2017 27th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC)
User Behavior Analysis Based on User
Interest by Web Log Mining
Xipei Luo1,2, Jing Wang1,2, Qiwei Shen1,2, Jingyu Wang1,2, Qi Qi1,2
1
State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and
Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, P.R.China
2
EBUPT Information Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100191, P.R.China
Abstract: With the rapid development of science and
technology and the growing popularity of computer
networks, the scale of network users is gradually expanding,
and the behavior of network users is becoming more and
more complicated. A large number of studies show that the
user’s actual interest is closely related to the browsing
behavior on the web page. Through the user browsing
behavior analysis can obtain the user interest information,
and then build the user interest model, so that the search
results closer to the user's expectations. This paper mainly
introduces the method of web log mining, which can
discover the mode of web pages by digging web log records.
By analyzing and exploring the rules of web log records, we
can identify the potential customers of the website and
improve the quality of information services to users. In the
stage of user behavior analysis, this paper explores the
differences in user browsing behavior in different types of
access events, and calculates the user's interest based on the
M5 model tree to analyze the analytic events.
Keywords: network user behavior; data mining; user interest;
M5 model tree
I. INTRODUCTION
With the rapid development of the Internet to
information access, communication and communication-
based basic network services are gradually developed for
the leisure and entertainment, electronic services, e-
commerce services to expand the three major categories of
network services. Users in the visit of the page and the
user's interest is closely related, such as the care of
financial users will often visit some financial class of the
site, and like sports users will often visit some sports news
sites or sporting goods website. We can use the user's visit
records to tap the user's interest in a topic.
The main purpose of the study of the user's visit record
is to analyze the user's most concerned about the results
from the mining results. By analyzing the user access to
resources of the time, frequency and so on,modify the
structure and design of the site to expect more customers
to stay and better serve customers. User behavior analysis
has become a new research hotspot. The work of this paper
mainly studies the data mining technology in user
behavior analysis, and builds the user interest model based
on the user interest information, and finally draws the
user's interest.
The rest of this paper is organized as follows. Section
2 describes the relevant work of the paper. Section 3
introduces the Web log mining technology. Section 4
978-1-5090-6796-1/17/$31.00 ©2017 IEEE
introduces the user’s browsing behavior model
construction. Section 5 introduces the M5 model based on
the user behavior analysis method. Chapter 6 carries on the
experimental analysis to the model. Chapter 7 concludes
the paper.
II. RELATED WORK
The traditional data mining technology and web
integration for web mining. Web digging is the extraction
of interesting, potentially useful patterns and hidden
information from web documents and web activities. Web
data mining is the use of data mining technology,
automatically discover and extract information from web
documents and services.. In general, according to the
different data mining object, web data mining is divided
into three types: web content mining, web structure
mining, web log mining. [9].
User interest modeling is the process of summing up a
computable user interest model from information that can
reflect user preferences. Researchers have done a lot of
work in the area of user interest modeling and have made
a lot of valuable results. MariamDaoud and other
researchers, based on the ontology, proposed a user
interest modeling method based on semantic graph [17].
Hochd Jeon proposed a method of using adaptive updating
strategy for adaptive user interest modeling [18].
Adomavicius and Tuzhilin used the data mining method
to mine the access records of the individual users, excavate
the association rules and the user registration of the
personal information constitute the user model. Sofia
Stamou and Alexandros Ntoulas proposed a method of
user interest modeling by analyzing query terms and web
page subject information. Researchers such as Paul
conducted user interest modeling through ODP
classification system and data information.
The M5 model tree is proposed by Quinlan to solve the
problem of continuous value prediction. The M5 model
tree is a decision tree that uses linear regression function
at leaf nodes. By using a standard method to convert the
classification problem into function optimization problem,
the final model can be expressed as a piecewise linear
function. M5 algorithm can be divided into model tree
construction and linear regression model 
The above theory and model algorithm help us to use
web log mining technology to obtain user access behavior
data, and on this basis, based on the M5 model tree to
construct the user behavior model for user interest.
 2017 27th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC)
III. WEB LOG MINING
Web log mining refers to extracting patterns of interest
from Web usage records, at present, there are many
researches on Web log mining, WWW in each server to
retain the access log, recorded on the user access and
interactive information, you can identify potential Web
users by analyzing and investigating the rules in Web log
records. [1].
The overall process reference [6] is shown as Fig. 1.
Fig.1 Web log mining process
(1)
Data preprocessing phase
According to the purpose of mining, extract,
decompose, merge the data in the original Web log file,
and finally convert it to a user session file. This stage is
the most critical stage of Web access information mining.
Data preprocessing includes preprocessing on user access
information and preprocessing of content and structure.
(2)
Session recognition phase
This phase was originally part of the data
preprocessing phase, here it is divided into a separate stage
because the user session file is divided into a group of user
session sequence will be directly used for mining
algorithm, and its precision directly determines the mining
results are good or bad. It is the most important stage in
the excavation process.
(3)
Pattern discovery phase
Pattern discovery is the use of a variety of methods
and techniques from the Web log data, digging and
discovering the various potential laws and patterns of the
user using the Web. Pattern discovery uses algorithms
and methods not only from the field of data mining, but
also includes other areas of expertise such as machine
learning, statistics, and pattern recognition. The main
techniques of pattern discovery are: statistical analysis,
association rules, clustering, classification, sequential
patterns, dependency.
(4)
pattern analysis
Pattern analysis is the final step in Web usage mining,
the main purpose is to filter rules and patterns generated
by Pattern Discovery phase, remove those useless patterns,
and through a certain method to find the pattern of visual
performance [4]. Since Web usage mining is mostly
biased in most cases, it is possible to dig out all the patterns
and rules, so it can not be ruled out that some of these
patterns are common sense, ordinary or end users are not
interested, It is necessary to use the method of pattern
analysis to make the excavation of the rules and
knowledge is readable and ultimately understandable.
Common pattern analysis methods are graphical and
visualization techniques, database query mechanisms,
mathematical statistics, and usability analysis [7].
IV. THE USER BEHAVIOR MODEL FOR BROWSING WEB
The basic behavioral event is the most basic data
element for user behavior analysis. It can be expressed as
a triple BBE=Name,Timestamp,URL.Where: BBE
represents the basic behavior event collected by the
browser plug-in, Name indicates the name of the behavior
event, Timestamp indicates the timestamp of the basic
event, and the URL indicates that the behavior event is
specific to which page, and the item is optional. [8].
Analysis of the behavioral event set; analysis of the
event data set(ABES) is the basic action event that is
processed to form data that facilitates user behavior
analysis, analysis of the event data set is defined as
follows: M PA   B   C    HEA   H
Q. Where:A to
 H is the user action event, and the analysis event data set
is the basis for user behavior analysis. These events
include: page dwell time, mouse clicks, page re-visits and
the number of slider movements [10]. The user's interest
indicates the degree to which the user is interested in a
page with certain characteristics. In order to distinguish
the user's interest in different web pages, you need to
calculate a value for each user's page, which is the degree
of interest. [12]. This article believes that if the user visits
a web page, it may be interested in it [13].
The user behavior model stores the degree of interest
of the user to the page predicted by the set of analyzable
events of the user's behavior. The user behavior model can
be expressed as {UserID, ABES, Interest}. Where: UserlD
is used to identify the user, ABES is the set of analyzable
events of the user's behavior, these events include: page
dwell time, mouse clicks, page re-visit times and the
number of slider movements. Interest indicates the user's
interest in the page. In this paper, the M5 model tree is
used to analyze the data of users' browsing data [5].
V.USER BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS METHOD BASED ON M5
MODEL
In this chapter, we first give a definition of the
behavioral events used to describe the user behavior
characteristics. Secondly, we give the process of analyzing
the user behavior for the user's interest, and the process of
calculating the interest of the user's page based on M5.
A
The definition of behavioral events
In order to facilitate the analysis and induction of user
behavior interest, this paper considers four important
factors: the page stay time, the number of mouse clicks,
the number of page visits, the number of slider movements.
The user behavior model requires a numeric value to
represent the user's interest in a web page. The following
gives a definition of the analytic event. The page dwell
time refers to the time from when the user enters this page
to close this page. The number of mouse clicks refers to
the user using the left click and the right to save all the
operations while browsing the page. Each time the user
opens a new page will be recorded once, the user
repeatedly open the same page, traffic is increasing, the
number of page visits is the total number of views of the
 2017 27th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC)

page.The number of slider movements is the sum of all

operational events associated with the roll page [11].
An example of an analysis of the event set Data is
shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 EXAMPLES OF USER BEHAVIOR EVENT SETS
(3)
Where ci represents the corresponding value of the
i-th sample on the attribute, and N represents the sample
size. P and N-P represent the two sets of sample sizes
        divided by ci.




!

!

4.
In the fourth step, for all the packets of all input
attributes, the maximum value of the variance reduction






is found. The corresponding splitting attribute is j and the






splitting value is SplitValue. The split attribute and






splitting value of the current node are j and SplitValue
respectively.







5.
Step 5, Split the node. For the sample matrix data,







according to the split attribute value will be divided into







two left and right matrix, were respectively sent to the left






and right branches.
6.
Step 6, in accordance with the same method split
B
User behavior analysis process
the left node, turn the second step of the stage; split the
The process includes establishing a basic decision right node, do the same treatment.
tree, establishing a linear regression model for the leaf
7.
In the seventh step, if the current node is a leaf
nodes, pruning the model tree, and smoothing the linear
regression coefficients [14]. The specific process of node, the node has no splitting attribute, and its linear
calculating user interest based on M5 model is as follows: regression model is the average of the class attribute
arriving at this node sample. If the current node is not a
1)
Build a basic decision tree: This phase is the core leaf node, it is used to establish the attribute of the linear
of the M5 model. regression model of this node.
1.
The first step is to calculate the variance 2)
Linear regression modeling. The specific process
Deviation of the class attribute values of the sample is as follows [15]:
matrix Data according to (1). From the root node began 1.
The first step, the data according to equation (4)
to split. expressed in the form of equations.
 #   #  M  K  (4)














!.;0+9054 M 0M ,0 L# 0M ,0 (1)
#
Where: Y is the column vector that the user
Where ,J represents the corresponding value of manually scoring the page's interest, ? includes the
the i-th sample on the attribute, and N represents the unobserved random component, X is the observed value
sample size. matrix of the regression, > is the coefficient of X, after
2.
In the second step, the matrix of the samples the determination, the linear regression model is
arriving at the current node is data (data is the matrix of n completed.
* m). If the number of lines of data is less than 4, or the 2.
The second step, according to the formula (5) to
variance of class attribute value is less than 0.05 * complete the prediction of >;
Deviation, then the node is the leaf node, split end,



























" ) I  ) EA
) I *
(5)
otherwise, turn the third step.
3.
The third step, the data input attribute j (j = l ... = M >@ K >A '03.$4%+/. K >B (089'03.8 K
4), j said TimeOnPage, VistTimes, ClickNum, ScrollNum
>C 20,1#:3 K >D &,7522#:3 (6)
in one. The data in accordance with the size of j from
We call formula(6) empirical linear regression
small to large sort, get newdata. The samples of newdata
equation. When the user's basic behavior events actually
can be divided into two groups according to the size of
get the corresponding value of the four independent
attribute j, with p and n-p samples, respectively. Find the
variables, into the formula(6) to get the user's interest in
split value SplitValue and variance reduction SDR
the page.
according to formulas (2) and (3). SplitValue:
3)
pruning of trees. This stage mainly completes the
&
 M N4.<-+9+N6 0O K 4.<-+9+N6 K pruning of the basic decision tree from bottom to top, the
 0OO








N2O












steps
concrete



are:


























1.
In the first step, if the current node is a leaf node,
Where 4.<-+9+ 6 0 is the pth value of the i-th no pruning is performed; if the current node is not a leaf
attribute in newdata and 4.<-+9+ 6 K  0 is the p + 1 node, the left and right branches are pruned and
value of the i-th attribute in newdata. transferred to the second step.
Variance reduction SDR:
 2017 27th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC)

2.
In the second step, a linear regression model is B
Experimental data

established by tracing the sample of the current node and In order to verify the validity of the method based on
its partial (or all) linear regression attributes. Traverse all the behavior of the user, the experiment is carried out. First,
linear models and selecting the model that minimizes the capture the user's browsing behavior, record the user to
sample error of the current node as the linear regression browse the page. The recorded information is a basic event
model of the current node. Compare the error generated set for user behavior events, including web page
by the linear regression model of the current node with information and user behavior. Second, ask the user to
the subtree generated by the subtree of the node. If the mark the interest of each page. In this experiment, we need
error of the linear regression model of the current node is to compare the difference between the user's interest and
small, the subtree of the current node is cut, leaving only the user's real interest, and therefore need the user to mark
the current node, otherwise, keep the subtree of the the interest of browsing the page.
current node. This paper focuses on the analysis of two behavioral
3.
In the third step, if the parent node of the current events: the number of page stay and the number of re
node is not empty, its parent node is set as the current access. This paper installs a self-written browser plug-in
node, and the parent node is pruned and the second step on the browser on 10 PCs in the lab, collects user behavior
is completed. If the parent node of the current node is for more than 3000 web pages, and the score distribution
empty, the pruning ends. of the result set is shown in Table 2
4.
Step 4, set the leaf node number of the tree,
TABLE 2 WEB'S SCORE RESULT SET PAG
prepare for the smoothing of the coefficients.
4)
Smoothing coefficient. Which smoothes the linear
regression model of all leaf nodes:
1.
In the first step, the leaf nodes of the tree are
smoothed according to the number, and the current leaf
node is the current node.
Converting the basic behavioral event set
2.
In the second step, if the parent node of the corresponding to more than 3,000 articles to an analytic
current node is not empty, the linear regression model of behavior event set. This paper focuses on two analytic
the parent node is used to smooth the linear model of the behavior events, including the residence time of the page
current leaf node. The properties of the model after the and the number of slidesPage dwell time
smoothing are the properties of the current model of the
current leaf node and the properties of the parent node
model of the current node. The parent node of the current
node is set as the current node,redo the step operation; if
the parent node of the current node is empty, smooth end,
get the current leaf node smooth model [16].
VI. EXPERIMENT AND RESULTS
A
Based on M5 's User Behavior Analysis Model
Based on the above analysis model, we use all the
collected user behavior data constructed a general
common prediction model based on the Tree model M5, Fig. 3 User-Dwell times distribution
the models obtained are shown in Fig. 2.
Page re-visit times

Fig. 4 User-Re-visit times distribution

C
Analysis of results
Calculated page interest, the model can be evaluated
and the accuracy of the page is
Fig. 2 General Prediction Mode
 2017 27th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC)

,"49.7.89L"49.7.89 [1]
Wan Fei, Zhao Xi, Liang, and so on. Research on Search Engine










%+/.%7, M  L  



7
,"49.7.89 User Behavior Based on Mobile Internet Log. Chinese Journal
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Where PagePrc is the accuracy of the page, Aclnterest [2]
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A H and Artificial Neural Network for estimating Potential

















 M
GF@ 


(8) Evapotranspiration in semi- arid climates,” Department of
H
Where Accuracy represents the accuracy of the model
to the user and n is the number of pages visited by the user.
This article will ask the user to mark interest after the
user has finished browsing. Interest degree values include
0 ~ 3 five grades. Again, according to the interest rate
estimation method to calculate the page interest rate, and
compared with the results of user labeling, get the
accuracy of the model on the page. Finally, the accuracy
of the model for each user is calculated from equation (7)
and (8).
Based on all the behavior data of each user collected,
the general forecasting model of all the data is constructed
based on the M5 model tree. The accuracy rate of the
corresponding model is obtained according to the formula
(7) and (8)
The accuracy rate is shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 5 The accuracy results
As can be seen from Figure 5, average for all users'
accuracy
the accuracy of the general forecasting model
is 65.2%, so the user behavior analysis method based on
the M5 model can be applied to the prediction of the user's
interest to a certain extent.
VII. CONCLUSION
User behavior analysis is through the way of data
mining from a large number of network information
mining user behavior patterns. It is a relatively new
research field, has a wide range of application prospects,
become a hot topic of domestic and foreign scholars.
This paper mainly studies the behavior analysis
method of user interest, studies the Web log mining
method, and puts forward the calculation degree of user's
interest in web pages based on M5 model. The process of
constructing user behavior model based on M5 is
introduced in detail. Finally, we use the collected user
behavior data to construct a general model of user interest
forecast.
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