ENT

Updates
RECENT TOPICS OF 2017-18 EXAMS

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1
TRACHEOSTOMY
P
Type Defined as Indications Remark
Crico-thyrotomy/ ƒƒ Emergency Sx to open airway ƒƒ Acute respiratory obstruction where ƒƒ Done in emergency situations.
R

ES
Laryngotomy through crico-thyroid membrane there is no time for tracheostomy/no
competent surgeon is available to do the
operation or no facility for ET intubation.
i
High ƒƒ Tracheostoma made above the ƒƒ Only indication for high tracheostomy is ƒƒ Can cause perichondritis of the

AT
tracheostomy level of thyroid isthmus (isthmus carcinoma of larynx. cricoid cartilage and subglottic
lies against 2nd-4th tracheal
rings)
stenosis. M
Mid ƒƒ A mid tracheostomy is the ƒƒ Elective indications ƒƒ Less chance of perichondritis,
tracheostomy preferred one and
ƒƒ It is done at the level of isthumus PD stenosis & pneumothorax E
through the 2nd or 3rd tracheal
rings and would entail division of
the thyroid isthmus
Low
tracheostomy
ƒƒ Tracheostoma made below the
level of thyroid isthmus
ƒƒ To create permanent tracheostoma ƒƒ Pneumothorax is an important
complication
S
Permanent tracheostomy. This may be required for cases of bilateral abductor paralysis or laryngeal stenosis.
U
‰‰
TU
P
P
N

L
CE

E
M
RE

E
N
T
These Updates are from Primes Supplement 2018