“THE EFFECTS OF ABSENTEEISM IN THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF

GRADE
11 ABM STUDENTS IN AMA COMPUTER LEARNING CENTER ANTIPOLO,
SCHOOL YEAR 2019-2020”

The Research Paper presented to the

faculty of senior high school of
Ama Computer Learning Center, Antipolo

Agaton, Jayvee
Baybayon, Ariel
Bernas, John Ericson
Bundang, Vasty
Buo, Eduard
Yarin, Mark Jun
11 – 2 ABM
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

A. Introduction

Absenteeism is a tendency to be away from work or school without a good

reason: the perform or habit of being absent from work or school.
(Merrimum.dictionary). Absenteeism in school is the habit of staying away from
school without providing a genuine or any reason for not attending classes.
Absenteeism is a truant behavior that negatively affects the performance among
students (Eneza Education, 2013).The students who are not come in schools,
colleges and universities regularly and not attend the classes are called absent.
Some students come in universities but not attend the classes also called absent.
This habitual act of students is called absenteeism (The American Heritage®
Dictionary). Chronic absenteeism has a significant relationship with certain
dangerous behaviors such as substance abuse, violence, physical injury, suicide,
showing sexually explicit behavior at an early age,pregnancy and eventual dropout
(Ferrell et al., 2013; Gage et al., 2013; Kearney & Graczyk, 2014; Nolan et al., 2013;
Thornton, Darmody & McCoy, 2013). In quality terms, absenteeism is a waste of
educational resources, time and human potential. Student absenteeism also causes
rework and wasted time for lecturers (Lalek 1995; Rumberger 1997). Sadly,
Absenteeism can lead to depression and also result in poor quality of education as a
result of time lost while being away from school. It could also lead to moral
degradation that leads to drug abuse, early pregnancies and unruly behavior (Eneza
Education, 2013). Absenteeism is also a factor that affects the future of a
student that is why the researchers thought to conduct this kind of study. Nowadays,
some students particularly in ACLC Antipolo, are attempting to be absent with
having such reasons. Some of it are positive, sometimes negative and mostly invalid
reasons. Absenteeism can also affect the academic performance of the students
because they can’t immediately catch up their lesson and activities that they should
 be doing in the day of their absence in class. That only means new lesson and
activities will be difficult for them because they don’t have enough knowledge of
what is up to their ongoing class.

Background of the study

This study aims to identify the effects of absenteeism in the academic performance of

Grade 11 ABM students of Aclc, Antipolo. The grade 11 ABM students of Aclc, Antipolo

were talking about this study during the school year 2019-2020.

C. Statement of the problem

This study is to determine what is the effects of absenteeism in the academic

performance of ACLC grade 11 ABM students during the school year 2019-2020.

Specifically, it answered the following:

1. Profile of the respondent in terms of

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

2. What are the factors affecting the students to not attend in class? In terms of:

2.1 Family Problem;

2.2 Time Management;

2.3 Environment of the School;

Significance of the study

The result of the study will merit the following:

The student of ACLC Antipolo. The result of this study will benefit the student of

ACLC because they will have a knowledge about the effects of absenteeism in terms of

their academic performance.

Parents. The result of this study will benefit the parents of the students of ACLC

because they will be aware that absenteeism can destroy the future of their child.

School Administrator. The result of this study could serve as a baseline data to

know the reason of students why their not attend in class.

Future Researcher. The result of this study can serve as basis for further study on

absenteeism and academic performance.

Theoritical Framework

Student absenteeism is a major concern for lecturers at institutions of higher learning.

Absences create a dead, tiresome, unpleasant classroom environment that makes

students who come to class uncomfortable and the lecturer irritable (Marburger 2001).

Regular attendance at school is essential for the students’ academic achievements,

language development and social development. Students who attend school regularly

can be successful in their future professional lives through achieving work-related skills
such as persistence, problem-solving, and the ability to work with others to accomplish

a goal (Kearney & Graczyk, 2014). It is seen that students who attend school regularly

have higher academic success, standardized test scores, graduation averages,

university entrance rates and job opportunities (Balfanz &Byrnes, 2012; Ferrell et al.,

2013; Kearney & Graczyk, 2014). Compared to their peers, students who don’t attend

school regularly have lower academic performance, limited future employment

opportunities and will experience social and emotional problems in adulthood (Askeland

et al., 2015; Buscha & Conte, 2014; Nolan et al., 2013; Thornton, Darmody & McCoy,

2013). According to the aforementioned research theory, the study aims to identify and

differentiate to what extent these factors that absenteeism affect students acadamic

performance.
Conceptual Framework

“THE EFFECTS OF ABSENTEEISM IN THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF GRADE

11 ABM STUDENTS IN AMA COMPUTER LEARNING CENTER ANTIPOLO,
SCHOOL YEAR 2019-2020”

output

Lead to us to know the effects of absenteeism in the academic

performance of student, so that we, as researcher recommend our
reccommendation.

Scope and delimitation

This study deals with the effects of absenteeism in the academic performance of

grade 11 ABM students of ACLC, Antipolo during the school year 2019-2020. The study

was focused on the Grade 11 ABM Senior High students of ACLC in Antipolo City who

are being attempted to not attend in class due to some reasons that affects their

academic performance.

Definition of terms
 For better understanding of the footings used in the study, these were defined

theoretically and operationally:

ABM - is an abbreviation of Accountancy, Business and Management which is the one

of academic track in senior high.

ABSENTEEISM - the practice of regularly staying away from work or school without

good reason

ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE - is the extent to which a student, teacher or institution

has attained their short or long-term educational goals. Completion of educational

benchmarks such as secondary school diplomas and bachelor's degrees represent

academic achievement.

ACLC -is an abbreviation of Ama Computer Learning Center and the ACLC in

Antipolo was talking about in these research

SCHOOL - is an educational institution designed to provide learning spaces and

learning environments for the teaching of students (or "pupils") under the direction of

teachers.
 Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

According to (Teasley,2004) absenteeism is a period of time when a student does not

attend school students who do not attend school will generally fall behind their

classmates in their academic success (Ford & Sutphen,1996) they have fewer

opportunity to learn the materials that will help them to succeed (Epstein & Sheldon ,
2002) the focus of student absenteeism ranges from early schooling until adolescent

years (Ford &Sutphen 1996). Based on research of (Marburger,2001) states that the

absences create a dead, tiresome, unpleasant classroom, environment that makes

students who come to class uncomfortable and the lecturer irritable. Absenteeism

disturbs the dynamic teachinglearning environment and adversely affects the overall

well-being of classes (Segal,2008). In quality terms, absenteeism is a waste of

educational resources, time and human potential. Student absenteeism also causes

rework and wasted time for lecturers (Lalek , 1995 &Rumburger 1997). According to

(Park and Kerr 1990, Romer 1993, and Foltz 1996, Marburger 2001) it is widely

recognized that absenteeism can negatively impact grades in economics courses and

that high attendance rates can improve student performance in variety of classroom

settings (Sheets et al. 1995, Johnston and James, 2000). According of study by

(Brooks, 1997, as cited in Bond, 2004) absenteeism can be defined as persistent,

habitual, and unexplained absence from school. Bond noted that chronic absenteeism

occurs when a student is absent without reason 20% or more of school time: - this

nominal figure is consistently identified regardless of the specific circumstances of the

absenteeism. According to (Schmidt in 1983) absenteeism affects the students’ ability to

get high scores in examinations which can cause the decreasing of grades or the

student may fail and will cause him or her repeat the same year level. Students who

have spent time attending lectures or classes have a significant, positive effect on

students’ performance. Students that participated exhibits higher grades and scores in

examinations that the student. To prevent and correct serious attendance problems,

school need to change the way they structured improves the quality of the courses and
intensity interpersonal relationship between teachers and students (Epstein and

Sheldon, 2002). Daniel RMarburger indicates that student performance is inversely

correlated with absenteeism. The author investigates the impact of enforcing an

attendance policy on absenteeism and student performance. The evidence suggests

that an enforced mandatory attendance policy significantly reduces absenteeism and

improves exam performance. Newman Wadesango and SeverinoMachingambi (2011)

study was to investigate the extent of student absenteeism in selected areas. Explore

the reasons why student absent themselves from classes and examine the implications

of student absenteeism. The study adopted the mixed methodology and used a survey

research design as the operational framework for data gathering. Data were collected

by self-administered questionnaires and interviews with the chosen students. The study

revealed that student absenteeism is rampant in the schools under study due to

reasons such as: lack of subject interest, poor teaching strategies by teachers,

unfavorable learning environment, too much socialization, and poor relations with the

teachers. The study also found an inverse relationship between student absenteeism

and course performance. According (DonkaMirthecva, 2009) some studies show that

student’s attendance or absenteeism is closely linked with good students health thus

resulting to higher academic achievements. According (Chang and Romero, 2008,

Moonie, Sterling, Figgs and Castro, 2008) have identified chronic absenteeism as a

persistent problem related to poor academic performances and potential behavioral and

development issues. There is general agreement among researchers that being

chronically absent places student at risk of negative academic consequences.

Absenteeism can have pronounced negative impacts on students of poverty

(Ready,2010) and according (Balfane And Byrnes,2012) absenteeism can reduce the

like hood of post-secondary enrolment. There is also evidence of a particular pattern of

non-attendance amongst university students, with most absenteeism accusing on

Mondays-and Fridays being of one day in duration (Timmins, 2002, Rodgers, 2002)

According (Gatherer and Manning, 1998) suggest that there are may actually be

psychological benefits to occasional absences. Yet, if one were to try to dress this in

timetabling and in so doing, scheduled classes only on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and

Thursdays. Student’s perceptions of the classroom or teachers as chaotic, uncaring or

boring were associated with student absenteeism and truancy (Duckworth and Dejong,

1989, Redericket al, 1997) Research found that several family and community

enrolment practices were associated with student attendance including rewarding.

Students for good attendance communicating with families about student attendance,

providing families with information about people to contact at school or intuitions,

conducting worships on attendance, and providing after-school programs for students

(Epstein and Sheldon, 2002). According to (Henry, 2007) social learning theory may

also be applied to the way parents pass on their values and expectations relatives to

schooling and education. The attitude a student’s parents have toward truancy plays an

important role in the extent to which truant behavior persists. High rates of unexcused

absences have been linked to “ school disengagement “ and lower academic

achievement.(Gotttried,2009)students with high number of unexcused absences might

be less motivated and supported at home then a students with an equal number of

exceed ones :Therefore the reasons for school institutions absences are related to the

extent to which students learn. Recent studies show students who are chronically
absent are involved with the following disruptive classroom behavior in the current

percentiles;29% are bullies, bullied 19%.Have disrespect for teachers,19% are afflicted

with gangs, and 13% are verbally abuse teachers (Reimer& Sminh,2005) see school

absenteeism as a cause of low scholastics an more students are referred to for

disciplinary action (Sommer and Najd 1991) Class attendance is likely to be

substantially influenced by contextual factors (Crede, Roch&Kiesecuyuks 2010) such as

attendance norms of university perceived difficulty of the class, characteristic of the

instructors and whether students can obtain lecture material online. It is also true that

individual differences factors such as motivation, consciencetiousness and intelligence

increase the likelihood of a student attending class ( Decades and Fortz 1996,

Arulampalam, Naylor, and Smith 2012).

Chapter 3
Methodology

These chapter presents the research design procedure the subject of the
study,determination of sampling,research instruments and statistical treatment of data.
Research Design

The research design used the statistical information to see if dependent

variables relating to the reasons of absenteeism in terms of family problems, time
management, and environment of the school were significant effects of absenteeism in
the academic performance of grade 11 ABM students in Aclc, Antipolo. In the senior
high of approximately 1000 students, 100 were chosen through random selection to be
the respondents. The control group consisted of subject-based students intending to
graduate within the year. Internal validity was not guaranteed, however the subjects
surveyed were unaffected by environmental qualities that may skew results. The
external
validity in general terms was applicable to other seniors of similar school
populations. The Recommendation were formulated concerning how absenteeism could
be reduced among students.

Subject of the study

The respondent in this study were all the Grade 11 ABM Students of Senior High
School in ACLC Antipolo in the school year 2019-2020.

Determination of Sampling

The population can serve as a sample for a study (Johnson & Chistensen, 2000:150).
Grade 11 ABM Students in Aclc, Antipolo were included in this study, which means that
they are the respondents. The purpose was to investigate the effects of absenteeism in
the academic performance of the student. Their views would indicate which aspect
needed to be improved.

Research Instrument
After completion of an in-depth literature study, a questionnaire was designed, keeping
the research objectives in mind. A questionnaire is a printed self-report form designed to
elicit information that can be obtained through the written responses of the subject
(Burns & Grove 1993:777). The items were derived from the literature review and were
in line with the conceptual framework. In this study respondents had to indicate their
level of agreement with each item by responding with the “YES” or “NO” options.
Respondents responded to the closed-ended items by indicating their responses with a
“✔”.

Statistical treatment of data

Frequency distributions were used to organize data, to give meaning to the response
rates and facilitate insight. In the relevant tables the frequency distributions of
responses are ordered in order of occurrence from the highest to the lowest
percentages obtained on the responses “YES” and “NO” of agreement on items. If
responses “YES”, reached 75% or more, it was regarded to be indicative of an
important reason for absenteeism.

CHAPTER 4

Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

Presentation of data

Respondents were the random Grade 11 taking Accountancy, Business and

Management students of Ama Computer Learning center, Antipolo. The total of
respondents is 50 and they are 72% or 36 respondents are female while 28% or 14
respondents are male. It means that, female have the highest percentage than male.
While the age of the respondent are given. There are 2 respondents or 4% comes in
age group of 20 above, followed by 20 respondents or 40% from 18-19 age group and
end with 28 respondents or 56% from 17 below age group.

Analysis of data

Is the distance of home of the student to school is a reason to not attend in class?

• Out of 50 students, 38 or 76% respondents are voted yes. It means that, this is
one factor/reason that affects students not attend in class and affects their academic
performance.

Is surfing late in internet can cause of not attending in class?

• Out of 50 students, 26 or 52% respondents are voted yes. It means that, this is
not one factor/reason that affects students not attend in class and not affects their
academic performance.

Is financial problem affects students not attend in class?

• Out of 50 students, 40 or 80% respondents are voted yes. It means that, this is
one factor/reason that affects students not attend in class and affects their academic
performance.

Is family problem affects student not attend in class?

• Out of 50 students, 34 or 68% respondents are voted yes. It means that, this is
not one factor/reason that affects students not attend in class and not affects their
academic performance.

Is assignment, project, activity affects students not attend in class?

• Out of 50 students, 28 or 56% respondents are voted yes. It means that, this is
not one factor/reason that affects students not attend in class and not affects their
academic performance.

Is extracurricular activity affects student not attend in class?

• Out of 50 students, 29 or 58% respondents are voted yes. It means that, this is
not one factor/reason that affects students not attend in class and not affects their
academic performance.

Is transportation affect students not attend in class?

• Out of 50 students, 20 or 40% respondents are voted yes. It means that, this is
not one factor/reason that affects students not attend in class and not affects their
academic performance.

Is working of the student affects students not attend in class?

• Out of 50 students, 39 or 78% respondents are voted yes. It means that, this is
one factor/reason that affects students not attend in class and affects their academic
performance.

Is in a relationship of the student affects student not attend in class?

• Out of 50 students, 24 or 48% respondents are voted yes. It means that, this is
not one factor/reason that affects students not attend in class and not affects their
academic performance.

Is bullying affects student not attend in class?

• Out of 50 students, 31 or 62% respondents are voted yes. It means that, this is
not one factor/reason that affects students not attend in class and not affects their
academic performance.

Interpretation of Data

The Interpretation of data were distinguish, three question reached 75% or more, It
means that, three factor/reason affects student not attend in class so that, their
academic performance was affected also.

CHAPTER 5
 Summary of finding, Conclusion and Recommendation

Summary of findings

This was conducted for the purpose of determining the effects of absenteeism in the
academic performance of grade 11 ABM students of Ama Computer Learning Center,
Antipolo. The descriptive method is used of research was utilized and the nominative
survey technique was used for gathering data. The questionnaire serve as the
instrument for collecting data. All 50 students are respondent. The inquiry was
conducted the school year 2019-2020.

Conclusion

Students affect their academic performance by not attend in class by three reason, the
distance from home to school, financial problem and working of the student.

Recommendations

Given of the findings and conclusion, the following recommendations were put forward: