Therapeutic diets are planned to maintain or restore

good nutrition in the patient.

 Regular diets
• This diet is designed to promote optimum health
through good nutrition. It is to be used for those
individuals requiring no special dietary modification or
restrictions.
 Purpose
• This diet is often used to minimize digestion within the
gastrointestinal tract.
• Fluid and energy are provided in a form to minimize
digestion.
 Nutritional adequacy
• This diet is extremely inadequate and is planned for
brief use only.
• Specific items and amounts depend upon patient
tolerance and should be offered frequently.
• SOFT DIET INCLUDES:

• Refined cereals, form of soups & in combination of cereals & vegetables

• Milk & milk products
• Eggs & lean meats
• Soft fruits like papaya, banana, mango etc.
• Fats like butter, cream vegetable oils.
• MECHANICAL SOFT DIET
• Also called as dental diet.
• It includes foods which are easy to chew & swallow.
• Food may be modified by mechanical processing such
as mashing, blenderized, or chopping.
 Purpose
• As a progression from the full liquid diet to a
general diet.
• may also be used for a postoperative patient
who is too ill to tolerate a general diet
• may also be needed for patients who are too
weak or whose dentition is too poor to handle
all foods on a general diet.
 Purpose
• This diet is designed to provide
adequate nutrition during treatment of
inflammatory or ulcerative conditions of
the esophagus, stomach, and
intestines.

• It is intended to decrease irritation of the

mucosa and aid in physical comfort.
Therapeutic Diets

Fiber- Restricts fiber to low levels in the For acute phases of intestinal
Restricted diet (<10 g/day). disorders or to reduce fecal
output before surgery. Not
Diet
recommended for long-term
use.
 Diabetes Mellitus
• Incidence of diabetes mellitus steadily
increasing around the world
– Many individuals are unaware they have disease
– 6th leading cause of death in US
– Contributes to other life-threatening conditions

• Metabolic disorders characterized by elevated

blood glucose concentrations & disordered
insulin management
Symptoms of Diabetes
Therapeutic Diets

High-calorie, Contains foods that are Used for increased kcalorie and
High-Protein kcalorie and protein protein requirements (in cancer,
dense. AIDS, burns, trauma, and other
Diet
illnesses); also used to reverse
malnutrition, improve nutrition
status, or promote weight gain.
Therapeutic Diets

Fat- Restricts fat to low (<50 g/day) or For people who have certain
Restricted very low (<25 g/day) levels in the malabsorptive disorders or
diet symptoms of diarrhea,
Diet
flatulence, or steatorrhea (fecal
fat) resulting from dietary fat
intolerance.
 Purpose
• The low fat/low cholesterol diets are designed
to reduce serum lipids for the treatment and
prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD).

• It is believed, and recent studies support the

idea, that lowering the levels of cholesterol in
the blood will prevent the formation of fatty
plaques found in the thickening of the artery
walls, known as atherosclerosis.
Therapeutic Diets

Sodium- Restricts sodium; degree of To prevent fluid retention or

restricted restriction depends on symptoms induce fluid loss; used in .
and disease severity hypertension, congestive heart
diet
failure, renal disease, and liver
disease.
 Hypertension
 Hypertension (HPN) is the term for high blood pressure.
 Hypertension is identified when a blood pressure is sustained at ≥140/90 mmHg.
Dietary Treatment for HPN