27/4/2020

Contents

1 Definition

DEMOLITION WORKS 2 Types

3 Planning

4 Methods

L/O/G/O
www.themegallery.com

DEFINITION TYPES
Demolition of a building or structure
• Demolition means:
can be considered under two types
– The opposite of construction: the
tearing-down of buildings and other Partial
structure.
Taking Down: Partial demolition of
a structure.
– The act of process of wrecking or
destroying, especially destruction by
explosives. Full
Demolition: Complete Removal of a
structure.

PLANNING PLANNING (Cont’d)

• A detail survey of the property should be made.
• Examination of building structure:
• Photograph should be taken: – Roofs and framed
1. the works to be demolished – Walls - Services
2. the adjoining property; (if there is existing defects on – Basement - Cantilever
adjacent properties)
• Notice to Local Authority
• A check must be made of any legal right which – The building owner or their agent must
may effect the demolition; questions of notify the Local Authority at least 6 weeks
ownership. before demolition works done.
– existence of easement, way leaves, party rights and
boundary walls.

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PLANNING (Cont’d) METHOD OF DEMOLITION

• Select suitable method of demolition
Hand
– depends on - Demolition
i. Type of building (Factory, detached, isolated) Wire Pushing
ii. Type of construction / structure (Concrete, steel Ropes Arm
structured, precast concrete, etc)
iii. Site location (congested area, urban, sub urban, Demolition
height of the buildings)
iv. Availability of plant or equipment Deliberate Demolition
Collapse Ball
v. Type of demolition (partial or full)
Explosive

• Appoint competent person (demolition contractor)

HAND DEMOLITION HAND DEMOLITION

• The easiest method which used hand tools such as
hammer, hand saw etc.
• May be needs lifting appliances to hoist released
materials from upper floor to the ground floor.
• Demolition will be done reverse order to the
construction. e.i: start from roof and finish at
ground floor
• Chute or skip should be use to bring down debris
from upper floor.
• Debris should fall freely if horizontal distance to
the walkway or adjoining building is greater than
6.00 meter or half the height of the building.

HAND DEMOLITION PUSHER ARM DEMOLITION

• Progressive demolition using a machine fitted
with a steel pusher arm
• Should only used when the machine can be
operated from a firm level base with a clear
operating base of at least 6.00 meter.
• To operate these machines efficiently, the length
of boom when fully extended should be at least
1.5 meters above the height of the building
being demolished.
• The pusher arm should not be overloaded and
should be operated from outside of the
building.

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PUSHER ARM DEMOLITION PUSHER ARM DEMOLITION

• Required an experience operator to operate
the pusher arm
• Operator will work from within a robust cab.
The cab should fit with shatter proof glass
cab windows to prevent from impact of flying
debris.
• If the building is attached to other buildings,
the structure firstly must be detached from
adjoining structure using hand demolition
technique.

DELIBERATE COLLAPSE
PUSHER ARM DEMOLITION
DEMOLITION
• This method involves the removal of key
structural members causing complete collapse
of the whole or part of the building.
• Should obtained an expert engineering advice
before works started.
• This method can only be use on detached
isolated buildings (clear surrounding area and
exclusion zone) on reasonably level site so
that the safety to personnel can be carefully
controlled.

DEMOLITION BALL TECHNIQUE

• These method categories under progressive
demolition.

• Carried out by swinging a weight or

demolition ball, suspended from a lifting
appliance such as a crane.

3

• Three techniques can be used:
1. Vertical drop - Demolition ball from a normal duty
mobile crane will be drop vertically to the building.
2. Swinging in line with jib – Demolition ball will be
swing to the left and right used convertible dragline
excavator.
3. Slewing jib
DEMOLITION BALL TECHNIQUE
• The techniques should not be used on
building over 30.00 meter high. Afraid
that the fall of debris is uncontrollable.
• Attached buildings should be separated
from the adjoining structure by hand
demolition at least 6.00 meter or half the
height of building before the work
started.
• A clear space is required around the
perimeter of building to give machine
operating space.
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DEMOLITION BALL TECHNIQUE
• Whichever method is used, a skilled operator
is needed.
• Pitched roofs should be removed used hand
demolition technique to wall plate level.
• 50 to 70% of the internal flooring should be
removed to allow for free fall of debris
within the building enclosure.
• Demolition should proceed storey by storey.
WIRE ROPE PULLING DEMOLITION
• Used steel wire ropes with more than
38mm diameter.
• The size should be adequate with the
purpose and work load.
• The rope should tied firmly at both ends
and then pulling tension gradually.
• A well anchored winch or heavy vehicle
should be used to apply the pulling force.
• Great care must be taken to ensure that
the winch or vehicle does not lift off its
mounting, wheels or tracks.
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WIRE ROPE PULLING DEMOLITION

• Safety precaution such as make sure no

person should be forward of the winch or
within a distance of three quarters of the
length between the winch and the building
being demolished.
• If after several pulls, the buildings still not
collapse it may have been weakened and
should not therefore be approached.
• Demolished by other method such as
demolition ball or pusher arm.

DEMOLITION BY EXPLOSIVE

• This method needed specialist expert in

explosives.
• The explosives are placed within the
fabric of the structure and detonated
to cause partial or complete collapse
• Allow rapid and complete demolition
where other methods prove dangerous
or slow.

THE END
Thank You!
L/O/G/O
www.themegallery.com