Department of Education

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CITY OF MEYCAUAYAN

Pag-asa St., Malhacan, City of Meycauayan, Bulacan

Activity Sheet 11
in
GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Quarter 1 – Week 1:
Represents Real-life Situations
Using Functions, Including
Piece-wise Functions
(M11GM-Ia-1)
 FUNCTIONS AS MODELS

LET US KNOW

Try This!

A promodiser who is assigned at SM Marilao

receives ₱409.00 per day.

How much will she receive after working for 15

days?

In everyday life, many quantities depend on one or more changing

variables. For example:

(a) plant growth depends on sunlight and rainfall;

(b) speed depends on distance travelled and time taken;
(c) voltage depends on current and resistance;
(d) test marks depend on attitude, listening in lectures, and doing
tutorials (among many other variables) and many other examples.

The learning activity sheet will focus on the topic:

 Functions as Models

After going through this learning activity sheet, you are expected to
represent real-life situations using functions, including piece-wise functions.

LET US REVIEW

Given a table of values of x and y, how would you express the rule to
describe the correspondence between the two variables? Write your answers
on a separate sheet of paper.

x 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
y 9 17 25 33 41 49 57
 LET US STUDY

Relations
A relation is a rule that relates
values from a set of values (called
the domain) to the second set of
values (called the range).
Functions
A function is a relation where each
element in the domain is related to
only one value in the range by
some rule.

The elements of the domain can be

The elements of the domain can be
imagined as input to a machine
imagined as input to a machine
that applies a rule so that each
that applies a rule to these inputs
input corresponds to only one
to generate one or more outputs.
output.

A relation is also a set of ordered

pairs (x, y). A function is a set of ordered pairs
(x, y) such that no two ordered
pairs have the same x-value but
different y-values.

Some rules of correspondence involving two related quantities can be

shown in everyday situations. Such a rule of correspondence is called a
function. A function f is a rule of correspondence from the elements of a
set x to the elements of another set y.

The variable x in set X is the independent variable, while the

variable y in set Y is the dependent variable.

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Examples

1. Which of the following relations are functions?

a. f = {(1, 3), (2, 4), (3, 5), (4, 6)}
b. g = {(1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6), (3, 7)}
c. h = {(1, 4), (2, 8), (3, 12),…,(n, 4n),…}

Solution. The relations f and h are functions because no two

ordered pairs have the same x-value but different y-values, while
g is not a function because (1, 3) and (1, 4) are ordered pairs with the
same x-value but different y-values.

Using the given mapping diagrams tell whether function or not

2. function.

Solution. The f is a function because each x  X corresponds to a

unique y  Y. The relation g is not a function because there is at
least one element in X for which these is more than one
corresponding y-value.

Which of the following graphs can be graphs of functions?

3.

a b

c
 Solution. Graphs a and b are graphs of functions while c is not
because it does not pass the vertical line test. (The red lines serve as
the vertical lines used to test the graphs).

The Vertical Line Test

A graph represents a function if and only if each vertical line
intersects the graph at most once.

4.
Which of the following represent a function?
a. y = 3x + 1
b. y = 𝑥 2 + x -2
c. 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 4
d. 𝑦 = √𝑥 + 1

Solution. All of the given equations are relations. All are functions
except c. Equation c is not a function because there is an x-value
that corresponds to more than one y-value. (example if x = 0, then y
can be +2 or -2).

5. Function as representation of real-life situation

Suppose Mrs. Santos is paying ₱799 for an internet
service with 3 GB monthly data and a connection fee of ₱20
per hour in excess of the data. Represent her monthly bill
as a function of connection time.

Solution. Let x be the total number of hours in a month that Mrs.

Santos uses the internet in excess of the 3 GB monthly data and
f(x) be Mrs. Santos monthly bill.

The bill has two parts: the one-time fee of ₱799 and the hourly
charge of ₱20. The total monthly bill is the one-time fee plus the
charge per hour times the number of hours.

The function is f(x) = 799 + 20x.

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6. Piecewise Function
A jeepney ride costs ₱9.00 for the first 4 kilometers,
and ₱1.00 for every additional kilometer. Represent the
jeepney fare in terms of the distance d in kilometers.

Solution. The input value is the distance and the output is the
cost of the jeepney fare. If F(d) represents the fare as a function of
distance, the function can be represented as follows:
9 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑑 ≤ 4
F(d) = { }
9 + 1(𝑑 ) 𝑖𝑓 𝑑 > 4
The symbol [d] denotes the greatest integer or floor function
applied to d. The floor function gives the largest integer less than
or equal to d, e.g. [4.1] = [4.9] = 4.

Piecewise Functions
Some situations can only be described by more than one
formula, depending on the value of the independent variable.
A piecewise function consists of a set of different intervals of
x with the value of y.

LET US PRACTICE

A. Tell whether the given relation is a function or not function.

Write F for Function and NF for Not Function. Please state your reason to
support your answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. {(2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5), (6, 6)}

Reason: ________________________________________________________
2.
x 4 1 0 1 4
y -2 -1 0 1 2

Reason: ________________________________________________________
 A B

3. 3 10
4
17
-3

Reason: ________________________________________________________

4.

Reason: ________________________________________________________
5. The equation y = 𝑥 2 – 4.

Reason: ________________________________________________________
B. Answer the given problem below.

Give a function C that can represent the cost of buying x meals in

an eatery, if one meal costs ₱50.00.

Answer: ________________________________________________________

7
 LET US REMEMBER

Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Define and differentiate relation and function.

What are the ways to represent functions?

Define piecewise function.

LET US APPRECIATE

Do the given task below. Write your answer on a separate sheet of

paper.

Suppose a user is charged ₱450.00 for a

particular mobile plan, which includes 250 free
text messages. Messages in excess of 250 are
charged ₱1.00 each.

Represent the amount a consumer pays

each month as a function of the number of
messages m sent in a month.
 LET US PRACTICE MORE

Do the given tasks below. Write your answers on a separate sheet

of paper.
A. Give examples of functions for each representation.

 4 Sets of ordered pairs

 4 Table of Values

 4 Mapping diagrams

 4 Graphs

B. Provide a real-life example or scenario that can be expressed as

relation that is not a function.

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 EVALUATION

A. Put (  ) if the given relation is a function and (x) if it is not a

function. Please write your reason to support your answer. Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

{(a, b), (c, d), (e, f), (a , g), (h, i)}

1
Answer: ________________________________________________________
Reason: ________________________________________________________

{(3, -3), (4, -4), (5, -5), (6 , -6), (7, -7)}

2
Answer: ________________________________________________________
Reason: ________________________________________________________

The relation pairing a person to his or her thumbprint.

3
Answer: ________________________________________________________
Reason: ________________________________________________________

The relation pairing the circle’s circumference to its diameter.

4

Answer: ________________________________________________________
Reason: ________________________________________________________

The relation pairing length of person's shadow along the floor

5 to his or her height.

Answer: ________________________________________________________
Reason: ________________________________________________________
B. Do the given tasks below. Write your answers on a separate sheet
of paper.

Suppose the cost of hiring a catering service to serve

food for a birthday party is ₱350 per head for 50 persons or
less, ₱330 for 51 to 75 persons, and ₱300 per head for 76 to
100 persons. For 101 or more persons, the cost is at ₱280 per
head. Represent the total cost as a piecewise function of the
number of attendees at the birthday party.
1

Saguz cloth store (located in Bancal) offers ₱30 for every

yard of Geena cloth.

a. Give a function G that can represent the cost of

buying x yards.
b. How much will 35 yards of Geena cloth cost?
2

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 All Rights Reserved
2020

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

CAROLINA S. VIOLETA, EdD

Schools Division Superintendent

JERRY DIMLA CRUZ, PhD, CESE

Asst. Schools Division Superintendent

DOMINADOR M. CABRERA, PhD

Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

EDWARD C. JIMENEZ, PhD

Education Program Supervisor- LR Manager

JOCELYN A. MANALAYSAY, PhD

Education Program Supervisor- Mathematics

CINDY D. OLIVA, PhD

Developer-CMVSHS