylinder cooling
12. The evaporator and condenser losses. Determine the condenser
temperature are 0°C and 35°C, cooling water required in kg/sec
respectively. Determine work of for a temperature rise of
compression in KW.Answer: B 10°C.Answer: A
A. 34 KW A. 9.83
B. 52 KW B. 7.45
C. 43 KW C. 12.23
D. 65 KW D. 4.34

29. A vapor compression refrigeration 33. A belt driven compressor is used

system has a 30 KW motor driving
the compressor. The compressor
inlet pressure and temperature are
64.17 Kpa and 20°C respectively
and discharge pressure of 960
Kpa. Saturated liquid enters the
expansion valve. Using Freon 12
as refrigerant, determine the
capacity of the unit in tons of
refrigeration.Answer: D
A. 16.15 tons ref.
B. 20 tons ref.
C. 25 tons ref.
D. 17.14 tons ref
30. A simple vapor compression cycle
develops 15 tons of refrigeration
using ammonia as refrigerant and
operating at condensing
temperature of 24°C and
evaporating temperature of
-18°C and assuming compression
are isentropic and that the gas
leaving the condenser is saturated,
find the power per ton.Answer: D
A. 0.333 kw/ton
B. 0.533 kw/ton
C. 0.452 kw/ton
D. 0.702 kw/ton
31. A vapor compression refrigeration
system is designed to have a
capacity of 100 tons of
refrigeration. It produces chilled
water from 22°C to 2°C. Its actual
coefficient of performance is 5.96
and 35% of the power supplied to
the compressor is lost in the form
of friction and cylinder cooling
losses. Determine size of the
electric motor required to drive the
compressor in kilowatts.Answer:
A C. 114 mm
in a refrigeration system that will
cool 10 li/sec of water from 13°C
to 1°C. The belt efficiency is 98%,
motor efficiency is 85%, and the
input of the compressor is 0.7
KW/ton of refrigeration. Find the
actual coefficient of performance
if overall efficiency is
65%.Answer: D
A. 2.34
B. 4.43
C. 3.45
D. 6.44
34. A belt driven compressor is used
in a refrigeration system that will
cool 10 li/sec of water from 13°C
to 1°C. The belt efficiency is 98%,
motor efficiency is 85%, and the
input of compressor is 0.7 KW/ton
of refrigeration. Find the mass
flow rate of condenser cooling
water warmed from 21°C to 32°C
if overall efficiency is
65%.Answer: B
A. 10.34 kg/s
B. 12.60 kg/s
C. 23.23 kg/s
D. 15.34 kg/s
35. Calculate the bore in mm of a
single-acting, 6 cylinder ammonia
compressor running at 1200 rpm to
compress 700 kg/hr refrigerant
which vaporized at -15°C, given
the following
Bore and stroke = Unity Volumetric Efficiency =
70%
Specific volume of NH3 = 8.15 ft3/lb at
5°FAnswer: C
A. 110 mm
B. 106 mm
 D. 124 mm
36. An ammonia compressor operates
at an evaporator pressure of 316
Kpa and a condenser pressure of
1514.2 Kpa. The refrigerant is
subcooled 5 degrees and is
superheated 8 degrees. A twin
cylinder compressor with a bore to
stroke ratio of 0.85 is to be used at
1200 rpm. The mechanical
efficiency is 78%. For a load of
87.5 kw, determine the bore and
stroke for 5% clearance.Answer:
C capacity in tons of refrigeration if
A. 123.44 mm
B. 109.23 mm
C. 117.40 mm, 99.79
mm
D. 234.23 mm, 86.79
mm
37. In a certain refrigeration system
for a low temperature application,
a two stage operation is desirable
which employs ammonia system
that serves a 30 ton evaporator at
-30°C. The system uses direct
contact cascade condenser, and the
condenser temperature is 40°C.
Find the total power required in
kw.Answer: B
A. 23.43 kw
B. 35.37 kw
C. 28.34 kw
D. 45.23 kw
38. A refrigeration system operates on
the reversed Carnot cycle. The
minimum and maximum
temperatures are -25°C and 72°C,
respectively. If the heat rejected to
the condenser is 6000 KJ/min,
draw the T-S diagram and find
power input required.Answer: D
A. 20.34 kw
B. 54.33 kw
C. 13.45 kw
D. 28.12 kw
39. A refrigerating system operates on
the reversed Carnot cycle. The
highest temperature of the
refrigerant in the system is 120°F
and the lower temperature is 10°F.
The capacity is to be 20 tons.
Determine the heat rejected from
the system in Btu/minAnswer: A
A. 4936
B. 5634
C. 3432
D. 7421
40. An ice plant produces 20 tons of
ice per day at -15°C from water at
25°C. If miscellaneous losses are
12% of the freezing and chilling
load, calculate the refrigeration
capacity of the plant in tons of
refrigeration. Answer: C
A. 21.35
B. 43.12
C. 31.5
D. 36.3
41. Fish weighing 11,000 kg with a
temperature of 20°C is brought to
a cold storage and which shall be
cooled to -10°C in 11 hours. Find
the required plant refrigerating
the specific heat of fish is 0.7
above freezing and 0.3 below
freezing point which is -3°C. The
latent heat of freezing is 55.5
Kcal/kg.Answer: B
A. 21.3
B. 24.38
C. 28.34
D. 32.12
42. Compute the heat to be removed
from 110 kg of lean beef if it were
to be cooled form 20°C to 4°C,
after which it is to be frozen and
cooled to -18°C. Specific heat
above freezing is given as 3.23
KJ/kg°C and below freezing as
1.68 KG/kg-°C. Freezing point is
-2.2°C and latent heat of fusion is
233 KJ/kg.Answer: C
A. 32,455 KJ
B. 23,455 KJ
C. 36,437.5 KJ
D. 54,233.2 KJ
43. Magnolia Dairy products plant
must cool 4000 gallons of fresh
milk received from the farm per
day from an initial temperature of
80°F to a temperature of 38°C in 5
hours. If the density of milk is 8.6
lbs/gallon, specific gravity is 1.03,
and specific heat is 0.935 how
much brine must be circulated if
the change in temperature is 15°F,
specific gravity is 1.182, and
specific heat is 0.729?Answer: A
A. 41.77 gpm
B. 54.22 gpm
C. 34.11 gpm
D. 65.23 gpm
44. A mass of ice at 25°F is needed to
cool 250 pound of vegetables in a
bunker, for 24 hours. The initial
temperature of the vegetables is
assumed to be 85°F. It is also
assumed that the average
temperature inside the bunker is
45°F, within the 24-hour period. If
the heat gained per hour in the
bunker is 30% of the heat removed
 to cool the vegetables from 85°F
to 45°F, what would be the
required mass of ice?Answer: D
Specific heat of ice = 0.463 Specific heat of
vegetables = 0.80 Specific heat of water = 1.01
Heat of fusion of ice = 144 Btu/lb
A. 34.56 lbs
B. 74.23 lbs
C. 43.23 lbs
D. 64.8 lbs
45. A 10 ton ice plant using ammonia
refrigerant operates between
evaporator and condenser
temperature of -20°C and 35°C
respectively. The ice plant is to
produce ice at -12°C from water at
30°C in 24 hours. Assuming losses
to be 18 of the heat absorbed from
water, determine the power
required by the
compressor.Answer: B
A. 21.23 kw
B. 16.79 kw
C. 56.32 kw
D. 43.32 kw
46. An ideal vapor compression
refrigeration cycle requires 2.5
KW to power the compressor. You
have found the following data for
the cycle: the enthalpy at
condenser entrance = 203 KJ/kg,
exit = 55; evaporator entrance = 55
KJ/kg, exit = 178. If mass flow
rate of the refrigerant is 0.10
kg/sec, then the coefficient of
performance of the refrigeration
cycle is most nearly:Answer: D
A. 592
B. 59.2
C. 5.92
D. 4.92
47. A Freon – 12 waste water system
operating at a 5°C suction
temperature and a 40°C
condensing temperature has an
evaporator load of 5 tons. If the
condenser is selected for a 7°C
water temperature rise, how many
gpm must be circulated through
the condenser?
The following enthalpies have
been found: condenser entrance =
377 KJ/kg, exit = 238.5;
evaporator entrance = 238.5
KJ/kg, exit = 353.6.Answer: A
A. 11.46 gpm
B. 15.23 gpm
C. 13.45 gpm
D. 23.22 gpm
48. A refrigeration system operates on
an ideal vapor-compression using
Refrigerant-12 with an evaporator
temperature of -30°C and a
condenser exit temperature of
49.3°C and requires a
74.6 KW motor to drive the
compressor. What is the capacity
of the refrigerator in tons of
refrigeration? Enthalpy of
condenser entrance = 362 KJ/kg,
exit = 248.15; evaporator entrance
= 248.15, exit = 338.14.Answer:
A
A. 43.5
B. 34.5
C. 21.3
D. 18.2
49. Liquid ammonia at a temperature
of 26°C is available at the
expansion valve. The temperature
of the vaporizing ammonia in the
evaporator is 2°C. Find the
percentage of liquid vaporized
while flowing through the
expansion valveAnswer: A
Temperature Pressure
(°C) (Kpa)
hf
hfg
hg
2°C 462.49
190.4
1255.2
1445.6
26°C 1033.97
303.6
1162.0
1465.6
A. 9.02
B. 90.98
C. 91.08
D. 8.92
50. A 140 mm x 140 mm single effect,
twin-cylinder single acting Freon-
12 compressor with a refrigeration
capacity of 40 kw operates
between a discharge pressure of
1300 kpa and a suction pressure of
350 kpa. The speed of the
compressor is 600 rpm. If the
discharge pressure shall be raised
to 1400 kpa, at what speed (rpm)
should the compressor be run to
produce the same refrigeration
capacity and assuming the
volumetric efficiency to remain the
same?Answer: C
A. 610
B. 614
C. 622
D. 630
51. A refrigeration system using R-22
has a capacity of 320 kw of
refrigeration. The evaporating
temperature is minus 10 degrees C
and the condensing temperature is
 40°C. Calculate the fraction of °F. Determine the exit temperature.
vapor in the mixture before the Answer: D
evaporator.Answer: A A. 45°F
Properties of R-22 are: B. 55°F
At -10°C C. 65°F
hg = 401.60 KJ/kg ht = 188.426 KJ/kg At 40°C D. 77°F
hf = 249.686 KJ/kg
A. 0.287 4. The change of enthalpy in air
B. 0.315 conditioning unit is 10 Btu/lb. The
C. 0.245 mass of supply air is 150,000 lb/hr.
D. 0.227 What is the conditioner capacity?
Answer: C
52. What is the coefficient of a vapor A. 125 TR
compression refrigeration system B. 100 TR
having the following data: C. 150 TR
Enthalpy entering the compression D. 200 TR
is 181.79; enthalpy after
compression work is 207.3 KJ/kg. 5. Recirculated air of 8 kg/sec with
After condensation the enthalpy is 53 KJ/kg enthalpy and outside air
58.2 and the throttled from 0.19 of 2 kg/sec with 90 KJ/kg enthalpy
Mpa to 0.18 Mpa.Answer: C enters the conditioning unit.
A. 5.8 Determine the air conditioning
B. 3.2 capacity if supply enthalpy to
C. 4.84 conditioned space is 42
D. 5.6 KJ/kg.Answer: D
A. 154 KW
53. A refrigeration system having a 22 B. 164 KW
kw capacity needs 7.8 compressor. C. 174 KW
Find the COP of the D. 184 KW
systemAnswer: C 6. Outside air of an air conditioning
A. 3.12 system is 25% of recirculated air.
B. 4.62 Determine the mass of outside air
C. 3.78 if mass of supply air is 15
D. 6.34 kg/sec.Answer: C
A. 1 kg/sec
AIR CONDITIONING B. 2 kg/sec
C. 3 kg/sec
1. When 100 kg/min of outside air at D. 4 kg/sec
32°C dry bulb and 200 kg/min
recirculated air at 22°C dry bulb 7. The sensible heat load and latent
are mixed with an air conditioning heat load in an air conditioning
system, the resulting dry bulb system is 120 KW and 47 KW,
temperature will be:Answer: A respectively. What is the sensible
A. 25.33°C heat factor?Answer: D
B. 35.44°C A. 65.34%
C. 46.33°C
B. 29.45%
D. 26.88°C
C. 76.54%
D. 71.86%
2. The amount of water carried by air
in a cooling tower is 15 lb/min.
8. The total heat load and latent heat
The change in humidity ratio in
load of theater is 150 KW and 60
outlet and inlet is 0.025 lb/lb.
KW, respectively. Supply air is at
Determine the volume flow of air
15°C and has a mass of 9 kg/sec.
needed if specific volume is 15
Determine the temperature to be
ft3/lb.Answer: B
maintained in the theater.Answer:
A. 6000 ft3/min
B. 7800 ft3/min B
A. 20°C
C. 7500 ft3/min
B. 25°C
D. 5000 ft3/min
C. 30°C
D. 35°C

9. A cooling tower has an efficiency

3. The change of enthalpy of air in a
of 65%. Water enters the tower at
cooling tower is 35 Btu/lb and the
55°C. The wet bulb temperature of
mass flow of air is
surrounding air is 27°C. What is
453.17 lb/min. Water enters the
the temperature of water leaving
tower at the rate of 50 gpm and 115
 the tower? Answer: A
A. 36.8°C
B. 44.5°C
C. 46.9°C
D. 30.4°C
10. The change of temperature
entering the cooling tower and wet
bulb temperature of surrounding
air is 25°C and efficiency is 65%.
If mass of water leaving the tower
is 10 kg/sec, determine the heat
carried by air.Answer: C
A. 720 KW
B. 540 KW
C. 680 KW
D. 700 KW
11. The approach and efficiency of
cooling tower is 10°C and 60%,
respectively. If temperature of
water leaving the tower is 37°C,
what is the temperature of water
entering?Answer: B
A. 46°C
B. 52°C
C. 68°C
D. 48°C
12. A cooling tower is used to cool a
jacket water loss from the engine.
The heat generated by fuel is 2500
KW and cooling loss is 30%. If
temperature range of the tower is
15°C. Determine the mass flow of
water entering the tower.Answer:
A 18. Fifty gallons per minute of water
A. 12 kg/sec
B. 14 kg/sec
C. 16 kg/sec
D. 18 kg/sec
13. A dryer is to deliver 1000 kg/hr of
cassava with 2% moisture and
20% moisture in the feed.
Determine the mass of air required
if change in humidity ratio is
0.0165.Answer: C
A. 3.57 kg/sec
B. 4.67 kg/sec
C. 3.79 kg/sec
D. 5.36 kg/sec
14. The moisture removed from a
material is 250 lb/hr and change of
humidity ratio in dryer is 0.0175.
Determine the fan capacity if
specific volume of air entering is
35 ft3/lb.Answer: C
A. 400,000 ft3/hr
B. 450,000 ft3/hr
C. 500,000 ft3/hr
D. 550,000 ft3/hr
15. The change of enthalpy in a
heating chamber of dryer is 25 Btu
and the mass of air supplied is
30,000 lb/hr. What is the heat
supplied by heater?Answer: D
A. 560 KW
B. 450 KW
C. 350 KW
D. 220 KW
16. Water at 55°C is cooled in a
cooling tower which has an
efficiency of 65%. The
temperature of the surrounding air
is 32°C dry bulb and 70% relative
humidity. The heat dissipated from
the condenser is 2,300,000 KJ/hr.
Find the capacity in liters per
second of the pump used in the
cooling water. Answer: A
A. 8.55
B. 7.34
C. 6.34
D. 9.23
17. Fifty gallons per minute of water
enters a cooling tower at 115°F.
Atmospheric air at 60°F and 55%
relative humidity enters the tower
at 6,000 cfm and leaves at 90°F
saturated. Determine the volume
of water that leaves the tower in
gpm.Answer: B
A. 32.34
B. 48.62
C. 34.23
D. 65.33
enters a cooling tower at 115°F.
Atmospheric air at 60°F and 55%
relative humidity enters the tower
at 6,000 cfm and leaves at 90°F
saturated. Determine the exit
temperature of water, °FAnswer:
C
A. 56.33
B. 65.33
C. 76.61
D. 45.34
19. An atmospheric cooling tower is to
provide for the jacket water of a
four stroke, 800 KW diesel
generators with useful output of
34% and cooling loss of 30%. The
cooling tower efficiency is 60% at
a temperature of approach of
10°C. If ambient air has a relative
humidity of 70% and dry bulb
temperature of 32°C, determine
the cooling water supplied to the
diesel engine in li/hr. Generator
efficiency is 97%.Answer: A
A. 41,713
B. 45,232
C. 43,345
D. 47,234
20. 250,000 kg/hr of water at 35°C
enters a cooling tower where it is
to be cooled to 17.5°C. The energy
is to be exchanged with
atmospheric air entering the unit at
15°C and leaving the unit at 30°C.
The air enters at 30% RH and
leaves at 85% RH. If all process
are assumed to occur at
atmospheric pressure, determine
the percentage of total water flow
that is make up water.Answer: D
A. 2.44%
B. 8.34%
C. 3.94%
D. 2.22%
21. An auditorium is to be maintained
at a temperature of 26°C dry bulb
and 50% RH. Air is to be supplied
at a temperature not lower than
15°C dry bulb. The sensible heat
gain is 110 Kw and the latent heat
gain is 37.5 KW. Take ventilating
air as 25% by weight of the air
from the room, and is at 35°C dry
bulb and 60% RH. Determine the
refrigeration capacity in tons?
Answer: C
A. 43.45
B. 54.23
C. 63.28
D. 76.34
22. An assembly hall was to have an
air conditioning unit installed
which would be maintained at
26°C dry bulb and at 50% RH. The
unit delivers air at 15°C dry bulb
temperature and the calculated
sensible heat load is 150 kw and
latent heat is 51.3 KW. Twenty
percent by weight of extracted air
is made up of outside air at 34°C
dry bulb and 60% RH while 80%
is extracted by the air conditioner
from the assembly hall. Determine
the air conditioner’s refrigeration
capacity in tons refrigeration and
its ventilation load in
KW.Answer: A
A. 83.22, 132
B. 75.34, 412
C. 56.23, 45.32
D. 54.23, 83.23
23. An air conditioned heater is to be
maintained at 80°F dry bulb
temperature and 50% RH. The
calculated total sensible heat load
in the theater is 620,000 Btu/hr,
and the latent heat load is 210,000
Btu/hr. The air mixture is 84°F dry
bulb and 72°F wet bulb
temperature is cooled to 63°F dry
bulb and 59°F wet bulb
temperature by chilled water
cooling coil and delivered as
supply air to the theater. Calculate
the tons of refrigeration
required.Answer: B
A. 123
B. 125
C. 124
D. 128
24. A room being air conditioned is
being held at 25°C dry bulb and
50% relative humidity. A flow rate
of 5 m3/s of supply air at 15°C dry
bulb and 80% RH is being
delivered to the room
to maintain that steady condition
at 100 Kpa. What is the sensible
heat absorbed from the room air in
KW?Answer: B
A. 50.8
B. 60.8
C. 40.5
D. 70.9
25. Copra enters a dryer containing
60% water and 40% solids and
leaves with 5% water and 95%
solids. Find the weight of water
removed based one each pound of
original product.Answer: D
A. 0.34 lb
B. 0.63 lb
C. 0.86 lb
D. 0.58 lb
26. Copra enters a dryer containing
60% water and 40% solids and
leaves with 5% water and 95%
solids. Find the weight of water
removed based one each pound of
final product.Answer: A
A. 1.375 lb
B. 1.19 lb
C. 1.872 lb
D. 2.345 lb
27. The temperature of the air in a
dryer is maintained constant by the
use of steam coils within the dryer.
The product enters the dryer at the
rate of 1 metric ton per hour. The
initial moisture content is 3
kilograms moisture per kilograms
dry solid and will be dried to a
moisture content of 0.10 kg
moisture per kg solid. Air enters
the dryer with a humidity ratio of
0.016 kg moisture per kg dry air
and leaves with a relative humidity
of 100% while the temperature
remains constant at 60°C. If the
total pressure of air is 101.325
Kpa, determine capacity of forced
draft fan to handle this air in
m3/min.Answer: D
A. 80
 B. 84
C. 82
D. 86
28. Wet material, containing 215%
moisture (dry basis) is to be dried
at the rate of 1.5 kg/sec in a
continuous dryer to give a product
containing 5% moisture (wet
basis). The drying medium
consists of air heated to 373°K
and containing water vapor
equivalent to a partial pressure of
1.40 Kpa. The air leaves the dryer
at 310°CK and 70% saturated.
Calculate how much air will be
required to remove the
moisture.Answer: C
A. 213,233 kg/hr
B. 177,142 kg/hr
C. 177,242 kg/hr
D. 198,234 kg/hr
29. A Dryer is to deliver 1000 kg/hr of
palay with a final moisture content
of 10%. The initial moisture
content in the feed is 15% at
atmospheric condition with 32°C
dry bulb and 21 degrees centigrade
wet bulb. The dryer is maintained
45°C while the relative humidity
of the hot humid air from the dryer
is 80%. If the steam pressure
supplied to the heater is 2 Mpa,
determine the heat supplied by
heater in kw.Answer: B
A. 3.23
B. 5.46
C. 4.23
D. 6.23
30. A Dryer is to deliver 1000 kg/hr of
palay with a final moisture content
of 10%. The initial moisture
content in the feed is 15% at
atmospheric condition with 32°C
dry bulb and 21 degrees centigrade
wet bulb. The dryer is maintained
45°C while the relative humidity
of the hot humid air from the dryer
is 80%. If the steam pressure
supplied to the heater is 2 Mpa,
determine the air supplied to dryer
in m3/hr.Answer: A
A. 1332.25
B. 1532.34
C. 1234.23
D. 1982.34
31. At 30°C, air-vapor mixture has a
relative humidity of 70%. Find the
humidity ratio if barometric
pressure is 100°C. At 30°C, Psat =
4.246 kpaAnswer: D
A. 0.123
B. 0.986
C. 0.054
D. 0.019
32. The humidity ratio of air is 0.045.
If barometric pressure is 101 kpa,
find the partial pressure of water
vapor.Answer: C
A. 4.23 kpa
B. 7.34 kpa
C. 6.81 kpa
D. 5.23 kpa
33. Air at 36°C and pressure of 101.2
kpa has a density of 1.08 kg/m3.
Find the humidity ratio of
air.Answer: A
A. 0.0352
B. 0.6350
C. 0.0635
D. 0.0173
34. What is the enthalpy of the air-
vapor mixture at 60% RH and
35°C when the barometric
pressure is 102 kpa? At 35°C: Psat
= 5.628, hg = 2565.3Answer: A
A. 89.63 KJ/kg
B. 74.23 KJ/kg
C. 67.34 KJ/kg
D. 53.34 KJ/kg
35. Air-vapor mixture has an enthalpy
of 75 KJ/kg at 30°C. Find the
partial pressure of water vapor. At
30°C: hg = 2556.3 KJ/kgAnswer:
D
A. 6.34 kpa
B. 1.34 kpa
C. 4.231 kpa
D. 2.791 kpa
36. Air in an air conditioner enters at
60% RH with w = 0.021 and
leaves at 25°C dry bulb and 16°C
wet bulb. If mass of air is 10 kg/s,
find the refrigeration capacity in
tons of refrigeration.Answer: B
At 60% RH, 2 = 0.021: h = 87KJ/kg,
v = 0.903 m3/kg
At 25°C db, 16°C wb: h = 45 KJ/kg;
A. 134.34 TR
B. 119.45 TR
C. 102.45 TR
D. 98.34 TR
37. A 160 kw air conditioner has an
initial condition of 40°C and 60%
RH and leaves at 40°C db and
60% RH: h = 112 KJ/kg, w =
0.93m3/kg; At 20°C db and 20%
RH: h = 26 KJ/kg.Answer: D
A. 3.22 m3/s
B. 2.62 m3/s
C. 2.12 m3/s
D. 1.73 m3/s
38. Outside air in an air conditioning
 unit has a mass of 50 kg at 45°C is Calculate the percent make-up
mixed with recirculated air at 30 water needed the tower.Answer: B
kg at 26°C. Find the temperature At 27°C db and 24°C wb: h = 72.5 KJ/kg, w =
after mixing.Answer: D 0.0178 At 90% RH and 32°C db: h = 102 KJ/kg,
A. 35.23°C w = 0.0275
B. 43.23°C A. 2.34%
C. 37.87°C B. 1.79%
D. 40.40°C C. 3.12%
D. 2.84%
39. Twenty kilograms air enters the
dryer at 25°C db and 30% RH. 44. A cooling tower cools water from
Fifteen kg of recirculated air from 39°C to 27°C at the rate of 20
the dryer has a partial pressure of kg/s. Air enters he tower at 22°C at
water vapor of 10 kpa. Find the the rate of 36 kg/s. Find the
humidity ratio after temperature of air leaving the
mixing.Answer: A tower.Answer: B
At 25°C db, 30% RH: w = 0.0059 A. 50.71°C
A. 0.0325 B. 28.86°C
B. 0.1930 C. 45.23°C
C. 0.0653 D. 34.45°C
D. 0.0842
45. The sensible heat rate is 0.8, which
40. Sixty kilogram air with enthalpy of the following is correct?Answer:
of 80 KJ/kg is mixed with another A
x air until the mixture is 100 kg A. 20 latent and 80
and 70 KJ/kg enthalpy. Find the sensible heat
enthalpy of x air before B. 80 latent heat and
mixing.Answer: D 20 sensible heat
A. 23.23 KJ/kg C. 80 sensible heat and
B. 17.45 KJ/kg 20 sensible heat and
C. 43.75 KJ/kg latent heat
D. 55.01 KJ/kg D. 20 latent heat and
80 sensible and
41. An 80% efficient cooling tower latent heat
has water entering at 48% and wet
bulb temperature of air entering at 46. The amount of sensible heating,
25°C. Find the water exit the sensible heat ratio of 0.80 and
temperature of water. Answer: B a total cooling load of
A. 16.23°C 100:Answer: A
B. 29.60°C A. 80
C. 32.34°C B. 20
D. 23.44°C C. 100
D. 60
42. Water enters the cooling water at
50°C and leaves at 28°C while the 47. A coil has an inlet temperature of
heat rejected to air is 100 KW. 60°F and outlet of 90°F, if the
Find the capacity of the pump mean temperature of coil is 110°F,
needed to pump the water find the bypass factor of the
A. 1.08 li/s coil.Answer: A
B. 3.22 li/s A. 0.4
C. 2.34 li/s B. 2
D. 4.23 li/s C. 1
D. 3

48. A 4m x 4m x 4m room has a

43. The evaporative condenser of an
ammonia refrigeration plant has a
water flow rate of 130 kg/s and
enters at natural draft cooling
tower at 43°C. The water is cooled
to 30°C by air entering at 27°C db
24°C wet bulb. The air leaves the
tower as 90% RH and 32°C db.
relative humidity of 80%. The
pressure in the room is 120 kpa
and temperature is 36°C (Psat =
5.628). What is the mass of vapor
in the room (Rv= 0.4615 Kpa-
m3/kg-°K).Answer: A
A. 2.03
B. 1.50
C. 0.80
D. 4.80
49. The evaporative condenser of an
 ammonia refrigeration plant has a Find the full load steam consumption
water flowrate of 126 kg per in kg/Kw-hr.Answer: B
second and enters a natural draft A. 2.34
cooling tower at 40°C. The water B. 4.51
is cooled to 29°C by air entering at C. 3.45
38°C and 24°C wb. The air leaves D. 7.45
the tower as saturated 40°C db.
Calculate the make-up water 7. 150 grams of water at 75°C is heated
required in kg per hour. Answer: at constant pressure. The water is
C completely vaporized, what is heat
Water properties: added?Answer: D
At 40°C, hf = 167.48 KJ/kg At 29°C, hg = 121.43 A. 2321.37 KJ
KJ/kg B. 4231.34 KJ
Air properties: C. 3214.23 KJ
At 38°C db and 24°C wb: D. 348.21 KJ
h = 72.5 KJ/kg w = 0.013 KJ/kg
At 40°C db saturated: 8. An engine is required to produce 4,500
h = 166 KJ/kg kg of dry steam per hour. The quality
w = 0.0488 KJ/kg of steam in it is 90%. What must be
A. 8977 the weight of the wet steam?Answer:
B. 8699 D
C. 8003 A. 477.8 kg/hr
D. 8388 B. 528 kg/hr
PAST BOARD EXAM PROBLEMS C. 400 kg/hr
1. Given: Q1 = 160 li/s, N = 1800 rpm D. 500 kg/hr
(constant) D1 = 254 mm, D2 = 203.2
mm.Answer: C 9. The refrigeration system has
A. 130 li/s refrigerating cycle per kilogram of 220
B. 180 li/s KJ. The heat required to remove is 630
C. 128 li/s KJ/hr. Calculate the mass circulated
D. 145 li/s per hour.Answer: D
A. 3.186
2. Reversed Carnot operates between -8°C B. 8 kg/hr
and 18°C. Find the COP.Answer: D C. 10 kg/hr
A. 4.56 D. 2.86 kg/hr
B. 8.34
C. 6.34 10. The pressure and temperature entering
D. 10.19 the turbine is 18000 Kpa and 380 °C.
The temperature leaving the turbine is
3. 150 grams at 76°C vaporized 20 kpa. The quality of steam is
completely. Find the head added entering the condenser is 90%. What is
during isothermal process.Answer: A the turbine work?Answer: A
A. 348 KJ A. 833.33 KJ/kg
B. 643 KJ B. 753 KJ/kg
C. 456 KJ C. 654.32 KJ/kg
D. 123 KJ D. 945.67 KJ/kg

4. A 120 m3/s of air has a dry bulb 11. Air in a rigid vessel has an initial
temperature of 18°C. What is the temperature of 30°C and a final
standard air volume?Answer: A temperature of 80°C. The work done
A. 121.28 m3/s is:Answer: D
B. 128.34 kg/s A. 3 KJ
C. 124.34 kg/s B. 30 KJ
D. 132.45 kg/s C. 20 KJ
D. 0 KJ
5. Given CH4 and 15% excess air. Find the
mass of air in kg per mass of kg
fuel.Answer: C 12. A fuel is represented with C3H8 burned
A. 17.16 kg/kg with 50% excess air. If mass of fuel is
B. 21.23 kg/kg 0.07 kg, find the mass of air
C. 18.73 kg/kg needed.Answer: C
D. 34.23 kg/kg A. 1.23 kg
B. 1.638 kg
6. Available enthalpy of turbine is H = C. 23.4 kg
1140.9 KJ/kg, turbine efficiency is D. 5.34 kg
70%, full load capacity is 4,500 Kw.
13. A 30 cm x 40 cm reciprocating pump B. 6080 kw
running at 250 rpm discharges 210 li/s C. 643 kw
of water. Find the percent slip of the D. 9834.45 kw
pump.Answer: D 20. The initial pressure of the system
A. 4.23% during isometric process is 100 kpa. If
B. 8.34% the heat during the process is 10 kw,
C. 5.76% find the enthalpy change.Answer: C
D. 10.87% A. 5 kw
B. 15 kw
14. A Rankine cycle has an initial mass of C. 10 kw
liquid flowing at 10 kg at 76%. If final D. 20 kw
enthalpy is 379.6 KJ, find the change
of enthalpy of the system.Answer: A 21. In a Rankine cycle, the steam turbine
A. 655.75 KJ inlet has a condition of 3126 KJ/kg
B. 834.34 KJ enthalpy and entropy of
C. 763.45 KJ 6.68 KJ/kg-K. The quality after
D. 934.56 KJ expansion is 80% and enthalpy of
2104.3 KJ/kg with hf = 209.33 KJ/kg.
15. A venturi meter has an initial inlet Find the efficiency of the cycle.Answer:
pressure of 500 Kpa and velocity of 2 B
m/s. The top has a diameter of 18 cm A. 23.45%
and 8 cm diameter. The top is 6 m high B. 35.04%
and bottom has 4.5 m high. Find the C. 30.34%
exit pressure.Answer: D D. 38.44%
A. 324.45 kpa
B. 534.23 kpa 22. Find the degree superheat of steam at
C. 452.34 kpa 0.89 Mpa and 180°C. At 0.89 Mpa: tsat
D. 546.46 kpa = 174.90°CAnswer: C
A. 4.34°C
16. A venturi meter has a pressure head B. 6.44°C
difference of 8 m. The volume of C. 5.10°C
water flowing is 6900 li/min. The inlet D. 7.45°C
diameter is 20 cm. Find the outlet
diameter.Answer: A 23. The available enthalpy of steam of the
A. 10.60 cm exit of boiler in a Rankine cycle is
B. 14.23 cm 3000 KJ.kg and enthalpy at the
C. 12.34 cm entrance of turbine in 2950 KJ/kg. If
D. 16.34 mass of steam is 1 kg/s, find the heat
loss between the boiler exit and
17. An Otto cycle has an inlet condition of turbine entrance.Answer: D
101 kpa and 30°C. The compression A. 10 kw
ratio is 8 maximum temperature of the B. 30 kw
cycle 1500°C. Find the mean effective C. 20 kw
pressure of the system.Answer: A D. 50 kw
A. 578 kpa
B. 735 kpa 24. Find the pressure at the bottom of an 8 m
C. 653 kpa column of water.Answer: D
D. 823 kpa A. 45.23 kpa
B. 65.23 kpa
18. An Otto cycle has a compression ratio C. 53.45 kpa
of 6 and inlet condition of 98 kpa and D. 78.48 kpa
15°C. The maximum temperature of 25. Air is flowing through a 20 cm
the system is 3000°C. Find the diameter pipe has a velocity of 5 m/s.
maximum pressure of the If temperature of air is 25 °C kpa
system.Answer: B pressure, find the mass flow of air in
A. 4334.32 kpa the pipe.Answer: C
B. 6682.23 kpa
A. 0.11 kg/s
C. 5634.45 kpa
B. 0.33 kg/s
D. 7049.53 kpa C. 0.22 kg/s
D. 0.44 kg/s
19. A turbine has an available enthalpy of
3000 KJ/kg in a Rankine cycle. The
pump work has also 20 KJ/kg. For a 26. An ammonia refrigeration operates
flow of 2 kg/s, find the system between -6°C evaporator temperature
output.Answer: A and 30°C condensing temperature.
A. 5960 kw
Find the quality after
 expansion.Answer: C the pressure is 5200 KN/m2, compute
At -6°C: hf = 172.371 KJ/kg hg = 1455.00 KJ/kg
the pressure at the smaller
At 30°C hf = 341.769 KJ/kg hg = 1486.14 KJ/kg
end.Answer: C
A. 11.23% A. 6501.84 kpa
B. 15.34% B. 7815.99 kpa
C. 13.21% C. 5211.82 kpa
D. 16.34% D. 4800.92 kpa

27. Air with 20°C wb and 30°C had a 34. Convert a vacuum pressure of 110 mm
relative humidity of:Answer: B of mercury into absolute pressure if
A. 20% atmospheric pressure is 10.5 of
B. 40% H2O.Answer: B
C. 30% A. 3.7 m of H2O
D. 50% B. 9.1 m of H2O
C. 45.6 m of H2O
28. A pump delivers 100 li/s of water at a D. 99.5 H2O
head of 50 m. Find the water
power.Answer: B 35. A tank contains H2O. What is the
A. 29 kw intensity of pressure at a depth of 6
B. 49 kw meters.Answer: C
C. 39 kw A. 68 kpa
D. 59 kw B. 78 kpa
C. 58.8 kpa
29. A steam turbine has an inlet enthalpy D. 48.7 kpa
of 2800 KJ/kg with velocity of 40 m/s.
The exit steam condition 2650 KJ/kg. 36. Water is flow through a pipe at 15
Find the exit velocity.Answer: A li/sec. The inlet diameter of pipe is 12
A. 549.18 m/s cm and the exit diameter is 15 cm. If
B. 323.55 m/s H2O is to be pumped from H2O source
C. 456.34 m/s and heat loss is 2 kw, determine the
D. 658.23 m/s power input to the pump.Answer: A
A. 2.2 kw
30. Flow of water taking over in a pipe B. 1.2 kw
having a velocity of 10 m/s. Determine C. 3.2 kw
the velocity head of the water. D. 4.2 kw
Answer: B
A. 50.1 m 37. Three tons of fish is to be stored at a
B. 5.1 m temperature of -10°C for 24 hours. The
C. 8.2 m product enters the chiller at a
D. 100 m temperature of 8°C. The latent heat
above freezing is 0.41 Kcal/kg-C and
31. The length of pipe is 168 meters. If the 0.76 Kcal/kg-C respectively and its
pressure drop is 50 Kpa for every 30 latent heat of fusions is 51 kcal/kg. If
meters, what is the total pressure drop? the freezing temperature of the product
Answer: C is -2.2°C, determine the product load
A. 260 kpa in Kcal/24 hours.Answer: C
B. 300 kpa A. 153,000
C. 280 kpa B. 158,019
D. 100 kpa C. 168,566
32. After checking on the properties and D. 10,000
phase descriptions of the quality is
found to be x = 0.70. How many % of 38. A boiler has a bursting pressure, Bp of
the mass is in the liquid phase? 600 kpa and a factor of safety; FS, of 8
Answer: D is employed in design. An engineer,
A. 70% would you advice to have a working
B. 100% pressure, WP, of 500 kpa?
C. 0.70% Answer: C
D. 30% A. No, WP must be
higher than 500 kpa
B. Yes, since BP is 600
33. The diameter of a pipe at the larger Pa.
end is 0.5 cm and at the smaller end is C. No, WP is only 75
0.2 m. The larger and smaller ends are kpa at a FS of 8
located 7 meters and 3 meters, D. Yes, to attain better
respectively from datum line. If at the efficiency
larger end, the velocity is 1.2 m/s and
 transmitted through the walls if the
coefficient of heat transmission is 0.12
39. The analysis of a product of Btu/square-°F-hr.Answer: B
combustion on dry basis, when C8H18 A. 4049.28 Btu/hr
was burned with atmospheric air, is as B. 2407.78 Btu/hr
follow: CO2 = 12%, CO = 75%, O2 = C. 996.81 Btu/hr
3.10%, N2 = 84.24%. Compute the % D. 1208.84 Btu/hr
theoretical used for
combustion.Answer: C 46. A refrigerator is maintained at 5°C.
A. 100% Heat is removed from the stored food
B. 121% at a rate of 330 KJ/min. What is the
C. 112% refrigerator’s coefficient of
D. 21% performance if the necessary power
input to the refrigerator is 3.5 kw?
40. What is the specific humidity of dry air? Answer: C
Answer: D A. 0.45
A. 150 B. 8.95 kw
B. 50 C. 1.57 kw
C. 100 D. 94.28 kw
D. 0
47. A building has to be maintained at
41. Water enters the cooling tower at 45°C. 18°C at all times. A heat pump is
The approximate leaving water required for this. When temperature
temperature is 30°C. If the outside the building drops to -6°C, the
atmospheric condition is 25 degrees C building losses heat at a rate of 12,000
wet bulb, determine the cooling KJ/hr. Compute the least power
effectiveness of the cooling tower? necessary to drive the heat
Answer: B pump.Answer: D
A. 95% A. 48.15 kw
B. 75% B. 25.06 kw
C. 25% C. 0.16 kw
D. 50% D. 0.275 kw

42. The temperature of a solution is 31°C. 48. A refrigerating machine that is

Convert the equivalent Fahrenheit classified as a one-ton machine has the
reading to absolute Fahrenheit capacity to produce a cooling effect
temperature.Answer: D of:Answer: B
A. 560.8°R A. 500 Kcal/hr
B. 520.2°R B. 3000Kcal/hr
C. 575.5°R C. 300 Kcal/hr
D. 547.8°R D. 50Kcal/hr

43. One kilogram of air is compressed
adiabatically and in steady flow. The
compression efficiency is 80% and
work done is 265 KJ/kg. Compute
heat.Answer: B
A. 212 KJ/kg
B. 0
C. 1 KJ/kg
D. 331.25 KJ/kg
44. What is the ton of refrigeration
required to cool 15,000 lb of fresh
pork from a temperature of 89°F to
32°F in 24 hours? Specific heat above
freezing of fresh pork is 0.68 Btu/lb-
°F.Answer: C
A. 593.78 tons
B. 410.6 tons
C. 2.02 tons
D. 426.12 tons
45. A room is 10 ffet long, 12 feet wide
and 8 feet high. The inside and outside
temperature are 8°F and 65°F,
respectively. Compute the heat
49. Using a psychometric chart, what is
the wet bulb temperature of air
contained in a room at a temperature
of 308°K, relative humidity of 40%
and a pressure of 1 atmosphere?
Answer: A
A. 350°K
B. 297°K
C. 294°K
D. 290°K
50. 300 KJ of heat flow by conduction
from the outside to the inside cold
storage in one hour. If the temperature
and all other conditions are the same,
what is the heat flowing through the
cold storage in two hours?
A. 600 KJ
B. 300 KJ
C. 900 KJ
D. 1,200 KJ
51. Boiling temperature of water is:Answer:
C
 A. 273°K A. 125.79
B. 32°F B. 134.56
C. 100°C C. 251.58
D. 212°K D. 345.67
59. A rigid vessel has a temperature of
52. A 25 cm x 38 cm, 4-stroke, single
80°C (vf = 0.0010291 m3/kg). If mass
acting, running at 600 rpm diesel engine
is 10 kg, find the volume of
has a brake power of
150. Find the volumetric rate, m3/kw- liquid.Answer: B
A. 8.34 li
hr.Answer: C
B. 10.29 li
A. 4.23
C. 12.33 li
B. 1.23
D. 14.33 li
C. 2.24
D. 3.45
60. A diesel engine is 447 kw at sea level,
it will operate at 2700 m elevation
53. At 1.11°C evaporator temperature the
with correction factor of 0.71,
inlet enthalpy is 410.4 KJ/kg and exit
temperature of 40.1°C correction
enthalpy = 1471.6 KJ/kg. If mass flow
factor of 0.90. Find the brake power if
rate is 3 kg/min, find the refrigerating
it will operate at higher
effect.Answer: D
A. 23 elevation.Answer: A
A. 285.63 kw
B. 34
B. 342.34 kw
C. 45
C. 387.23 kw
D. 53
D. 452.34 kw
54. When dry bulb and wet bulb
61. A refrigeration system using refrigerant
temperatures are the same, its relative
22 has a compressor of 60 kw. The
humidity is:Answer: C
A. 0% evaporator entrance =
B. 50% 254.4 KJ/kg, exit = 401.6 KJ/kg. If mass
C. 100% flow of refrigerant is 1.2 kg/s, find the
D. 75% COP of the system.Answer: B
A. 2
B. 3
55. Bypass factor of coils is 0.7 for one row.
C. 4
What is the bypass factor if there are 10
D. 5
coils in a row?
Answer: B
A. 0.029 62. A turbine has a suction pressure of 200
B. 0.70 kpa. If head loss is 4 m volume flow is
C. 700 5 m3/s, find the water power.Answer:
C
D. 0.49
A. 456.77 kw
B. 1196.20 kw
56. A heat pump is used to heat a house
C. 803.80 kw
during the winter. The house is to be
D. 1863.45 kw
maintained at 21°C at all times. The
house is estimated to be losing heat at
63. A boiler operates at 82.5% efficiency
the rate of 35,000 KJ/hr when the
while the mass of steam generated is
outside temperature drops to -5°C.
885,000lb in 4 hrs. The enthalpy of
Determine the power required to drive
steam is 1362 Btu/lb and feed is
this heat pump unit.Answer: D
A. 3.32 kw 249.10 Btu/lb while the fuel used for
B. 4.34 kw boiler has a heating value of 13,850
C. 5.34 kw Btu/lb. Find the mass of fuel needed
per day in short tons.Answer: D
D. 0.86 kw
A. 10.78
B. 8.34
57. An engine has a power output of 4.5
C. 3.45
hp with 74% efficiency. What will be
D. 258.59
the KW/hp? Registered to the meter?
Answer: A
64. In a 150 m pipe, for every 20 m length
A. 1
there’s a head loss of 40 kpa. What is
B. 2
the total head loss?
C. 3
Answer: A
D. 4
A. 300 kpa
B. 200 kpa
58. At 30°C and saturated, Uf = 125.79
C. 150 kpa
KJ/kg. If mass is 2 kg, find the internal
D. 400 kpa
energy, KJ?Answer: C
65. A 20 cm x 35 cm diesel engine with 4 70. A 90 kg air at 20°C is mixed with 45 kg
cylinders and operating on a four air at 45°C. Find the temperature after
stroke, has a rated power of 160 kw mixing.Answer: C
and is running at 250 rpm. Find the A. 23.34°C
volume displacement per brake power B. 26.34°C
developed.Answer: D C. 28.33°C
A. 0.9 m3/min-kw D. 32.34°C
B. 0.06 m3/min-kw
C. 0.1 m3/min-kw 71. Air is compressed isothermally at
3
D. 0.0344 m /min-kw 20°C from 95 kpa to 750 kpa. Find the
work done during the process.Answer:
66. What is the BTU equivalent for 1 A
horsepower?Answer: B A. 173.75 KJ/kg
A. 778 B. 187.45 KJ/kg
B. 2545 C. 123.44 KJ/kg
C. 746 D. 109.34 KJ/kg
D. 3.41 72. Rigid container contains 20 grams of
saturated vapor hf = hfg = hg = 2729
67. A high temperature source at 950°K KJ/kg. Heater passes 0.3 A and 120
provides 580 KJ heat to a heat engine. volts in 8 min, find the final enthalpy
The heat engine converts 200 KJ net of steam assuming that Qloss = 4
work and rejects the balance to a KJ.Answer: C
temperature sink at 298°K. Compare A. 2890 KJ/kg
the thermal efficiency Et of this engine B. 2065 KJ/kg
to the thermal efficiency Erev of the C. 3393 KJ/kg
Carnot cycle reversible heat D. 3084 KJ/kg
engine.Answer: B
A. Et = Erev 73. A Rankine cycle has a turbine work of
B. Et< Erev 590 KJ/kg and efficiency of 90%,
C. Erev< Et pump work is 2.5 KJ/kg and efficiency
D. None of these of 76%. If cycle efficiency is 28%,
find the heat added to the cycle.
68. A refrigerator plant stored 8 metric Answer: D
tons of eggs at a temperature of 15°C. A. 2577.60 KJ/kg
To preserve the eggs by not spoiling B. 2345.19 KJ/kg
them, they have to be cooled at -8°C. C. 2685.67 KJ/kg
What is the refrigerating capacity of D. 1852.40 KJ/kg
the plant in tons if it is cooled in 12
hours? The specific heat of the eggs 74. A 200 mm x 300 mm single stage air
above the below freezing is 0.95 compressor running at 450 rpm has a
Kcal/kg-°C and 0.4 Kcal/kg-°C clearance of 2% of the stroke and
respectively. The latent heat of fusion pressure ratio of 8. What is the
is 68.50 Kcal/kg. The freezing volumetric flow?Answer: A
temperature is -3°C.Answer: B A. 237 m3/hr
A. 12.5 tons of ref B. 123 m3/hr
B. 19.3 tons of ref C. 198 m3/hr
C. 23.1 tons of ref D. 383 m3/hr
D. 34.2 tons of ref
75. 1 Bo. Hp boils 34.5 lb of steam at
69. A refrigerator plant stored 8 metric 212°F in 24 hours. If you have a 600
tons of eggs at a temperature of 15°C. Bo. Hp, find the pound of
To preserve the eggs by not spoiling steam.Answer: B
them, they have to be cooled at -8°C. A. 12,344 lbs
What is the refrigerating capacity in B. 20,700 lbs
Kcal? The specific heat of the eggs C. 16,390 lbs
above the below freezing is 0.95 D. 25,300 lbs
Kcal/kg-°C and 0.4 Kcal/kg-°C
respectively. The latent heat of fusion 76. In piping system a bare pipe has a heat
is 68.50 Kcal/kg. The freezing loss of 6 kw/m. By insulating the pipe,
temperature is the heat loss will reduce to 0.90 kw/m.
-3°C.Answer: B If total length of pipe is 40 m and
A. 180,000.6 operation per month is 600 hrs, how
B. 700,800 much energy saved per month because
C. 14,000.2 of insulation?Answer: B
D. 142,000 A. 2.345 x 108 KJ
 B. 1.102 x 106 KJ
C. 4.41 x 108 KJ
D. 1.453 x 106 KJ
77. A fluid at 120 kpa and has 25°C
temperature has a velocity of 180 m/s.
Find the stagnation pressure.Answer:
C B. 1.24
A. 125.54 kpa
B. 243.45 kpa
C. 144.34 kpa
D. 110.23 kpa
78. In a Rankine cycle the quality of steam
leaving the turbine is 90% with mass
flow of 4800 kg/hr wet steam. Find the
mass of vapor.Answer: D
A. 1295 kg/hr
B. 2841 kg/hr
C. 3089 kg/hr
D. 4320 kg/hr
79. A turbine has an efficiency of 75% and
a kilowatt output of 5500 kw at full
load. If the available energy of the
turbine is 1200 KJ/kg, determine the
steam flow at the turbine per
hour.Answer: B
A. 900 kg/hr
B. 22,000 kg/hr
C. 7,333.33 kg/hr
D. 6.11 kg/hr
80. In an air compressor, the compression
takes place at a constant internal
energy and 50 KJ of heat are rejected
to the cooling water every kg air. Find
the work required for
compression.Answer: B
A. 5 KJ/kg
B. 50 KJ/kg
C. 15 KJ/kg
D. 30 KJ/kg
81. A certain location has barometric
reading of 720 mm Hg and the
gravitational acceleration is 9.2 m/s 2. If
the temperature of mercury is 9°C at
which density is 12,850 kg/m3,
compute the atmospheric
pressure.Answer: D
A. 94.62 kpa
B. 830 kpa
C. 58.51 kpa
D. 85.12 kpa
82. One Kmol of C8H18 is burned with
100% air containing 25 Kmol of O2.
Determine the air-fuel ratio for this
combustion process.Answer: A
A. 30.38 kg air/kg fuel
B. 25.73 kg air/kg fuel
C. 35.72 kg air/kg fuel
D. 45.07 kg air/kg fuel
83. In a certain steam plant, the turbine
develops 1000 Kw. The heat supplied
to the steam boiler is 2800 KJ/kg, the
heat rejected by the system to the
cooling water in the condenser is 2100
KJ/kg and the feed pump work is 5
kw. Calculate the steam flow round the
cycle in kg/s.Answer: A
A. 1.42
C. 4.21
D. 2.41
84. The heat transferred to the engine from
a furnace is at a rate of 60 MW,
compute the thermal efficiency of the
heat when the rate of waste heat
rejection from a nearby reservoir is 40
MW.Answer: C
A. 66.67%
B. 50.0%
C. 33.33%
D. 100%
85. A steam turbine receives a steam flow
of 1.35 kg/s and delivers 500 KW. The
heat loss in the casing is negligible.
Find the heat drop across the turbine,
the entrance velocity is 60 m/s. the exit
velocity is 36 m/s and the inlet pipe is
3 m above the exhaust pipe.Answer: A
A. 372 KJ/kg
B. 307 KJ/kg
C. 703 KJ/kg
D. 320 KJ/kg
86. A nozzle which is well insulated has a
fluid enthalpy of 3025 KJ/kg and a
velocity of 60 m/s at the inlet. The
fluid leaves the nozzle with an
enthalpy of 2790 KJ/kg. Determine the
fluid rate of flow in kg/s if the inlet
area is 0.10 m2 and specific volume at
inlet is 0.19 m3/kg.Answer: C
A. 6.13
B. 3.16
C. 31.6
D. 63.1
87. What is the volume of a rigid tank that
contains 15 kilograms of water at a
temperature of 95°C (P = 84.55 kpa,
vf= 0,001040 m3/kg, vg = 1.982 m3/kg),
if 10 kilograms of this water liquid and
the remaining is in vapor form?
Answer: B
A. 12.892 cubic meters
B. 9.9204 cubic meters
C. 0.0156 cubic meters
D. 5.6549 cubic meters
88. A single acting reciprocating pump
with a diameter of 0.18 m and a stroke
of 0.30 m, delivers water at a rate of
0.18 cubic meter per minute. What is
the percentage slip it delivers at 25
revolutions per minute?Answer: A
A. 5.7%
 B. 8.4%
C. 10.5%
D. 1.6%
89. At P2.50 per kw-hr, how much will it
cost to maintain a temperature of 96
degrees F for 24 hour in a box 2 ft
square on each side if the outside
temperature is 72 degrees F and the
overall heat transfer coefficient for the
box is 0.1 Btu/hr-sq-ft degree
difference in temperature?Answer: A
A. P1.01
B. P2.50
C. P1.50
D. P2.01
90. An air bubbles rises from the bottom
of a water storage tank. The
temperature at the surface of the
bottom of the tank is 77 degree F rises
to the surface where the temperature is
83 degree F. what is the percent
increase in volume of the bubble if the
height of water in the tank is 20 feet?
The atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psia.
If the height of the water in the tank is
20 feet? The atmospheric pressure is
14.7 psia.Answer: C
A. 80%
B. 75%
C. 61%
D. 52%
91. If the available water power of a
hydrostatic station is 3,500 MW and
head of water is 280 m, determine the
water rate of low.Answer: D
A. 1420 cubic meters
B. 12,500 cubic meters
C. 875 cubic meters
D. 1275.10 cubic
meters
92. Determine the heat transfer to the
cooling fluid in a condenser operating
under steady flow condition with
steam entering with an enthalpy of
2300 KJ/kg and a velocity of 350 m/s.
The condensate leaves with an
enthalpy of 160 KJ/kg and a velocity
of 70 m/s.Answer: D
A. -1992 KJ/kg
B. -2910 KJ/kg
C. 2910 KJ/kg
D. -2199 KJ/kg
93. A single acting reciprocating pump has
a diameter of 0.12 meter and a stroke
of 0.25 meter. Compute the theoretical
discharge if the pump delivers water at
60 rpm.Answer: C
A. 0.5965 cubic
meter/min
B. 0.05965 cubic
meter/min
C. 0.1698 cubic
meter/min
D. 0.01698 cubic
meter/min
94. A gas turbine unit has a pressure ratio
of 6/1 and a maximum cycle
temperature of 600°C. The isentropic
efficiencies of the compressor and
turbine are 0.82 and 0.85 respectively.
Calculate the power output in KW of
an electric generator geared to the
turbine when air enters the compressor
at 15°C and a rate of 15 kg/s. For the
compression process cp = 1.0005
KJ/kg-K and k = 1.4, for the expansion
process cp = 1.11 KJ/kg-K and k =
1.333.Answer: D
A. 902 KW
B. 920 KW
C. 209 KW
D. 935 KW
95. A diesel generating unit with a
generator efficiency of 85% has an
output of 900 kw-hr. If the mass of
fuel is 200 kg, compute the fuel rate of
the engine.Answer: B
A. 0.80 kg/kw-hr
B. 0.19 kg/kw-hr
C. 0.40 kg/kw-hr
D. 0.95 kg/kw-hr
96. A water-tube condenser has a total of
60 tubes. If these two are passes, then
compute the number of tube per
pass.Answer: B
A. 60
B. 30
C. 15
D. 2
97. A tank contains saturated vapor of 35
kilogram at a temperature of 90
degrees C (h g = 2660.15 KJ/kg).
Compute enthalpy.Answer: B
A. 61920
B. 93105
C. 82677
D. 47632
98. A steam ower plant operates on a
simple ideal Rankine cycle. The steam
enters the turbine at 3 Mpa and 350°C
( h = 3115.3 KJ/kg, s = 6.7428 KJ/kg-
K) and is condensed at a pressure of 75
kpa (tsat = 91.78°C). What is the back
work ratio of the plant?Answer: C
Steam data: 75 kpa: sf = 1.213; sfg =6.2434
vf = 1.037 li/kg
hf = 384.39; hfg = 2278.6
A. 0.8%
B. 0.6%
C. 0.43%
D. 0.1%
 106. The primary winding of a transformer
99. What is the power produced by a is connected to a 240 V power source.
steam power plant which has a pump What is the secondary voltage if the
work of 5 KJ/kg and a turbine work of transformer has a rated ratio of 1 to 2?
550 KJ/kg? The mass flow rate is 15 Answer: B
kg/sec?Answer: D A. 240
A. 7250 KW B. 480
B. 9000 KW C. 12100
C. 9500 KW D. 400
D. 8175 KW
107. One foot of H2O is equal to
100. A prony brake test was done for an Answer: A
electric motor. The motors turn 1,800 A. 62.4 psf
revolutions per minute with a torque of B. 43 psf
3 Newton-meter. Calculate the motor C. 79.3 psf
power output in watts.Answer: B D. 84.5 psf
A. 166.66 watts
B. 565.44 watts 108. The relation between the °R
C. 5,400 watts scale and °K scale isAnswer: A
D. 600 watts A. R = 1.8 K
B. R = 0.55 K
101. What is the specific gravity of C. R = 32 K
an oil which has a Baume D. R = 6 K
reading of 28?Answer: B
A. 0.215 109. A vapor compression engine operates
B. 0.886 between temperatures -10°F and
C. 0.562 -190°F. Find the coefficient of
D. 0.774 performance.Answer: D
A. 4.5
102. Heat flows inside a cold storage by B. 3.5
conduction. The amount of heat C. 6
flowing is 250 KJ in one hour. D. 2.5
Compute the amount of heat flowing
to the storage in 3 hours, assuming all
conditions are the same.Answer: C 110. An Otto cycle has an initial
A. 83.3 KJ temperature of 30°C and pressure of
B. 250 KJ 100 kpa. The maximum temperature of
C. 750 KJ the cycle is 1500°C with compression
D. 500 KJ ratio of 6. Find the maximum pressure
of the cycle.Answer: D
103. An electric motor draws a current of A. 567 kpa
25 amperes from a power source of B. 2938 kpa
120 volts. Compute the power C. 3304 kpa
used.Answer: B D. 3511 kpa
A. 6 kw
111. In an R-12 refrigeration system, the
B. 2 kw
mass flow of refrigerant is 3.5 kg/s and
C. 4.8 kw
refrigerating effect of 250 KJ/kg. If
D. 0.21 kw
COP is 5, gind the heat
104. An ideal gas at 50 psig and 110°F is rejected.Answer: C
heated in a closed cylindrical vessel. A. 1000 kw
What is the temperature if the pressure B. 1025 kw
gauge reading is 100 psig?Answer: B C. 1050 kw
A. 700 degree F D. 1200 kw
B. 550.5 degree F
C. 532.76 degree F 112What is the efficiency of the pump
D. 700 degree F having a head of 500 m and mass of
water of 50 kg/s if motor driving has a
105. The compression ratio of an ideal Otto power of 300 kw.Answer: C
cycle is 6. Under the cold air A. 73.45%
assumption, compute the thermal B. 78.49%
efficiency of the cycle.Answer: B C. 81.75%
A. 48.84% D. 87.35%
B. 51.16%
C. 58.29%
D. 60.40% 112. The pressure of water is 30 kpa. What
is the absolute pressure in meter of
 water?Answer: B
A. 10.23 m of H2O
B. 13.38 m of H2O
C. 15.34 m H2O
D. 17.34 m of H2O

113. A gas turbine has a turbine work of

1000 KJ/kg and compressor work of
500 KJ/kg. If the mass of circulating is
2 kg/s, find the net work output of the
turbine?Answer: C
A. 500 kw
B. 750 kw
C. 1000 kw
D. 1250 kw