Advanced Mathematical Methods

Functional Analysis and Numerics for PDEs

A.A. 2020/2021

Lecturer : M. Fedele

Laboratory 2
Elliptic problems

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Exercise 1
Consider in Ω the following reaction-diusion problem:
in Ω,

−∆u + u = 1

u = x + y on ΓD , (1)
∇u · n = 0 on ΓN ,



where Ω given in the holed mesh holed.msh.

1. Write the weak formulation of (1) and discuss its well-posedness.
2. Using FreeFem++, compute the approximate solution uh obtained with linear nite ele-
ments. In the given mesh, the labels of ΓD and ΓN are 1 and 2, respectively.

Exercise 2
Consider in Ω = (0, 1)2 the following advection-diusion problem:

in Ω,
(
−∆u + b · ∇u = f
(2)
u = 0 on ∂Ω,

where b = [0, 1] and f ∈ L2 (Ω).

1. Write the weak formulation of (2).
2. Choose f (x, y) so that the exact solution of (2) is given by uex (x, y) = sin(πx)(y − y 2 ).
3. Using FreeFem++, compute kuex −uh kL2 (Ω) and kuex −uh kH 1 (Ω) for h = 0.2, 0.1, 0.05, 0.025,
where uh is the quadratic nite element approximation of (2). Report the results in a table
together with the experimental convergence rate.
4. Comment on the results.

1
Exercise 3
Let us consider the following 2-D elliptic problem:

in Ω,


−∆u = f,
on ΓD ,

u=0 (3)
 ∂u = 2, on ΓN ,


∂n
where Ω is the unitary circle, ΓD := {(cos(t), sin(t)) : t ∈ [0, 4π/3]}, ΓN := {(cos(t), sin(t)) :
t ∈ [4π/3, 2π]}, n is the outward normal unit vector and f is dened as

f = −4(cos(x2 + y 2 − 1) − (x2 + y 2 ) sin(x2 + y 2 − 1)).

1. Write the variational formulation for the problem (3).

2. Using FreeFem++, compute the linear nite element approximation uh of (3).
3. Suppose that uex = sin(x2 + y 2 − 1) is the exact solution of (3). Compute the L2 norm
of the error kuex − uh kL2 (Ω) and verify experimentally the order of convergence. Comment
on the results.