Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region III
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ZAMBALES
Zone 6, Iba, Zambales
Tel./Fax No. (047) 602 1391
E-mail Address: zambales@deped.gov.ph
website: www.depedzambales.ph

Name: ___________________________________ Grade/Section__________

School: __________________________________ Date: __________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

GRADE 12
CARPENTRY NC II

I. Introduction

Floor joists are a critical part of the overall frame design in a

building's structure. These supports run horizontally across the span of
the building and an important part of the engineering, helping to make the
house solid and sturdier. Floor joists also provide foundation for the
subfloor, installed right on top of them. Since these joists have to provide
a strong foundation for both the subfloor and finished floor. It is important
that they are in correct specifications and are installed properly.

II. Learning Competency

LO3 Lay out/install floor joists.

Week 3/480 minutes

III. Objectives:
At the end of this learning activity sheet, you are expected to:

1. Identify the procedure in laying out floor joists according to work

drawings and specifications with tolerance of +3mm on all
measurements, plumbness and levelness.
2. List down step by step procedure in laying out floor joists based on
plans and specifications.
3. Follow the housekeeping protocol in assembling floor joist.
IV. Discussion:

Framing is generally not a good DIY project unless the job is something
like a small shed or maybe a simple garage. Homes are complex structures, and
the work of framing out a floor is best left to a professional carpenter or framer.
Less-complicated flooring tasks such as shoring up floor joists or adding bridging
to decrease floor deflection may be better suited for a homeowner than taking on
a project of this magnitude.

Flooring joists run perpendicular to the bearing walls of the home. Along
with the foundation and wall and roof frame, these structures provide the entire
base on which the house will be constructed. Once this frame is finished, it will
be sheathed, and subfloor is then installed on top of the joists — but before any
of that can happen, the load will need to be calculated by framers/builders
professionals with specialized knowledge of building codes.

Calculating the Load

An engineer and architect will spec out the load requirements for the plan.
Their calculations take both dead load (weight of the building and materials) and
live load (weight of the building with people and furniture added) into
consideration, among other things. Depending on where the home will be built,
it may also include calculations for wind, seismic activity or snow load. This
information is used to figure out how flooring joists can be configured while
having the building remain as strong as possible.

Now is also the time to decide on material. If a builder wants to use I-joists,
floor trusses or solid-wood joists, this will also be reflected in the plan and figured
according to code. The type of material used, the grade of the wood and other
factors also affect the load calculation. In addition to working off the plan, when
using prefabricated joists, it is always important to follow the fastening
instructions so that these structural items are installed properly. Structural
engineers use specific tables to figure maximum load capacity.
Floor-Joist Basics

Floor joists are installed early in the building process, and this work is typically
done by the framing carpenter since it is part of the structure of the home. Once
a foundation is poured, the framing contractor goes to work building the skeleton
of the building, part of which is the flooring area. This construction follows the
overall plan for the layout of the house based on load factors, style and the size
of the house that will be built. Each building's layout will require its own unique
plan.

Procedure in Lay outing and Installing the Floor Joist

1. Mark 12 inches as standard distances from one center of a floor area to the
center of another.
2. Measure and mark the height of the floor joist from top of the girder to the
side of post and place a nail, then tie a string from one post to another to
maintain the height of the floor joist while installing.

3. If the joist is placed on the top of the girt, have excess of the string. Cut
excess to the bottom of the joist.

4. Check the height of joist to the string if it is exact.

5. Fasten the first joist with nails.
 6. Repeat steps 3,4 and 5 for the following joists until the last joist.
7. Mark end of the joist overhang
8. Mark squareness from top of joist at the string to the bottom of the joist.
9. Cut excess end of the joist with cross cut saw.

10. Measure the distance of the joist and cut length of the bridging.

11. Fasten the bridging with nail.

Housekeeping Practices
1. Keep tools clean and store them in proper places after working.
2. Always keep the working area clean.
3. Store materials which are not in use.
4. Switch off electrical and water supplies that are not in use.
Activities

Directions: Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper

______________1. Where to start the markings of the spacing of the floor
joist?
______________2. It is a part of the House frame that holds the girder.
______________3. It is a part of the hose frame that carries the floor joist.
______________4. What protective equipment must be worn to avoid the
danger of eye injury?
______________5. What tool is used to locate the distances of the floor joists?

B. True or False. Write T if the statement is true and F if it is false.

1. Always start at the center of the girder in laying out the spacing of the
floor joists.
2. Toe nailing is done if the floor joist is wider than the nail .
3. Place the joist at the center of the markings.
4. A 12” spacing is the nominal distance of the floor joist.
5. Keep tools clean and sharp before and after using them.

C. Direction: Answer the following questions briefly.

1. Why is it necessary to mark the distances from one center of a floor area
to the center of another?
2. What should you do if the height of the joists you are to install are not the
same?

V. Assessment
Direction: Considering that all the lumber to be used in installing the floor
joists are properly dressed and of standard sizes. List down 4 easy steps on
how to install the floor joists.

VI. Reflection
Directions: Fill in each blank with the right word/words in the box below.

A __________ is a horizontal structural member used in framing to span an open

space, often between ___________ that subsequently transfer loads to vertical
members. When incorporated into a floor framing system, joists serve to provide
____________ to the subfloor sheathing, allowing it to function as a horizontal
diaphragm.
VII. References
K to 12 Industrial Arts – Carpentry Curriculum Guide
Carpentry NC II Revision 01 Promulgated (10/29/2018)
CBLM
CBC Carpentry NC II
Simplified Methods on Building Construction, First Edition By: Max B. Fajardo
Jr.
Industrial Technology, Experimental Edition By: SEPD Series
Building Construction/House Wiring, House Plumbing and Estimate First
Edition By: Jose Lubrica
Simplified Construction Estimate Third Edition By: Max B. Fajardo Jr.
Civil Technology First Edition By: Rd. Eufemio P. Valdriz
Learning Package on Carpentry National Manpower and Youth Council
https://www.hunker.com/13723640/installing-floor-joists-what-you-should-know
https://www.icreatables.com/how-to-build-shed/framing/what-are-floor-joists

Prepared by:

ARNOLD P. ASIO
Master Teacher I
Gov. Manuel D. Barretto National High School
San Felipe District
 Key to Corrections

Activity A

1. Center of the floor frame

2. post
3. girder
4. Goggles
5. Pull push rule

Activity B

1. T
2. T
3. T
4. T
5. T

Activity C

Answers vary

Assessment

1. Mark the spacing of the joists starting from the center of the floor frame.
2. Install the floor joists in place.
3. Cut the excess length of the joist.
4. Install the bridging.

Reflection

A joist is a horizontal structural member used in framing to span an open space,

often between beams that subsequently transfer loads to vertical members.
When incorporated into a floor framing system, joists serve to provide stiffness
to the subfloor sheathing, allowing it to function as a horizontal diaphragm.