Department of Applied Mathematics

Subject: Vector Differential

Tutorial Sheet questions with solutions (E-2BT)

Find the level surface of the scalar fields defined by the following functions.
Q 1. f  x  y  z
A 1. We find that, f ( x, y, z)  c gives x  y  z  c .
Therefore, the level surfaces are plane.

Q 2. f  x2  y 2  z
A 2. We find that, f ( x, y, z )  x 2  y 2  z  c gives z  c  x 2  y 2 which represents elliptic
paraboloid. Therefore, the level surfaces are paraboloids of revolution.

Q 3. f  x 2  9 y 2  16 z 2
x2 9 y 2
A 3. We find, x 2  9 y 2  16 z 2  c    z 2  c1 which represents the ellipsoids.
16 16

In the following problems, find the indicative derivative using the differentiation rules.
Assume that all the given vector functions are differentiable.
Q 4. u(t )  5t 2i  tj  t 3k , f (t )  sin t , [f(t) u(t)]
A 4.
[ f (t )u (t )]
 [sin t  (5t 2i  tj  t 3k )]
 (sint)(5 t 2 i  tj  t 3k )  sin t (5t 2i  tj  t 3k )
 cost(5 t 2 i  tj  t 3k )  sin t (10ti  j  3t 2 k )
 (5t 2 cos t  10t sin t )i  (t cos t  sin t ) j  (t 3 cos t  3t 2 sin t )k

Q 5. u(t )  6t 2i  tj  3t 2k , v(t )  ti  t 2 j  2tk , [u(t)  v(t)]

A 5.
[u (t )  v(t )]
 [(6t 2i  tj  3t 2 k )  (ti  t 2 j  2tk )]
 (6t 2i  tj  3t 2 k )  (ti  t 2 j  2tk )  (6t 2i  tj  3t 2 k )  (ti  t 2 j  2tk )
 (12ti  j  6tk )  (ti  t 2 j  2tk )  (6t 2i  tj  3t 2 k )  (i  2tj  2k )
 [12t 2 (i  i )  12t 3 (i  j )  24t 2 (i  k )  t ( j  i )  t 2 ( j  j )  2t ( j  k )  6t 2 (k  i )
 6t 3 (k  j )  12t 2 (k  k )]  [6 t 2 (i  i )  12t 3 (i  j )  12t 2 (i  k )  t ( j  i )  2t 2 ( j  j )
 2t ( j  k )  3t 2 (k  i )  6t 3 (k  j )  6t 2 (k  k )
 [(2t  6t 3 )i  (6t 2  24t 2 ) j  (12t 3  t ) k ]  [(2t  6t 3 )i  (3t 2  12t 2 ) j  (12t 3  t ) k ]
 4t (1  3t 2 )i  27t 2 j  2t (6t 2  1)k
 2 2
Q 6. [t u (t )]

A 6. I) Let,
u  t   5t 2i  tj  t 3k

 t 2u  t 2     t 2   5t 4i  t 2 j  t 6 k   t 2  5t 4i  t 2 j  t 6 k 

 2t  5t 4i  t 2 j  t 6 k   t 2  20t 3i  2tj  6t 5 k 
 30t 5i  4t 3 j  8t 7 k

II) Let,
u  t   6t 2i  tj  3t 2 k

 t 2u  t 2     t 2   6t 4i  t 2 j  3t 4 k   t 2  6t 4i  t 2 j  3t 4 k 

 2t  6t 4i  t 2 j  3t 4 k   t 2  24t 3i  2tj  12t 3k 

 36t 5i  4t 3 j  18t 5 k

In the following problems, compute the gradient of the scalar function and evaluate it at the
given point.
Q 7. x3  3x 2 y 2  y3 ,(1, 2).
A 7. Let, f  x, y   x3  3x2 y 2  y3
   
f ( x, y )   i  j   x 3  3x 2 y 2  y 3 
 x y 
 (3x 2  6 xy 2 )i  (3 y 2  6 x 2 y) j
f ( x, y ) at (1, 2)  21i

Q 8. ln( x 2  y 2  z 2 ),(3, 4,5)

A 8. Let, f ( x, y, z )  ln( x 2  y 2  z 2 )
    
f ( x, y, z )   i  j  k  ln( x 2  y 2  z 2 )
 x y z 
2
 2 ( xi  yj  zk )
(x  y2  z2 )
1
f ( x, y, z ) at (3, 4,5)  (3i  4 j  5k )
25


Q 9. x3  y 3 sin 4 y  z 2 , (1, ,1)
3
A 9.
  
f ( x, y, z )  (i  j  k )( x3  y 3 sin 4 y  z 2 )  3x 2i  (3 y 2 sin 4 y  4 y 3 cos 4 y ) j  2 zk
x y z
 2
f ( x, y, z ) at (1, ,1)  3i  (9 3  4 ) j  2k
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