Answer

1.) Would more lift be provided by a fluid with a greater density than air? The lift
force is directly proportional to the fluid density, which means that the higher the
density of the fluid, the higher the lift. Therefore, if all the other variables were the
same, a fluid with a greater density than air would have more lift than air.
2.) How do aircraft designers determine the correct shape for a wing? where S is
wing area and the quantity in parentheses is the dynamic pressure. In designing an
aircraft wing, it is usually advantageous to get the lift coefficient as high as
possible.

3.) Explain how a propeller provides thrust in the same way a wing generates lift.

4.) An equation for lift was supplied previously. What would be the two forces
involved on a propeller? P = pressure (force exerted divided by area exerted on)
rho = density of the fluid V = velocity of the moving object or fluid.

5.) Would a propeller work better in a fluid with a greater density than air? In a
fluid of a greater density than air, the propeller designed to travel in air would not
perform better.

6.) Do you think different planes need differently shaped airfoils? There is no
predetermined shape for a wing airfoil, it is designed based on the function of the
aircraft it will be used for. To aid the design process, engineers use the lift
coefficient to measure the amount of lift obtained from a particular airfoil shape.
Lift is proportional to dynamic pressure and wing area

7.) During the design phase, how is a wing's theoretical shape tested? According to
the continuity law, this displacement, or loss of flow area, must lead to an increase
in velocity. Consider an airfoil in a pipe with flowing water. Water will flow faster
in a narrow section of the pipe. The large area of the top surface of the airfoil
narrows the pipe more than the bottom surface does. Thus, water will flow faster
on top than on bottom. The flow velocity is increased some by the bottom airfoil
surface, but considerably less than the flow on top

8.) How are the wings of a small plane, like a Cessna, different from a large one,
like a passenger jet? Yes, flight will be influenced by the wingspan, but there will
be a point where the wingspan size will produce too much weight and drag to be
successful. The more lift the glider has, the longer it can fly, for a glider, which is a
paper airplane. However, to prevent flight failure, you need to keep the weight and
drag in place.

9.) How are the propulsion systems of a biplane different than that of a fighter jet?
Lift, thrust, drag, and weight are the four forces. The raise holds it up like a Frisbee
flies through the air. Wings hold an airplane high in the air, but what makes this
happen is the four powers. They push up, down, forward, or slow down a plane,

10.) What kind of propulsion does a Lear jet use? The Concorde? The engines on
the Concorde provided the thrust necessary for takeoff, cruising and landing. The
Concorde had four Rolls Royce/Snecma Olympus 593 turbo jet engines. Each
engine generated 18.7 tons (180 kN) of thrust. Together, the four engines burned
6,771 gallons (25,629 liters) of fuel per hour

11.) Make a list of the differences between fixed wing aircraft and helicopters.
How does each generate lift? How fast can each go? What are the advantages and
disadvantages of each?

When an airplane is takeoff or landing, it requires a long runway to adjust its speed
to generate suitable amount of lift. When a helicopter is takeoff or landing, it
doesn’t require any runway, meaning that it can take off and landing vertically,
which is much more convenient than airplane from a fixed airfoil surface, the
fixed-wing aircraft gets its lift. From spinning airfoils called rotor blades, the
helicopter gets lift. The term helicopter is derived from the Greek expression
helical wing or spinning wing. A helicopter uses two or more engine-driven rotors
from which it gets lift and propulsion. Fixed wing cruise at about 400 – 500 knots
(460 – 575 mph / 740 – 930 kph) and helicopter is about an average helicopter can
reach a top speed of somewhere between 130 and 140 knots, which comes out to
about 160 mph. Just what advantages do helicopters have over airplanes? Most of
them have to do with the relatively small size of the helicopters,
because helicopters can hover, land and take off in a vertical position, and get in
and out of confined spaces more easily than airplanes can.

12.) Some planes have more than one engine to propel the craft. Are the multiple
engines necessary or a safety precaution? Safety is not the key factor in deciding
the number of engines on airplanes, although it is significant. ... Instead, to get
them off the ground and hold them in the air depends on how much thrust is
required. Four flight forces exist: lift, weight, drag and thrust.