9-11

Technical-Vocational
and Livelihood
(Automotive Servicing NC I)
Module 3
Applying Appropriate
Sealant/Adhesive
Technical Vocational and Livelihood (Automotive Servicing) – Grade 9-11
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Applying Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks,
etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort
has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective
copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over
them.

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Elfe C. Bayot
Editors: Davis B. Mutoc, Rexon L. Sebastian, Randy L. Tancio
Reviewers: Joan I. Vilasor
Layout Artist: Jeophil P. Fuentes, Glen D. Napoles, Allan T. Basubas, Alex Macayo,
Jay Ar Espartero, Mark Daryl Lazaro, Krys Mavren Fabreo
Cover Art Designer: Ian Caesar E. Frondoza
Management Team: Allan G. Farnazo, CESO IV – Regional Director
Fiel Y. Almendra, CESO V – Assistant Regional Director
Isagani S. Dela Cruz - Division Superintendent
Natividad G. Ocon - Division Superintendent
Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD
Arturo D. Tingson Jr. – REPS, LRMS
Peter Van C. Ang-ug – REPS, ADM
Gilda A. Orendain – REPS, TLE
Elpedio B. Daquipil - CID Chief
Juvy B. Nitura - Division EPS in Charge of LRMS
Marcelo A. Bocatera - Division ADM Coordinator

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN Region

Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
E-mail Address: region12@deped.gov.ph
 9-11

Technical-Vocational
and Livelihood
(Automotive Servicing NC I)
Quarter 1 – Module 3
Aplying Appropriate
Sealant/Adhesive
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Automotive Servicing Grade 9-11 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on

Apply Sealant Adhesive/Sealant

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

Hello, dear teacher of learning. You are lucky to have this
learning material for you to easily deliver the lesson for our
learners, enhance their knowledge on specific learning competency
and will help them achieve our learning objectives. Please tell our
learners to read, understand, analyze, and answer all the activities
and questions seriously as this material is designed and made for
them.
Also inform our learners to take some precautionary
measures and some activities needs extra care. Don’t go beyond
our objectives and main goal for our learners. As a teacher let us
be an agent to let them love learning through this module. Be an
agent of learning. Have fun!

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

ii
For the learner:

Welcome to the Technical-Vocational and Livelihood Self-Learning Module (SLM) on

Apply Sealant/Adhesive

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

iii
 What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

iii
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the prepare surface for sealant/adhesive application. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language
used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read
them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module focus on this lesson:

● Lesson 3 – Apply sealant/adhesive evenly

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify the different techniques in applying sealant/adhesive
2. perform by removing excess sealant/adhesive by sanding or scraping
3. value safety in handling hazardous adhesive / sealant

iii
 What I Know

Activity 1:

Directions: Read and understand each statement carefully, Write your answer on
a separate sheet of paper.

Test A. Identify the different types of PPE as described in each number. Choose the
letter of your answer from the choices given inside the box.

A. Goggles B. Apron C. PAPR D. Gloves E. Face shield

F. Tapes

1. It is used to protect the skin from irritation.

2. This suit is used to protect your skin and clothing from contamination.
3. It is positioned over face and is secured on brow with headband once goggles are
in place.
4. Powered Air Purifying respirator.
5. This PPE is used to protect eyes, eye sockets, and facial area immediately
surrounding the eyes from impact and splashes.

Test B. Arrange the following steps/procedures in removing adhesive sealant in

metal in chronological order. Write numbers from 1 to 5 in labeling the steps. Write
your answer in your activity notebook.

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4

Step 5

1. Scrape away as much of the old caulk as you can with a sharp razor blade. Push
the razor away from you, being careful not to scratch into the finish on the metal.
2. Allow the area to dry completely before re-caulking.
3. Make a thick paste by mixing powdered abrasive cleaner with water. Apply this
directly to the caulk. It will not harm the metal but may harm other neighboring
materials.
4. Wet the area thoroughly and scrub with a nylon dish scrubber or medium bristle
brush. Avoid metal scrubbers as these will scratch your surface.
5. Scrub thoroughly with the abrasive cleaner and your nylon scrubber to remove
the rest of the silicone. Rinse the area thoroughly.

2
Test C. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter in your activity
notebook.

11. Which of the following is used to remove the gasket residue before a new is
installed?
A. Epoxy
B. Scraper
C. Sealant
D. Urethane

12.Which of the following is used to scrape residue from the glass?

A. Hair dryer
B. Razor blade
C. Scraper
D. Steel wool

13 What PPE is used to protect your eyes in any chemical contact?

A. Apron
B. Face shield
C. Gloves
D. Goggles

14. Which of the following is used to melt adhesive sealant?

A. Hair dryer
B. Scraper
C. Silicon remover
D. Tapes

15. What appropriate tool is used to scrape excess sealant/adhesive?

A. Abrasive remover
B. Bristle brush
C. Caulk remover
D. Scraper

3
 What’s In

Directions: Enumerate the five (5) tools and materials needed in preparing surface
materials for adhesive sealant application. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.

What’s New

Activity 1 Directions: Write True if the statement is correct and False if it is

wrong. Write the correct answer in your activity notebook.
1. Wear mechanic’s gloves to avoid direct contact of sealants to your hands.
2. Following proper steps is important before applying sealant/adhesive in any
surfaces.

3. Cleaned Surface is not necessary before applying sealant/adhesive.

4. Plastic surfaces must be clean, dry, and free of contaminants prior to the
application of silicone sealant.

5. Silicone glue comes in different sized tubes and can be applied directly to the
wood.

What is It

Techniques in applying adhesive/sealant.

For Metal
The bonding surface of the silicone sealant must be clean, dry, and free from any
contaminants.
Procedures:
Step1: Remove old sealant/adhesive from metal surface by
using gasket scraper.

4
 Step 2: Use cloth cleaning rags after removing the
sealant/adhesive by scraping.

Step 3: Make sure that the metal surface is well cleaned and
free from dust
to achieve right sealant/adhesion.

Step 4: Always check the sealant label to insure that it will

appropriate to use or apply in metal surface.

Step 5: Wear proper PPE when handling sealant to avoid any direct contact
to your skin there are some sealant that is irritable to skin.

For Plastics
Plastic surfaces must be clean, dry, and free of contaminants prior to the
application of silicone sealant. These substrates must be cleaned using the two-
cloth cleaning method described previously within this document. Preventing oily
fingerprints from being introduced onto these substrates is an important
precaution to maintain cleanliness and create an ideal surface for the sealant to
develop adhesion to.

Procedures:

Step 1: Clean your plastic surface. Before gluing, always wash

plastic with soap, use a specialized plastic cleaner, or soak the
plastic in isopropyl alcohol to clean. Dry thoroughly. Avoid
touching the plastic with bare hands to minimize oil residue.

Step 2: Sand the surface. To create a rough surface for the glue to
bond to, sand the plastic with 120 to 200 grit sandpaper. Steel
wool or emery cloth will also work, but remember it only needs
to be rubbed briefly. To make your life easier, the Loctite two-
part plastic bonding system has an activator that helps
roughen the surface.

Step 3: Get precise. For precise, detailed plastic glue application, use

a small paintbrush or the tip of a needle.

5
Step 4: Mix components if required. Two-part epoxies or adhesives
are durable, but they need some preparations. Read your
product’s instructions carefully for blend ratios. Mix as directed
to activate the adhesive.

Surface Preparation Techniques in Applying Adhesive/Sealant for

Glass
Procedures:
Step 1: Surfaces to be bonded must be clean and dry.
Step 2: Surfaces should be free from grease, mold release and oil.

Step 3: Abrading the non-glass surface with 180 to 220 grit abrasive
followed by a solvent wipe will improve the bond. Suitable
solvents include 3M Adhesive Remover, IPA (Isopropyl alcohol)
and acetone.

Step: 4 Use glass cleaning agent to clean both sides of windshield.

Techniques in Applying Adhesive Sealant in Wood Surface

Prepare wood for sealant/adhesive

Step 1: Sand the wood until it is very smooth. Sand the entire surface
with hand sander or an electric to get rid of rough areas and
imperfections. If your wood sanding with a rough sandpaper
with a grit of 100 or 120.

Warning: Wear a dust mask while you are sanding to avoid inhaling
wood particles.

Step 2: Remove any entire surface several times. This will help you
avoid getting wood particles stuck in your sealant, which will
create an imperfect surface

Step 3: Stain the wood to change the color or to highlight the grain, if
desired. Apply the stain before you apply your sealant so that it
is able to soak into the surface.

6
Step 4: Use a stain and sealant combo to complete your project quickly. These
products allow you to apply colorant and create a water-resistance surface
at the same time.

Applying Sealant/Adhesive Before Placing Gasket

Procedures in Applying Metal Surface for Sealant/Adhesive

Tools and materials needed:

1. Scraper
2. Shop towel
3. Cleaning rags
4. Sealant adhesive
5. Scriber

Steps in cleaning the surface material before applying Sealant/Adhesive

Step 1: Used PPE gloves, googles if necessary there are adhesive sealant can
irritate skin.
Step 2: Remove the gasket residue using gasket scraper before a new gasket is
installed. Gasket residue needs to be removed so the new gasket can be
placed onto the engine block smoothly.
Step 3: Clean the surface free of moisture, dust, and other foreign matters before
applying sealant/adhesive for the effective adhesion or seal.
Step 4: Identify the appropriate sealant/adhesive that is fit to used
Step 5: Always read the sealant/adhesive precaution before using.

7
7
 How to Apply Glass Sealant?

Step 1: First, if you aren’t sure where water is entering, you will
want to identify the leak. Use a garden hose to go around
the edge of the windshield and gasket, testing small areas
and looking for signs of water.

Step 2: Then use a thick roll of masking tape or painter’s tape to

protect the windshield and car’s paint as you work. Apply
the tape around the edge of the glass and the car frame.
Take your time on this step. Be careful to line up the tape
precisely, covering the glass and frame, but not the gap or
gasket.

Step 3: If there are any visible signs of corrosion or rust around the leak, you
will want to treat that area. To temporarily fix the rust problem, it
should be sanded and cleaned.

Step 4: Cut the tip of the windshield and glass sealant tube at an angle to allow
only a small flow of silicone gel.

Step 5: Insert the now open tip into the gap where the windshield has been
leaking. Gently squeeze the tube and apply enough sealant to fill the
gap until the gel is level with the windshield glass and frame.

Step6: Allow the windshield glass sealant to dry for 10-15 minutes. Then,
remove the tape from around the glass and windshield frame. It’s
important to pull all of the tape off before the silicone dries completely.

8
 Applying sealant/Adhesive for plastic

Step 1: Mix components if required. Two-part epoxies or adhesives

are durable, but they need some preparations. Read your
product’s instructions carefully for blend ratios. Mix as
directed to activate the adhesive.

Step 2: Clamp for a firm seal. Sealing pieces tightly is crucial. Use a

clamp, tape, or elastics to hold parts firmly together while glue dries. Curing
times can range from a few minutes up to 24 hours, so check your product
directions.

Step 3: Clean-up and storage. Remove any excess uncured glue or

spillage immediately using isopropyl alcohol or denatured
alcohol. Mineral spirits can also be used. Seal the bottle
tightly and store in a dry location at a temperature below
75°F (24°C).

Apply sealant/Adhesive sealant Wood

When it comes to using silicone glue, it is important to remember that wood
surfaces should be clean, as smooth as possible, and dry.

9
Procedures:
Step 1: Use sand paper to smooth the surface and remove minor
imperfection.
Step 2 – Apply Silicone Glue
Silicone glue comes in different sized tubes and can be
applied directly to the wood. Bigger sized tubes fit perfectly
in caulk guns to better facilitate the process, especially if you
are working on a large area.

Step 3 – Allow for Proper Dry Time

Although silicone glue dries up to a very durable and strong
adhesive, it takes a very long time to do so, at times even up
to
three days. So it is very important to let it dry properly.

Removing excess sealant/adhesive on different surfaces

Simple way to remove Silicone sealant from metal:
Silicone is used to caulk materials together. Metal tubs, sinks, and pipes
may be caulked with silicone to neighboring materials to create a tight seal.
However, silicone does not stick to wet surfaces, so you may find that you need to
remove it from metal if your surfaces were not sealed properly because of moisture.
There are caulk removers on the market, but most do not work with silicone. The
best solution is elbow grease combined with the right tools.

Step 1: Scrap the excess sealant/adhesive using metal scraper

Step 2: Wet the area thoroughly and scrub with a nylon dish
scrubber or medium bristle brush. Avoid metal scrubbers as
these will scratch your surface.

Step 3: Make a thick paste by mixing powdered abrasive cleaner with

water. Apply this directly to the caulk. It will not harm the metal but may
harm other neighboring materials.

Step 4: Scrub thoroughly with the abrasive cleaner and your nylon
scrubber to remove the rest of the silicone. Rinse the area
thoroughly.

10
 Removing excess sealant/adhesive in plastic surface:

Step 1: Set a hair dryer to low and aim it at the plastic surface for
five to 10 minutes. It does not always work, but if there is
only a small amount of dried glue, you might get lucky. Give
the hair dryer enough time to melt the glue and then rub off
the rest with your hand.
Step 2: Soak a cotton ball in vegetable oil, or any type of oil that you
have on hand. Eucalyptus oil works great, but so do some
beauty products that contain oil such as Skin So Soft. The
oil breaks down the dried glue and helps it slide off easily.

Step 3: Apply the cotton ball to the surface of the plastic and rub it
around to coat the entire spot. You may also want to apply a
liberal coating to the edges of the dried glue, which lets it
soak underneath the glue. Let this sit for at least an hour
and overnight if you have the time.

Step 4: Remove as much of the oil from the plastic as possible with
paper towels. Rub the plastic roughly with the towels and
the glue should slide right off. If you notice that any pieces
are still stuck to the plastic, apply a little pressure with the
edge of your fingernail to gently lift it off.

Step 5: Wash the item using warm, soapy water and dishwashing detergent. It's
helpful to use detergent with grease cutting abilities since this removes any
traces of the oil left behind. Once the item dries, you will find no trace of
the dried glue or oil.

Tip: Try using a product specifically designed to remove adhesive such as Goo
Gone. Alternatively, you can use hand sanitizer. Just apply the hand sanitizer
directly to the plastic until it coats the glue and then scrape it off with your
fingernail or a small butter knife.

11
 Removing Excess Sealant/Adhesive from Glass
Procedures:

Step 1: Scrape off stubborn glues: Scrape the residue from the
glass using a plastic scraper, razor blade, or utility knife. Use
a smooth motion, careful not to slice the glass.

Step 2: Solvent plus scraping: Weaken the glue first with a

solvent,
then scrape with a tool as above. Use a tool that is sturdy
and won’t snap under pressure.

Step 3: Steel wool: Soak steel wool in soapy water and rub the
glue.
Use firm pressure, but take caution not to scratch the glass
surround and beneath. Removing dried glue from glass that
is already dried is trickier to remove than wet glue, but
similar methods can be applied.

Step 4: Rubbing alcohol. Lighter fluid, or nail polish remover. These

solvents can work wonders in removing glue and glue
residue from glass. Apply sparingly — a concentrated dose
will work better than splashing it everywhere.

Step 5: Spray lubricant or paint thinner: These products penetrate

the glue, allowing you to loosen it from glass. Spray them on,
let them work into the glue, then scrub with a rag.

Step 6: White vinegar: Ordinary vinegar works well for removing

left-behind tape residue. Rub the vinegar into the glue and
polish away with a cloth.

Removing Excess Sealant/Adhesive from Wood Surface

Procedure:

Step 1: Remove any loose bits of caulk. Pull off as much caulk as
you can with your fingers.

Step 2: Warm up the caulk with a hair dryer or a heat gun to soften
it. Be careful not to overheat and damage the finish on the
wood.

12
Step 3: Use a sharp razor blade to slice out the caulk. Hold the blade
at a low angle so as not to puncture or scratch the wood.
Slice large flaps in the caulk and grab hold of them with your
fingers to pull and remove good size chunks of caulk.

Step 4: Use caulk remover to further soften the caulk if you continue
to have difficulty removing. Test a small amount of the
remover on the wood first to make sure that it will not
damage the finish.

Step 5: Rub off last lingering chunks of caulk with a damp rag.

Safety Requirements Applying Sealant Adhesives

HEALTH & SAFETY

Health Protection: The aim of health protection is to protect people against
hazards and exposure. “Work protection” is used to describe protection in
commercial and industrial work environments while “consumer protection” refers
to private users.

Work Protection: Industrial and commercial users of adhesives require special

protection because they work on daily basis with adhesives, often for many hours a
day. In addition to hazards associated with the physical properties of adhesives
such as flammability, explosiveness and burns when using hot melts, it is in
particular chemical effects such as toxicity, skin irritation, acid burns and allergies
which have to be avoided. This is achieved by equipping the workplace with
properly designed air replenishment and ventilation systems, providing workers
with personal protection equipment (e.g. work clothing, gloves, and safety glasses)
and ensuring that hygiene regulations are adhered to (e.g. thorough washing of the
skin before breaks and at the end of work; refraining from eating, drinking and
smoking in the workplace). Safety officers monitor compliance with these safety
measures. Personnel who work with adhesives undergo regular training on matters
relating to work safety and environmental protection. If special risks are involved,
then personnel undergo regular medical examinations.

13
Adhesives and sealants come in different forms. They can pose safety risks to
workers in the form of fires and explosions, or health risks due to their chemical
properties. Recommended use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Health safety in handling Adhesive/Sealant

1. Chemical goggles protect your eyes, eye sockets, and the facial
area immediately surrounding the eyes from impact, dust, and
splashes

2. Used hand protective gloves, if necessary there are adhesive

sealant that can irritate skin.

3. Powered Air Purifying Respirator (PAPR

4. Apron and Tyvek suit are used to protect your skin and
clothing from contamination.

5. Once goggles are in place, position face shield over face and
secure on brow with headband.

14
 Waste Disposal

Hygiene

Do not store or consume any food or drink in designated chemical storage areas or
in an area where adhesives are handled or used.

Certain adhesives emit dust or toxic vapors which can be a health hazard. Refer to
the Safety Data Sheet for personal protective equipment requirements such as dust
masks, respirators, protective clothing, eye protection and/or adequate ventilation.

Skin contact should be minimized. Refer to the manufacturer’s recommendations

on barrier and cleansing creams appropriate for their products.

Spillage and waste disposal

Attend to spillages of any type immediately. Refer to the Safety Data Sheet on
spillage procedures. Generally, an inert material can be used
to soak up the spillage, which can then be placed in a
suitably closed container for safe disposal.

For solvent-based adhesives, care must be taken in the

disposal of full or empty containers to avoid a latent
explosion and/or fire hazard. The empty containers should
be either carefully punctured or left open to
eliminate/minimize solvent vapor-air expansion and internal
pressure build-up when subject to high ambient
temperature.

Warning: Aerosol packages are pressurized and must not be punctured unless all
internal pressure has been relieved.

Storage

All flammable adhesives should be stored in suitable

flameproof areas. Do not allow smoking near any adhesives
and sealants storage area as even non-flammable adhesives
can emit vapors which may be converted to toxic products by
a burning cigarette.

15
Usage

Avoid contact with the skin. Removal of adhesives from the skin
should be done with suitable antiseptic cleaning agents rather
than straight solvents. When handling low-viscosity adhesives,
suitably approved goggles or face shields should be worn to
protect the eyes from splashes.

Hot melt adhesives

Hot melt adhesives in molten form present the greatest hazards

during use or application. Suitable protective clothing must be worn
to prevent severe burns arising from skin contact. If a molten adhesive
is being used or transferred, or if there is a danger of splashing, wear
suitably approved eye and face protection.

Powder adhesives

Powder adhesives cover a wide range of products – from powdered

starch and animal glues, which are relatively innocuous, to the more hazardous
synthetic resin powders.

Some powder adhesives may contain caustic or acidic material. Approved eye
protective goggles must be worn when handling these products.

If necessary, a suitable respirator should be worn to avoid the inhalation of dust

particles.

Types of sealants and their possible hazards

Spray Polyurethane Foam

•    Bioaccumulation toxin and reproductive harm from
fire retardant
•    Cancer and asthma from isocyanates, chemicals
that function as a building block of polyurethane.

Polyurethane Sealants
•    Reproductive harm and asthma from phthalates, a
type of plasticizer
•    Cancer and asthma from isocyanates, chemicals that
function as a building block of polyurethane
•    Cancer and gene damage from solvent
•    Reproductive harm and endocrine disruptor from
solvent
•    Cancer from use of titanium dioxide, both a colorant
and a filler material

16
MS Polyether Sealants
•    Bioaccumulation toxin from UV stabilizer and
catalyst
•    Reproductive harm and asthma from phthalates, a
type of plasticizer
•    Cancer from silica filler material
•    Cancer from use of titanium dioxide, both a colorant
and a filler material
Butyl Caulks
•    Cancer from silica filler material
•    Cancer and gene damage from solvent
•    Cancer from use of titanium dioxide, both a
colorant and a filler material
Silicone Sealants
•    Bioaccumulation toxin and endocrine disruptor
from materials used to make silicone and a
catalyst
chemical
•    Reproductive and developmental harm as a by-
product of curing (or drying process) and from
solvent
•    Cancer from solvent
•    Cancer from use of titanium dioxide, both a
colorant
and a filler material
•    Developmental and endocrine disruptor from solvent
Acrylic Latex Sealant
•    Reproductive harm and asthma from phthalates,
a type of plasticizer
•    Cancer from silica filler material
•    Cancer and gene damage from solvent
•    Cancer from use of titanium dioxide, both a
colorant and a filler material
•    Asthma from pH adjuster

Categories of Sealants

The majority of construction and caulks in use today fall into one of six chemical
categories: 
•    One-component spray foam (SPF);
•    One-component moisture-cured polyurethane sealants;
•    MS polyether sealants;
•    One-component silicone sealants;
•    Solvent-based butyl caulks; and 
•    Acrylic latex caulks. 
After a thorough study of company literature and other available information,
the Healthy Building Network determined that the most toxic sealant among the
six types examined is the one-component spray polyurethane foam, which is laden
with isocyanates (at 30 percent by weight on average) and a chlorinated flame
retardant (10 percent by weight).  

17
The two most commonly used isocyanates—Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate
(MDI) and Toluene Diisocyanates (TDI)—can cause cancer and asthma. They
serve to activate the process to create the foam and produce the final
sealant/insulating product onsite during application.
Meanwhile, TCPP—the flame retardant in SPF—is a persistent bioaccumulative
toxin—meaning it never breaks down in the environment and builds up
concentration in humans and animals. Though regulators have not yet restricted
TCPP, the chemical is structurally similar to other chlorinated flame retardants
that are recognized carcinogens, mutagens, reproductive and developmental toxins,
neurotoxins and endocrine disruptors.
Sealants and Their Toxins

What’s More

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write in your activity
notebook.

1. What percentage of toxic polyurethane have?

A. 10%
B. 12 %
C. 15%
D. 22%

2. What adhesive sealant relatively innocuous, to the more hazardous synthetic

resin?
A. Acrylic
B. Cyanoacrylate
C. Epoxy
D. Powder adhesive

18
3. Which of the following sealant has reproductive harm and asthma from
phthalates, a type of plasticizer
A. Latex Sealant
B. Anaerobic
C. Cyanoacrylate
D. Epoxy Acrylic

4. How many percentage of toxic do an acrylic latex sealant have?

A. 5%
B. 9%
C. 20%
D. 22%

5. Which of the following it refers to?

A. Epoxy
B. Acrylic
C. Caulks
D. Anaerobic

What I Have Learned

Activity 3: Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write in your
activity notebook.

1. Which type of hazardous sealant has Bioaccumulation toxin and reproductive

harm from fire retardant?
A. Anaerobic
B. Cyanoacrylate
C. Epoxy
D. Spray Polyurethane

2.___________It is a Bioaccumulation toxin from UV stabilizer and catalyst?

A. Anaerobic
B. Cyanoacrylate
C. Epoxy
D. Ms polyether sealant

3. What type of sealant has reproductive harm and asthma from phthalates, a type
of plasticizer?
A. Acrylic latex sealant
B. Anaerobic
C. Cyanoacrylate
D. Epoxy

19
4. Which of the following is a type of hazardous sealant that has titanium dioxide,
both a colorant and a filler material?
A. Acrylic
B. Butyl Caulks
C. Cyanoacrylate
D. Epoxy

5. What is the most toxic sealant among the six types examined?
A. Acrylic
B. Anaerobic
C. Caulks
D. Spray Polyurethane

What I Can Do

Directions: Go to a shop near in your community interview a mechanic. What are

the techniques they followed in preparing surface material before applying adhesive
sealant application? Write your answer on your activity notebook .

Guide Questions:

1. Why it is important to wear PPE before applying a sealant/adhesive?

2. What are the techniques you followed before applying adhesive sealant?
3. What are the guide lines you followed in applying adhesive/sealant?
Rubrics for Essay

Criteria 5 (Excellent) 4 (Very 3 2 (Fair) 1 (Needs

satisfactory) (Satisfactory) Improvement)

Content All 1-2 3-4 5-6 7 and more

sentences sentences sentences in sentences sentences
in the essay in the the essay in the essay are not
are related essay are are not are not related to
to the topic not related related to related to the topic.
to the topic the topic the topic.

Organizational The essay The essay The essay The essay The essay
of Ideas contains a contains 1- contains 3-4 contains 5- contains 7
logical 2 sentences sentences 6 sentences and more
organization which are which are are which sentences
of ideas not not properly are not which are
properly organized,. properly not properly
organized. organized. organized.

20
 Assessment

Directions: Read and understand each question carefully. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

Test A. Arrange the following steps/procedures in removing excess

sealant/adhesive from wood surface. Choose the correct answer inside the box.
Write the correct answer in your activity notebook.

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5

1. Rub off last lingering chunks of caulk with a damp rag.

2. Use a sharp razor blade to slice out the caulk. Hold the blade at a low angle so
as not to puncture or scratch the wood.
3. Use caulk remover to further soften the caulk if you continue to have difficulty in
removing.
4. Remove any loose bits of caulk. Pull off as much caulk as you can with your
fingers.
5. Warm up the caulk with a hair dryer or a heat gun to soften it. Be careful not to
overheat and damage the finish on the wood.

Test B. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
6.What sealant remains flexible after curing, and have elastic bases?
A. Adhesive
B. Flexible sealant
C. Sealant
D. Surface material

7. Which of the choices is used to remove the gasket residue before a new gasket is
installed?
A. Epoxy
B. Sealant
CE. Urethane
A. Scrapper
D

8. Which sealant glue has different sized tubes and can be applied directly to the
wood?
A. Epoxy
B. Silicon glue
C. Hardening types

21
D. Non Hardening types

21
9. Which sealant is cure or set up firm?
A. Anaerobic
B. Cyanoacrylate
C. Epoxy
D. Epoxy Rigid

10. Which type of sealant has variety of backing and adhesives-usually in pressure
sensitive or solvent – activated adhesive-backs self –sticking tapes are also
made?
A. Anaerobic
B. Epoxy
C. Cyanoacrylate
D. Tapes

Test C. Match the sealants from Column A to its corresponding hazards in Column
B by writing the letter of the correct answer.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. Acrylic Latex Sealant A. Reproductive harm and asthma from

2. Silicone Sealants
3. Butyl Caulks
4. MS Polyether Sealants
5. Polyurethane Sealants
phthalates, a type of plasticizer
B.
- Cancer from silica filler material
-   Cancer and gene damage from
solvent
-   Cancer from use of titanium dioxide,
both a colorant and a filler material
C.
- Reproductive harm and asthma
from phthalates, a type of plasticizer
- Cancer and asthma from isocyanates,
chemicals that function as a building
block of polyurethane
D.
- Bioaccumulation toxin from UV
stabilizer and catalyst
- Reproductive harm and asthma from
phthalates, a type of plasticizer
- Cancer from silica filler material
E. Bioaccumulation toxin and endocrine
disruptor from materials used to make
silicone and a catalyst chemical
F. • Cancer from silica filler material
● Asthma from pH adjuster

Additional Activities

22
Directions: Enumerate the five (5) Procedures Techniques in applying
adhesive/sealant for Glass application. Write your answer in your activity
notebook.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

23
Answer Key

24
 What I have Additional Activities
Learned
Assessment 1. Surfaces to be bonded must
1. A be clean and dry.
1. STEP 5
2. D 2. Surfaces should be free from
2. STEP 3
grease, mold release and oil.
3. A
3. STEP 4
3. Abrading the non-glass
4. B
4. STEP 1 surface with 180 to 220 grit
5. D abrasive followed by a solvent
5. STEP 2
wipe will improve the bond.
6. A Suitable solvents include 3M
Adhesive Remover, IPA
7. A What's More (Isopropyl alcohol) and
8. B 1. D
acetone.

9. A 2. A 4. Use Glass Cleaning agent to

3. C clean both sides of windshield.
10. D 4. B
5. D 5. Use of a two-step surface
11. A
preparation is suggested for
12. A bonding, but can be done
without the Adhesion Promoter
13. A What I Know for the Polyurethane 595.
14. A
15. A 1. Gloves
2. Apron What’s New
3. Face shield
4. Papr 1. TRUE
5. Goggles
References 6. Step 1
2. TRUE
7. Step 5 3. FALSE
Eblin, Jennifer. n.d.
8. Step 3
www.ehow.com. 9. Step 2 4. TRUE
Accessed 7 16, 2020. 10. Step 4
11. B 5. TRUE
12. C
13. D
14. A
15. D

https://www.ehow.com/how_5588213_remove-dried-glue-plastic-surfaces.htm.

—. n.d. www.ehow.com. Accessed 7 17, 2020. ttps://www.ehow.com/how_5588213_remove-dried-

glue-plastic-surfaces.html.

HARRINGTON, JENNY. n.d. www.hunker.com. Accessed 7 17, 2020.

https://www.hunker.com/13415283/how-to-remove-silicone-from-metal.

25
Hollada, Rebecca. 2016. www.doityourself.com. 7 5. Accessed 7 18, 2020.
tps://www.doityourself.com/stry/how-to-properly-use-silicone-glue#:~:text=To%20apply
%20the%20adhesive%2C%20get,small%20lining%20around%20the%20edges.

HOWARD, MASON. n.d. www.hunker.com. Accessed 7 16, 2020.

https://www.hunker.com/13414020/how-to-remove-silicone-caulking-from-wood.

n.d. https://www.safework.sa.gov.au/. Accessed 7 15, 2020.

https://www.safework.sa.gov.au/workplaces/chemicals-substances-and-
explosives/adhesives-and-sealants.

2020. hwww.loctiteproducts. Accessed 7 20, 2020. https://www.loctiteproducts.com/en/know-

how/fix-stuff/plastic-glue.html.

Volk, Anthony. 2018. anthonyvolkglass.com. 6 19. Accessed 7 8, 2020.

https://anthonyvolkglass.com/blog/apply-windshield-glass-sealant/.

n.d. www.adhesives.org. Accessed 7 17, 2020. https://www.adhesives.org/adhesives-

sealants/adhesives-sealants-overview/health-safety.

n.d. www.loctiteproducts.com. Accessed 7 16, 2020. https://www.loctiteproducts.com/en/know-

how/fix-stuff/remove-glue-glass.html.

[ CITATION hww20 \l 1033 ]

[ CITATION htt20 \l 1033 ]

[ CITATION Reb16 \l 1033 ]

25
 Disclaimer
This Self – learning Module (SLM) was developed by the DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN
with primary objective of preparing for ang addressing the new normal. Contents of
this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC).
This is a supplementary material used by all learners of Region XII in all public
schools beginning 2020 – 2021. This process of LR development was observed in
the production of this module. This version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback,
comments and recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: region12@deped.gov.ph