4th Maths, Science & Social - Term 1 - New School Text Books - English Medium PDF Download

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PP da
INDEX
sa lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
asa
PP da
sa lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
asa
PP da
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg .Org rg rg rg
sa lsaai.lO
ai.O a
O
lsaai.lS.No
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.OUNITSsalsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O Page i i.O
salaala a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
da a s a as a a s a a a a s a adadas a s a adsa
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P Pa PaPdad a
PP da
Unit-1 GEOMETRY
rg rg r1.1
g rg Properties rg rg of 2-D Shaped rg rg objects rg rg rg rg 1 ai.Oir.O g rg rg rg
sa lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
s s s s s s s adsa
asa
da a
PaPdad
a 1.2 PaCreating
a
d a
Pad shapes
PaPdadby combining
a a
PaPdaddifferent P2-D
a a aPdadashapes
a
Pa11
a
d a
Pad
a
PaPdad
a a
PP da
1.3 Properties of 3-D objects 15
rg r g rg rg rg rg g rg
r.O rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg
salsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaaUnit-2
i . O
lai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a aiNUMBERS
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO i.Or
aE-Book a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad a da
2.1 Number Sequence upto 10,000 19
PP
rg rg 2.2g rg
r.O Comparing g rg Numbers
r.O rg rg rg rg rg rg 27 rg rg rg rg
lsaai.lO
ai.O l a i.lO i a i.lO i lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
2.3 PaAddition
l
andPasubtraction 30
sa a a a a a a a a a
da a s a s a a
d as s a a
d a s a s a a s a a
d as a s a adsa
asa
PaPdad Pad Pad PaPdad PaPdad PaPad PaPdad a
PP da
Unit-3 PATTERNS
ai3.1 Pattern ai.Oin shapesalsaai.lO 39 alai.lO
rg rg g rg
r.O r g r g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
sa lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
da a s a a
d as a a a s a a s a a
d as s a a s a adsa
asa
PaPdad 3.2 PaPatterns in numbers
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad Pa41 PaPdad d
Pad Pad a
PP a
Unit-4 MEASUREMENTS Assessment

rg rg g rg
r.O g rg
r.O rg rg g rg
r.O rg rg rg g rg rg
lsaai.lO i.lO i.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO i.lOi.Or lsaai.lO lai.lO
sa ai.O s a l aa ai
Understand
s a l aa a i
relationship
s a ai.O between s a aimeter and s a ai.O s al aa a s a ai.O
adsa
asa
ai
da a
PaPdad
a s
4.1 PaPdada a s
Padad
a a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a 49
Pa
a
d a
Pad
s a
PaPdad
a a da
centimeter P
PP
rg rg 4.2
rg rg Conversion rg rg of Meter rginto
rg Centimeter rg rg rg rg 53 rg rg rg rg
lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
sa
da a
PaPdad
s a
a 4.3 PaConversion
a
d a
Pad
s a
of
PaPdCentimeter
a s
ada
a
Pinto
aPdadaMeter PaPdada
a s a a s a
53
Pa
a
d a
Pad
s a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PP dadsa
a asa
4.4 Solving problem involving length and distances 58
ai4.5 Estimation 59 alaai.lO
rg rg r g
.Or g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
sa lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
da a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a s a s a adsa
asa
PaPdad Unit-5 PaPdad PaPdad TIME PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Digi-Links a
PP da
5.1 Understand days andg weeks 62

rg rg g rg
r.O g rg
r.O r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
sa lsaai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a 5.2
i
“Marking
a l a i.lO
a i
the dates” a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O 64 a lsaai.lOai.O a lsaai.lOai.O lai.lO
ai
da a s a s a a s a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a adsa
asa
PP da
5.3 Compute the number of weeks in a year 65
rg rg g rg
r.O Correlate rg rg the number rg rof
g days ini.a rgyear
rg with the rg rg rg rg rg rg
lsaai.lO
ai.O ai5.4
lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaalO ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O 67asaalsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
Panumber of daysPaPdadin each month
sa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a adsa
asa
da PaPdad
a d a
Pad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad PaPdad
a a
PP da
5.5. Read clock time to the nearest hours and minutes 68
lsaaUnit-6 ai.O INFORMATION PROCESSING
rg rg r g r g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
sa lsaai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
da a s a a
d as a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a adsa
asa
PaPdad 6.1 PaSystematic
Pad PaPdad
Listing PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
72 PaPdad a
PP da
6.2 Collect and represent data in the form of bar graphs 75

rg rg g rg
r.O g rg
r.O g rg
r.O g rg
r.O rg rg rg rg rg rg
sa lsaai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a 6.3
i a l a i.lO
Representation a i
ofa l a i.lO
data
a i
in Pie-Chart
a l a i.lO
a i a lsaai.lO
ai.O 77 a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
da a
adada
s s a a
adada
s s a a
adada
s s a a
adada
s s a a
adada
s a s
adada a s a adsa
asa
PP PP PP PP PP PP PaPdad a
PP da
salsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
asa
PP da
sa lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
asa
PP da
iv
sa lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai
asa
PP da

alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a adsa
asa
PP da
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
GEOMETRY
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
UNIT-1
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a asa
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
1.1 Properties
lsaai.lO
ai.O i.Oir.Orgof 2-D
rg rg
salaala
g
i.OiShaped
salaala
g rg
r.O objects
salaala
g
i.Oir.Org alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a as a as a as a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Learn, names of shapes like triangle, square,
arectangle, pentagon, ai.Ocirclesaetc.
rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lOi.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a
ad d
s a a
ad d
s a a
ad d
s a a
ad d a a
ad d
s a a
ad d
s a a s a asaasa
P Pa P Pa P Pa P Pa P Pa P Pa PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg
Karan rg g
and his parents rg g
wentrgto g
a village rgfestival. g
Hergsaw g
some play rg rg rg rg
lai.lO i.lOi.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lOi.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
sarticles.
a
a
l
s
aa a
He a
PaPdad
s a
acan
l
s
aa a
identify
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsthe
aa a
shapes a
PaPdad
saa
lsof
aa a
some articles.
a
PaPdad
saa
ls
aa a
He was
a
PaPdad
s a
a not
ai.O
able a
PaPdad
s to
a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
identify few things. Shall we help him to identify the shapes.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
CAN YOU GUESS THE SHAPES OF THESE THINGS
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
Recognising these shapes in the objects around them.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdadA shape Pthat aPdad can bePadrawn on aPaplane surfacePaPdadis calledPa aPdaplane figure.
asa a s a a s a d a s a d a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
Pad Pad d PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
EXAMPLES
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg r g rg rg Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O Square i. i.O
salaala a lsaai.lO
ai.O
Rectanglea lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
PaTriangle
asa as a adaadas a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
PaPdad PP PaPdad P aPdad PaPdad d
Pad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Semi circle
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Circle
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Pentagoni. i.O
salaala
Org rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a adaadas a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PP PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadAsk the Pchildren to Pgo
aPdadaround and PaPdadlist down all
dad the shapes PaPdad of polygons,
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
aPdad PaP PaPdad PaPdad
quadrilaterals, circle, semi gcircle, oval, getc... and sort out them.
rg rg g r rg g r rg g g
r rg r rg r rg r rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Group Activity 1
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Tell the children to draw different shapes on the ground. When
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O teacher
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O announces
a lsaai.lO
rg rg one shape
ai.O a ai.O all the
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsaaistudents
.lO rg rg
ai.O stand
a ai.O in the
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsparticular
aai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a s a s as a s a s asaasa
PaPdadshape. (Continue the
PaPdgame till Pthe end) PaPad
a a a a a a a
PaPdad ad aPdad d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Try
a lsaai.lO
rg rgThis
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
Group Activity 2
aForm shapes ai.Olike
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lOi.Or a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa s s s s s s s asaasa
Make the children to stand in 3 or 4
a a a a a a a a a a a a a a
quadrilateral, circle,
groups. Teacherrg rpoints outrgargparticularrg rg
lai.lO
rg rg i.lO rg g
i.Or i.lO g
lsaai.lO i.Oi.O oval,
i.Oir.Org and semicircle.
g g
i.Oir.Org lsaai.lO
rg rg
asgroup and aasks themPaPto
daadsaform a Pshape.
a ai.O a l a a a l a a i.O a ai.O salaala salaala salaala a ai.O lai
asa as a sas a
aPdaadas a as a as a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg rg rg
Exercise
rg rg rg rg
1 rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a asaasa a s a
a a saa a saa asaasa
Write down the names of shape in the following pictures.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad(1) (2)
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1. Write the number of squares and triangles in the given picture.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Square
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Triangle
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2. Write the number of rectangles and triangles in the given picture.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
Rectangle
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Triangle
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3. Identify the cut shapes and write the names in the boxes
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
given
lai.lO
rgbelow.
ai.O
rg
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asa
asa a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
Draw circlesOrgusing
rg rg rg
objects
Org rg
like bangles,
Org rg
coins
Org rg
etc. rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a saa a saa asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg r g rg rg rg rg Org rg Org rg Org rg rg rg rg rg

alai.lO
asa
ai.O
as a
a
lsaai.lO Place
ai.O aa sbangle
a
a
lsaai.lOoradcoin
ai.O
asaasa on a paper.
lai.lai.O
asaasa Trace adaadsa
lai.lai.O lai.lai.O
asa a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad P Pad PaPdad PP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
along its boundary till your Pencil reaches
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O .Orthe
Org starting
g .OrO g rpoint.
g This .OrO g is
rg a circle. .OrO g rg .OrO g rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
asa asasaalai lai. alai lai.
asasa alai lai. asasa alai lai. alai lai.
asasa asasa a s a
a a saa asa
lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Activity
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Let us draw the circle using a pencil and thread.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad1. MarkPa aPdapoint A onPaPdaadsheet.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad A PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
rg rg 2.
lsaai.lO
Fix
rg rg one end
lsaai.lO
rof
g rg the thread
lsaai.lO
rg rg on the ipoint
lsaa.lO
rg rg and put
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O lai
the pencil
PaPdad on thePaother end ofPaPdathe threadPaPdaas
a
asa a saa a saa a s a
a a saa a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad d
Pad d d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
shown in the figure.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad3. MovePathe Pad pencil by PaPdadkeeping the PaPdad thread at PaPdaA.
d Point A is
dad called the
asa a s a d a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
PaP PaPdad PaPdad
center of the circle.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
1.1a
lsaai.lO
rg rg Draw 2D
ai.O lsaai.lO
rgshapes
ai.O
rg inair.free
lsaai.lO
g
Org hand lsaai.lO
with
rg rg
ai.O
geometrylsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
tools.lai.Oair.Og rg lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a a a a a a asa l a asa
asa a s a s a s a s as asa a s asa
D C
a a a a a a
Quadrilateral
rg rg rg rg g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg rg rg rg rg
ai.O1. All asclosed four asasided fiaguresasa are called
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO laalai. la lai. la lai. la lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asa asa asa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P Pdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
quadrilaterals
ai.O2. It has ai.Ofour sides (AB,BC,CD,DA), four lsaai.lvertices
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a
O
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
(A,B,C,D) and two diagonals (AC,BD)
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
A lai.Oair.Og rg B air.Og rg
lsaai.lO lai
a a a a a a sa l a asa
asa a s a a s a as a a s a a s a a asa a s a asa
4
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO E
ai.O X A Ma s a
aPlsaai.L
lai.E
OrO
S a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Square Rhombus Rectangle Trapezium Parallelogram
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O Ssalaai.lOai.O R lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Square
a
as a s a s a s a sa s a s a asaasa
a a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a adadas
P Pa
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
lai.lO
rg r g Air.Ogsquare
lsaai.lO
rg has lsaai.lO
rfour
g rg equal lsaai.lO
sides
rg rg (PQ=QR=RS=SP),
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.O a a a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad four vertices (P, Q,
PaPdaR,
d S) and Ptwo aPdad diagonals PaPda(PR, QS).PaPdad
asa as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
PaPdad d PaPdad PaPdad
The diagonals of a square are equal in length (PR = QS).

lai.lO
ai.O lsaaExamples
i.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PadaPd PaPdadQ
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
Padad
P Padad P Padad P Padad P Padad P P PaPdad
Carom board Chess board One face of the dice
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Rectangle
rg rg g rg
r.O rg rg rg rg g rg
rO rZ
g rg rg rg Y rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsA airectangle
aai.lO a lsaahasai.O four sides
i.lO a ai.O (WX, XY,
lsaai.lO a ai.YZ,
lsaai.lO ZW) a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
and four vertices (W, X, Y, Z). It has
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
two
lsaai.lO
rg requal
ai.O
g diagonals
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
(WY a
=rgZX)
lsaai.lO
ai.O
rg andalaopposite
i.lO rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa s s s s sa s s s asaasa
PaPdad sides are PaPdaequal (WXPaPd=
ad YZ ; XYP= WZ).
a a a a a a a
aPdad a a a a a a a
d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
W X
lsExamples
a lai.lO
ai.O a aai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
PaPdad Rhombus
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad
Mat PaPdad
Black Board PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Aairhombus
lsaai.lO
g rg
r.O has
lsaai.lO
rg rfour
ai.O
g equal lsaai.lO
rgsides
ai.O
rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
rg rg
ai.Oi.O lai
L PN
a
asa s a s a s a s a s a s a sal ala asaasa
PaPdad (LM = MN PaPdad= NO = OL) PaPdad , four vertices aPdaadas
a a a a a a a a a a a a
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg
(L,rgM, N, O) and g rg
two diagonals g rg
(LN, MO). rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
rg r.O r.O
lai.lO
The diagonals are not equal in length.
ai.O i.
lsaalaOi. O i .
lsaalaOi i .
lsaala Oi lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
Padad Padad Padad Padad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
P P P P
M
rg rg
Examplesrg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O Kite lai.O
asasal
r rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsTile
aai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a s a a s a a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
5
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
Parallelogram. rg
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg
rg .OrO
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O Hadaadsaalsaai lai. aGsaa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad A Parallelogram has four sides
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PP PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg (EF, rg gFG, GH, i.HE) rg g and four rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg

lai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or O i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad vertices PaPd(E,F, G, H).PaPdOpposite sides
PaPdad are parallel
a a la a al a la a a a a a
asa a s a s a a s a s a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a asa
asa
ad ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
and equal in length (EF=GH; FG=HE) E F
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Activity
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Use Geoboard and rubber band to form or deform or reform the
alai.lO
rg r g
ai.O different
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O shapes.
a ai.O Discuss
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a aisimilarities
lsaai.lO
g rg
r.O
a ai.and
lsaai.lO
g rg
rO
differences
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O among a lsaai.lO the asalsaai.lOair.Og rg
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a asa
PaPdad ad d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
shapes. P Pa
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a Exercise 1.1a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a ai.O Fill in sthe
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO blanks.
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
1. All closed four sided figures are called _________.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a 2. PaA
d _________
a
Pad
s a
a
PaPdad has four
a s a
a
PaPdequal
a
ad
saa sides
PaPdand
a
ad
saa equal Pdiagonals.
a
aPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
3. The opposite sides of a _________ are equal.

rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg r rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
4. PaA
Pad_________ PaPdad has no sides.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
PaPdad d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg
5. Diagonals
rg rg rg rg
are equal
rg rg
in _________
rg rg
and _________.
rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a asaasa
Write the name of the sides and diagonals.
lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O s a ai.O s a ai.O s a ai.O s a ai.O s a ai.O sa ai.O
H s a ai.O
asa
lai
asa
D C
S R
ai.OZ Ysalaai.lOair.Og rg
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a as
PaPdad
as
PaPdad
a
a
PE
a
aPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a G asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Q
a a a a a a a
A B W X P F
__________ __________ __________ __________
rg rg g rg
r.O g rg
r.O g rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
ad d
s__________ __________
a
a
i.
lsaalaOi
a
ad d
s a
a
i .
lsaalaOi
as
ad d
a
a
i .
lsaala Oi
a
ad d
s a
a
lsaa__________
i.lO
ai.O
a
ad d
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
ad d
__________
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
ad d
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
P Pa P Pa P Pa P Pa P Pa P Pa P Pa PaPdad
rg rg rgActivity
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Draw different on the circles. Measure the distance between center and
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O aalaapoint
i.lO rg rg on the i.circle.
ai.O OrO
alaalai.
g rg Find whether
.OrO
alaai lai.
g rg the .Odistances
rO
alaai lai.
g rg are
.OrO
alaai lai.
same or
g rg different.
.OrO
alaai lai.
g rg .OrO
alaai lai.
g rg
lai
asa asas asas asas asas asas asas asas asaasa
6
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1.1b How to draw a circle using compass?
rg rg rg rg Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a
aLook ai.O at your
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsaai.geometry
lai.O a s a
abox ai.O and identify
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
ai.O the compass.
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
A compass has 2 arms.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a s a s a s as a s asa
asa
EXAMPLE
a a a a a a a
Draw a circle of radius 5cm using a compass.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Step 1 Take a compass and fix the
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
rg rg
ai.O
pencil
lai.O
rg rin
ai.O
g it.
lai.O
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a asa l asa l asa l asa l a a a asa
as a asa asa asa asa a s a a s a a s a asa
Step 2 Measure 5cm on the compass
alai.lO
rg r g
ai.O .OrO
alai lai.
g rg by using
.OrO
alai lai.
g rg a ruler..OrO
alai lai.
g rg .OrO
alai lai.
g rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa asasa asasa asasa asasa a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Step 3 Fix firmly the needle of the
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org compass
i.Oir.Org on a apoint
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Orgin the paper.
s lsaala
g
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a a a a a a a a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Step 4 M ove the pencil around it in
rg rg
any aidirection latill
ai.O you return ai.Oto the sstarting point.
r g r g g rg
r.O rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO i.lO lai.lO lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asa
asa asa
asa asa
asa asa
asa a aasa asa
asa a s a
a asaasa
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
Exercise
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
asa 1.1b
la lai.
asa
PaPdad
la lai.
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Construct
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
circles
lsaai.lO
rg rg of the following
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
radii
lsaai.lO
rg rusing
ai.O
g a lcompass.
aai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a s as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
a. 6 cm b. 5.5cm c. 8cm d. 6.8cm e. 8.6cm
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1.1c Identifying center, radius and diameter of a circle
ai.O E
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg
i.Or
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
sCircle
a
a
ai.O is perfectly
lsaai.lO
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O rounda
PaPdad
s a
a inai.Oshape. sIt
lsaai.lO
a
PaPdad
aa
ahas
lsaai.lO
noPadsides
adsaa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
Pa
and no diagonals. 'O' is the center of the circle.
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O The
a lsaai.lOai.Odistance
rg rg
a lsaaifrom
.lO rg rg the center
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg to each
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rgof
ai.O
rg these i.Oir.O
a lsaala
g rg
A salsaai.lOair.OgOrg B a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a s a s a s a a s asaasa
PaPdadpoints A, B, C, D,E isPaPthe radiusPaof Pad the circle.
a dad a dad a d a a a a
PaP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Radius is equal rin g glength (OA=OB=OC=OD=OE).

lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O i.lO rg g
i.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Dalaai.lOair.Og rg C alaai.lOair.Og rg lai
All the radii are equal in length in a circle.
a a l a a a l a a a a a
asa a s a s a a s a s a a s a a s a a s a a sas asas asaasa
rg rg rA
g gLine segment rg g AB passes rg gthrough i.the rg g center of rg rg L rg rg M rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO i.Or a i.lO i.Or a i.lO i.Or a O i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadthe circle PaPdO
ad .AB is the PaPddiameter of
PaPdathe circle.PaThe
Pad line
a a l a a l a a l a a l l a a a a
asa a s s a a s s a as s a a s s a a s a s a s asaasa
B
a a a a d a a a
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
ad
A
d
segments XY and LM are the Chords (XY, LM, AB).

lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O The ai.Olongestschord
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O of a circle
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.Ois the diameter
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O (AB). lsaaiThe
.lO rg rg
ai.O
X lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Y lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a aa a saa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad Padad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
radius is always half ofP the diameter.
rg rg rDiameter
g rg isrg rthe
g longest rg rg chord. i.Or.O g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O l laai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O
l la ai.Oi.O
l la a i l la ai.Oi.Ol la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a a saa asaasa
7
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lOErg rX
ai.O
g AMPL
a lsaai.lOErg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
rg rg 1..OrFOg ind the diameter rg g of a.Orcircle g whose rg radius is.O5rOg cm. rg rg rg rg

a lai.lO
ai.O a la i lai. rg al a i.lO
a i.Or a l a i lai.Org a l a i.lO
a i.Or
g
a lsaai lai.
rg
alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a as a a s a asa
asa
Diameter = 2 x radius
Diameter = 2 × radius
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O i.Oir.Og rg
salaala alsaai= ai.2
.lO g rgx 5
rO
alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Radius
a ai.O = Diameter
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a as as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Diameter = 10 cm 2
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O alsa2.
i.lO
Find
ai.O the a lsaradius
i.lO
ai.O of a a lsacircle
i.lO
ai.O whose a adiameter
lsaai.lOi.Or a lsis a88cm.
aai.lOi.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a a a s a a a s a a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
diameter 88
Radius = =
lsa ai.O 2 2
alai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa d as a a d a s a d a s a d a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPad PaPad PaPad PaPad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Radius = 44 cm.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Activity
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadMeasurePathe Pad radiusPand aPdad diameter PaPdaof the following circles.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
d d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
o o o
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
lsaai.Radius = a--------- lsaaRadius = --------- lsaRadius = ---------

rg rg Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a a s a a s a a s a a a s a a s a asaasa
Diameter = ------ Diameter = ------ Diameter = ------
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Exercise 1.1c
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
rg rg rg rgFill in the rgblanks.

rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1. All the radii of a circle are ___________.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a 2. PaThe
d a
Pad
s a
a ___________ a
PaPdad
s a
a is Pthe
aPdad longestPachord
a s a
a d a
Pad
s a
a of a Pcircle.
a
aPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
rg rg rg3.
rg A line rgsegment
rg joining
rg rg any point rg rg on the i.circle rg rg to itsi.Oicenterrg rg is i.Oir.Og rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaalO
ai.O lsaala .O la la lai
Pacalled the P___________ PaPdad of the circle.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a sa
asa asaasa
PaPdad d
Pad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg4.
rg A line rgsegment
rg with rg rg its end points
rg rg on the rg circle
rg islacalled
rg rg a rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.O
ai.O
l lai.O
ai.O l i.O
ai.O l lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Pa___________.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad d
Pad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg5.
rg Twice rgthe
rg radius ris
g rg___________. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
8
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rgFind thei.Odiameter rg rg ofair.Ogthe

rg circle. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaalai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1. Radius = 10cm 2. Radius = 8cm 3. Radius = 6cm
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
asa
Find
PaPdadthe radius PaPdaof
d the circle. asa
a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
lai.lOair.Og rg1. Diameter
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
= 24cm
lai.lO
2.
rg rg Diameter
ai.O lai.lO
rg =30cm
ai.O
rg 3.
lai.lO
rg rDiameter
ai.O
g
lai.lO
rg=rg76cm
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a s a as a
a asa
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a asaasa
rg rg Understandi.Oithe
rg rg g rg
r.O propertiesg
i.Oir.Org
of 2D g objects.
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O la la la la la la la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
ai.OActivity
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a sMeasure
aa
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O the
a s a
a
lsaasides
i.lO rg rg
ai.O and a sidentify
a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O thea s a
a
lsanames
i.lO
a
rg rg
ai.O of a
different
s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O objects
a s a
a
ai.O and salsaai.lO
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a a
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
find the differences among them and fill the table given below.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a(a) Chessboard a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a (d) Paper a
PaPdad
s a
a (g) Kite a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
(b) Postcard (e) Newspaper
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a(c) Window a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa (f) Maths a
PaPdad
saaKit box. a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
Shapes Sides Vertices Diagonals
a a a a a a a
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Two
PaPdad diagonalsPare
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad aPdad PaPdad
Four equal sides 4
equal
ai.O Square
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa Rectangle
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Parallelogram
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O Rhombus a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
9
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
ai.O Let us lsaaknow Circle

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.OXX Adadsline
rg rg
alai.lO
rsegment
g rg
ai.O a
joining
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
any lpoint
a aai.lO
rg rg on the i.circle
ai.O a lsaalO
rg rg
ai.O
to its
alsaai.lO
center
rg rg
ai.O
is lai.lOair.Og rg
a asa
lai
Pacalled a radius of the circle .
asa a s a asa a s a a s a s a s a as a d dsasa
a asa
PaPdad Pa
d d PaPa d d Pd d
aPa d d PaPa PaPa PaPa PaPdad
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
XX A sline
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rsegment
g rg
ai.O
with
i.lO rg gits end points
i.Or i.lO rg g on thei.O
i.Or
circle
rg g
i.Or
is called
i.lO rg ga chord. i.Or.O
i.Or
g rg
lai
XXPaAPdadchord passing
a a a al a a al a a a l a l a a l a a a lsaalai
asa s s a s a s a s a s asaasa
through PaPdadthe center PaPdaof the circlePaPdad is called PaPdthe
a a a a a a s a a s a a s a a s a a
PaPdad PaPdad d ad PaPdad
diameter.
rg rg rg rg g r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
XX
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaThe
Pad diameter PaPdad is the longest chord.
a
as a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
alai.lO
rg r g
ai.O a
1.1d Identify
lsaai.lO
ai.O i.Oir.Orgthe sides
rg rg
salaala
g
i.Oir.Organd find
salaala
g
i.Oir.Operimeter
salaala
g rg
i.Oir.Orof
salaala
g g a quadrilateral
g
i.Oir.Org
salaala
g
i.Oir.Org
salaala lai
asa as a a as a as a as a as a as a as asaasa
Perimeter
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadThe perimeter is thePaPdsum of allPsides of a closed figure.
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
PaPdad ad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
E
ai.O X A Ma
PaPdad
s a
aP L
lsaai.lO
E
ai.O S a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg Findingg
i.Or.Org
the sides g and perimeter
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
of the g following.Ofigures.
i.Or.Org
g
i r.Org rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O la lai la lai la lai la lai la lai lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
D 8 cm C P 8 cm Q In a given square all the

lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
sides are equal. lai
m
a
asa s a s a s a sa s a s a s a asa
asa
2 c
A 6 c
m
m
Therefore, Perimeter rg g of a
3 c
rg rg rg rg Org rg rg rg rg g rg g rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O Badaadsaalsaai.lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
S Pasquare = PQPaP+dadQS + SR P+aPdRP
a a a a l a a a la a a l a a a
asa a a a asaasa
PaPdad Sides = PAB, BC, CD, PDA
s s s s s s
RPaPdad
a a a
aPdad a a a s d a a s a a s a a
P Pad ad PaPdad
Perimeter = AB r+g BC + CD + DA = 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 = 32
rg rg r g r g r g r g r g r g r g r g rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a =
a s 3
a
a + 6 + 8 + 2
a s a
a= 19 a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad Perimeter
PaPdad ofPaa
Padsquare = P32cm
d aPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Perimeter= 19cm
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
O ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
N PaPdaIn
a s a
lsaai.lO
d a given
a ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
as
PaPdad
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O X
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
3 cm
rectangle opposite
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O s a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O s a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O sides
asa
asa
ai.Oare equal.
lai.lO
rg rg
asa
lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O s a lsaai.lO
rg rg7 cm
ai.O s a
7 cm
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O s alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad L M
a a a a a a a a a a
PaPdad
9 cm PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Perimeter = ir.LM
g rg +MN +.ONO + OP 7 cm i.Oir.Z
ai.O Y
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
a O a lsaai lai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaala O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
= 9 + 3 + 9 + 3 = 24 Perimeter = XY +YZ + ZX
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai .lO
rg g
i.Or
aPerimeter lsaai=
g rg
rO
ai.24cm
.lO lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
lai.lOair.Og rg = 7 la+i.lOa7ir.Og +rg 7 = 21lai.lOair.Og rg lai
a
asa a a a a asasa a asa asa
a s a s a s as
Pa PdPerimeter dadsasa
Pa=
asa asa
Pa21cm
a a a a ada
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaaiActivity:
.lO
ai.O Find a lsaaithe
ai.O Perimeter
.lO
alsaaiof
.lO Table, Desk,
ai.O a aBlack
lsaai.lOi.Or board a lsand ai.ODoor in your
aai.lO a aclass
lsaai.lOi.Or room.alaai.lOai.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a s asaasa
10
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
Exercise
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
asa
ai.O1.1d salsaai.lO
lai.lO
rg rg
a a
rg rg
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
rg rg
Findrgthe
g
perimeter
rg g
of the following
rg g
figures.
rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg
r r r r
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
rg rg
1. rg rg D .OrOg rg 5 cm
rg gC
2.rg rg Srg rg
2 cm
R r.Og rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai lai. l ai.lO
ai.Or l a i.O
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a 6 cmasaasa a
asas a asasal
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad7 cm PaPdad 5 cmPaPdad PaPdad
3 cm
A Plai.Oir.Og rg rg rgQ
aB
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg 10 cm alai.lO rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O8 cm a lsaai.lOi.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a la ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s asa a s a s a a s a asaasa
S R
aH G
rg r g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lOi.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PC
a a a a a a a a asa
asa
D asa
as a s a s a s a s a s a s
PaPdad
a dad
PaP
a 7 cm aPdad a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
5 cm
3. 4 cm 4 cm 4. 5.
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O A dads7 cm
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Org rg
B adaadsaalsaai.lai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a aE
lsaai.lO
rg g
i.Or 10 cm a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O F a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a s a a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
PaPdad PaPa PP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
P 11 cm Q
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Answer the following Questions.
rg rg rg g rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a
a1. aA
lsaai.lOi.Orside ofalaa
a s a s a asquare-shaped
sandbox
i.lOi.Or
asaasa in Gandhi
lai.lO
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asaasaPark measures
ai.Olai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdadPaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
30 cm. Determine the perimeter of the sandbox.
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
2. aiF
lsaai.lO
r.Oind thesaperimeter
g rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O ofa aai.Orectangle,
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a aiwhose
lsaai.lO
g rg
r.O sides
a ai.Oare 12 scm
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a aand
lsaai.lO
rg g
i.Or 8 cm.
salaala
g
i.Oir.Org lai
asa a s a a a a s a a s a a s a a a a as asa
asa
3. Find the perimeter of the triangle, whose sides are 13 cm, 5 cm
rg rg and
g
i.Or.Org
14 cm.i.Or.Og rg g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O la lai la lai ala lai ala lai ala lai lsaalai lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asa
asa asaasa daadsasa daadsasa daadsasa sa s a asaasa
PaPdad 4. The adjacent sidesP of a parallelogram are P 6 cm andPa7Pdadcm. WhatPaPdis
a a a a
PaPdad P a P aP P a ad PaPdad
the perimeter of the parallelogram?

rg rg rg rg g rg rg g r rg r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 5. The sides PaPdad of a trapezoid measures 8 cm,
PaPd7
ad cm, 4 cm PaPdand 5 cm PaPdad
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad ad PaPdad
respectively. What is the perimeter of the trapezoid?
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1.2 Creating objects by combining different 2-D shapes
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
asa
Uses of tangram in combining different asa
a s a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a s a
rg rg 2-D g rgshapes.
.OrO g rg
.OrO g rg
.OrO g rg
.OrO rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai lai. lai lai. lai lai. lai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa asa
asa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
Tangram is a thousand years old Chinese puzzle
rg rg consisting rg rg five or
rg rgseven geometrical rg rg piecesrg rg called rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdadtans putPtogether toPaPform objects.
asa a s a a
aPdad
s a a
dads a as a a s a a s a a s a asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
11
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Playing with tangrams, can develop skills such as problem-solving,
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O logical
a thinking,
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a ai.Operceptual
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.Oreasoning,
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.visual
lsaai.lO
g rg
rO
spatial
a ai.O awareness
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.Oand
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
creativity.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asa
asa
EXA PaPdM
ad P L E S PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s as a s a s a s a s a s asaasa
1. Join the seven Ppieces of tangram to form
PaPdadthe following PaPdad picture.
a a a a a a a
PaPdad PaPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg .OrO g rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alaai lai. a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a a s a a s a a s a 1 adaasas 5 a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P P d4 PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
2 3
rg r g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg 6 i.Oir.O g rg7 rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaala a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lsa2. ai.Join thealfive ai.O piecessaof aitangram to ai.form thealaafollowing picture.

rg rg g rg
rO rg rg g rg
r.O g rg
rO rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO aai.lO lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a s a s a a a s a a s a s a s a a s a asaasa
2 3
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g
i.Or.Org rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O 1 asalsaalai a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a a s a a s a asaasa
4
5
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asa
asa
Activity
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
Arrange the lsaatangram pieces ai.O (by using ai.maths kit).
rO
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg 1. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a l aai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
2.air.Og rg
lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
12
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
Fill the adspace
rg rg
ai.O with sthe ai.O given satwo ai.O or three ai.Ogeometrical
r rg g r rg g r rg g r rg r rgg g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a adsa
a a aa a a a s a
shaped tiles.
P Pa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
asa
Let us choose and arrange this tiles to form meaningful asa
rg rg
shapes.
Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rgTry
rg This rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
Can we fill a circle
rg rg rg rg
with square
rg rg
tiles?rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa asa
asa asaasa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdNo. we can’t
PaPdad fill a circle
PaPdad with square tiles PaPdad
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad ad PaPdad PaPdad
because circle is curved figure.
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
13
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
Exercise
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
rg r1.2
ai.O
g
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa a s a
Fill the appropriate tiles.

rg rg rg rg g gr rg r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Fill the given region with appropriate tiles both intuitively
a
asa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
rg rg
andrg rgexperimentally.
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asa
asa asaasa a saa asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Activity 1
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdadWhich tile
PaPdadcan you choose to fillPaPdthe
ad space Pgiven belowPaand
Pad find how
PaPdad aPdad d PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg
many
rg rg
tiles are needed
rg rg
to fill the given rspace.
rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
a) b) c)
rg rg rg g
3 rg g 2 rg g
5
lai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
10 cm
l a l a l a l a
asas 2
a a a a
P2
a a a a a a a a asa
asa
2
a asas a s a daadsas a s s s asa
PaPdad PaPdad aPdaadas PaP
a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
15 cm
ai.OActivity a2
rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lOi.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Which shape can you choose to fill thegspace giveng below and fill the
rg rg g rg
r.O g rg
r.O g rg
r.O r.Org r.Org g rg
r.O rg rg
lai.lO following the lsaatable.
ai.O i.
lsaalaOi i. O i i .
lsaala Oi i .
lsaalaOi i .
lsaala Oi i .
lsaalaOi lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a a la a a a a a asa
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a s a asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad 36Pcm
aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
15 cm
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
14
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O chosen salsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO i.Or lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O t into the space provided
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s Shape
a
a a a a sHow many can be fi
a
a a s a
a
a t Will it exactly fi
a s a
into it? or not? (yes/no)
rg rg Eg: Triangle
rg rg (4cm,ai5cm, rg rg5cm) 2 ai.Oir.O
g rg rg rno
g rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsa.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad Padad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Eg: Rectangle (3cm, 6cm) 30 yes P
rg rg rg rg
1.laRectangle (6cm, rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O alsaai5cm)
.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
2. Square (side 6cm)
a lai.lO
ai.O a
.lO
ai.O
lsaaiRectangle
3. (5cm,a
O
lsaai.l12cm)
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
4. Rectangle (6cm, 18cm)

alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa as a s a s a s a s a s a s asaasa
PaPdad 5. Rectangle (3cm, 12cm)
a dad a a a a a a
PaP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg 5. Triangle
rg rg (3cm, 4cm, rg r5cm)
g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
s 1.3 Properties of 3-D objects
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a Create 3D
lsaai.lO
ai.Olaiobjects
rg rg
asasal
.O rg rg
ai.O using
asasal
ai.O claysalsand
lai.O
rg rg
a al
ai.O paper
ai.O
rg rg
laifolding.
asasal
.O rg rg
ai.O lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a s a a a a a a a s a asa
A plane 2-dimensional shape that can be folded to form a
rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s3-dimensional
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
ashape
lsaai.lOi.Or isa scalled
a
a
ai.O a net.
lsaai.lO
a saa
lsNets ai.O are used
aai.lO
a s a
a
ai.Oto make
lsaai.lO
as a
a
lsafl
a aoor
i.lOi.Or mapsalaai.lO
a s a s ai.O
asa
lai
asa
of houses, layout planes of buildings, bridges and so on.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
asa
Cube asa
a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a
lsaai.AOrgcube has lsaai.l6

ai.Oplane faces, ai.O 12 edges aand
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lai.O a
O
alsaai.lO a lsaai.lOi.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a s a s a s a s a s asaasa
PaPdad 8 vertices. PaPdad All the six faces are PaPdadequal.
a a dad a a a a a
rg rg rg rgExamples rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Dice, ice cubes, building blocks, rubiks
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Cuboid
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
A
lsaai.lO
rgcuboid
ai.O
rg has
a lsaai.lO
r6
g rgplane faces.
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg 12 edges
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rand
g rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
PaPdad 8 vertices. PaPdad Its opposite facesPare equal. PaPdad
PaPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Match box, bricks, eraser, book, toothpaste box.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
15
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Sphere
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
A
lsaai.lO
rgsphere
ai.O
rg
a
has
lsaai.lO
rgonly
ai.O
rg onealacurved
i.lO rg rg
ai.O
surface.
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa s s s a s s s s asa
asa
It hasPano
Pad vertices and edges.PaPdad
a a a a a a s a a a a a a a a
PaPdad d dad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Shotput, ball, globe, laddu.
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
as a
Cone asa
lsaai.lA
ai.Ocone has lsaai.lone
ai.O planesaface ai.O and one lsaai.lcurved
alai.lO
ai.O a
O
a
O lsaai.lO a
O
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa as a s a a s a s a s a s asaasa
surface. It has one vertex.
a a a a a a a
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Cone ice cream, Joker‛s cap
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Cone:
Cylinder Plane face
edge
rg rg g rg
r.O g rg
r.O g rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaalA
i . a cone
Oi has
cylinder a i.lone
lsaahasO
a i
2plane
plane aface
lsaafaces
i. O
la i and
andone a lsaalcurved
1 i. O
a .O
i face.
a lsaai.lO
ai.O a i . O
lsaalai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
It also has
curved surface. one edge on vertex. Curved face
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O .It
OrO g rhas
g no aedges
Examples ai.O and vertices.
laai.lO
rg rg .OrO g rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
r
ai.O
g rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
asa asas alaai lai. asas alaai lai. asas a sa a s a as a a s a asa
lai
asa
a
edge PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a Plane face
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
Examples
Cone ice cream, Joker‛s cap
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a ai.O straw,
lsaai.lO a lsagasai.O cylinder,
i.lO a lsaai.lOi.Or
apipe. a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Activities
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a. Fold and form cube from the following nets
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a 1. PaPdad
a s a
a
PaPdad 2.
a s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a
Pa3.
d a
Pad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
1 1 2 1 2
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPda2d 3 4 PaPdad3 3PaPdad 4 5 PaPdad
asa a s a a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
PaPdad dad
PaP PaPdad PaPdad
alai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO 5
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 4alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsa6i.lO rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a s a a a s a asa
rg rg rg rg rg6g rg rg 5 rg 6g rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a l ai.lO
a i.Or alsaai.lO
ai.O a l ai.lO
ai.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asas a as a a s a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
16
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O b.
a aUse
lsaai.lO
rg g
i.Or these inets
salsaala
g rg
.Oir.O to form i.Oir.cuboids.
salsaala
g
Org
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a a a a a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
rg rg 1. rg rg 2. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O 1 a lsaai.lO
ai.O a a1i.O
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
2 3 4
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
a2i.O 3 4 alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
a5i.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
6
ai.O Try it
rg rg rg rg rg rg 5 rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Make 3-D shapes using clay.

rg r g rg rg rg rg 6 rg rg rg rg g rg
r.O g rg
r.O rg rg
lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO (Individual Activity)
ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O i .
lsaala Oi i .
lsaalaOi lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad adad
PP adad PP adad PP PaPdad
rg rg
c.
lsaai.lMake
rg rg
a cone ai.with semicircle. lsad.
ai.OMake asacylinder using airectangle
g rg
rO rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg
r.O rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a
O
ai.O a i.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a a a a s a a s a asaasa
sheet.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Exercise 1.3
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
ai.O Choose lsatheai.O correct lsaai.lanswer.

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a i.lO a
O
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1. A cuboid has ___________ edges.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Paa)
dasa6 b) 8 c) 12
a
asa a s a
a alsala a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad Pad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg2.
g The shape rg g of a dice rg g is like ai.O___________
rg rg rg rg . rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a i.Or a l a i.lO
a i.Or a l a i.lO
a i.Or a lsaalai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa s s a s s a s s a s s s s asaasa
Paa) cuboid PaPdad b) cube PaPdad c) sphere
PaPdad d
Pad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
ai.O3. A ___________ ai.has

g rg a curved
ai.O surface lsaaiand
ai.O two plane ai.Ofaces. salsaai.lO
rg rg rg rg rg rg rO rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO a
.lO
a lsaai.lO ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a a asaasa
a) cylinder b) cone c) sphere
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg Org rg Org rg Org rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a ai.O4.
lsaai.lO I have
a ai.Oone vertex
lsaai.lO a ai.Oand one
lsaai.lO a lsplane
aai.lO
ai.O face. salI
aai.laam
i.O
a ___________
i. i.O
salaala sa.laala
i. i.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a a s a adaadas adaadas adaadas asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PP PP PP PaPdad
a) cone b) cylinder c) sphere
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
5. PaA
Padcube hasPa___________ PaPdad vertices.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad d d
Pad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg a) 8 .OrOg rg rg rg b) 12 rg rg rg rg c) 6 rg rg rg rg

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa as a
a a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
17
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Compare and differentiate 2D and 3D objects.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Concept 2-D 3-D
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a Defi ai.Onition salsaaTwo
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O dimension
i.lO rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Three
a ai.O dimension
lsaai.lO
rg rg
alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a asa
asa
Dimensions Length and breadth Length, height and width.
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a
aExamples
lsaai.lO
ai.O
as a
a
lsaaSquare,
i.lO
ai.O rectangle,
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O circle,
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a Cube,
s a
a
ai.O cuboid,
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsaacone,
i.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
triangle, rhombus, parallelograms, cylinder.
rg rg rg rg trapezium,
rg rg quadrilateral
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O
l la ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O
l la ai.Oi.O l la l la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
Find out 2-D and 3-D objects from the given pictures.
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
18
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
NUMBERS
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
UNIT-2
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a 2.1
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Number
asasal
ai.O Sequence
lai.O
rg rg
asasal
ai.O upto sa10,000
lai.O
rg rg
lai.O
a sal
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a s a a a a a s a a s a a s a asa
rg rg The rg rgtransport rgdepartment

rg rg ron
g Thursday rg rg announced rg rgthat 10,i.O 000
rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaalai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad special Pbus aPdad services PaPdwill
ad be operated fromPaNovember P3
aPdto
ad 5 to
PaPdad d
Pad PaPdad PaPdad
accommodate the passengers during the Diwali season.
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg
r.O rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a
aOf ai.O9, 967 sspecial
lsaai.lO
a aa
lsaai.lO
ai.O services,
a s a
a
ai.O 6, 367
lsaai.lO
a saa
lsbuses
aai.lO
ai.O will a run
saa
aifrom
lsaai.lO Chennai
a s a
a
ai.O to
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
other districts and 3,600 will run within the districts.
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
aChildren,
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
as
PaPdad
a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
From
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
the above
lai.O
rg rgparagraph,
ai.O lai.O
ai.O
let us discuss
rg rg
lai.O
rg rg the following
ai.O lai.O
rg rg
ai.O
questions.
lai.O
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a a asa l asa l asa l asa l asa l a asa
asa a s a asa asa asa asa asa a s a asa
What does this text talk about?
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad
What is special PaPdad
about
PaPdad
the festival? PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg rg rg g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saaHow ai.O
many a
PaPdad
sof
a
a you
ai.O
will ago
Padad
asato youradrelatives
sa la lai
asa
P ad
la lai
asa home?
asa
Padad
la lai
asa a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
P P P
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
How
lsaai.lO
rg rgmany ofi.O
ai.O
you
rg rg
lsaalai.O
wouldlatravel
i.O rg rg to other
ai.O lai.O
rg rgplaces during
ai.O lai.O
rg rg festivals?
ai.O lai.O
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a a a asa l asa l asa l asa l a asa
asa a s a a s a asa asa asa asa a s a asa
What do these numbers convey us?
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
19
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Can you group numbers as.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Odd Even
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
Just like everything in the world, numbers too have a number name.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad
Numbers have PaPdad PaPdad
names. PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg g Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg

a lai.lO
as a
ai.O
a sIn
a
a
a1st
lsaai.lOi.Or grade,
asaasayou have
lai.lai.O
asstudied
a lai.lai.O
asa number
asa
lai.lai.Onames sup
asa a a asa to 20. aNow
lai.lai.O
asa we willadaadsa
asa
lai.lai.O lai.lai.O
asa asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P Pdad PP PaPdad
learn names of larger numbers. You have already learnt the number-
names ai.O fromsa1 lsaai.lto
ai.O 20 and lsalso ai.O number-names of 30, ai.O40, 50,sa60, ai.O70, 80,salsaai.lO
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO O
a aai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO lsaai.lO ai.O lai
asa d as a d a a d a s a d a s a d a s a d a a d a a asaasa
PaPad PaPad PaPad PaPad PaPad PaPad PaPad PaPdad
90 and 100.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
EXAMPLE
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Write 1283 in words.
a lai.lO
ai.O a aSolution
lsaai.lOi.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
First write the given number in expanded form and write the name
aof
i.Or each number below lsaai.lit
ai.Oand then acombine that ai.Oname. salsaai.lO
rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a
O
a lsaai.lO i.Or a lsaai.lO ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa d a s a da s a d a s a d a s a d a s a d a a d a s a asa
asa
1283 = 1000 + 200 + 80 + 3
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPda=d One Thousand + Two
PaPdad hundred PaPd+
ad Eighty P +aPdaThree
PaPdad PaPdad d PaPdad PaPdad
aSo
i.Or the number-name lsaof ai.O1283 issaone ai.Othousand atwo hundredi.Oir.Oand
rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g g rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O i.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lOi.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a a s a a s a a a a s a salaala
a as a s a asaasa
eighty three.
a a a a a a
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Exercise 2.1
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Write the following number in words.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad a. 1006 - PaPda_____________
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
rg rg rg gb. 6327 rg -
g _____________ rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a l ai.lO
a i.Or a l a i.lO
a i.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a a s a s a a s a as a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
c. 9097 - _____________
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
20
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
d. 10,000 - _____________
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad e. 8906 - PaPda_____________
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
rg rg rg Write
rg the rg rgnumerali.O for
rg rg each laof rgthe
rg following.rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaalai.O i.O
ai.O
l lai.O
ai.O l lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a asa
asa asaasa as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
1. Seven thousand and sixty four - ______
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alaai.lOair.Og rg2. Nine a lsaai.thousand
Org rg
lai.O three
a ai.O hundred
lsaai.lO
rg rg
alsaai.lO
rgand
ai.O
rg forty a a-i.O______
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a s as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad Padad PaPdad PaPdad
3. Five thousand six hundred and seventy three - P______
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
alai.lOair.Og rg4. Tenalathousandi.lO rg rg
ai.O
-al_______
aai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
as a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
5. PFour thousand three hundred and Psix - _______
ai.O Answer lsaai.lthe following
rg r g rg rg rg rg .OrO g rquestions.
g .OrO g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a
O
ai.O alaai lai. alaai lai. a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa as a a s a asas asas a s a a s a a s a asaasa
1. Ramu went to a bank to deposit Rs. 7500. In the deposit form,
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O he shas
a ai.to
lsaai.lO
g rg
rO fill upsalathe ai.O amount
i.lO rg rg
a lsain ai.words.
i.lO
g rg
rO Could
a ai.O you please
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.Ohelp salsaai.lO
lsaai.lO
rg rg rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a a a s a a s a a a s a a s a a a asaasa
PaPdad Phim?
aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alaai.lOair.Og rg2. Find a lsaaithe
ai.O sum of
.lO rg rg
a lsaatheai.O greatest
i.lO rg rg
a ai.two
lsaai.lO
g rg digit and
rO
a ai.O the greatest
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg threei.Or.O
ai.O a lsaalai
g rg
lai
asa a s s a s a s a s a s a s a s asaasa
Pdigit numbers. PaPdad Write the PaPdadnumber names of thatPaPdasum.
a a a a a a a
PaPdad aPdad PaPdad d PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg
2.1a ODD lsaNUMBERS
rg rg
lsaai.land EVEN aNUMBERS
r r g g r r r g g r r g g g g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.Oa i.lO
ai.O a
O
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad ad d P Pa ad d ad d
P Pa ad d P Pa P Pa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
ODD NUMBERS
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadThe numbers PaPdad endingPawith 1, 3, 5,PaPd7
ad and 9 inPaone's placePaare called odd
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
d d d PaPdad PaPdad
Pad Pad Pad
numbers.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
EXAMPLE
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1001, 1003, 1005, 1007, 1009
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa 2371, 4863, 5605, 3787, 1239
asa
PaPdad
l la
asa asa
PaPdad
l la
asa asa
PaPdad
l la
asa asa
PaPdad
l la
asa a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
rg rg
EVEN rg rg
NUMBERS
g
r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad d
PaPad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
The numbers ending with 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 in one's place are called even
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O numbers.
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org
salsaala lai
asa a a a a a a a a a a a a a a asaasa
rg rg rg rg E X A Mi.O PrgLrgE rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg 2002, 2004,
Org rg
2006, O2008,
rg rg 9960Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
21
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg Remember:
a lai.lO
ai.O a l ai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
To identify whether the given number is odd or even, it is enough
rg rg tog look at the
i.Oir.Org
g digit in ‘ones‛
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
place. i.Oir.Og rg g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O la la la la la la la la la la la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asa
asa asaasa asaasa a s a
a asa
asa
ai.OActivity
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Circle
a ai.O the odd
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a anumbers
lsaai.lO
rg g
i.Or abox ai.O and write
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.their
lsaai.lO
g rg
rO names a ai.Oin
lsaai.lO
rg rg the sfollowing
.OrO
alsaai lai.
g rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a a a s a asaasa
PaPdad
boxes. PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a 4132 a
PaPdad
s a
a 8841asa
PaPdad
l la
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a 7483 a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg rg rg rg rg 2973 g rg
.OrO rg rg 1045 rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asaasa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
8123 5667 4646
rg rg rg rg g rg
r.O rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a ai6566
lsaai.lO a ai.O 3990 salsaai.lO
lsaai.lO ai.O a a3132
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
rg rg rg rg rg rg g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
aS.No. ai.O
Number
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
Number
asa
Padad
la lai
asa Name asa
Padad
la lai
asa a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
P P
1. 8123 Eight thousand oneg hundred and twenty three.

rg rg rg rg rg rg g r rg g g r rg r rg r rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Exercise 2.1a
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1. Encircle the odd numbers from the following.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
9001, 8002, 7603, 6542, 4875, 3882, 3217.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
2. ai.O Encircle athe even lsanumbers from ai.O the following.

rg rg rg rg rg g rg g rg g rg g rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lOi.Or a i.lO
ai.O
r
alsaai.lO
r
a lsaai.lO
ai.O
r
a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a as a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad d
PaPad d PaPad d PaPad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg 6231,
rg rg 5920,rg rg 4812, g
i.Or.Org
2121, i.Or.1234,
g
Org
9528, rg rg 3946. g
i.Or.Org rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la lai la lai lsaai.lO
ai.O la lai lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asaasa asaasa a s a
a asaasa a saa asaasa
22
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3. Choose the even numbers from the following and write the
rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg
.OrO g rg
ai.O number lsaai.land number asa names.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a
O
ai.O lai lai. lai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asa asaasa a s a
PaPdad PaPdad Padad
P Padad P PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a. 6501
rg rg .OrO
alai lai.
g rb. 4706
g .OrO
alai lai.
gc. 3999
rg .OrO
alai lai.
gd. 4001
rg .Ore. 3848
alai lai.
g
Org .OrO
alai lai.
g rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a asasa asasa asasa asasa asasa a s a asa
asa
Number Number Name
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg r g
4. Choose the
rg g rg g
odd numbers
rg g
from the
rg g
following
rg g
and writerg the
g rg rg
r r r r r r
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
numbers and number names.
a
asa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
rg rg
a. 4703
rg rg
ai.O b. 3206 ai.Oc. 2003 d. 4017 ai.e. 2001
r rg g r rg g r rg g rOrg r rg g g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad d dPaPa d d PaPa d d PaPa d d d dPaPa PaPa PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg g Numberi.Or.O g rg rg rg Number
rg g Name rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a la i.lO
a i.Or a lsaalai a lsaai.lO
ai.O al a i.lO
a i.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a a s a a s a a s a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
2.1b W rite number with respect to place value
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O expansion.
lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a a a a a a a s a asa
Let us recall the expanded form of a number.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa
PaPdadThe expanded formPofaPdad534 is 500
PaPdad+ 30 + 4PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O We
a lsaai.lO
rgread
ai.O
rg it as a afive
lsaai.lO
rg g
i.Or hundred .OrO
alaai lai.
gand
rg thirty .Orfour.
alaai lai.
g
Org
alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asas asas as a a s a a s a asaasa
Similarly,
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad2936 = 2000 PaPdad + 900 +Pa30 Pad + 6 = Two PaPdathousand nine
aPdad hundred PaPdand
ad thirty Psix.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
d d P aPdad PaPdad
rg rg The rgdigits
rg of i.aOir.Ognumber
rg express rg rg the values rg rg of their rg rgown when rthe
g rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaala lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadnumber P isaPdagiven in expanded form
PaPdadand readPain Padwords. PaPad
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
d PaPdad d d PaPdad PaPdad
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
23
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
In the number 5269
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadThe place PaPdvalue of 5Pais
Pad5000 (fiP ve
aPdathousand)
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
ad d d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg The rgplace
rg value rgof
rg 2 is 200 rg(two
rg hundred)rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O
l la ai.Oi.O l la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asaasa asa
asa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
The place value of 6 is 60 (sixty)
i.Or
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
sThe
a
a
ai.Oplace valued
lsaai.lO
as
PaPdad
a
a
ai.O of 9 is
lsaai.lO
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsa9
a a(nine)
i.lO
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg
Thus, rg g
the place rvalue g g of a digit rg g
in a number rg g
is the value rg g
it holds to rg g
be at rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O i.lOi.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O
the place in the number. If 5 is at Thousandth place in a number, its value lai
a al a a a l a a a l a a a la a a l a a a l a a a
as a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a sa a s a s a a s a s a a s a asaasa
will be 5000, if it is at Hundredth place, its value will be 500, etc.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadThe face PaPdavalue of Pdigit
aPdad is thePadigit itself,PaPdaat
d whatever PaPdad place itPaPdad
a
asa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
d d PaPdad
Pad
may be. It is unchangeable and definite. But place value changes
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
d a saccording
aa
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
d
to
a s a
a
lsaaithe
ai.O digit‛s
.lO rg rg
d a s a
a
lsaaiplace.
.lO rg rg
ai.O
d a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
da s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
d a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
d a saa
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Place
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
valuelai.of Org ra
g digit =lai.Face
O rg rg value iof
la .O
rg the
rg digit ×rgvalue
lai.O
rg oflathe
i.O rg rgplace
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a a a lai.O asa
ai.O
l ai.O
asa l ai.O ai.O
asa l asa l a ai.O
asa
lai
asa a s a a s a s a asa asa asa asa a s a asa
rg rg rg g Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
i.Or
aE
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO X AM PsalLaai.laEi.O
adaadas a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad In the Pnumber, 2745.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
Place
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
valuealof
ai.lO 5rg= 5 × 1ala=i.lOai5
rg
ai.O
g rgones, face
r.O .OrO
alai lai.
g value
rg ofala5
i.lO ris
g rg5.
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a asasa asasa asasa asasa a s a a s a asaasa
Place value of 4 = 4 × 10 = 40 = 4 tens, face value of 4 is 4.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Place value
PaPdad of 7 = 7Pa× Pad100 = 700 ad7 hundreds, PaPdad face value PaPdadof 7 is 7.PaPdad
a a a a a a a
PaPd=
a a d a a a a a
PaPdad
lsaPlace value of a2
i.Or= 2 × 1000 = 2000as=aalsa2
alaithousands;lai.lface value laof 2 is 2. asaalsaai.lOair.Org
rg rg rg rg r g g r rg g
i.Or.Org r rgg r rg g g g
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O lai.lO lai.lO
ai.O O
ai.O i.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a asa
asa asa
asa asa
asa asa
asa asaasa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Exercise 2.1b
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s 1. Find athe
a
a
lsaai.lO
daadsasaface value
ai.O .O O
alai lai. salaaand
adaadas
ai.O place
i.lO
salvalue
adaadas
aai.lO
ai.O ofadthe
asasal coloured
ada
lai.O
ai.O saladigit
adaadas
i.O.O
alai in athe .O O
alai lai.
daadsasa asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PP PP PP PP PP PP PaPdad
given numbers.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a) 1 3 7 9 b) 9 8 7 6 c) 5 1 3 6 d) 8 9 6 5
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
e) 2 0 10
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O .OrO
alai lai.
g rg f) 4alai0
.lO rg3rg 8
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a asasa asasa a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
24
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2. Complete the table with the numbers in expanded or short
rg rg rg rg g
i.OrOrg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a form.
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
la lai.
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
Try This
rg rg rg rag 6785lai.Oair.Og rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O l lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
b 4000 + 200 + 90 + 6 Who am I?
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a ai.Oc
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.3000
lsaai.lO
g rg
rO
+as300
a ai.O+ 20 + s7
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O i Tens .OrO
alai lai.
gplace
rg is a7lai.lOair.Og rg a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a as a a a a asasa asasa a s a asaasa
ii Thousandth place is 4 less
d 9999
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
than
lai.O
rg10
ai.O
rg
lai.O
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
rg rg
ai.O
a
as a a
PaPdad
s a
a e a
PaPdad
s a
a 5000 +a
PaPdad
s70
a
a + 1 a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
asa
l asa
PaPdad
asa
l asa
PaPdad
asa
l asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
iii Hundredth place is between
rg r g
f 2934
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg 3 and g5 g rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O i.Or.Org
la lai i.Or.Org la lai lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa as a a s a a s a a s a asaasa asaasa a saa asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad iv One's place is 2 more than 6
3. Circle the correct answer.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a 5
PaPdthousands Pa3hundreds 2 ones PaPdad 5320, 5302
a a a a a a a
Pa+ PaPda+
a a a a a a a
PaPdad ad d d d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg b
rg The lplace rg rg value of r5
g rgin 3758 .Org rg rg 50, 500
rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
c Three thousand six hundred and sixty 3060, 3660
ai.Od 4000 600 90 lsaai.4690, 4609
rg rg rg rg rg g rg g rg rg Org rg rg rg rg rg
lsaai.+O r
+ r
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad d
PaPad d PaPad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a ai.OActivity
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
rg rg rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
lai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
sa
Take number
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
asa cardsadfrom
la la
asa 1 to 9,
asa
P Pad
la la
asplain
PaPdad
a la la
asa sheetsasa
PaPdad
asaand pens
la la
asa
PaPdad
afor
lsaala
each asa
PaPdad
la la
asa asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg
group.
rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
r
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Method:
rg rg rg rg g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
sa1. Divide
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
athe
sa
PaPdad
asa classadin
la lai
P Pad
agroups
asa
lsaalai
ofas5.
PaPdad
a la lai
asa as
PaPdad
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg 2. Form a number
rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
usingi.Oinumber
g rg
r.O cards. g
i.Oir.Org rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la la la la la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
3. Write its number name.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
s 4. Write its expanded form.
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
5. Write the
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lai.O
ai.O
rplace
g rg
ai.O
value
lai.O
rgof
ai.O
rg each digit.
lai.O
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a a asa l asa l asa l a a a asa
asa a s a asa asa asa a s a a s a a s a asa
The teacher will keep checking the work done by the groups.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
25
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2.2 g Comparingg Numbersg

rg rg r rg r rg r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2.2a Able to sequence an arbitrary array of numbers in
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
ascending
.OrO
alai lai.
g rg and .Ordescending
alai lai.
g
Org .OrO
alai lai.
g rgorder. .Org rg
alai lai.
O .OrO
alai lai.
g rg .OrO
alai lai.
g rg
lai
asa a s a asasa asasa asasa asasa asasa asasa asa
asa
Ascending order
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
sAscending
a
a aorder
s
PaPdad
a
a is arranging
a
PaPdad
s a
a numbers
a
PaPdad
s a
a from smallest
a
PaPdad
s a
a toPaPdbiggest.
ada
l a
asasal a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a asaasa
E XPA
aPdaM
d PLE
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 4278 Pa4875 4923
PaPdad 4717
a
asa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Pad
rg rg Since rg rg the digits rg rg at the thousandth rg rg placerg rg are same rg rgin all the rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad numbers, PaPdawe compare PaPdadthe digits PaPdaat
d the hundredth place.
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
lai.lO
rg rg Thus,
lsaai.lO
rg rg the numbersrg rg
lai.Oi.O
in ascending
rg rg
lai.Oi.O
order rg ris,
lai.Oi.O
g
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.O a ai.O l a l a l a ai.O ai.O ai.O lai
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
4278 < 4717 < 4875 < 4923.
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a 4278,ai.O
4717,
a
PaPdad
s a
a 4875,
ai.O
4923.
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
sDescending
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
aorder a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Descending
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
order
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
meanslaiarranging
.O rg rg
ai.O
numbers
lai.O
rg rg
ai.O
from
lai.O
rbiggest
g rg
ai.O
to smallest.
lai.O
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a a a asa l asa l asa l asa l a asa
asa a s a a s a asa asa asa asa a s a asa
ai.O E X AaM laP aL

i.OE
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO sa
i.lO alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
rg rg rg rg5234, 6271, rg rg 4234,la5172,rg rg 4871 i.Or.O

g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O i.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asaasa asaasa as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
Thus, the number in descending order is,
rg rg rg rg rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
g
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a 6271 a>
PaPdad
s a
a 5234 >P5172
aPdaadas > 4871
salaala >as4234
PaPdad
a la la
asa as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg rg 6271,
g 5234, rg g 5172, 4871, rg rg 4234. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a i.Or a la i.lO
a i.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a a s a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
alai.lO
ai.O a ai.O Do You
lsaai.lO a aKnow?
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
The reverse of ascending order is descending order.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
26
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg rg rg
ExerciseOrg2.2a
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
1. rWrite
g rg
the following
rg rg
numbers
rg rg
in ascending
rg rg
order.
rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O i.Oi.O
salaala lai.lOi.Oi.O
ai.O
salaala lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa aPdaadas asaasa
aPdaadas as a a s a asa
asa
a) 7631, 9987, 7634, 5436, 8918
a a
PaPdad PaPdad P PaPdad
P PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg g rg
rO rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.b)
lsaai.lO
4096, 3096, 3099, 2473, 3172
as
PaPdad
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
lai.lOair.c)
Org 5201, 5627, 4325, 9999, 9801
g
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
as a a s a
a s a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
2. Write the following numbers in descending order.
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad a) 3435, 3670, 139, 3267, 6544.
rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
ai.b) 2785, 3605, 2782, 236, 9801.
rO
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg i.Oir.c)
g rg 6998, 6987, 6898, 7801, 8979.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaala O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3. Choose the correct milestone and place it.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
i.OrOrg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O(a) lsaai.lO
ai.O (b)salaalai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Pa495 adadas 0
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad d
Pad P Pa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
KM KM
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Activity
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
1. rWrite
g rg
the rtotal
g rg
number
rg rg
of students
rg rg
class rwise
g rg
in yourrg rschool.
g rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Write them in ascending and descending orders.
a
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
27
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2. From place To place
rg rg g rg
.OrO g rg
.OrO Org rg rgApproximate
g rg rg Distance in km
Org rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai lai. lai lai. lai.lai.O l a i.lO
a i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a s a a s a asaasa a sa asaasa
Chennai Pondicherry 132
a a a
ai.OChennai Hyderabad ai.O511

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
Chennai Kolkata 1363
a lai.lO
ai.O a ai.OChennai
lsaai.lO alsaai.lO
ai.O Delhi
alsaai.lO
ai.O a ai.O1757 salsaai.lO
lsaai.lO ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a as a a s a a s a a a a s a a s a asaasa
Chennai Mumbai 1025
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
as a a
PaPdad
s a
a Chennaia
PaPdad
s a
a
PaPdaGuwahati
ad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa 1891 a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
ai.Locate it lsaaiinai.Othe map lsaandai.O find out lsaai.lfeasible way ai.to travellatoai.Oall the salsaai.lO
rg r g g rg
rO rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg
rO rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO .lO i.lO O
ai.O lsaai.lO i.O ai.O lai
a
asa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a a s a
a a s a
a asasal a a a asaasa
places.
rg rg rg rg rg rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s
aa
ai.O a) Beginning
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O with sathe
laai.lai.Oshortest
adaadas adaadas
place, aplan
i. i.O
salaala daadsasayour route.
. O
alai lai. i. i.O
salaala
adaadas a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PP PP PP PP PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg gb) Beginning rg g with the rg longest

g place, rg g plan your rg gtravel route. rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a la i.lO
a i.Or a l a i.lO
a i.Or a l ai.lO
ai.Or al a i.lO
a i.Or a la i.lO
ai.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a a s a asaasa
c) Which place do you reach in shorter time on road?
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
d) Which
a
PaPdad
s a
a place
ai.O
will
a
PaPdad
s a
a take
ai.O
longer
a
PaPdad
saa time
ai.O
for a
PaPdad
sayou
a
ai.O
to reach asaon rail?adaadsa
asa
PaPdad
la lai
PP
la lai
asa asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg i.Or.Og rge) Can you guess, between

rg rg rg rg __________ rg rg and rg __________
rg rg rg the rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaalai lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Pticket farePawould be thePaPdaleast?
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
PaPdad aPdad d
Pad d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
2.2b F
lsaai.lO orming
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg the smallest
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
and ai.O the largest
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O numbers
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
using thePaPgiven digits.
PaPdad PaPdad dad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
1. To write the smallest number using the given digits only once.
a a a a a a a a lai
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
lsaai.lO a) When
rg rg
ai.O i.Oinone
salsaala
g rg
r.O ofsathe ai.Odigits sis
lsaai.lO
rg rg
alsaai lzero,
.O rg rg
ai.O wesaarrange
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O the i.digits
salsaala
g rg
Oir.O insalsaai.lOair.Og rg lai
asa a s a a a a a a a a a a a a a asaasa
ascending order and form the number.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
EXAMPLE
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
The smallest 4 digit number using the digits
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a 4,
daadsa2,
PaP
alsala
9 andPa7Pdaadsisaalsa2479
la as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
28
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
b) When one of the digits is zero, we arrange the digits
rg rg rg rg g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
in ascending
asa
PaPdad
la lai.
asa order
asa
PaPdad
la lai.
asa andPaPput
daadsasazero at
ala lai. asecond
sa
PaPdad
la lai.
asa placeasa
PaPdad
asafrom
la lai.
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
extreme left whileg forming the number.g

rg rg rg rg g r rg g r rg r rg r rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
rg rg rg rg EX rg rA
g M P L Ei.Or.O g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaalai alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
The smallest 4 digit number using the digits

rg rg rg rg g g
r rg g g r rg r rg r rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a s a s a s a s a s a s asaasa
1, 7, 5, 0 is 1057.
a a a a a a a

alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa as a s a s a s a s a s a s asaasa
2. To write the greatest number using the given digits only once,
a a a a a a a
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lOwe arrange
rg rg
ai.O .OrO
alaai lai.
gthe
rg digits .Orin
alaai lai.
Org descending
g .OrO
alaai lai.
g rg order .and OrO
alaai lai.
g rg form the .OrO
alaai lai.
g rgnumber..Org rg
alaai lai.
O lai
asa a s a asas asas asas asas asas asas asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaE aX
i.lOi.OrA M P LalE aai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a a s a s a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O The a lsaaigreatest
.lO rg rg
ai.O 5alsaadigit
ai.O number
i.lO rg rg
a aiusing
lsaai.lO
g rg
r.O
the a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
digits 5, 1, 7P and 9 is 9751.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
Exercise 2.2b
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1. Form the greatest and smallest numbers using the given digits
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
only once.
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad d PaPad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg
Digits rg rg
Greatest number
rg rg
rg rg
Smallest
rg rg
number rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa s s s asaasa asaasa sa s a asaasa
a PaPdad1, 4, 3, 7PaPdad
a a a a a a a a a a
rg rg rg rgb 5,lai0, rg9,

rg 3 rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a
.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
c 6, 7, 1, 5
ai.O d 3, lsaai2,ai.O0, 9
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a
.lO
a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
e 7, 3, 2, 8
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a f a4, 6, 0,
PaPdad
s a
a 2PaPdad
a saa as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
rg rg rg rg
g 9, 1,rg4,
rg
0 rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
29
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg 2. circle
Org rg
the smallestOrgnumber
rg rg rg
and tick () Othe
Org rg rg rg greatest number: Org rg
Org rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai
asa asaasa a s a
a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa
a) 2715, 2175, 2517, 2157, 2275
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa b) 6238, a
PaPdad
s a
a 2386,
a
PaPdad
s a
a 3862,
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad8623,
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a9378 a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lOc) 9345,
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O 9646,
asa
lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O 3408,
asa
lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a
1425,
s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s 2000
a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
rg rg d) 5931, Org rg 1370, Org rg

rg rg 4000,
Org rg
2000,
Org rg
3000
Org rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a asaasa
e) 6000, 7000, 5000, 4000, 9000
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa
f) 2468, 4279, 5090, 7906, 6270
as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO g) 7692,
ai.O
adaadas
i.Oi.O
salaala 8296,
adaadas
i.Oi.O
salaala 3241,
adaadas
i.Oi.O
salaala a 9276,
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s 4291
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PP PP PP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s 2.3 Addition
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
asa and subtraction
la lai.
asa
PaPdad
la lai.
asa asa
PaPdad
la lai.
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
E XPA
aPdaM
d PLE
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a saa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lsaai .lO
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
In a school, 1232 students travel by cycle, 2430 students travel by
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsschool
aai.lO
ai.O bus, a lsand ai.O 1235 walk
aai.lO a ai.Oto the sschool.
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O How many
a ai.O students
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a a as a a s a a s a asaasa
are there in the school?
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a In
lsaai.lO
a
ai.O schoola
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
as
PaPdad
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg No.rg rg of students rg rg travelai.by g rcycle

Oir.O g rg rg= 1 2 a3i.Oi2 rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O l la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsala .O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asa
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
No. of students travel by school bus = 2 4 3 0 (+)
lsaai.lNo.
ai.O of students by walk ai.O = 1as2alsa3 ai5
r.O rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lsaai.lO i.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a asasal
a as a
a a a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
Total no. of students = 4897
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
30
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg rg rg Exercise
rg rg g 2.3
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
1) rFill
g rg in the boxes.
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa s a s a s a s a s a asa
asa
i 4634 + = 4634
a a a a a a a a a a
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a ii 2134 + 1 =
as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
iii 5349 0=
lai.lO lsaai.lO salaa+
a ai.O a ai.O i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a adadas a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad P Pa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
alai.lO
rg r g
ai.O a lsaai.lOiv 1435
rg rg
ai.O +i.Oir.1923
salaala
g
Org = s1923 .OrO
alaai lai.
g rg+
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa as a a as a as a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
rg rg v 3457i.O+rOg rg
rg rg = 3458
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
2) Add
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
(i) Th H T O (ii) Th H T O
rg rg rg rg 3 2Org rg 5 4 Org rg rg rg 2 1.OrOg rg3 5 .OrOg rg rg rg

lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O . O
alai lai.
. O
alai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O alai lai. lai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
+ 1daadsasa4 2 PaPdaa4dsasa + Pa3
daadsasa3 4 daa2
a
asa a s a
a a saa sa
asa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaP PaPdad P P aP d PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa

rg rg rg rg Org rg Org rg rg rg Org rg Org rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO(iii) PTh
ai.O salaaH
adaadas
i.lai.O
TPadaaO
das
i. i.O
salaala a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO(iv) PTh
ai.O salaaH
adaadas
i.lai.O
T PadO
ada
lai.ai.O
asasal a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
P P P P
3 7 6 2 1 4 3 3
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a ai.+
lsaai.lO
g rg
rO
3asalsaai.lOa1ir.Og rg 3 7 lai.Oair.Og rg
asasal a ai+
lsaai.lO
g rg
r.O
4asalsaa5 ai.O 5
i.lO rg rg
2 lai.Oair.Og rg
asasal a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a s a a a a s a a a a s a asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3. Add: 2713 + 104 + 1172 + 6010
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
4. A man visited a furniture shop. He bought a bed for Rs 2100,
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a a dining
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O ltable
ai.O
asasal
rg rg for Rsi.O3500,
ai.O
rg rg
la ai.O
asasal
and asix
lai.O
asasal
i.Or chairs
rg g
lai.for
asasal
ai.O Rs 4200.
O rg rg
ai.O How salsaai.lO
lai.O
asasal
rg rg rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a s a a a a a a a a asa
much money did he pay to the shop keeper?
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
5. Create word problem for the addition facts given below.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
(a) 3094
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O i.+
salaala
g7923
Oir.Org =sal11,017
aai.lO
rg rg
ai.O (b) 8309
i.O
salaala
rg g
i.Or = 2309i.Oir.Org+
salaala
g
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a as a as a as a as a s a a s a asaasa
31
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
6. Create addition stories using the pictures and numbers given
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a below. a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
asa
(a)
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
(b) Child birth between 2017 and 2018 are given below
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a District
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a
PaPdad ChildrenPaPdad
a s a
a a s a
a a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
asa
Urban 1032
rg rg rg rg Trichy g
i.Oir.Org rg rg rg rg rg g
i.Or
rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la la lsaai.lO
Rural ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
a2030 lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
Urban 1205
rg rg rg rg Ariyalur
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
Rural ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lOi.Or
a4097 lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
Urban 2104
kanchipuram
rg rg rg rg rg rg Rural rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a a4034
lsaai.lOi.Or alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Urban 1430
Chennai
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Rural
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO1023
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
(a)
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
(b)
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
7. OrFg rill
g in the circles
Org rg
using r1400,
O g rg
1500,rg1600,1700,1800
O rg Org rg
and 1900
Org rg
so rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O i. i.O ai. i.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa that the
PaPdad three numbers along
PaPdaeach linePadd
aPdaadasup to 5000.
a
asa asa asa
asa asa
asa adsa
asa salaala asa
l la
asa a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg 5000 rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
32
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
8. Fill in the box with a number 1732
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2051
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
alai.lOair.Og rg alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa asa asa
asa
?
a s a s a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a
2.3a Adding 4g digit Numbers withg regroupingg

rg rg g r rg g r rg r rg r rg r rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa
(sum
PaPdad should not PaPdad exceed P10000)
a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a
PaPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
EXAMPLE
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1. Add: Find the sum of 1957, 2376 and 4697
.OrO g rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O Thasaalsaai laH
PaPdad
i.
T asaalsaai laO
PaPdad
i.
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
2 2 2
+ 1 a9 5dadsaalsaai.lOa7ir.Org
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g g rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
2 3 7 6
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 4asalsaai.lOa6 rg g
i.Or 9 asalsaai.lOa7ir.Og rg a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a s a a s a a a a s a a s a a s a asa
PaPdad PaPdad adad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Sum = P9P 0 3 0
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
rg rg rgActivity
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg Write
g rg the missing
.OrO g rg numbers
.OrO g rg
.OrO rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai lai. lai lai. lai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
(i) Th H T O (ii) Th H T O
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 2 PaPdad 1 7
PaPdad 3 PaPdad 3
PaPdad 9 PaPdad7 PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2 3 2 4 4
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1 9 7 7 1
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
8 3 7 4 9 2 7 6
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
33
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg rg rg Exercisei.Oir.Og2.3a
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg 1. .OWrite
g rg
rO the.Ofollowing
g rg
rO numbers
g rg
.OrO
in.Overtical
g rg
rO orderg rg and add.
.OrO g rg
.OrO rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai lai. lai lai. lai lai. lai lai. lai lai. lai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a asa
asa
a) 216, 3422, 4019, 497
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
b) 1002, 2347, 1976, 2005, 2007
rg rg rg rg Org rg Org rg Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg

a lai.lO
as a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lOc) 1978,
ai.O
asa
Padad
asa 1965, a2704,
lai.lai.O
asa
P dad
lai.lai.O473
asa asa
Padad
lai.lai.O
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
P P P
lai.lO
rg r g
ai.O
2. Add the latotal
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O i.lO rg rg amount
ai.O lai.lO
of
rg
ai.O
rg the following
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
4 piggy
lai.lO
rg rg banks.i.Or.O
ai.O la lai
g rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa as a
a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a saa asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
rg rg
Rs 978
rg rg
Rs 3796 Org rg Rs 2374
rg rg Org rg
Rs 1957
Org rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
3. The sum of 1215 + 2367 + 1673 + 3120 = ______
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
asa
a) 8585 b) 8225 c) 8375 d) 8285 asa
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s4. 2076ad+aads276
aa
lsaai.lO
ai.O a
asa
ai.O + 2974
lai.lO salaa+
adaadas
ai.1751
i.lO O
= salaai.lOai.O
adaadas a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PP PP PP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
rg rg a) 9561 lai.Oir.Og rgb) 7077
lsaai.lO
rg rg rg rg c) 7377
lai.Oi.O
rg rg
lai.Oi.O
d) lainone g rg of these
.Oir.O rg rg
lai.Oi.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.O a ai.O la l a l a la la ai.O lai
a asaasa
5. What is the sum of five hundreds and fifteen tens?
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad
a) 650 PaPdad
b) 550
PaPdad
c) 5150
PaPdad
d) 6150
rg rg rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
lai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s6. The Psum
a
a aPdaadasof thePa
ai.O salaala greatest
ala la
dasasa
Pad
3PaPdigit
daadsasa number
ala la
PaPdad and the
asa
la la
asa smallest
ala la
daadsasa
PaP 4PaPdaadsaalsaala asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg
digit number
rg rg rg g
is rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
r
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a) 1999 b) 1099 c) 1990 d) 9999
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
7. 9999 + 1 = ________
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
a) 10,000
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O i.Oir.Orgb) 1000
salaala
g
i.Oir.Org c) 1001
salaala
g
salaala
g
i.Oir.Org d) 10001
salaala
g
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a as a as a as a as a s a a s a asaasa
34
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
8 In a village the number of males is 4154 and the number of
rg rg rg rg g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
females
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
asis
laalai.
4221. Find
asa
PaPdad
asa the total
la lai.
asa
PaPdad
asa population
la lai.
asa
PaPdad
asa in theadvillage?
la lai.
asa
P Pad
la lai.
asa a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
9 A refrigerator costs Rs 6543 and a DVD player costs gRs 3412.

rg rg g g
r rg g g r rg g r rg r rg r rg r rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa What is the total cost?
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
2.3b Subtraction
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O.OrO
alaai lai.
g rg without .OrO
alaai lai.
g rg Regrouping.
.OrO
alaai lai.
g rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a asas asas asas a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Let us Know
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org rg rg
a
as a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a When
ai.O
0a
PaPdad
sis
a
a subtracted
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a from
ai.O
a number,
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
the asdifference
PaPdad
a la lai
asa asis
PaPdad
asathe
a la lai
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
number itself.
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadWhen a number is subtracted from
PaPdad itself, the PaPdad difference PaPdadis 0.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa EXA PaPdM
ad P L E S PaPdad
a s a
a a s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
asa
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
Subtraction
rg g
without
rg g
grouping rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.lOi.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1) Th H T O
l a a la a
PaPdad Step1:PaSubtract the
PaPdadones
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a s a a s a
a s a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad d
Pad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg
9 8rg rg 6 5rg rg Stet 2: Subtract the tens
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.O i.lO i.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Step3Pa:PdaSubtract Pthe
aPdad hundreds
a a
Pa2
daadsas 3 P3
aPdaadas 4
l a l a
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a − P
a a s a a a saa ad
saa a s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
7 5rg rg 3 1rg rg Step4: Subtract the thousands

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa asaasa a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
rg rg
2) Roja‛s
rg rg
monthly
rg rg
incomergis
rg
Rs 8950. She spends
rg rg rg rg
Rs 6750rg and
rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asa asa asa asa asa a asa
asa asa
saves the rest. How much does she save?
asa asa asa asa asa asa
a s a
Solution: Th H salaai.lOaT O
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O i.Oi.O
salaala
i.Oi.O
salaala a lsaai.lO
ai.O i.O i.Oi.O
salaala a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a adadas adadas a s a adadas adadas a s a asaasa
PaPdad P Pa P Pa PaPdad P Pa P Pa PaPdad PaPdad
Monthly income g = 8 9 5 0
rg rg rg rg g r rg r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
She spends = −dad 6 7 5 0
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg She saves
rg rg
lai.Oi.O lsaai.lO
=
rg rg 2
lsaai.lO
rg rg 2 0
lsaai.lO
rg rg 0 lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.O a ai.O l a ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O lai
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
She saves Rs 2200.
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
as
PaPdad
a
a
lsaai.lO
Exercise 2.3b
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
alai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 1)
a lsaai.lO
rg9rg
ai.O 7 sa6laai.lOair.Og4rg a 2) ai.O 7
lsaai.lO
rg rg 9 salaa8 ai.O 6
i.lO rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 3) 4 7 a a8
lsaai.lO
rg g
i.Or 5 salaai.lOair.Og rg lai
asa a s a a as a s a a as a s a a s a adadas asaasa
− 3 4 2 3 − 4 5 2 4 − 2 4 6 2P Pa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
35
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2.3c Subtraction with Regrouping.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
EXAMPLES
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
rg rg
1. Subtractrg g
3285
rg g
from 5657 rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a i.Or al a i.lO
ai.Or alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a as a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad
Step: 1P Pa
ad d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
Arrange
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
the a
numbers
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
ina
columns
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asalashown
i.lO rg rg
ai.O
below. a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
as a a s a a s a a s a a s a sa a s a a s a a s a asaasa
TH H T O
rg r g rg rg rg rg g rg
.OrO
Step rg rg 1: It is not
rg rg possible rgto
rg rg rg
alai.lO
asa
ai.O
as
PaPdad
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
5 a
PaPdad
s a
a 6
lsaai.lO
ai.O
5 asaalsaai l7
PaPdad
ai.
a s a
lsaai.lO
PaPdad subtract
a ai.O
a s a
lsaai.lO
PaPda8d tens from
a ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
PaPdad5 tens.
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
− 3 2 8 5 So, borrow 1 hundred from the

lshundreds column.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a aai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPad d d d
PaPa d d PaPa d d PaPa PaPdad
Step 2: 6 hundreds = 5
rg rg
Step: rg rg
2 asaalsaai.lOair.Org
g rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alshundreds
aai.lO
ai.O + a ls1 ahundred.
aai.lOi.Or aTransfer
lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Subtract column wise. 1 hundred to the tens place.
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
1 ahundred
lsaai.lO
rg g
i.Or =ala10 i.lO rgtens.
ai.O
rg So, lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a TH a
PaPdad
s a
a H T a
PaPdad
s a
a O a sa
PaPdad 10 tensP+
a aPda5
ad
s a s a
tens = 15
s a
PaPdatens.
ad a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
5 15
lsStep 3: Now asubtract l2
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a aai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lOi.Or a aai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a as a s a s a asa
asa
PaPdad
5
PaPdad
6 5
PaPdad
7 PaPdad hundreds
PaPdafrom 5 hundreds.
d
a− 3dasaalsaai.lOa2ir.Org 8dasaalsaai.l5 lsStep 4: Then ai.3 thousand

rg rg rg g g r rg g rg rg g rg
rO rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lOi.Or O
ai.O a aai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPad PaPad PaPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
from 5 Pthousand.
2 3 7 2
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
5657 - 3285 = 2372
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2. The sum of two numbers is 4204,one number is 1207.
PaPdad Find thePaPdad
rg rg
other number.
rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O lai
Th PH
aPdaadas T O
a a l a a a a a a sal ala l la
asa a s a s a a s a a s a a s a as a asaasa asaasa
Solution:
9
3rg rg 11 10 14
i.Sum of two i.Onumber 4204
rg rg g rg rg rg rg g rg g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
asasa l aa
i.lOa
rO
asasa l aa
i.lO
a
asasa l =
aa
i.lO
a i.Or a
asas
l aa
i.lO
ai.Or a l
as as
aa
i.lO
a i.O 1 asa lsaai.lO
ai.O s a lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
4 Pa2 0 P4aPdad
a a a
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad d
Pad PaPdad
One number = 1207
rg rg g rg
r.O rg rg rg rg rg rg − ai.O1ir.Og rg 2 0rg rg 7 rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a i
lsaala. O i a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lOai.O sal ala a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a s as
aPdaadas a s a s asaasa
Other number = 2997
a a a a a a
PaPdad aPdad aPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
2 9 9 7
P P P P
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
36
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Exercise 2.3c
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad
A. Subtract PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Oir.Org rg rg
lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
sa1.
a
ai.O
THasa
PaPdad
asa H
la la
T asaalsO
PaPdad
aala
2.asaalsaala
PaPdad
TH asa
PaPdad
aH
lsaalai
T Oasa
PaPdad
la la
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
3 4 4 5 4 9 6 5
1 ai.3 4 dadsaalsa8ai.lOai.Or 2 dadsaa4 ai.O 4 6
rg rg rg rg g rg rg g rg g g rg rg rg rg
ai.O − a−
rO r g
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO alsaai.lO alsaai.lOi.Or lsaai.lO
r
a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a as a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPa PaPdad PaPa d d
PaPa PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3. TH H T O 4. TH H T O
lai.lO
rg r g
lsaai.lO
rg rg 6 lai.Oir.5Og rg 7 la0i.Oir.Og rg lsaai.lO
rg rg 8 9lsaai.lO
rg rg5 3 lai.Oir.Og rg lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O ai.O sasala la ai.O ai.O a ai.O lai
a
asa s a asa
asa s a s a asasal sa asaasa
a
PaPdad
a
− PaPda3da 3
a
P9aPdad 7
a
PaPdad
a
− 5PaPdad 9
a a
6 PaPd4
ada
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
B. Find the difference between given numbers.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a) 4352 and 5020 c) 2526 and 8431
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO b) 1438
rg rg
ai.O
asa
laiand
asa
ai.O 3370
.lO rg rg
asa
lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a saa
d) 3361asaaand
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O ai.O 9000 salsaai.lO
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a a
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
rg rg C. Answer rg rg the rgfollowing

rg questions.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad
1. The sum of two numbers is 7036, one number is 3168.
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Find the
i.Oir.Orgotheralnumber.
salaala
g
s aala
g
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a as a as a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
2. A man had Rs 9200 in the bank. He withdrew Rs 2756. How
rg rg rg rg g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
muchasa
PaPdad
asa moneyaddoes
la lai
asa he have
asa
P Pad
la lai
asa
PaPdad
asin
laalai
the Pbank
aPdaadas now? PaPdaadas
salaala
i
salaala
i
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg D. C
rg reate
g theOrgsubtraction rg story problems rg g for Othe g detailsOrgiven g rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.lai.Org i.lO i.Or
g i.lOi.Or i.lair.Org lsaai.lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
below.
a a l a a a l a a l a a a l a a al a a a
asa a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a as a s a a s a a s a asaasa
rg rg a) 1997 –i.Or.1968

rg rg g
Org rg rg rg rg c) rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lOb)
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
37
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
(a)
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg(b)
g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a la i.lO
a i.Or alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a asa
asa
ai.O(c)
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Activity Number puzzle

lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Solve PaPdthe subtraction problems.
PaPdad Now write
PaPdad the differences. One
a
asa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
PaPdad ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
has been done for you.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
TH
PaPdad H T PaPdO
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
8 11 g 6 16
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lOai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a 9 a
PaPdad
s a
a 1 7 6
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
(−) 3 5 5 8
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg r g g rg rg rg rg rg rg
5adadsaalsa6ai.lOai.O 1 8
r
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lOai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P Pa ad d
P Pa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
TH PaPdH T O TH H T PO TH
PaPdad H T PaPdO
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
PaPdad ad PaPdad PaPdad aPdad ad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg
2 3 5
rg rg
3 g rg
r.O
1 2 rg2g 8 g rg
r.O
9 6 rg g3 0 rg rg
r r
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O . O lsaai.lO
ai.O . O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
1 9 0 1 2 8 6 1 5 9 0
i i lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa − a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a −
lsaala i
a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaala
−
i
a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad
TH H PaPdad
T PaPdad
O TH H T PaPdad PaPdad
O TH PaPdad
H T PaPdad
O PaPdad
rg rg rg rg4 8 i.Oi0 rg rg 0 rg rg 6 5 i.Oir.Og8rg 9 i.Oir.Og rg 9 8i.Oir.Og 5 rg 4 i.Oir.Og rg

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaala .O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaala alsaala a lsaala salaala lai
asa asaasa
3 PaPda1d 6 P2aPdad − 5 PaPdad8a 0 P6 3
PaPdad 6 4 P4
s s s s s s
PaPdad − − aPdaadas
a a a a a a a a
aPdad a a a
PaPdad
rg rg rg rg
1 6 3
rg rg
8 rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
TH H T O TH H T O TH H T O
ai.O 1 8salsaai.lOai6 9 salsaai.lOair.Og rg 5 s4alsaai.lOair.Og5rg 6 salsaai.lOair.Og rg 9 sals2 ai.O 2 3salsaai.lOair.Og rg
rg rg rg rg g rg
r.O rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO aai.lO lai
asa a s a a a adaada adaada a a a a a a asaasa
PaPdad adad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
− 1 P P3 7 P9P − 1P P 3 2 5 − 3 8 9 9
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
38
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PATTERNS
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
UNIT-3
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
3.1 Patterns
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
salaala
gin
i.Oir.O rg shapes
salaala
g
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
rg rg
Observing
rg rg
shapes
rg rg
sequence
rg rg
fromrg rgKaleidoscope.
rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
is
Kaleidoscope "Kaleidoscope"
rived fr oam the
lsaai.ldai.e
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rOg rg rg g rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lOai.O lsaai.lOai.O lsaai.lO ai.O lsaai.lOai.O O lsaai.lO i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
woard
a a a a a a
AnciePnPt Greek P P
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad adad dad PaPdad
los) "beaOrugti ful,

rg rg g rg g rg g rg g rg (k ga rg rg
la idos)
r.O r.O r.O r.O r.O rg rg
lai.lO O O O O O lsa(e lsaai.lO
",
ai.O i . i . i . i . i . i . O ai.O lai
ty
.
beau PaPdad
a a lsaala i a lsaala i a lsaala i a lsaala i a lsaala i a i a
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a a s a asa
asa
"that wh ic h is
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
r
ai.O
g r g
lsaai.lO
r
ai.O
g rg
lsaai.lO
r
ai.O
g r g
lsaai.lO
r
ai.O
g r g
lsaai.lOaise
g rg
r.O
en: fo rm
lsaai.lO ,rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
aPdō ),
a a a a a a a a asa
PaPdadnd (skopPe
sh a p e"a ad
A kaleidoscope consists of a tube
g rgo look to
r."t
,rg rto
lai.lO
rg rg
containing O g rg
r.O
mirrors O g rg
r.O
and pieces O g rg
r.O
of coloured O g rg
r.O O O g
n c e lsaai.lO
rg rg
h e
ai.O i . i . i . i . i. O .
lsaala .O
i ai.O lai
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",
i i i i i i
Pain
lsaala lsaala lsaala lsaala lsaala
exam
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s aa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad
glass or Ppaper, whose reflections produce P Pa
aPdad PaPdad PaPdad ad d d PaPdad PaPdad
"observation o f
changing patterns when the tube is rotated.
ai.Obeautifu lali.lO i.Orrms. alaai.lO
afo
rg rg r g r g r g r g r g r g r g r g r g rg rg g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO ai.O lai.lO ai.O lai.lO ai.O lai.lO ai.O lai.lO ai.O lai
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a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
39
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg
Activity
g
r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asa
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
ai.O Colour lsaatheai.O given spicture aiComplete lsaatheai.O picture

rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a i.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a i.lO alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a a a s a a s a as a a s a asa
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa Identifying the patterns in a sequence of shapes.
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a E XPaA
PadM P L E
d a s a
a SPaPdad
a s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asa
asa
PaPdad 2.
rg rg rg rg

rg rg
rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO Exercise
rg rg
ai.O
a saa
ai.O 3.1 salsaai.lO
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a a
rg rg
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad d d d d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Fill in the shapes. PaPa PaPa
rg rg 1.i.Or.Og rg g
i.Or.Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O la lai la lai lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 2.
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
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rg rg
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asa
lai
asa a s a a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
alai.lO
asa
ai.O
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PaPdad
s 3.
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
as
PaPdad
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
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PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
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s a
a
lsaai.lO
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lai
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a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
40
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
4. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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lsa5.
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a s a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a asa
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a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Let us Know
a a a a a a a
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Spirograph
a ai.O is a mathematical
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsatoy ai.O which scan
i.lO rg rg
a ai.be
lsaai.lO
g rg
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rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
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as a a s a s a s a s a a a a s asaasa
drawing pattern
a a a a a a a
rg r g rg rg Do your self
g
i.Or.Org
g
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i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la lai la lai la lai la lai la lai lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa s asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa sa asaasa
1. Draw a spirograph by using bottle caps
a a a a
rg rg rg rg
2. Draw rag gspirographrg by
g
using scale
r r r
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg 3.2 g Patterns
i.OrOrg
gin numbers
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O la lai. la lai . la lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Identify the patterns in multiplication and
a a a a
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O division
rg rg i.O(multiples
salaala
rg g
i.Or i.Oof
salaala
i.Or 9).
rg g
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
11
PaPdad 12 13 14 P15 16 Pa17 18 PaPd19 20 PaPdad
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
PaPdad P aPdad aPdad d
Pad ad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg
21 22rg rg 23 24 rg rg
25 26
rg rg
27 28
rg rg
29 30
rg g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a i.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa s adsas a s s s s a s asaasa
31P 32 33 34 P35 36 Pa37 38 PaPd39 40 PaPdad
a a a a a a a a a a s a a
PaPdad P a da P aPdad aPdad d
Pad ad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg 41 42rOg rg 43 44 rg g 45 46rg g 47 r48

g g 49 rg 50
g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a la i.lO
ai. al a i.lO
a i.Or a l a i.lO
a i.Or a la i.lO
a i.Or a l ai.lO
a i.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s as as a a s s a a s s a a s s a a s s a a s asaasa
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 PaPd59 60 PaPad
a a a a a a
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad ad d PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
61 a lsaai62
.lO rg rg
ai.O
63 a
64
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
65 a lsaai.lO66
rg rg
ai.O
67alai.lOair.68
g
Org 69alai.lOair.Og r70
g
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a asasa asasa a s a asaasa
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 81 a lsaai82
.lO rg rg
ai.O 83 salsaai.lOa84rg g
i.Or 85salsaai.lOa86
rg g
i.Or 87salsaai.lOair.88
g
Org 89 i.Oir.Or90
salsaala
g g
alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a a a a a a a a a s a asaasa
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
rg rg rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org rg rg
lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s The multiples
a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
la la
asa of 6 is
PaPdad
ascoloured
asa
laala
asin
PaPdad
aasa orange
la la
asfor
PaPdad
aasa you.adaadsa
la la
PP
la la
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
alai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Similarly, sColour
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O .OrO
alsaai lai.
g rg
thesalsmultiples
aai.lO
rg rg
ai.O ofi.Oir.5Og rgin blue,
salsaala
i.Oir.Multiples
salsaala
g
Org i.Oof
salsaala
i.Or 9 in alaai.lO
rg g
s s a
rg g
i.Or lai
asa a s a a a a a a a a a a a a a asaasa
Red, Multiples of 10 in Green, Multiples of 11 in Pink.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
41
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg Let us Know
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asa
Multiply
PaPdad any number PaPdad by 9, the
PaPdasum of allPaPdthe
ad digits Pof aPdadthe asa
PaPdad d PaPdad PaPdad
product is 9.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
Example:1 Example:2 Example:3
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai84ai.O x
.lO
9 a=daa756
salsaai.lO
ai.O a43
lsaai.lO x
ai.O 9 = 387 alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaa123ai.O x 9 = s1107
i.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a s a a s a a s a a a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PP d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
7 +5 + 6 = 18 3 +8 + 7 = 18 1 +1 + 0 + 7 = 9
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O = 1sa+laai.l8
O rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg = 1 + 8
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
as a a s a a a s a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad ad d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
=9 =P P9a
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad
Activity PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadMake patterns based PaPdon
ad the multiples of 9.PaPdad
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
rg rg multiple rg g of 9.OrOgProduct rgSum of all rgthe digits.OrOof g rg product g rg rg rg

a lai.lO
ai.O a la i.lO
a i.Or a l a i lai. rg a l ai.lO
ai.Or
g
al a i.lO
a i.Or
g
a lsaai lai. .OrO
lai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a asaasa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad
9x9 PaPdad
81
PaPdad
8+1=9
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
81 ai.x
lsaai.lO 9
g rg
rO
a ai.O729
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.O7 + 2 + s9
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsaai= ai.18
.lO g rg
rO = 1 +s8 =.Or9
alaai lai.
g
Org
alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a a a as a s a a s a asaasa
__ x 9
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a
a__
lsaai.lO x
ai.O 9 a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
as a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
__ x 9
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad __ x 9 PaPdad
Remember:
rg rg rg rg r rg g r rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Padad P Padad P PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
If the sum of all digits of a number is 9 or divisible by 9, then
aithe number is called lamultiple of la9.
rg rg g rg
r.O rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO lai.lO
ai.O i.lO
ai.O i.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asa
asa asa
asa asa
asa asa
asa asa
asa asa
asa a s a
a asaasa
rg rg
Do you know
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
12345679x 9 =111111111
ai.O 1 2 3 a4saals5aai.lOa6ir.O7 9 x a18 lai= ai.2 2 2 2as2 lai2 222
rg rg rg rg g rg rOrg g r rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO sa
.lO
a
.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asa asa a s a a s a a s a asaasa
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 x 27 = 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
alai.lO
ai.O a ai.O 1
lsaai.lO 2 3da4dsaals5aai.lOa6i.O7 9 xda36
salaal=
i.O 4 4 4 d4adsaa4lsaai.l4
ai.O ai.O4 4 4 salsaai.lO
O ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a das dada a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPa PaPa PaPa PaPa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 x 45 = 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
42
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3.2.a Cast out nines from a given number to check if it is a
rg rg rg rg g
i.OrOrg
g
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
multiple
asa
PaPdad
la lai.
asa of nine.
asa
PaPdad
la lai.
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg rg rg Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a ai.O E
lsaai.lO X aAdaaM
salaaPla L E
i. i.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a das a s a a s a a s a as a a s a asa
asa
PaPdad PP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rIs
g rg 46908 .multiple
OrO g rg of .9?
OrO g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alai lai. alai lai. alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asasa asasa a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
46908 = 4+6+0+8
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O =sal18
aai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
1 + 8 PaPad
a a a a a a a
PaPdad PaPda=d d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg r g rg rg
= 9 rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
Let us Know
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O Anyasa asnumber
laai.lO
ai.O orasaacombination
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa asof
ai.digits
laai.lO O
in
asa athat
ai.O number
lsaai.lO
asa
lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
which add to 9 can be cast out from the given number.
rg rg rg rg Then i.the rg rg sum of iremaining rg rg digits rg rg of the inumber rg rg is i.Oir.Og rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaalO
ai.O lsaa.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaa.lOai.O la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Pdivisible by P9aPdaor
d multiple PaPdof
ad 9.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a In ai.O
addition
a
PaPdad
s a
a problem,
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a we ai.O
can check
a
PaPdad
saa the
ai.O
suma
PaPdad
saa by ai.O
casting
a
PaPdad
s a
a outai.O
nines.a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a EXA PaPdM
ad P L E
a s a
a 1PaPdad
a s a
a a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg .Org rg .Org rg .Org rg rg rg

i.Or
aCheck
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO thea saa
lsfollowing
aai.lO
ai.O numbers
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O whether
salaala it is a dmultiple
adaadas
i i.O
a aadas
i i.O
salaala of a9daaor
das not
i i.O
salaala a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PP PP PP PaPdad PaPdad
24689 = 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 = 20 (It's not a multiple of 9.)
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a 9108 P=aPd0ad (It's a multiple
a s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a of 9.) a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
rg rg
3165 = 1 + 5 r=g rg6 (It's not
rg rg
a multiplergof
rg rg rg
9.) rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
rg rg rgErg X A M Pi.L rgErg 2 rg rg g rg

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaalO
ai.O a ai.OCheck the
lsaai.lO a aiaddition
lsaai.lO afact
lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3356 + 4729 = 8085
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lsa3356 4729 8085
r.O
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
as aa a
i.lO
ai.O + a s a
a
ai=
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
8 + 4 = 21
alai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 12salaai.lOai=r.Og r21 g
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
1 +PaPad2 = 2 P+aP1ad
a a a a a a a
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad d d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
3 r=g rg 3 rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a saa asaasa
43
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg InrOg rgsubtraction rg g problem, rg we

g can check rg g the difference rg g by rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O ai.lO i. a i.lO i.Or a i.lO i.Or a i.lO i.Or a i.lO i.Or a i.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
casting PaPdaout ninesPamethod.
a a l a a l a a l a a l a a l a a l a
asa a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad d d
Pad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
(Remember that subtraction is nothing more than addition
rg rg Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.in
lai.Oreverse). alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
E X A M
as
PaPdad
a
a P L E
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg rg rg g rg
rO rg rg
Let us .Know
rg rg g rg
OrO rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
as a
ai.O
a s alsaai.lO
ai.O 4897a s a - ai.2186
lsaai.lO
= a 2711
s a lsaai.lO
ai.O
a sa lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai lai.
asa a s a lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
Think of a two digit number say
a a a a a a
4897 - 2186 = 2711 52,
rg r g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g then subtract rg g the reverse rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Pa19
dasasa- 8 daadsa2
= of itsPadigits, 25 from
PaPdad 52.
a a al la alsala a l a a a l a a a a
asa as a a s a s a a s a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad Pad PaP PaPdad d
Pad PaPdad PaPdad
10 - 8 = 2 Difference =rg r52 - 25 =

rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g r27
g rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a 2 aPdad2
P=
a s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
asa
27 is a multiple of 9.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Activity
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Number Reverse Number Difference Sum of
PaPdathe digits
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad d PaPdad PaPdad
ai92 ai.O 29 92 - a29

rg rg g rg
r.O rg rg rg rg g rg63
r= rg rg 6 + 3alaa=i.lOai9 g rg
r.O rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O laai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a as as a s a asas a s a asa
asa
14 - =27
rg-rg
ai.O 38
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad
17 PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
5+4=9
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa
Exercise 3.2
rg rg rg g rg g rg rg Org rg Org rg Org rg rg rg

i.Or i.Or
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s1.
aa
aCircle
lsaai.lO the
a s a
a
amultiples
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsof ai.O9
aai.lO (byadaausing
salaala casting
das
i. i.O
salaaout
adaadas
i.lai.O
nine).
adaadas
i. i.O
salaala a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
rg rg a) 9443 .b)
rg rg g rg1008
OrO
c) 24689.OrOg rg d) 23769
rg rg g rg
.OrO
e) 13476 rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai lai. lai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad
2. Circle the correct addition fact (by using casting out nine).
a) 4355
rg rg rg rg rg g rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lsa+ ai5369
.Or = 9724
r
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a i.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad ad d P Pa ad d P Pa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg
b) 7632 + 2213
rg rg rg g
= 9845rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
r r
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a s as a s a s a s asaasa
c) 6023 + 3203 = 9220
a a a a a a a
rg rg
d) 2436
rg rg
5315 7701
g g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
+ =
r g r rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
a i.Or alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad d d PaPa d d PaPa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
44
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3. Circle the correct subtraction fact (by using casting out nine).
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a) 7420 PaPdad - 3625
a s a
a
PaPd=ad3795
a s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a c) 6732 PaPdad - 4361
a s a
a dad2371
PaP=
a saa a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg
b) 2362 - 632
rg rg rg rg
= 1720 rg rg d) 3264 -rg1063
rg rg rg
= 2200
rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa s asaasa asaasa s a asaasa asaasa s a asa
asa
3.2.b To check any multiplication problem using the casting out
a a a a a a
rg rg rg rg
of nines
rg rg
method.rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
EXAMPLE Note:
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Cross
a lsaai.lO
rg rout
ai.O
g
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
as a s s s s s s s asaasa
PaPdathe 9 andPaPdad
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad d PaPdad
Multiplicand Multiplier Product
rg r g rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg
components rg rg rg rg
lsaa i.lO
ai.O 3 2 7 alai laiX 4dads2 lsaai1 ai.3 7 3 4
rO
lai.lO .O .O ai.O =
lai.lO .lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
as
PaPdad
a
a dadsasa
PaPa PaPa
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
aof
PaPdad
s a
a 9. ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
3 4 + 2 = 1 + 3 + 7 + 3 + 4g
rg rg g r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg r rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 3 X 6 = PaPdad 18
lsaa 18 ai.O = 18
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1 + 8 = 1+8
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 9
a a a a a a a a asa
asa a s a a
PaPdad
s a a
PaPdad
s a = 9 a
PaPdad
s a a
PaPdad
s a a
PaPdad
s a a
PaPdad
s a
PaPdad
asa
rO g rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaaIn ai.Odivision
i.lO a lsaaproblem,
i.lO
ai.O we
a ai.can
lsaai.lO check a aithe
lsaai.lO quotienta ai.O by costing
lsaai.lO a ai.O out
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
nines method.
lsaa(Remember that division ai.Ois nothing more than the reverse ai.O of
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg r rg g r rg g r rg g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asa
asa asa
asa a s a
a asaasa
multiplication).
lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a Dividend
ai.O
PaPdad = Divisor
asa
l la
asa
PaPdad× Quotient
asa
l la
asa
PaPdad + Remainder
asa
l la
asa asa
PaPdad
l la
asa asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
EXAMPLE
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
525
a a a a a a a
PaPdad ÷ 15 PaPda= 35
a a a a a a a
rg rg
↓↓
rg rg rg rg
↓↓ ↓↓
rg g rg rg
Note:rg rg rg rg rg rg
i.Or
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
5+2+ PaPd5 1
a
ad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
+ 5 PaPda= 3
ad
s a
a
ls
aa
i.lO
a
+ 5 PaPdada s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a If
lsaa ai.Othe problem
i.lO
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O has salsaai.lO
lsaai.lO
a
PaPdad
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
12 ÷ 6 = 8 remainder, we will
rg rg
lsaal 12
g rg
r.O rg rg rg rg rg rg subtract
rg rg it lsaafrom
rg rg the rg rg
lai.lO 6
O lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO i.lO i.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a s a i. a i
a s a ai.O
a= 8
s a ai.O× a s a ai.O
a s a lsaa ai.O
a s a ai.O
a s a ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad Dividend.
a a a a a a a
12 = 48
lsaai.l 12 = 12
alai.lO
ai.O a
O
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lOai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1 + 2 = 1 + 2
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O . 3
OrO g rg .OrO g rg = 3 .OrO g rg .OrO g rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
asa alai lai.
asasa alai lai.
asasa asasaalai lai. alai lai.
asasa a s a
a a s a
a a saa asa
lai
asa
45
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg rg rg Exercisei.Oir.Og3.2b
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1. C ircle the correct multipliction fact (by using casting out nine
rg rg method).
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai
a asa
asa
a) 312 × 36 = 11232 c) 132 × 43 = 5676
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a b) 723 PaPdad × 24 = 17508
as a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
2. Circle the correct division fact (by gusing casting out nine method).
rg rg g r rg g g r rg g g
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a) 728 ÷ 4 = 182 c) 7785 ÷ 9 = 865
rg r g
b) 1580
rg rg
ai20 78
g g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lsaa÷ =
r.Org r rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad d PaPad d PaPad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Able to identify patterns in multiplication and division by 10s
rg rg rg rg g rg
.OrO rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saaand 100s.
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai lai.
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a E X A Ma
PaPdad
s P
a
a L E S a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
10 ÷ 2i.Oi=r.Og r5g
rg rg rg rg
57 ×lai.l10
ai.O = 570salsaai.lO
r rgg r rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O O ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asa
asa a a a saa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad ad d PaPdad PaPdad
100 ÷ 2 = 50 P Pa
57 × 100 = 5700
ai.O 1000 s÷alsa2
g r500
ai=
rg rg rg rg g rg
.OrO g rg
.OrO rg rg r.O g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O 9 a×saals400
Padad
aai lai.
= 3600
asa
Padad
lai lai.
asa a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
a
PaPdad
a
i.lO
a as
PaPdad
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
10000 ÷ 2 = 5000
P P
80 × 700 = 56000
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rgActivity
rg 1rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a ai.Ox
lsaai.lO
rg rg 200 a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
xa lsaai3
.lO rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
x 10 alai.lOair.Og rg a lsaai.lx
ai.O9
O rg rg
alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a asasa a s a a s a asaasa
rg rg
3→ rg rg rg rg
60 → rg rg
→
7
rg rg rg rg
20→ rg rg rg rg
200 → →
→ 400 →
a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O lai
asa a s a s as a s a s a s a s asaasa
PaPdad 2 60
a a a a a a a
4→ 30 → 6→ 30 →
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg 5→ rg rg rg rg 500 → rg rg 100 → 500 →

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a ai.O
lsaai.lO alsaai.lO
ai.O a
laai.lOair.Og rg a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a a s as a s a a s a a s a asaasa
46
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
ai.OActivity a2
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lOi.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg Complete
Org rg
the Ofollowing.
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
a. 54 ÷ 9 = 6 b. 540 ÷ 9 = 60
ai.c. 5400 a9 ai.O d. lsaai.l9
ai.O= 6000salsaai.lO
rg rg g rg
rO rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO alsa÷
i.lOi.Or= alsaai.lO alsaai.lO
ai.O a÷ O ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a as a a a s a a s a a s a a a a s a asaasa
Exercise ai.O 3.3 salsaai.lO

a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a a s a a s a asaasa a a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
rg r g rg rg Fill in the g blanks. .Org rg

i.Oir.Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la la i i.O la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa as asaasa asaasa a s a a s a a s a a sa asaasa
i. 90, 180, 270, , ,
a a a a a
.
ii. adZ90,
asa A81,adY72, asa B63, adadsa
asa , ,
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
P Pa
adsa
lai.lO
ai.O
adsa
lai.lO
ai.O
P Pa
lai.lO
ai.O
P Pa
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O . a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg
Circle the
rg rg rg rg
multiples
rg rg
of 9 rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
25, 27, 35, 36, 45, 46, 54, 55
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a Complete
a
PaPdad
s a
a thePaPdfollowing
a
ad
s a
a sequence.
P
a
aPdad
saa a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
1. 125,
lai.lO
r150,
g rg
ai.O
175,lai.lOair.Og rg , lsaai.lO
,rg rg
ai.O . lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a asaasa asaasa a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
2. 100, 400, 700, , , .
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3. A100 C300 E50
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
4. 200
PaPdad PaPdad
400
PaPdad
600
D
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa Complete
a
PaPdad
s a
a the Pfollowing
a
aPdad
s a
a sequence.
a
PaPdad
saa as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
1. 9 × 6rg =
lai.O
ai.O
rg 54
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a a asa l a a a a a asa
asa a s a asa a s a a s a as a a s a a s a asa
9 × 66 = 594
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a 9 × 666 = 5994
a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
alai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
9 a×lai.lOa6666
rg g
i.Or = 5alai.lOair.Og rg 4 alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a asasa asasa as a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
9 × 666666 =
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
47
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
2. Or 9
g rg × 111
Org rg
= 999
Org rg
9 × 222 Or= 1998
Org rg g rg Org rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a saa asaasa
9 × 333 = 2997 9 × 444 =
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
asa
9 × 555 9 × 666 = asa
s s s s s s s
a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a
= a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
aElsaai.lO
rg rg

ai.O A
nswer
as
PaPdad
a
a
lsaai.lO
rg g
athe
i.Or following
adadas
P Pa
i.Oi.O
salaala
rg rg
questions.
adadas
i.Oi.O
salaala
P Pa
rg rg
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg
1.
rg g
The school rg g
bell rings ronce g g in an hour, rg g
to indicate rg g
that the rg g
session rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O i.lOi.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or .O O
alai lai. lai
ends/next session
PaPdad begins.PaAnd daadsas for break, daadsasit will be daa20
sas minutes.
a al a a a l a a a l a a a la a a l a a a l a a
as a asas a asas a asas a a a a daadsasa asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad P P aP P aP d P aP PaPdad
Shall we try to fill this up.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Here PisaPdathe time Ptable.
a
asa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
PaPdad d aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg

lai.lO lsaai.lO
Period ai.O 1 Period
asasal 2 Break
a ai.O a lai.ai.O lai.laiPeriod
.O 3 asalsaaPeriod
i.lai.O 4 Break
lai.lai.O Periodas5
alaai lai. Period 6
. O i. i.O
salaala lai
asa a s a a asaasa a asa
asa ad das adadas asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P Pa P Pa PaPdad
9:00 10:00 11:00 2:40
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2. Imagine you are a traffic inspector. You are asked to design the
rg rg g traffic signal
g timings.Can
g you design
g it? i.OrOg rg g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O i.OrOrg
la lai. i.OrOrg la laii.OrOrg
. i.OrOrg la lai. i.OrOrg la lai. la lai. la lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a
a asaasa
rg rg
Red
rg rg
Yellow/orange
rg rg rg g
Greenrg g
Red rg rg
Green
rg rg rg rg
r r
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa s s s s s s s asa
asa
a
PaPdad
a
7:30 Pam a
aPdad a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
rg rg rg g rg g rg rg rg rg g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
i.Or
a3. i.Or
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
A citya
PaPdad
saais aplanned
lsaai.lO
a
PaPdad
in
s a
a such
lsaai.lO
ai.O a waya
PaPdad
saa that
lsaai.lO
ai.O every
asa
Padad
as5km
laalai.
has aasa
Padad
acircle
lsaalai.
and asa
Padad
la lai.
asa asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
P P P
has 4 signals around.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a So, can PaPdyou
a
ad
s a
a guess Pwhere
a
aPdad
s a
a the signals
PaPdad and circle
a s a
a
PaPdad are there?
a s a
a a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
How many signals are needed for a 20 km distance?

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa
F
Create a magic square by using multiples of 10, 20,
rg rg rg rg 30, 40,i.50,rg rg 60, 70,i.O80rg rgand 90. i.Or.O
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O la lO
ai.O la lai.O la lai lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a asaasa
Try This
rg rg rg20
rg 90 i.Or.Og r40
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaalai a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad ad d ad d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
70 P Pa50 30 P Pa150 Create magic squares by using,
ai.O60 10 ai.O 80 1. Multiples lsaaiofai.O nine salsaai.lO
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg r rg g r rg g rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a
.lO ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad ad d P Pa ad d P Pa PaPdad PaPdad
150 2. Multiples of hundred
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
48
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
MEASUREMENTS
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
UNIT-4
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg rg rg

a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa 4.1
lsaai.lO
ai.O Understand
asa
PaPdad
lai.lai.O
asa asrelationship
PaPdad
a lai.lai.O
asa asa
PaPdad
asa between
lai.lai.O
asmetre
asa
PaPdad
laai.lai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai.lai.O
asa a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
and centimetre.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Introduction
a a a a a a a
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadChildrenPacan Pad measure PaPdadtheir foot PaPdasize and PfiaPdnd
ad out the PaPdslipper size.
a a d a a a a a a a a a a a a
d ad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg
Or sleeve g rg
r.O
size rof g rg
their shirt, g rg
r.O
then children g rg
r.O
go around g rg
r.O
find out g rg
r.O
whose rg g
r
lai.lO
sleeve is the shortest and whose is the longest. Or leg size and fi nd
ai.O i .
lsaala Oi i .
lsaala Oi . O i .
lsaala Oi i .
lsaala Oi i .
lsaala Oi i .
lsaala Oi lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
out whose pant/trouser is the longest. Or shoulder measurement of
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O their
salaala
i.Oir.Orgfriends.
g
salaala
i.Oir.Org
g
salaala
g
i.Oir.Org
salaala
g
i.Oir.Org
salaala
g
i.Oir.Org
salaala
g
i.Oir.Org
salaala
g
i.Oir.Org lai
asa a as a as a as a as a as a as a as asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1 2 3 4
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
49
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Kavitha accompanied her friends to the festival shop. They all got a lot
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O of astuff.
lai.O
asasal
rg g
i.Or They aicame
lai.O
asasal
g rg
r.O
back ahome
lai.O
asasal
rg g
i.Or and lathen
ai.O talked
i.O
asasal
rg rg
laiabout
asasal
.O rg rg
ai.O them.lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a a a a a a a asa
Kavitha : I bought a ribbon. Mala what did you buy?
rg rg rg rg rg rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a sMala
aa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a:
s a
a
ai.O I
lsaai.lO boughtsalaalaa cricket
adaadas
i. i.O
salbat.
adaadas
aai.lai.O Mary,saplease
laai.lai.O
adaadas
show salayour
adaadas
i. .O
alai toy. i. i.O
salaala
adaadas asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PP PP PP PP PP PaPdad
Mary : I bought a toy train.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadSharmila PaPdad: SeePaPfriends. I Phave
aPdad a beautiful PaPdad toy car
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
dad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg Banu
g rg
.OrO
: rg My
g favouite rg gtoy lorry rgwas
g very attractive rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai lai. l a i.lO
a i.Or l a i.lO
a i.Or la i.lO
a i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a asa
asa a s a
a s a a s a
a s a a saa sa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad Kavitha PaPdad : All the toys are very nice. Let us measure our toys.
rg r g rg rg Which is Othe
Org rg rg rg longestOamong
rg rg them?
Org rg Org rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lai.lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa as a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a saa asaasa
Let’s measure the length of toys and ribbon.
rg rg
Kavitha rg rg
measures rg rg
her aRibbon. r rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O sa lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asa a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a 80 cm a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
r.O rg rg g
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O 10 a lsaai.lO
ai.O20 30 alsaai.lO
ai40 50 a
O
lsaai.l60
ai.O 70 dadsa alai
lsa80 lsaai.lO
90 dads100
a ai.O 110 a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPa PaPa PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg
Mala measures rher
rg rg g rg
Toy bat.
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
25 cm
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
10 20 30 40
Mary ai.O measures ai.Oher Toy train.

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO a lsa i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
20 cm
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
10 20 30
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Teacher can help the children to use the ruler. Whether it should
rg rg begin g
i.Or.Org
from zero g or 1? Also
i.Or.Org
g tell why do
i.Or.Org
g we measure
i.Or.Org
g from zero.
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O la lai la lai la lai la lai la lai la lai lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
50
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Sharmila measures her Toy car.
r.O g rg
rO rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a aiCentimetre
lsaai.lO a ai.can
lsaai.lO be a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
written as “cm”
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a We
ai.O
use as
PaPdad
scale
a
a
ai.O
to a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
measure small
7 cm ailength. Play ai.ground,
r.O g rg
rO rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Classroom heightPaPad
a a a a a a a
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad d PaPdad
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg are
rg g measured rg gby rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O 5 lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lOai.O lai
tape.PaPdad
a a a a a a l a a a l a a a
as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a asaasa
rg r g Banu rg rgmeasures rher

g rg Toy lorry. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
ai.O 25 cm salsaai.lO

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O
al la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a 10 a saa a20
daadsasa as a
a 30 a s a
a asa
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
Activity
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O aAsk ai.Othe children
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.O to measure
lsaai.lO
rg rg
alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O the following
salaala
g
i.Oir.Org thingsi.Oir.and
salaala
Org complete
g
i.Oir.Org the
salaala
g
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a as a as a as a s a asaasa
PaPdad table given below.
lsaS. NO Things Approximate length ai.O Correct lsaai.llength

rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g
r r rg g r rg g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO a
O
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPad d PaPad d PaPad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg1rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a 2 a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
51
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg g rg
r.O rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a ai4
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
5
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
6
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg r g Children rg rg can you rgmeasure

rg the rg rtip
g of thei.Ofollowing
rg rg things rg rg by using the
g
i.Oir.Org
ruler? i.Oir.Og rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la la la la lai
asa as a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Yes, the measurement between 0 and 1 is 0.5.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad0.5
10 millimetre = 1 centimetre
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa 100 Pcentimetre =
a
aPdad
s a
a
PaPda1
ad metre PaPdad
s a
a a s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
0 1
1000 m
rg rg rg rg
= 1 Kilometre
rg rg rg rg
lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lai.lO lsaai.lO
= 1 cm
ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O lai
PaPdad
a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa a s a
a asaasa
rg rg rg rg 5 rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
ai.1000 metre = 1sakilometre
rO
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O laai.lO
ai.O i.Oi.O
salaala lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a adadas adadas asaasa
1 mile = 1.6 kilometre
a lai.lO
ai.O a ls0
aai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O 1 alai.lO ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a s a a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
= 10 millimetre Think it..
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa
How Pcan
aPdad you measure PaPdad the
distance between villupuram
ai.and cuddalore?
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa
PaGroup Activity
a s a a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a
PaPdad d
rg rg g rg
alai.lO
asa
ai.O
aAsk
s a
a
ai.the
lsaai.lO children
a s a
a
ai.O to measure
lsaai.lO
a saa
ai.O the length
lsaai.lO
as a
a
ai.Oof thesafollowing
lsaai.lO
a a
lsaai.lO
ai.O things.
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
a. Black board b. Cupboard c. Table d. Wallclock e. Classroom
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
52
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
4.2 Conversion of Metre into Centimetre.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rE
g rgX A M P L rE
g rgS rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPad
a a a a a a a
PaPdad d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
1. Convert
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
5 m
rg rg into cm
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
P1m
aPdad = 100 Pcm
a
asa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad
5 m = 5 x 100 cm
5 m = 500 cm
lsaai:
Ndoastaae
rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O la la la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O .lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a asa
asa asaasa a s a
a a saa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
metre
PaPad
2. Convert 13 m into cm T o c o n ve rt
g metresi.Or.O
nrti
a13 m = 13 lsax a100 cm inato lsaac ae
rg r g rg g rg g rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lOi.Or i.lOi.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O i.lOi.O lsaalai lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
eaPdgadiven
a
asa s a s a a s a s a s a s a sa asaasa
PaPdad iply thP
a a a a a a a a a a a a a
13 m = 1300 cm. mult
rg rg rg g g rg
r.O Org rg Org rg numbi.Oer.Org rgby 100 i.Or.Og rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a a3. Convert
lsaai.lOi.Or a ai4 m
lsaai.lO 35 cm a lsaai.into
lai.O cmadaadsaalsaai.lai.O la lai la lai lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg Step: 1
rg rg Step: rg rg 2 ai.Oir.Og rg Another rg rMethod
g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O
l la lsaai.lO
ai.O l la ai.Oi.O
l la ai.Oi.O l la lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a asaasa asa
asa asaasa a s a
a asaasa
4 m = 4 x 100 cm 400 cm 4 m 35 m = 4 x 100 + 35 cm
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsa+
rg g
i.Or
a35 cm
i.lO a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O = 400 la+ ai35
i.O
asasal
g rg
r.O
alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a a s a a a s a a s a asa
4 m 35 cm = 435 cm
rg rg rg rg rg rg
435 cm
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asaasa a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
4 m 35 cm = 435 cm
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
asa
4.3 Conversion of Centimetre into Metre. asa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
E X APaPM
dad P L E S Padad
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad P PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg Org rg g rg
.OrO g rg
.OrO g rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.1.
lai.O Convertlai lai. 700 cmsainto
lai ai. metresalsaai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPd100cm = 1m
a
asa a saa asaasa a asal a a as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad Padad
P Padad P Padad P ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
700 ÷ 100 = 7 m
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 700 cm = 7 mPaPdad
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
2. Convertg536 cm intog metre

rg rg rg rg r rg r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 536 cm = 500 cm
PaPdad + 36 cm
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
rg rg
rg rg
= (500 ÷rg r100)
g
+ 36 cm
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
adsa adsa a a a a asa
PaPdad = P5 m + 36 cmP
asa a s a d asa d asa as a a s a a s a a s a asa
P a a P a a PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rOg rg 536 cm g rg = 5 m 36 cm

.OrO g rg
.OrO rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
ai. lai lai. lai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asas a asaasa asaasa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
53
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rgActivity
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa Metre a
PaPdad
s a
a 1 P2
aPdaadas 3
sa al
Pa4
dasasa 5
Pad
a l
6
daadsasa 7
PaP
a l
PaPd8
asasal
ada 9 a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
rg rg Centimetre
rg rg 100 rg rg 200 300 rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2. Using the metre scale, find the length of the classroom door and
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O change
alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O the smetre
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O into scentimetre.
.OrO
alsaai lai.
g rg
salsaala
g
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
as a a s a a a a a a a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
alai.lO
rg r g
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
Exercise
rg rg
ai.O .OrO
alaai lai.
g 4.1
rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa as a a s a a s a asas a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Convert into centimetre Convert into metre
rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg
1. 3 m a=
i.Or____ cm 1. ai.O600 cm ai= ____ m
r.O
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO alsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2. 37 m = ____ cm 2. 3600 cm = ____ m
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
3.
s a
a 5 m 9 cm
a
PaPdad
s a
a = ____ a
PaPdad
cm
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a3. 647 cm a
PaPdad
s a
a = ____ a
PaPdad
s m
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
4. 7 m 35 cm = g ____ cm 4. 304 cm = ____ m

rg rg g r rg r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Addition and subtraction of measures
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad AdditionPawithout Regrouping
d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Pad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
EXAMPLE
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Add 21 m 45 cm and 68 m 23 cm.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
m PaPdad cm step.1 Start
PaPdad from cm
PaPda:(45+23) cm PaPdad= 68 cm PaPdad
PaPdad PaPdad d PaPdad
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
21 lsaa45
i.lO rg rg
ai.O ai.O write
lai.O
rg rg
la68ai.Ounder the
i.O rg rg
aiCentimetre
lai.O
g rg
r.O
lai.O column.asalsaai.lOair.Og rg
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a asasala asasal asasal a asasal a a a asaasa
+ 68 23 Step.2 Then add m : 21 m + 68 m = 89 m
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a s a 89 a s a 68 as a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
lai
asa
Write 89 under the metre column.
a a a a a a a
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
21 mPaPd45 cm + 68 m
PaPdad 23 cm = PaPd89 m 68 cm
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad ad ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
54
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Addition with Regrouping
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
EXAMPLE
Add 34 m 91 cm + 25 m 42 cm
rg rg rg rg rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa a
m PaPdad cm
a s a Step:
asa
PaPdad
asa 1
la la
Start
asa
PaPdad
asa from cm
la la
asa
PaPdad
la la
asa asa
PaPdad
la la
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
1 1
91 cm + 42 cm = 133 cm
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a ai.O 34
lsaai.lO
rg rg
als91
aai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O In 133 cm,
alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O write a lsaa33 ai.O under scm
i.lO rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a a a s a asaasa
column and then add this 1 cm to
rg rg
+ 25
rg rg
42rg .OrOg rg the metre g rg column. g rg g rg rg rg
rg .OrO .OrO .OrO
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a s asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa s a asaasa
Step: 2 Add 1 m + 34 m + 25 m = 60 m
a a a a
60 33
lsaai.l34 m 91 cm a+
i.Or25 m 42 cm ai.O = 60 m lsaai33 cm
rg r g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a
O
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO a
.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
Exercise
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O
4.2
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
Add the following.
ls1. 2. 3.
lai.lO
ai.O aai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
m cm PaPdad Pam cm PaPdadm cmPaPdad
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad dad
PaP d
Pad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg 41 r29
g rg rg rg 70 23
rg rg rg rg 35 i.Oir.Og r08
g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaala a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad + 26PaPdad 75 PaPdad + 31
PaPdad 45 PaPdad +PaPa29 26 PaPa
d d d d PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
4.Org rg 5. Org rg 6.
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O l ai.ai.O msalsaai.lOair.Ogcm
rg
lai.lai.O m salsaai.lOacm
rg g
i.Or lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O malsaai.lOair.Og rcm
g
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa asasal
a a a asaasa a a a s a
a a s a a s a
a asaasa
53 45 51 30 60 45
a lai.lO
ai.O a ai.O + 34
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO 68
ai.O a ai.O + 21 salsaai.lO
lsaai.lO ai12 a lsaai.lO
ai.O +Padaa24
sa ai.O 75
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a a a s a a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P d PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Subtraction without Regrouping
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
EXAMPLE
a a a a a a a
lsaSubtract 18 am
i.Or24 cm a from ai.O 48 m s36 acm
rg rg rg rg g
i.Or.Org rg rg rg g rg rg rg g rg rg
lai.lO lsaai.lO i.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lOi.Or lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
masaalsaalai cm
PaPdad
as
PaPdad
a
a a ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a a
PaPdad
aa a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
48 36 step: 1 Subtract centimetre column

ls(36-24) = s12 cm
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O aai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a - 18 a
PaPdad
s a
a 24 a
PaPdad
saa as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
aa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
step: 2 Subtract metre column
rg rg g
30 12
g g 48-18 g = 30 mi.Oir.Og rg g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O la la i.Oir.Org i.Oir.Org
la la i.Oir.Org
la la i.Oir.Org
la la la la i.Oir.Org la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
55
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
Subtraction
rg rg
with
rg rg
Regrouping
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
EXAMPLE
ai.O Subtract ai.73 m 44 cm
rO rg–rg54 m 75 cm rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
m cm
a a a a a a a
75 cm cannot be subtracted from 44 cm. So take
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
72 144
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 1msalsfrom ai.O 73 msaand
aai.lO
rg rg
ai.Othen add
lsaai.lO
rg rg
awith
lsaai.lO
rg g
i.Or 44 we aget
lsaai.lOi.Or 100 +alaai.lO
rg g rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a asaasa a a a a a s a
a a s a
a a s a s asaasa
73 44 44 = 144 cm.
rg rg- 54 75 step: rg1 144 cm ai.O-75 cmsa=lsaai69 cm
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO .lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad adad PaPdad PaPdad
18 69 step: 2 72 cm -54 cm = 18 cm P P
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Exercise 4.3
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Subtract
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O the a afollowing
lsaai.lO
rg g
i.Or a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
1. 2. 3.
rg rg rg rg m cm g
i.Oir.Org rg rg m rcm
g rg rg rg malai.lO rgcm
rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a a s a
a asasa a s a
a asaasa
93 25 38 90 75 22
rg-rg 20 12 rg rg- 26 lai.lO rg60
ai.O - 56
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg35
rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O ai.O lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a asaasa a saa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
lai.lO
ai.O 4. lsaai .lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.l5.
ai.O
O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lOi.Or
a6. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Pam cm PaPdm cm PaPdad PaPdm cm
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
PaPdad d
Pad PaPdad ad ad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg
27 81rg rg rg g
38 rg90 rg rg g 75 rg22g rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O l ai.lO
a i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O la i.lO
a i.Or l a i.lO
a i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
- P16 94 - PaPd26 60
a a a a a a a a asa
asa - PaPd56 35
a s a a s a a s a s a a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a asa
PaPdad aPdad PaPdad ad PaPdad ad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rE
g X A MlaP L
rg rE
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O i.O
ai.O
l lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a saa as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
Mala bought 18 m 73 cm of Green ribbon and 27 m 65 cm of red ribbon
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O for
i.O
salsaala
i.Or decorating
rg g i.Oir.Orgthe hall.
salsaala
g
iWhat
g rg
.Oir.O
salsaala
is the i.total
g rg
Oir.O
salsaala
length i.of
Oir.O
salsaala
the ribbon?
g rg g
i.Oir.Org
salsaala alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a a a a a a a a a a a a a s a asaasa
Answer: m cm
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg 1 1 rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.Oi.O lai.Oi.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s Length
a
a ofPathe
dasasGreen
a ala ribbon
asaasa=
la a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad Pad PaPdad 18
PaPdad 73 PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Length of the red ribbon =
rg rg rg rg rg g rg g rg g
+ 27 65 rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asaTotal length asof
as the ribbon asas =
a a a l a a a l a a al a a a a a
asa s a a a s s s asaasa
46
PaPdad 38
a a s a a a a a a
rg rg rg rg rg rg Total length
i.Oir.Org of the ribbon
g
i.Oir.Org is 46 m i38 cm.
g g rg
.Oir.O rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a saa asaasa
56
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
ai.OE X AdaM laPi.lO

aL
i.OE
rg rg rg rg rrg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO sa a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rgLrgatha purchased rg rg 42 m rg52

rg cm rope rgand
rg she used rg rg 17 m 15i.Ocm rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaalai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
ropePaPto
dad tie a ponny. PaPdad What is PaPdthe remainingPaPdad length of PaPdathe rope PaPdad
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
PaPdad ad d PaPdad
she had?
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
m PaPdacm
a a a a a a a
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad d PaPdad PaPdad
Answer:
3 12 4 12
rg rg rg rg g rg g rg g rg g rg rg rg rg rg
lsaaRope purchased =
r.O r.O r.O r.O
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a i .
la
Oi a i .
lsaala Oi a i.
lsaalaOi a i .O
lsaala 4 2
i
5 2
a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg r g rg rg
Rope given to ponny
rg rg rg rg rg rg
= - 17
rg rg
15
rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad Remaining PaPdad rope = 2 5 PaPda3d 7
aiRemaining lsaai.llength of the ai.Orope issa25 m

rg rg rg rg g rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a
O
ai.O a lsaai.lO ai.O 37 cm. salsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a a a a a s a asaasa
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s Life Oriented Problems
a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
Exercise 4.4
a a a a a a a a lai
rg rg
1. ai.O Deenu
rg rg
bought rg rg
15 m lsaa43 cm ofashirt
23 masaa94 cm
rg rg
ai.O material
ai.O of
rg rg
lsaai.land
rg rg
r rg r rg g g
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
a ai.OO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a s a a s a
a s a asa
asa
aPdad PaPdad
PaPdad PaPdad
trouser material. Find the total material bought Pby him.
rg rg
2. ai.O A fisherman
rg rg
boughtrg rg
a2
i.Onets. The ailength of lsaafirst
ai.O and second ai.O netssalsaai.lO
r rg g r.Org gr rg r rgg r rg g g
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO a i.lO a lsaai.lO ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad aPdad PaPdad adad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad
are 23 m 43 cmP and 25 m 63 cm. What PisP the total Plength of nets?
rg rg
3. ai.O Agathiya
rg rg
aibought 70 m ai.O42 cm of
to fence lsaawire
his garden. ai.He used
g rg
r.O rg rg r rg rg rg rOrg gr rg g g
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO alsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.Oa i.lOa lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad adad PaPdad
only 43 m 51 cm of wire. Find the length of the remaining wire.P P
rg rg
4. ai.O A shopkeeper
rg rg rg rg
sold
69 cm lsa37 m
lsacloth outasof
rg rg
lsaai.l93 m 75 cm lsaai.lin
ai.Ostock. salsaai.lO
r rg r rg g r rg g r rg g g
a lai.lO
ai.O a a i.lO
i.lO ai.O
ai.O a
O
ai.O a
O ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a aassaa a a a a s a a a asaasa
How much stock is left with him?
rg rg
5. ai.O At the
rg rg
lsafabric
rg rg
shop, lsaai.lI
ai.Oboughtsa125
rg rg
ai.Ometres
rg rg
of ai.orange fabric ai.O and salsaai.lO
g rg
rO rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a
O lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a a s a a a as a a s a a a asaasa
50 metres of yellow fabric. I have used 13 metres of the orange
rg rg rg rgfabric and rg r12
g metres rgof
rg yellow i.fabric. rg rg Howi.Omany rg rg metres rg rof
g rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaalO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
fabric I have
PaPdad left in total?
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
rg rg 6. rg rgVelu is 1i.Om rg r15

g cm tall. rgHer
rg friend rgBabu
rg is 1 i.m rg30
rg cm tall. rgWho
rg is i.Oir.Og rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaalO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O la la lai
taller
PaPdadand by how PaPdad much? PaPdad
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
57
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
4.4
rg g
Solving rgproblem
g
involving
rg g
length
rg g
and distances.
rg g rg g rg rg
r r r r r r
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
EXAMPLE
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O 70 msal35 cm
adadas
aai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P Pa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
The distance between two coconut trees is 70 m 35 cm.
lsaaSuthan walked ai.O from sfirst ai.Otree to lssecond tree.
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO a aai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Then he returnedPto first tree. How m cm
much distance g did he cover?
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O la lai
g
i.Or.Org i.Or.Org
la lai
g
i.Or.Org
la lai
g
i.Or.Org
la lai
g
i.Or.Org
la lai
g
i.Or.Orgla lai 1 lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a
a asaasa
Suthan went to 2nd tree = 70 35
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a ai.O Suthan
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a areturned
lsaai.lO
rg g
i.Or a
to ai1
lsaai.lO
r.O rg tree i.Oir.O
gst
a lsaala
g rg
a ai.O=
lsaai.lO
rg rg + 70salaai.lOair.Og35
rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a as a s a asa
asa
Total distance = 140 m 70 cm 140 70
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rgActivity
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg Measure rg rg the height rg rg of any rten

g rg of your rgclassmates
rg rgand
rg writei.Oinr.Og rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadcentimetre.
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a asa
asa a s a
a asaasa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaGroup Activity
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad d
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdadTo
s a
a go from a
PaPdadcuddalore
s a
a to
as
PaPdad
a
a Chennai, which
a
PaPdad
s a
a is the a
PaPdad
slongest
a
a route?
a
PaPdad
s a
a Find outa
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
the distance of the same. Which is the shortest route? Find out the
alai.lO
rg rg
ai.O shortest
lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O distance.
lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
asasal
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a a a a a a a asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
58
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
Similarly find the shortest distance between Madurai to Chennai,
rg rg Trichyg
i.OrOrg
to Coimbatore
g
i.OrOrg
andi.OChennai
g rg
rO toi.OCoimbatore.
g rg
rO g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O la lai . la lai . la lai. la lai . la lai. la lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a asaasa
4.5 Estimation
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
Introduction
a a a a a a a a lai
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg
i.Or i.Or
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
sEstimating
aa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
and
s a
a
lsaai.lO
measuring
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
alength
lsaai.lO
and
a
PaPdad
saa
adistance
lsaai.lO
as
PaPdad
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
We can estimate some lengths and distances using approximate values

rg rg g rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a sfor
a
a
ai.measurements.
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O For a example,
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O onea s a
a
lsaametre
i.lO
ai.O is aapproximately
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lthe
O
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
length from your shoulder to your toes, if you stand with your arm
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
outstretched.
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa
Now let us try the following.
rg rg rg rg g rg
alai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s1.
a
a
ai.O Distance
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
aibetween
lsaai.lO
a saayour ai.O placesa
lsaai.lO
a and
a
ai.Oblack board.
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
2. Distance between table and cupboard.
3. ai.O Distance aibetween HM ai.O room and aiplay ground.
rg rg rg rg g rg
r.O rg rg g rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO alsaai.lO a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa d a s a da s a d as a d a s a d a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPad PaPad PaPad PaPad PaPad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
59
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
1. rg rgLook at the
rg rg
map andrg rcomplete
g
the following.
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a saa a saa asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1. Distance between Meera’s house and the fruit shop ______.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad2. Distance betweenPaPdad Meera’sPahouse and Meera’s uncle
PaPdhouse ______.
PaPdad d
Pad PaPdad ad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg g rg
r.O rg rg g rg
rO rg g rg rg rg rg
i.Or
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s3.
aa
ai.O Distance
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
aibetween
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsMeera’s
aai.lO
ai.O uncle
a saa
ai.house
lsaai.lO and
as a
a
amarket
lsaai.lO ______.
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
4. lsaai.lO
rg rgDistance
ai.O lsaai.lO
between
rg rg
ai.O
school
lsaai.lO
rg rg and fruit
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rgshop _______.
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
5. Which place is the longest from Meera’s house _______.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
s6.
a
a Which a
PaPdad
s a
a place
isPathe
dasasashortest
Pad
al la asfrom
PaPdad
a l la
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
Meera’s house _______.

lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad7. Distance between
PaPdad Meera’s house and Pthe
aPdad School P______.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad dad
PaP aPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
60
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Exercise 4.5
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a s1.
aa
ai.O Convert
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a s a
a
ainto
lsaai.lO
rg g
i.Or cm a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
as a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
a) 5 m b) 7 m c) 9 m d) g16 m

rg rg rg rg rg rg g r rg rg rg rg rg r rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2. Convert into m
a lai.lO
as a
ai.O
a s a
a
ai.O a) 6000 cm
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a sb)
a
a
a4000 cm
lsaai.lOi.Or
a saa
ai.O c) 13000 cm
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsad)
a ai.O17000 cm
i.lO
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
rg r g
3. Add
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a. m cm b. m cm c. m cm
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 4 75 PaPdad25 53 PaPdad 48 72
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
rg rg rg rg
+ 3 rg rg
18 rg rg
+ 18 rg rg
24 rg rg
+ 14 rg rg
34 rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 4.
a ai.O Subtract
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a. m cm b. m cm c. m cm
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad 9 28 PaPdad63 47 PaPdad 96 32
rg rg rg rg - 3 .OrOg rg 14 rg rg - 36.OrOg rg 24 rg rg - 20.OrOg rg 48 rg rg

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a asaasa a s a
a asaasa a s a
a asaasa
r.O rg g rg g rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s 5.
a
a
ai.O Raju used
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
ai.O13 m 25 cm
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsaai.lO ribbon
ai.O
afor
s a
a
aimaking
lsaai.lO
ahis
s a
a
aproject.
lsaai.lOi.Or
a sIf
aa
ahe
lsaai.lOi.Or
had a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
bought 20 m of ribbon, How much ribbon is left with him?
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a s 6.
aa
ai.O The distance
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O between
a s a
a
ai.O bus stand
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a saa
ai.and
lsaai.lO
g rg
rO
school
as a
a
aiis
lsaai.lO
r.O
81 m a40 cm
g rg
saa
ai.O and the
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
distance between school and temple is 20 m 10 cm. What is the
rg rg rg rgtotal distance rg rg fromi.Obus rg rg stand to rgtemple
rg ? i.Or.Og rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lOai.O a lsaalai.O a lsaai.lOai.O a lsaalai a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa
PaPdad 7. Arul
PaPdahas a 4 metre
PaPdad long piece PaPdad of wood. PaPdHe
ad wants Pto cut it into PaPd2
d aPdad ad PaPdad
equal lengths. How long should each piece be gin millimetres?

rg rg g rg
r.O g rg
r.O g rg
r.O g rg
r.O r rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O i. O i .O i . O i . O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 8. Amudha knowsPatailoring. She
PaPdadbought 10 PaPdametre long
PaPdacloth. She
a a lsaala i a lsaala i a lsaala i a lsaala i a a a
PaPdad d
Pad d d PaPdad PaPdad
needs 4 curtains to be stitched. Each curtain's height is 160cm.
ai.O Would lsshe ai.O be able lsato stitch aall lsaai.lcurtains? If ai.some cloth aiis left asaalsaai.lOair.Og rg
rg rg r g r g rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg
rO g rg
r.O
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a aai.lO a i.lOai.O a
Oai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO lai
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
behind, how much would itP be and could you please suggest her to
rg rg g stitch something g else? g g g g g
a lai.lO
ai.O la laii.Or.Org la lai i.Or.Org i.Or.Org
la lai i.Or.Org
la lai i.Or.Org
la lai i.Or.Org
la lai i.Or.Org
la lai lai
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa
61
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O lai
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asa
PP da
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ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
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ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
TIME
a
asa a s a
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rg rg rg rg g rg
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a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa 5.1 Understand
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai lai.
asa days
asa
PaPdad
asa and weeks
lai lai.
asa
PaPdad
lai lai.
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Recall
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
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a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
Teacher writes the days of a week in the Balloons and ask students
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a
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rg rg
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ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdad adad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
their hands. Now letP Pus sing theP following song.
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg IT-5 rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O "Sun ai.O sun Sunday,
lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O let's sahave ai.O fun
laai.lO i.Oi.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
WEDNESDAY
TUESDAY
lai
FRIDAY
a
asa s a s a salaala
UN E
TIM s a s a s a asa
asa
a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a adadas
P Pa adadas P Pa Days
a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a SATURDAY a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
SUNDAY
&
THURSDAY
Ma ma Monday, morning is so cool,

Week
MONDAY
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Tue tuePTuesday, tickle
PaPdad your friend,
a
a a saa a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg Wae rg rgwae Wednesday, rg rg jump rg rup

g high i.Or.O g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Tha tha Thursday, reach the sky
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PFa
aPdadfa Friday, PaPdaeat healthyPaPdadto be strong.
WEDNESDAY
TUESDAY
a 5 a a a a a a
FRIDAY
a - a a a a a a
PaPdad T adad
UNI PE P PaPdad d PaPdad PaPdad
TIM
SATURDAY
Days
SUNDAY
&
Sa sa Saturday, allrg rsit down.ai.Oir.Og rg
THURSDAY
rg rg rg rg rg rg g
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lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
MONDAY
a a a la la l la l la l la
asa a s a a s a asa
a asaasa
Let's get up, it's a new day
The laearth goes laround
r rg g r rg g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O i.lO
ai.O i.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a asa
asa asa
asa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
Round and round
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PAround thePasun
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
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PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad aPdad d
Pad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
That isrg why
rg
all newrg rdays"!
g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a asaasa asaasa a s a
a a saa asaasa
62
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg g 5.1
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Answer the following questions.
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O  PWhich salaala is thedafirst
aPdaadas
i.Oi.O
PaPad
sa asa day of
lai.lO ai.O
athe
PaPdad
saasa week a?
lai.lOai.O
asa
P Pdad
lai.lO
asa
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai.lO
asa
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai.lO
asa
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
 How many days do you come to school in a week? what are they?
rg rg g rg
r.O g rg
lai.lO
ai.O i .
lsaalaOi i.
lsaalaOi lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a  PHow
aPdad many days
as a
a
PaPdad are holidays
a s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a in a week?
PaPdad what are
a s a
a
PaPdadthey?
a s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
rg rg rg rg Which rgisrg the third rgday

rg of the rgweek?
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.Oi.O
la lai.Oi.O
la lai.Oi.O
la lai.Oi.O
la lai.Oi.O la lai.Oi.O la lai.Oi.O la lai
as a asa
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa
Unscramble the days given below and write the days of the
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lsaai.lO a lsaai.lorder.
O
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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asa as a a a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
rg rg rg rg
 TRUSDAHAY rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
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ai.O alsaai.lO
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ai.O lai
asa asaasa
 DYARFI
rg rg rg rg DSANUY rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
 NODMYA
ai.O  SDEUYAT
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
 NDWADSEYE
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
 YDASTAUR
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
as
PaPdad
a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
ai.OActivity
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg 1. OScatter g cards rg g with alli.O month

rg g names. rg gAsk the i.children rg g to arrange rg g it Org rg
lai.lO i.lair.Org i.lO i.Or i.Or i.lO i.Or O i.Or i.lO i.Or
asas in order asand to write asasnumber aof asadays in eachasas month. adadsas
a ai.O a l a a la a al a l a a l a a a la la a l a a lai.lai.O lai
asa a as a a s a a a asaasa asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P Pdad PaPdad P Pa PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg
2. Srgtudents g
should rg g
run in arg circle. g
When rg g
the teacher rg g
says ‘FRIDAY’, rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO i.Or a i.lO i.Or a i.lO i.Or ai.lOi.Or ai.lOi.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
everyPastudent must
PaPdadgo and stand PaPdad in the P space provided
PaPdad for Friday.
a a l a a l a a l a a l a al a a a
PaPdad d
Pad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
Let us do
rg rg
ai.O salaala
g
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a as a s a a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g Today is Monday rg g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a
O
ai.O the days salsaai.lO
lsaai.lFind ai.O a l ai.lO
ai.Or Tomorrow a i.lO
lsais i.Or
aTuesday a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a a a s a s a a s a a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad Today
PaPdadis Friday PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Tomorrow is ______
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
63
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
5.2 "Marking the dates"
2019
APRIL
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg Sun rg rg Mon Tuerg rg Wed

.Org rg
Thu Fri rg rg Sat rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
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asa asa
asa a
5
a a asa
asa
PaPd6
s s s s s s
a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a
PaPd1ad
a a 2 PaPdad 3 4PaPdad
a a a
ad a a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai14
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ai.O 15asalsaai.lO
ai.O16 17
lsaai.lO
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a19 20 lai.O
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a as a
a a a s a
a a asasal
a a s a
a asaasa
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
rg rg rg rg 28rO g rg 29 rg30
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ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai. a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Using the Calendar, Answer the following questions.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a 1. Today's
a
PaPdad
s a
a date is ________________
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
asa
2. What will be day after tomorrow?

lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a 3. What a
PaPdadwas
s a
a day before
PaPdad yesterday?
asa
asa
l asa
PaPdad
asa
l a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
asa
4. What will be the date of next Friday?

lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a 5. How
PaPdmany
a
ad
s a
a days are
PaPdathere
ad
s a
a in this
PaPdmonth?
a
ad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
6. Month of March ends in day.

lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
7. what
PaPdawill
d be the P day?
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a saa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
i). 4 days after 11th April -

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
ii). 7addays before
PaPd
a
PaPd19
ad th April
a
– PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a ai.OActivity
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O BirthdaydaCalender
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
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sa lai.lO
rg rg
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rg rg
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rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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asa
lai
asa
asa asa
a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a
PaPad PaPad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Write downalathe
a lsaai.lO
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ai.Oi.lO rg rgbirthday
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rg all your .OrO
alai lai.
gfamily
rg members
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alai lai.
g rg and .Oanswer
rO
alai lai.
g rg it. .OrO
alai lai.
g rg
lai
asa a s a asasa asasa asasa asasa asasa asasa asaasa
Name Ordinal Day Ordinal Month Year
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a. Who is the oldest member of your family?
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
b. Who is the
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lai.O
ai.O
ryoungest?
g rg
ai.O lai.O
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a a asa l asa l a a a a asa
asa a s a asa asa as a a s a a s a a s a asa
PaPdad
c. What is the age difference between them?
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a s
d. When will
a
a
lsaai.lO
asa
lai.lyou
rg rg
ai.O
asa
ai.O celebrate
O rg rg
asa
asa
ai.O yoursa12
lai.lO
rg rg
a asal
ai.O birthday?
lai.O
th
rg rg
asa
lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
64
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg 5.3 Compute
rg rg gthe number
i.Or.Org
g of weeks
i.Or.Org
g in a year.
i.Or.Org
g
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la lai la lai la lai la lai lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a saa a saa asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
Thergcalendar
rg
shows
rg rg
daysrg of
rg
a weekrg rand
g
month
rg rg
of a year.
rg rg
We can rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
find the date of a particular day and a particular month from it.
a
asa asaasa a s a
a asaasa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a Activity
a
PaPdad
s a
a 1 a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
Look atasthe
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
asa
ai.Ocurrent
lai.lO
rg rg
asa
lai.year
asa
Org rg
lai.O calendar
asa
lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O andasaafill
lsaai.lO the table
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
Festival Month Date Day
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa Pongal
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
Teacher’s day
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad Children’s PaPdad day
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 1. Which PaPdafestival comes sooner PaPdfrom today?
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
d PaPdad ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
rg rg 2. ir.OgHow
lsaai.lO
rg many lsaai.lO
rdays/weeks
g rg
lsaai.lO
rgare
rg there lsaai.lO
yet
rg rg from latoday? g
i.Oir.Org lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.O a a a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O la ai.O ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
3. Which festival comes last?
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad 4. HowPamany months PaPdaare therePaPdin
ad between first and last
PaPdad festival Pof
asa a s a d a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
Pad d PaPdad aPdad PaPdad
rg rg
the year?
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
65
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg Activity
rg
Now let 2rg rg rgusg find how rg g many weeks rg g are there rg g in .OrOg rg
lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
aa Pyear.
PaPdad
s a s a
aPdaadas
a
ai.O
l aa a

a l
as as
PaPdad
aa a a
asas
PaPdad
l aa a a l
as as
PaPdad
aa a
asa
PaPdad
lai lai.
asa asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg
Fillrg gthe Boxes
rg g
using the rg g
Calender rg g
2019. rg g rg g rg g
r r r r r r r
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Sl No PaPda Name of Pthe Numbers of days
PaPdad in Numbers of weeks
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
d aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg
month
rg rg rg rg
the month
rg g rg rg
and days
rg g rg rg
r r
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 1 PaJanuary 31 weeks days
a a a a a a a
4 3
a d a a a a a a
lsaa2 February lsaai.28 ai.O 4 weeks days 0

rg rg rg rg g
i.Oir.Org rg rg Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O i.lO
ai.O salsaala lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.O lsaai.lO lai.O
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lai
a
as a a s a
a a a a s a
a a saa a s a
a asasal a asasal a asaasa
3 March 31 4 weeks days
3
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad 4 PaApril PaPdad 30 weeks days
asa as a d a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
Pad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lsaa5 May lsaai.l31 weeks days

rg rg rg rg g
i.Oir.Org rg rg rg rg rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O salaala a lsaai.lO
ai.O a
O
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O salaala salaala lai
asa a s a a as a s a a s a a s a a as a as asaasa
6 June 30 weeks days
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 7 PaJuly 31 weeks days
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
Pad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
8air.Og rg
lsaai.lO
August.OrO
alai lai.
g rg
alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
31
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
weeks days
.OrO
alai lai.
g rg .OrO
alai lai.
g rg
lai
asa a s a asasa a s a a s a a s a asasa asasa asaasa
9 September 30 weeks days
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 10 PaOctober 31 weeks days
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
Pad
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
11air.Og rg
lsaai.lO
November
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
30
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
weeks days
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a saa asaasa a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa a s a
a asaasa
12 December 31 weeks days
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a Total
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a 365 a
PaPdad
s a
a 48 weeks
a
PaPdad
saa 29 days asa
PaPdad
l la
asa asa
PaPdad
asa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
E XPaA
PadM P L E
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad 52 PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
1 week = 7 days
1 year = 365 days
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg 7i.OrO
g rg 365 rg rg rg g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.lO
1 year = l12 i.Or
amonths lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a asaasa a s a
a sa a
aPdaad=as52 a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad -35 PaPdad 1Pyear weeks PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g 15 rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O al a i.lO
a i.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a as a s a
-14PaPdad
a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Answer: 52 weeks in a year. 1
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
66
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg Let usi.Oir.Know
rg rg g
Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a a s a
Leap year occurs once in 4 years.
rg rg rg rg rg rg Org rg Org rg Org rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s There
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O are 366
salaala days din
adaadas
i. i.O
saa
laai.Leap
a aadas
lai.O year.
adaadas
i. i.O
salaala as a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PP PP PP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg
There are 52
rg rg rg rg
weeks and
rg rg
two daysrg rin
g
a Leap year.
rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a asaasa
rg rg rg Activity
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Mention the three term holidays in school.
alai.lO
asa
ai.O
as a lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s Dates
a lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a lsaai.lO
ai.O
a sNumber
a lsaai.lO
ai.O of a sa lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
Occasion
a a a a a a a
From to days
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
5.4 Correlate the number of days in a year with the number
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O of days
rg rg i.Oiin
salsaala
g rg
r.O eachsamonth.
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a a a a s a a s a as a a s a asa
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad In aPaleap
Pad year
d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
February has 29
rg rg rg gActivity rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a i.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a ai.O days Why?
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Complete lthe
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O ai.lO
rg rgtable. i.Or.O
ai.O la lai
g rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a asaasa asa
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
Months having 31 days Months having 30 days
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rgTry
rg Thisi.Oir.Og rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa a saa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
Find the months which have 30 days.

rg rg rg rg g g r rg r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
67
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg rg rg
Exercise
rg rg g r5.2
.OrO g rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
A. State True / False
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa 1) January is the fi rst month of the year.
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O2)
rg rg March i.Oir.Org is in abetween
salsaala
g
s lsaala
g
i.Oir.Org September
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org and
i.Oir.OrgNovember.
salsaala
g g
i.Oir.Org
salsaala a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a a a a a a a a a a s a asaasa
3) The last month of the year is July.
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
4) February has 30 days.
5) April ai.Ois thesasuccessive lsaamonth of lsamay.

rg r g rg rg rg gr rrg g r rg g r rg g rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa as a a s a a a a s a a s a a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad ad d
P Pa ad d
P Pa ad d P Pa ad d P Pa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg
B.
rg rg
Write
Org rg
the missing
Org rg
month
Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
1) June, __________, August, September.
rg rg rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
2) PaPdMarch,
ada
la a
asasal April,
asa
PaPdad
asa __________,
la la
asa
PaPdad
la la
asa __________.
asa
PaPdad
la la
asa asa
PaPdad
la la
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
3)
rg rg __________,
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
rOctober,
g rg
ai.O lai.lO
November.
rg rg
ai.O lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
5.5. Read clock time to the nearest hours and minutes.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
lsaIntroduction
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Barathidasan was born on 2nd May 2018. Can you tell the following
laquestions children?
a lai.lO
ai.O i.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asa
asa asa
asa asa
asa asa
asa asa
asa asa
asa a s a
a asaasa
Teacher: How old is Barathidasan?
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Student: PaPda______________________
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
rg rg Teacher: How many months old is he?
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Student: ______________________
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaTeacher: How many weeks old is he?
i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Student: ______________________
rg rg g r rg g g gr rg r rg r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Teacher: How many hours old is he?
lsaStudent: ______________________
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
68
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Time
Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
12
11 1
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
as a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 10
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
2
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad d d
PaPa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
as a
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 9 a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
3
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad adad
PP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
alai.lO
asa
rg r g
ai.O
as
PaPdad
a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
8
s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a 4
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
7 5dasaalsaai.lOair.Og rg
6
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Look at the clock. It has the numbers from 1 to 12 on its face
a a a a a a a
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O iti.Ohas
salsaala
rg g three
i.Or i.Oihands.
salsaala
g rg
r.O
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org
salsaala
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
salsaala lai
asa a a a a a a a a a a a a a a asaasa

a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a
a The Pshorter
lsaai.lO
ai.O i. i.O
salaala
aPdaadas handsasaasa is Hour
lai.lai.O
ashand.
a lai.lai.O
asa a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O Which
asaasa hand adaadsa
lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
asa
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PP PaPdad
moves faster?
rg rg
The longerrg hand
rg rg rg
is Minute‛s
rg rg
hand.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Red color hand is Second's hand.
a
asa a saa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Activity
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
asa
Students are given a blank clock and recording sheet. They draw asa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
hands
lsaai.lO
rg rg on their
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rgclock (hour
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg and minute)
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
andlaleave i.lO rg rg it on itheir
ai.O lsaa.lO
rg rg
ai.O
desk. lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a s a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad
Music begins PaPdad
and Pthe students dance around, moving from desk
aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O ato ai.desk.
lsaai.lO
g rg
rO When a ai.O the music
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.O stops,
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsstudents
aai.lO
rg rg
ai.O record
a lsaai.lO
rg rg whose
ai.O a ai.desk
lsaai.lO
g rg
rO they a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
stopped at and the time on their clock.
rg rg rg rg g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
alai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a (Teacher's
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
la lai.
asa note: asa
PaPdad
aThe
lsaalai.
teachers
asa
PaPdad
la lai.
asa should asa
PaPdad
amake
lsaalai.
clockasa
PaPdad
asasheetsadaadsa
la lai.
PP
la lai.
asa asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
rg rg
without hands
rg g rg g
as perrgthe g
numberof rg g
students rg g
in the class). rg g rg g
r r r r r r r
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
69
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
aWhat isasthe
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdaIt
d is 2’o clock.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a aa a s a
a a s a
PaPdad PaPdad time now?
PaPdad d d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
PaP 11a 12 1
10 2
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg 9 r g r3g rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a 4 a s a as a a s a asa
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P8aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
7 6 5
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Activity
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadHow many PaPdaminutes can
PaPdadyou takePato d do this P activities inPyour home.PaPdad
a
asa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
d Pad aPdad aPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a1. ai.Boiling
lsaai.lO
g rg
rO
1salslitreai.O water
aai.lO
rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lOair.Og2.
rg Filling a aia
lsaai.lO
r.O
Tub salsaai.lOair.Og rg
g rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a a s a a s a a s a a a a s a asaasa
3. Cleaning your bed room

lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Let us Know
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lai.lO lsaai.lO
a12
ai.O ai.O 12 ai.O ai.O alai lai. ai.O ai.O ai.O lai
11PaP12 PaPdad 1
a a a a a sa a asa
asa a
PaPdad
s a 11 PaPdad 1
a s a a
PaPdad
s a daadsas1a a
PaPdad
s a 11 asa a
PaPdad
s a
PaPdad
asa
10 2 10 2 10 2
rg rg 9rg rg 3rg rg rg9rg r3
g rg rg 9
rg rg r3g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad 8 PaPdad 4 PaPdad 8 PaPdad 4 PaPdad 8 PaPdad 4 PaPdad PaPdad
7 6 5 7 6 5 7 6 5
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg Quarter rg g past r12

g g rgHalf
g past .O12 rg rg rgQuarter
g torOg r1g rg rg
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70
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71
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INFORMATION
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colour pencils to write the name of each colour.
a a l a a a l a a a l a a a l a a al a a a a
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a
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pencil only once. One is done for you.
a lai.lO
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72
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Finding out all thePapossible ways of dressing, using
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a a saa a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg Redrg g colour i.Or.O g rg Pink colour rg g

Green
rg g
colour rg rg Blue colour rg rg rg rg
lai.lO i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lOi.Or lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
l
s
aa a
shirt a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaalai
as
PaPdad
a
ashirt
l
s
aa a
a
PaPdad
s a
a
l
s
aa a
shirt a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
shirt
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Greyalaacolour
i.lO rg rg
ai.O pant .OrO
alaai lai.
Blue
g rg colour .OrO
alaai lai.
gpant
rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a asas asas asas a s a a s a a s a asaasa
73
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
Do yourself
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.Osalaala
g
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a as a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
lsaai.l1. TEACHER Create ai.O 3 letter lsaaiwords using athe

i.Or givenalword
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g r rg gr rg g r rg g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a
O
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a
.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO aai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a as as a s a asa
asa
PaPdad PaPdad d
PaPad d
PaPad d PaPad d PaPad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg g
without "t" rg g
at the end. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a i.Or al a i.lO
ai.Or alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a as a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Tea Car
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2.
Create 5 letter words using the given letters only once.
a a a a a a a
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a A D a
PaPdad
s a
aE G a
PaPdad
sLa
a M aN
PaPdad
s a
a R Ta
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
ANGER MEDAL
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Try This
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
PaPdFrame a three
PaPdad letter Pword
aPdaadas ending with
daadsasa 't'.
l a l la sal ala al la lai
a
asa a s a
a asasal asa
asa as a a s a asa
asa
PaPdad ada PaP PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Exercise 6.1
a
a a saa a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad1. 9PaPdad 7 2 PaHow many possible ways
PaPdato
d write three digit PaPdad
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Pad
rg rg rg gnumber iwithout rg g repeating rg g theseOrnumbers? g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg

a lai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a i.Or a l a .lO
a i.Or a l a i.lO
a i.Or a lsaai.lai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
2. n a hotel, you have to choose a tiffin and a drink. Here is the
I
g list.
la laiTiffin Drink
rg rg i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O la lai la lai la lai salsaala
i la lai lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa a a asaasa a s a
a asaasa
Idly Tea
rg rg rg rg rg rg rPoori
g rg rg rg Coffeeai.Oir.O
g rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O l la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a a s a asaasa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad Dosai PaPdad Milk
rg rg rg rg rg rg Pongal
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a i.Or alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a s a as a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
List the possible combinations systematically.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
74
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3. Kavin has four cards 9 7 4 6
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a. L
ista
PaPdad
s down
a
a all 3-digit
a
PaPdad
s a
a numbersa
PaPdad
s a
a possible a
PaPdad
with
s a
a these a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
cards (without repetition).
ai.O b. What lsaai.lis
ai.Othe largest ai.O4-digit lodd ai.O number lsaathat can be i.made
Oir.O rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a
O
a lsaai.lO a aai.lO a i.lO
ai.O salsaala a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a s a s a a a a s a asa
asa
without repeating the numbers?
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 4.
a ai.O
lsaai.lO Theresaare
rg rg
ai.O6
sprinters(an
lsaai.lO
rg rg
alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O athletea ai.Owho runs
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsaai.lfast
O rg rg
ai.O in short a lsaai.lO race). In
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad adad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
how many different ways P3Pmedals(Gold, silver and bronze) be
rg rg g rgallocated?
.OrO g rg
.OrO .OrO g rg .OrO g rg .OrO g rg .OrO g rg .OrO g rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai lai. lai lai. lai lai. lai lai. lai lai. lai lai. lai lai. lai
as a asa
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa
6.2 Collect and represent data in the form of bar graphs.
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa
Bar Graphs
as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Amirtha
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O wasalaagiven
i.lO rg rg a taski.of
ai.O a ai.O maintaining
lsaalO
rg rg
a ai.O record
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a
forai.O stationery
i.lO
lsaa
rg rg
a ai.Oitems salsaai.lO
lsaai.lO
rg rg rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a s a s a a s a a s a a s a a a asaasa
in her home. She started counting one by one but after a while she
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
lost
lsaai.lO
rgher
ai.O
rg counting lsaai.lO
rg rgand worried.
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg Then her
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rgfriend Vani
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rgcame toi.Ohelp
ai.O
rg rg her. i.Or.O
lsaalai.O lsaalai
g rg
lai
a
PaPdadFirst she
a
PaPdgrouped
a
the
PaPdaitems.
a
Say,
PaPdadpencils, erasers,
a a
rulers,
PaPdad text books,
a a
ad d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg notebooks, rg rg magazines, rg rg sharpener. rg rg Then rg rAmirtha

g counted
rg rg and rwrote
g rg as i.Oir.Og rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lOai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O la la lai
asa s s s s s s asa asa asaasa
PaPdadfollows. PaPdad
lai.lO
ai.O aStationery
lsaai.lOi.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.Oi.O Stationery
lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a Numbers
asaasa
la a saa a s a
a Numbers
as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
PaPdad Items
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad Items PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg Pencils
g rg rg 4 rg rg Notebooksrg rg rg rg 10 rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O l a i.lO
a i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Erasers PaPdad2 PaPdad Sharpener PaPd1ad
a
asa a saa s a a saa a s a
a a saa a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
Rulers 2 Magazines 25
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lOi.Or
aText lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a s a
a books
a s a
a a 18
s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a asa
lai
asa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a Stationerya
PaPdad
saa as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
Magazines
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s aSharpener a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
Notebook
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O
Textbooks a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Rulers
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lOi.Or
aErasers a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Pencils
rg rg rg rg 0 rg rg 5 rg rg10 g rg
r15 20 rg rg 25 rg rg 30 lai.O rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.O
l lai
asa a s a a s a as a a s a a s a a s a asaasa asaasa
75
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a ai.OE X A M
lsaai.lO a P
lsa aLi.OE
i.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaaKalavathi
i.lO
ai.O collected
alsaai.lO
ai.O information
a lsaai.lO
ai.O about
a ai.O the favourite
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O drinks a aof
ai.O lai
asa
her schoolmates and represent the data given below.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O 80 lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad (i) The P number of coffee
PaPdad drinkersP_______
a
asa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
aPdad aPdad dad
70PaP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
60
rg rg (ii)rg Whichrg
has to g rbe
r.O g least drink g rg_________
r.O
50
g rg 40
a lai.lO
ai.O a i .
lsaala O i . O
a i .
lsaala Oi a i .
lsaala O i a i
lsaala. Oi a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a
30Padad s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad (iii) Which PaPdaddrink theyPalike d
Pad most? PaPad
d
P PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
20
10
lai.lO
rg r g
ai.O
(a) Coffee (b) Tea (c) Milk
i . Oi
r.Og rg
i . Oi
g rg
r.O i . Oi
g rg
r.O i .O i
g rg 0
r.O
ai.Oi.O
rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org lai
acoffee tea milkadadsaalsaala
a a
l la a
l la a l la a l la l la salaala
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa saasa adadas asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa
TryPaThis
PaPdad d
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a Draw
ai.O
a bar
a
PaPdad
s a
a diagram
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s for
a
a
ai.O
studentsa
PaPdad
s a
a using
ai.O
gas,
a
PaPdad
s a
a Kerosene
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
aand ai.O
fire a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
wood in their houses.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Exercise 6.2
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad1. Bar PaPddiagram ofPaPdaadstudentsPafirst term Pscores are Pgiven.
asa a s a a s a a s a d a s a a
aPdad
s a as
aPdad a a s a asa
ad Pad PaPdad PaPdad
100
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O90 a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
80
rg rg rg rg rg 70
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdad 60 PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Marks
50
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O40 a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
30
rg rg rg rg rg 20
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a i.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad 10
0
Tamil English Maths Science Social Science
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a l ai.lO
ai.Or a l a i.lO
a i.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a a s a s Subjects
a a s a s a a s a a s a asaasa
rg rg rg rg
a. Which
rg g
subject is the highest
rg g rg g
score ? rg rg rg rg rg rg
r r r
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a s as a s a s a s asaasa
b. Which subject is the lowest score ?
a a a a a a a
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O c. Which
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O subject aiis
lai.O
asasal
the same
g rg
r.O
ai.score
lai.O
asasal
g rg
rO
?asalsaai.lOair.Og rg a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
asa a s a a s a a a a a s a a s a asa
76
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2. The score card of the players in a cricket match is given.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Player Name Score
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Kannan.OrO
alai lai.
g rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 60 alai.lO rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asasa a s a asasa as a a s a asa
asa
Rohit PaPdad PaPdad
40 PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg rg rg Babu.OrO
g rg rg rg 50 rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai ai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa s a s a asasal s a s a s a s a asaasa
PaPdRamu Pa10
a a a a a a a a
PaPdad PaPdad ada PaPdad
a d
Pad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
Draw
lsaai.lO
rg rg a Bar idiagram.
ai.O a lsaa.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
rg r g 6.3 Representation
rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
ofi.Odata
rg g
i.Or
in Pie-Chart
g
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa as a asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
Special chart that uses "Pie Slices" to show relative sizes of
A
rg rg data g
i.Oir.Org
is called g Pie-Chart.
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rgEg X A M Pi.O LrgErg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg

a lai.lO
ai.O a la i.lO
a i.Or a l a l a i.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asas a asas a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Draw a pie – chart for rgthe given Answer g

rg rg rg rg grg rg r rg rg r rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a data. PaPdad
a s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
rg rg rgThere
rg arei.Oi60 rg rg students rgin
rg a class. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaala .O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.OPoori salsaai.lO
lsaai.lO ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Students PaPdad take breakfast in the
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a a a a s a
a asa
asa
restaurant. The half of the students Idly
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.leat
ai.O idly. sThe
O
a lsaai.lO remaining
ai.O a ahalf
lsaai.lOi.Or of thea lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
students eat poori and half of the Dosai
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
students
lai.O
rg rg
ai.O
eat
lai.O
rgDosai.
ai.O
rg
lai.O
rg rg
ai.O lai.O
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a asa l asa l asa l asa l a a a asa
asa asa asa asa asa a s a a s a a s a asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Try This
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Answer the following questions by using given data.
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O .1.
OrO g rg Number .OrO g rof
g people .OrO who
g rg speak .OrTamil
g
Org _______.
.OrO g rg .OrO g rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
asa asas alaai lai. alaai lai.
asas alaai lai.asas alaai lai. alaai lai.
asas alaai lai. as as asas a s a
a asa
lai
asa
2. Number of people who speak English ______.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 3. Number of Ppeople who Pspeak Malayalam _______.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad aPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg 4. rg rg Number g of people
i.Oir.Org
who speaki.Oir.Telugu
g
i.Oir.Org
g
Org
_______.g
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a a saa asaasa
77
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad Malayalam PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
20
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a Telugu a
PaPdad
s a
a Tamil a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
10 50
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a English
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
20
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg r g rgActivities
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1. Draw a pie – chart for family Budget of food, bus fare and other
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO expenses.
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
PaPdad ad d PaPdad PaPdad ad d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
2. DrawP aPapie - chart for favourite fruits PofPayour friends.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Exercise 6.3
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad1. Write PaPdad down the PaPdapercentage PaPdaof Content PaPdadin humanPabody from Pthe
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a saa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
d d d aPdad PaPdad
Pad
given pie – chart.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
Other
16%
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a i
lsaala. Oi a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad Padad ad d
WaterP Pa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Protein P
24% 60%
rg rg rg rg rg rg r g r g r g r g rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lOai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2. The number of varieties of ice creams in an ice creame parlour
PaPdadis
rg rg
given below
rg rg rg rg
as a pie -rgchart.
rg
Answer
rg rg
the following
rg rg
questions.
rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a ai.O Pista salsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a 30Padad
a a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Venila
50
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a as
Chocolate a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
20
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
78
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg
1. How manyrg varieties
rg rg rg
of
rg rg
Ice creams
rg rg
are there?
rg rg
_____. rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a saa asaasa
PaPdad 2. Find the number of Venila Ice creams ______.
a3.
i.Or Find the atotal number ai.Oof Chocolate ai.O and Pista Ice cream_______.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO alsaai.lOi.Or a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
4. Find the total number of Ice creams _______.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3. In a class of 30 children, absentees record was presented in a
rg rg .OrO g rggraph. .Org rg .OrO g rg .OrO g rg .OrO g rg .OrO g rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O alai lai. alai lai.
O
alai lai. alai lai. alai lai. alai lai. a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a asasa asasa asasa asasa asasa asasa a s a asaasa
25
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Number of Absentees
a
asa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
20
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a 15 a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
rg rg rg rg 10 rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
5
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lOai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad P
0P
adad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
January to march April to June July to September October to December
rg rg rg rg rg r g rg r g r g r g rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O
lsaMonths a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a a s a as a a s a asa
asa
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa 1.
ai.O
I n which
a
PaPdad
saa month
ai.O
athere
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
are more
a
PaPdad
saa absentees?
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
Can you
a
PaPdad
saa guess
ai.O
thea
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
reasons?
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a 2. In Pwhich
a
aPdad
s a
a month PaPdathere
ad
s a
a are
PaPdless
a
ad
s a
a absentees? a
PaPdad
s a
a Discuss
PaPdad the reasons.
a saa a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
rg rg 4. rg gDraw a pie-chart rg g for rg the

g favourite rg g sweets rgofg your family rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lOi.Or i.lOi.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
members.
a a l a a a l a a a l a a a l a a al a a a a
rg rg 5. rg rgCollect information rg rg about

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classmates. Draw
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PaPdad same data.
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SCIENCE
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FIRST TERM
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Unit Topic Page No
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2 Matter and Materials
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3 Work and Energy 103
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After learning this lesson, the students will be able to
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 list the main functions of the internal organs
rg r g rg rg  adifferentiate
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rg of teeth rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
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rg rg rg rg  becomerg rg aware of rgood

g rg touch and rgbad
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There are somegbody parts hidden in the table below. Can you spot them?
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PaPdadI. Internal PaPdad organs PaPdad
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There are some body parts we can see such us eyes, nose, ears, hands and legs PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
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1.Brain
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Brain is an important organ of our body and it PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
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ai.O a lsaai.lO ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdhelps
ad aPdad
us toPthink PaPdad various Pactions.
and perform aPdad
Every PaPdaction
ad aPdad
that Pwe do like moving PaPdad our PaPdad
hands,gsitting or walking is possible only because of our brain.

rg r g r rg g r rg g r rg g r rg g r rg g r rg g r rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsThe ai.Ohuman brain
aai.lO a ai.Oweighs about
lsaai.lO a ai.O1.3 kg. salsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a a a s a a s a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Try to Answer
rg rg 1. ___________
rg rg rg (rgNose / Brain) rg rg is an internal
i.Oir.Org organ.
g rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a asaasa a saa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
2. We can see the internal body parts ( True / False).
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
Let us Play
rg rg g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
adMemory Chain
adaada-s A Brain aGame
daadsasa (Teacher
adaadled
asa activity)
la ai salaala
i ala lai la lai salaala
i
a
asa asasal sa
adaadas a sa a s a asaasa
PP ada PP PP PP PP PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
How to play?
lai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa 1.
asa
Padad
aMake
lsala
students
asa
Padad
asato sit inaa
l la
acircle.
sa
P dad
l la
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
P P P
2. Place a tray with picture cards of different body parts and an empty tray.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPd3.
ad Now askPa aPdastudent toPpick
aPdad a card and PaPdadname the Pbody aPdad part and PaPdput
ad the card PaPdin
ad the
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
d PaPdad
other tray.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
83
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
4. Call the next student. Ask him to pick another card and name the first and the
second card.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa
PaPd5.
ad Next student PaPdad picks a card PaPdadand tells the PaPdadname of the
PaPdfi
adrst two cards
PaPdad and the new PaPdacard.
d PaPdad
rg rg 6. InOthe g same way, rgallg the students rg g take thei.O cards

rg g one by i.one rg gand tell the rgnames in the rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O a i.lair.Org a i.lO i.Or a i.lO i.Or a i.Or a O i.Or a i.lO i.Or
g
lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
previous cards and the name of the new card also.
a a l al a a l a a l l a a l l a al a a
asa a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a as a s a a s a asa
asa
ai.O 2. Lungs
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Lungs are a pair of spongy, sac-like organs
a lai.lO
ai.O located
a ai.O in the schest.
lsaai.lO a ai.O They help
lsaai.lO a aus
lsaai.lOi.Orto breath.a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
as a a s a a a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
• When we breath in, we take in oxygen from air
rg r g through
rg rg the nose rg rand
g pass ait to
rg rgthe lungs.i.OThe rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad lungs expands (becomes PaPdabig) in thePposition.
PaPdad d aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg • When rg rg we breath rgout,

rg we give rout
g rg carbon dioxide rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad from the PaPdlungs through PaPdathe nose into PaPdathe air. PaPdad
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
ad d d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
The lungs contract (becomes small) in the
rg rg position.
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Let lus
ai.lO
rgPlay
ai.O
rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a asaasa a s a
a a saa a saa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
rg rg Biggerrg rand
g smallerrg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa asasal s a s a sa s a s a s a asa
asa
PaPd(Teacher gives
PaPdad balloons to PaPdall
ad the children)
a a a a a a
ada a a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
rg rg Teacher
rg rg : Blow the
rg rgballoon... What
rg rg do you see?
lai.lO
ai.O lai.O
ai.O .O O
alsaai lai. i.Oi.O
salaala lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa asasal daadsabecomes asaasa s a sa s a asaasa
PaPdStudents :PaPIt Pbigger.
aPdaadas a a a
ada PaPdad PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
rg rg
Teacher rg g
: Like this, rg g
when we breath rg g
in, therglungs g
becomerg bigger. g
If you rg g
let the airrg g
lai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O
r
a
asa a
adad
s a
a
l
s
aa a out
a
adad
s a
a
l
s
a
from
a a the balloon,
a
adad
s a
a
ls
aa a what will
a
adad
s a
a
l
s
a
happen?
a a
a
adad
s a
a
l
s
aa a
a
adad
saa
ls
aa a
a
adad
s a
a asa
lai
asa
PP PP PP PP PP PP PP PaPdad
Students : The balloon becomes small.
rg rg g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg
g
i.OrOrg rg rg
lai.lO Teacher : aYes, lsaai.lO
dadsasalike this,adwhen
asa we breathsalout
a ai.O salaala
i. ala lai. la lai. aalai. air, the slungs
alaalai. become smaller.
laalai. ai.O lai
asa adadas adsa adadas adadas
sa
adadas a s a
a asaasa
P Pa P Pa P Pa P Pa P Pa P Pa PaPdad PaPdad
The lungs act like two balloons inside our chest. As we draw air into the breathing
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O system,
a ai.O the lungs
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a aget
lsaai.lOi.Or biggeralaas
rg g i.lO rgthey
ai.O
rg are afi lsaailled
ai.O with air.
.lO rg rg
a lsaai.When
Org rg you breath
lai.O a ai.O out, air
lsaai.lO
rg rg
alsaaiis
.lO rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a s a a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdpushed
ad outPof
aPdadthe lungs and PaPdadthey get smaller. PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
asa
3. Stomach asa
a s a a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a
lsaaiStomach is alai‘J‛
rg rg rg rg rgshaped
rg bag found
rg rg belowlai.the Org rglungs. Itlabreaks rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a
.lO
ai.O a
.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa s s s a s s s a s s a s s asaasa
PaPddown food items
PaPdad and gives PaPdus
ad energy. It PaPdcontains special
PaPdad juice to PaPdad
ad ad PaPdad PaPdad
breakdown food into energy.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
84
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg 4.Heart
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Our heart is the pumping organ. It
rg rg pumps rgblood
rg to alli.O parts
rg rg of the body. rg rg It lies i.Or.O g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaalai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdin
ad betweenPthe aPdad lungs almost PaPdad in the centre
of the chest. It is made up of muscles.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
More to know
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
as a a
PaPdad
s a
a The
asa
Padad
asaheart beats
l la
asa
Padad
asabout
l ala
72Patimes
daadsasa in a minute.
al la asa
Padad
l la
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
P P P P
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Let us Make
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Stethoscope
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
Things we need: Flexible tube, Small funnel,
rg rg Duct
g rg tape, Medium-size
.OrO g rg
.OrO
balloon
g rgand Scissor
.OrO g rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad
Steps to construct: PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg 1. ir.O
g rPut
g the small rg rend
g of thei.Ofunnelrg rg at both rends
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
a a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaalai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
of the asa
PaPdadflexible tube PaPdadtightly.
2. Tape the funnel and the tube using duct
a lai.lO
ai.O a ai.O tape. salsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a asa
asa
3. Inflate the balloon to stretch it out.
rg rg 4.ir.O
g rLet
g the air rout
g rg and then
i.Oircut
g
.Org
the neck g
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
a a lsaai.lO
ai.O la la la la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
of the asa asa a a a asa
PaPdadballoon.
asa a s a a s a asa asa a s a a s a a s a asa
5. Stretch the remaining part of the
rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
ai.O balloonsatightly overasthe ai.open end lsof
rO
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a aai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad aPdad PaPdad adad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
thePfunnel, tape it in place. P P
rg rg 6. rg Place
g the .funnel rg g end of.Othe rg rg stethoscope
.Org rg
on the heart
.Org rg
and the other
.Org rg
funnel rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O l a i.lO i.Or l a i lO i.Or lsaai lai.O lai lai.O lai lai.O lai lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
near your ear.
a a a a a a
asa a s a s a a s a s a a s a asaasa asaasa asa
asa a s a
a asaasa
7. Can you listen to the sound of the heart?
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg g
i.Oir.Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a 5. Kidneys
asa
PaPdad
la la
asa as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaaiWeai.O have two
.lO
a lsaaikidneys.
.lO
ai.O They a aare
lsaai.lO i.Or bean shaped
a ai.O organs.salsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a as a a a a s a a s a asaasa
The kidneys purify blood by filtering excess water
rg rg and i.toxins.
g rg
Oir.O g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
a lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
85
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Try to Answer
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lMatch
O
ai.O the a lsfollowing.
aai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1. Pair of spongy sac - Stomach
lsaai.l2.
ai.O‘J‛ shapedlaibag -alsaai.lO
ai.O Kidney
r
lai.lO
ai.O O .O
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a saa asasal
a a s a
a a s a a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
3. Filters excess water - Brain
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.l4.
ai.OCommand
O
alsacentre
i.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O -alsaai.lO
ai.O Heartsalsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a as a a a s a a s a a a a s a a s a asaasa
5. Pumps blood - Lungs
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
More to know
rg r g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg Org rg Org rg
lai.lO lsaai.lO i.lO
lsaaExactly half i.lO
lsaaof lsaai.lO
ai.Oa single skidney ai.O is capable lsaai.lO of doing
dadsathe
alsaai lai. job that
dadsais
ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O . O . O
a
asa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a aa a s a
a alsaai lai. asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPa PaPa PaPdad
performed by two kidneys together.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
6. Bones and Muscles
rg rg rg rg rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
g
i.Oir.Org
g
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a Our
asa asabody is made
la la
asa asa up of bones
la la
asa
la la
asa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
and muscles. Press your upper
rg rg rg rg rg rg arms. The rgportion
rg that rgfeel
rg hard i.Oir.O g rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaala alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a toPtouch
a s a is the Pbone.
aPdad The portion
a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
that feels soft to touch is the
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O .O O muscle.lai.lO
rg r g g rg
rO .OrO g rg .OrOg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
asa a s a
a alai lai.
asasa asasaa ai. alai lai.
asasa alai lai.
asasa as a
a a s a
a asa
lai
asa
The bones give us shape.
rg rg rg rg rg g They arei.Othe rg g frame for rgour
g body Org rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O a i.lO i.Or a i.Or a i.lO i.Or lai.lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
and allow
asas us to jump, asas run or just
a a a l a a l la a l a
asa a s a asas a a a asaasa a saa a s a
a asaasa
lie down. Bones also protect the
rg rg rg rg rg rginternal parts rg rg of the body. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.O
l ai.O l lai.O ai.O lai.O lai.O lai.Oai.O l lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa a saa a s a
a asaasa
Muscles are the soft parts that
rg rg rg rg rg g
cover our rbones. g g They help rg g
us to rg g rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lOi.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O
r
lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a saa a s a
a
l
s
aa a move adifferent
s a
a
l
s
aa a parts
a saa
ls
aaofa our bodyas a
a a saa a s a
a asa
lai
asa
by tightening or loosing, like a
rg rg rg rg g rubber band. g g g rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O la laii.Or.Org i.Or.Org
ala lai i.Or.Org
la lai i.Or.Org
la la i lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa daadsasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad In order
PaP to maintain healthy
bones we need to have healthy

rg rg rg rg g rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
i .
lsaalaOi food, as such
a
a
ai.O as milk,
lsaai.lO
a s a
a
lsaaicheese
.lO
ai.O and
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
eggs.P For strong muscles, we need
rg rg rg rg rg rgto exerciserg and rg
stay active. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
86
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg Babies
lsaai.lO
rg rg are born
lsaai.lO
rwith
g rg 300 bones
lsaai.lO
rg rgbut by
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
asa
PaPdad adulthood PaPdthe
ad numberPais Pareduced toPa206.
PaPdad d d d
Pad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
Amazing Fact
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a 17 muscles a
PaPdad
are
s a
a functioning a
PaPdad
s a
a while smiling
a
PaPdad
s a
a and 43 a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
while frowning.
lsaaSo ai.Osmile and lsaaisave energy!
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg i.Oir.Org
g rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a i.lO a
.lO
ai.O salsaala a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a a s a a s a a a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
lai.lO
rg r g
lsaai.lO
rg rg Let us rTake
g rg
lai.Oi.O
care rg rg
lai.Oi.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.O a ai.O l a l a ai.O ai.O ai.O ai.O lai
asa as a asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
rg rg rg rgIf you care rgfor

rg your, i.Oir.O g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa Brain a
PaPdad
s a
a
PaPda-d Sleep forPaeight
a s a
a d a
Pad
s a
a hours PaPdad
a s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
asa
Heart - Avoid fatty food
rg rg rg rgStomach i.Or.O - Eat
g rg rghealthy
rg food rgon
rg time rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Kidney PaPda-d Drink more PaPdawater
PaPdad PaPdad d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Bone and Muscles - Exercise regularly
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg g rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a aiThe
lsaai.lO human a lsaai.lbody
O
ai.O hasdasmore
a lai.lOai.Othan 600 laimuscles.
.lO
ai.O lai.lO ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a asa asa asa asa asa a s a
a asa
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
The longest bone is thigh bone.
rg rg rg rg The
rg rg smallest rgbone
rg is stapes rg rg in ear. i.Or.O g rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
The longest musclePaPdisad in the thigh.
a
a a saa a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaLet
Pad us Do PaPad
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad d d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rgMuscle
g Activity: rg g How our rg muscles
g send rg ginformation rg to
g our brain? rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a i.Or a l a i.lO
a i.Or a l a i.lO
a i.Or a l ai.lO
ai.Or al ai.lO
ai.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdadThings we PaPneed: 2 large
PaPdaplastic cups,
PaPdLarge bag of PaPdrice
ad or beans.
asa a s a s a a
dads a s a a s a s a a s a s a as a s a a s a a s a asa
d ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Activity
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
• laiBlindfold
.lO rg rg
ai.O
your lsaai.lO
partner
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
PaPdad• Have your PaPdadpartner hold PaPdadone cup in Peach aPdad hand. PaPdad
a a a a a a a
• Take the cups back and add a small amount of beans or rice to
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaaione
ai.O cup. salsaai.lO
.lO ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
• Return the cups to your partner‛s hands. Ask him whether they
rg rg weighrg g more. i.Or.O g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O l a i.lO i.Or lsaalai lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lOai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
• If your partner says one is heavier, ask him which one?
a a a a a a a a a
asa a s a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
• Here we understand that weight difference felt by the muscles was sent to the
laibrain
rg rg rg rg as message. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O .lO
ai.O lai.lO ai.O lai.lO ai.O lai.lO ai.O lai.lO ai.O lai.lO ai.O lai.lO ai.O lai
asa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa
87
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
II. External organs
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
1. Teeth and its Types
rg rg rg rg rg g g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
lai.lO
ai.O .lO
ai.O teeth sare
lsaaiThe lsaai.lOi.Or
athe lai
a
asa a saa hardest
a aaasaasa parts inadour
la lai
asbody.
asa
laalai They asare
aasa helpfuladfor
la lai
asacutting and
asa
la lai
asa
la lai
asa asa
asa
PaPdad PaPdad
PaPdad P Pad PaPdad P Pad PaPdad PaPdad
chewing the food. The teeth are found inside our mouth.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
We
s a
a develop two
as
PaPdad
a
a sets ofPateeth
daadsasa in our Plifetime.
al la sal ala
adaadas a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
P P
1. Milk teeth: The first set of teeth starts to develop from the age of
rg rg rg g g rg
rO rg rg rg g g rg
rO rg rg rg rg
lai.lO lsaai.lOi.Or lsaai.lO i.lO lsaai.lO i.Or i.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
as a
ai.O
a six
s a
a
amonths. They
a s a
a
ai.are called
a s a
a
lsamilk
a ai.O teeth and
a saa
athey are 20
a s a
a
lsaain ai.number.
a At
s a
a
ai.O
a s a
a
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
the age of 6 or 7 the second set of teeth grow after milk teeth fall.
rg r g rg rg
2. aiPermanent lsaaTeeth: Second ai.set of teeth aiare calledsapermanent
g rg
r.O rg rg g rg
rO g
r.Org g
r rg r rg g
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a a a s a asaasa
teeth. There are four types of teeth: Incisors, Canines, Premolars
rg rg rg rg and rgMolars.
g If permanent rg g teeth rg gfall, we cannot rg g grow one more
rg g set .Org rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a i.Or a l a i.lO
a i.Or a l a i.lO
a i.Or a l a i.lO
ai.Or a l a i.lO
a i.Or alai lai.
O lai
asa
PaPdad of teeth.Pa So,
daadsait
asa a s a asas a s is important
a daadsas to takePcare
a daadsas of our teeth.
a daadsas There are
a daadsasa asa
PaPdad P P aP aP P aP P aP PaPdad
32 permanent teeth.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2. Importance of Oral Health
rO g rg
r.O rg g g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
lai.lO
ai.O .lO
lsaaiAsai.O we learnt, O
lsaai.lit
ai.Ois important lsaai.lO
ai.to lsaai.lO lsaai.lOi.Or lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a also take
aour
sa care
asa mouth. If
la lai
a saa
aiof
asyou
a la lai
asa our teeth
a saa
aand
asaasa
do not care of your mouth and teeth,you will have problems with eating and speaking.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3. Healthy Mouth
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
lsaaiIt
rgis
important rgto
rg take care rof
g rgour teeth.Oand
lsaai lai.O mouth. lsaaBrushing teeth,
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg reating
g rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a
.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
healthy food
PaPdad PaPdand
ad regularPdental aPdad
checkup PaPdakeep us healthy.
PaPdad We should PaPdadbrush ourPa teeth
d d PaPdad
Pad
twice a day.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
4. Foods for Healthy Mouth and Teeth
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s •
a
a Take plenty
a
PaPdad
saa of fruits,
asa
PaPdad
l la
asa a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
vegetables and dairy
rg rg rg rg rg rg
products.
r
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad • Drink PaPdwater or PaPdmilk
PaPdad PaPdad ad ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
instead of sugary juices.
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g g rg
.OrO g rg
.OrO rg rg rg rg
lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lOi.Or lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a s a
a
ai.O
a s a
a
ai.O
as •
a
a
aEatcandy,
asaasacake and
lai lai.
asice
a lai lai.
asa a s a
a
ai.O
a s a
a
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
cream as less as possible.
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
88
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
5. Taking Care of Mouth and Teeth
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
• Change toothbrush once in every three months.
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O •alsaai.lO
aAvoid
rg g
i.Or sticky alsaai.food.
Org rg
lai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa
• Brush twice a day. (After getting up and before going to bed)
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O •alai.lO
aRinse
rg g your mouth
i.Or a ai.O with water
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.Oevery time
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a aiafter
lsaai.lO
g rg
r.O you aeat.
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a ai.O6. Neem
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lOi.Or
aToothbrush a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg r g
Researchers
rg g
believe
rg g
that usergof g
neem rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO i.Or ai.lOi.Or a i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
toothbrushes is the reason behind the bright
a a l a a l a a l a a a a a
asa as a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
smiles and healthy teeth of Indian villagers.
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Indians
a ai.O traditionally
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.O chew neem
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a aitwigs
lsaai.lO
g rg
r.O
to keepa lsaai.lO their salaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a a s a s a a s a asaasa
gums and teeth healthy. P P
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Try to Answer
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Tick
a ai.O() thesafoods
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O that are
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a agood
lsaai.lO
rg g for your
i.Or a ai.Oteeth and
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa s s s s s s asaasa
PaPdadcross (x)Pathe
a a a a a a a
Pad food that PaPdaare bad forPaPdayour teeth.
a a a a a a a
PaPdad PaPdad d d d PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
89
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
III. Good Touch, Bad Touch and Don‛t Touch
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Try to Answer Is it Good touch or Bad touch? Why?
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
A
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O B lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
as a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
“Good touch” and “Bad touch” are the words most commonly used to explain what
lai.lO
rg r g
ai.O
touchlsaai.lO
rgis
ai.O
rg okay andi.Oiwhat
lsaala .O
rg rg is notlai.lokay. O rg rg This helps
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rgus to understand
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
when lsaai.lO
to
rg rgtell a safe
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa as aa a s a
a a s a
a s a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdperson
ad aboutPaPdabad
d
touch PandaPdad
ask for help. PaPdad“Good touch” PaPdad is a touchPathat Pad cares for
d PaPdaus
d
or PaPdad
rg rg
makesrgus g
feel safe. rg“Bad g
touch” is rg g
any touch that rg g
we don‛t want rg g
or makes rus g g
feel scare.rg g
lai.lO
ai.O i.lOi.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lOi.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lOai.O
r
lai
Let us learn how to keep ourself safe.
a a l a a a l a a a l a a a l a a al a a a l a a a
asa a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a asaasa
Padad
P Padad
P Padad
P PadadP Padad P Padad P Padad P PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a ai.O Activities
lsaai.lO a airelated
lsaai.lO to a lsaaGood
i.lO
ai.O Touch: .O O
alai lai. a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a dasasa a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPad PaPdad PaPdad
• Parents‛ hug and kisses.
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O • Father
salaala pats you
i
son
alaathe
lai head. asalsaalai a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a adaadas adaadas adada a s a asaasa
• Friendly hugs by family members.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.Oi.O lai.Oi.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a • Shaking
asa
PaPdad
asa hands.
la asa
PaPdad
asa
la as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad Activities PaPdrelated to bad
PaPdad touch:
ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
• Touching the buttocks and other private g

rg rg rg g grg rg r rg r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lOi.Or
aparts. a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
• Hitting, slapping, spitting, pushing or
rg rg punching,
rg rg kissing.
lai.lO
ai.O l la ai.Oi.O l la ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O l a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa asa
asa asa
asa asasal a sa as a a sa a s a asaasa
PaPdad • Activities
PaPdad that make
PaPdyou
ada feel scared
PaPdad or
a a a a
nervous or ashamed.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s •
a
a Dirty talka
PaPdad
s a
aand dirty pictures.
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a
MY
lsaai.lO
rgBODY
ai.O
rg ISalaaMY ai.O OWN. sI
i.lO rg rg
a lsanever
i.lO rg rg
ai.O allow others
.OrO
alaai lai.
g rg
to a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a s a a a as as a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad misuse it.PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Never
lsaai.lO
rg rg be afraid
ai.O lsaai.lO
to
rg rgshout andi.Osay
ai.O
rg rg “Don‛t touch
lsaalai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa s a s a sa s a s a s a s a asaasa
PaPdad me”.
rg rg rg rg Iti.Ois rg rnever
g youri.Ofault.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaalai.O alsaalai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
90
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
If you receive a bad touch, you must
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
SayP“Don‛t touch”PaPdad PaPdad the spot PaPdad Tell elders
Leave PaPdad(like parents PaPdador
PaPdad aPdad PaPdad
in a loud voice. quickly. teacher) till you get help.
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Students must be taught that offenders might resort to the fol-

lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO “Dirty Tricks”
ai.O ai.O ai.O O
lsaai.llowing
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
PaPdad ad d
P Pa ad d P Pa ad d P Pa ad d ad d
P Pa P Pa PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
P•aPdYour mother PaPdis
ad admittedPain Padthe hospital. PaPdad So, I have
PaPdad ad d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
come to take you there.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a • Could
asa
PaPdad
asa you please
l la
asa
PaPdad
asaaccompany
l la
asa
PaPdad
ame
lsala
and guide
asa
PaPdad
asame to reach
l la
asa
PaPdad
l la
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
this address?
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O • dTempting
asa
lai.lai.O
asa youdawith
asa gifts or
sa lai.lai.O money.
dasasa
. O
alai lai. a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
as a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPad PaPad PaPad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
• Distracting you with the promise of sweets or food.
rg rg rg rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg rg rg
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O • Offering
asa
lai.lai.O to play
asa asaasa‘doctor agame‛
lai.lai.O
asaasa and ‘hide
lai.lai.O
asaaand
lsaai.lai.Oseek‛ game
asa
lai.lai.O
asa a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P Pdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
trying to touch you under that pretext.
rg rg rg rg
• Pretending to show i.Oir.Ogreat concern
i.Oir.Orgfor you.
g g g g rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O i.Oir.Org rg i.Oir.Org lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a salsaala
a a salsaala a a salsaala salsaala
a a a a a saa a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a ai.O Safety
lsaai.lO a lsaatips
ai.O every schild
i.lO a ai.O should sknow:
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a a a a a s a a s a asaasa
• Tell everything to your parents especially to mother.
rg rg rg rg rg rg • Don‛ti.O share
rg rg address rand
g rg phone numbers rg rg withlaistrangers.
rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a
.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a s a s a s s a a s asaasa
• PaDon‛t
a
answerPathe
Pad phone orPaopen
a
Pad the door
a
PaPdwithout
a
an PaPdad
a
PaPdad PaPdad d
Pad
d d ad PaPdad
adult‛s presence.
r.O g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O • Never a lsaai.lO
aieat anything
salaalayou get dfrom
i
salaalastrangers.
i
salaala
i a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a adaadas a aadas adaadas a s a asaasa
• Have emergency telephone number.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
91
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg For
rg rg teacheri.O/r.O
g rparents:
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a a s a
a a s a
PaPdad How to prevent sexual abuse and what are the signs of
sexual abuse?
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
saa • Behavioura
PaPdad
s a
a of the child
a
dad
PaP
s a
a to be watched.
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
• Depressed and withdrawn from their peer group.

lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a • Moving
as
PaPdad
a
a away
from
PaPdad a particular
asa
asa
l
PaPdadindividual,PaPdexcessive
asa
asa
l asasal
ada
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
dependence, decline in learning and dominant behaviour.
a lai.lO
ai.O a ai•.O Self-destructive
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O behaviour.
a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
• Internet can cause adverse impact.
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg rg rg g
i.Or.Org rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa Try
ai.O
toPadAnswer
ada
la ai
asasal a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
P
Look at the pictures and write ‘Good Touch‛ or ‘Bad Touch‛.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
92
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Evaluation
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad
I PaPdad
Pick out the odd one. PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lsa1ai..lO
ai.heart, legs, abrain, kidney
rg rg g rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a alsaai.lO i.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
2. eyes, ears, fingers, lungs
lsa3. ai.fore brain, lsaai.mid

Org rgbrain, hind ai.brain, nerves
rg rg g rg
rO g rg
rO rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO a lai.O alsaai.lO alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
II Complete the figure with words given in the bracket.
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
PaPdad
a
(Kissing
PaPdadon the mouth,
a a
PaPdad Grand parents‛
a a
PaPdad love, Hitting
a a
PaPdad the buttocks,
a a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
rg r g
Pat of dad onrghead,
rg rg g
Parent‛s hug and kisses,
rg g rg g
Showing awkward
rg g
pictures)
rg g rg rg
r r r r r
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O Tsalaalai. alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a adadas a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P Pa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
o
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.O Good salsaai.lO
lsaai.lO ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaBad
i.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
a u
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
c
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdahd
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a saa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
III Find the answers from the following clues and circle the words.
rg rg r(First
g rg one isi.O done
rg rg for you)i.Or.O
g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaalai.O la lai lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asaasa a saa a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
i. An internal organ.
lai.lO
rg rg ii. ir.Organ
lsaai.lO
g rg that helps
lsaai.lO
rg rg us to breath.
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.O a a O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O lai
PaPdad iii. An organ PaPdad removingPwastes from Pour
aPdad body.
a a aPdad a a a a a
iv. Unfair and unhealthy touch.

rg rg g rg
rO g rg
rO rg g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O i.lO
lsav. ai.Everyday lsaai.lO lsaai.lOi.Or lsaai.lOai.O lsaai.lOai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa a
adad
s a
a a a
adad
s a
awe ai.should drink
a
adad
s a
a
amore ____________.
a
adad
saa a
adad
s aa a saa a s a
a asa
lai
asa
PP PP PP PP PP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
H B O U V L S W
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
C E PaPdad
R B PaPdad
R U M PaPdad A PaPdad
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O A lai.lOi.Y
g rg
rO A lsaai.lW
O rg rg
ai.O Q lsaN ai.O O
i.lO rg rg Tlai.lO rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a sasa a
a a a s a
a a s a
a a a s a
a s a asaasa
P D C R A G U E
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg Org rg Org rg Org rg Org rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O O lai.lai.X
O
Y asaalsaai.laUi.O T asaalsaaSi.lai.O T Rlsaai.lai.O lai
asa a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad adad
PP PaPdad PaPdad
K I D N E Y H Z
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg OrOg rg Org rg rg rg Org rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O Basaalsaai.lai.A D asaalsaai.laTi.O i.lO
O asaalsaU ai.O C aHlsaai.lai.O lai
asa a s a a s a as a a a s a asaasa
93
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad
IV PaPdad
Say true or false. PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg 1. ir.Head,
g rg handai.and rg rglegs are internal rg rg organs. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
a O a lsalO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdad
2. Heart is made up of muscles. PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg 3. rMuscles
g rg are.Othe rg rg soft parts rgthat
rg cover .O our
rg rgbones. rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai lai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai lai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad 4. Brush your teeth oncePaPdad a day.
a dad a a a a a a
PaP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg
5. rFather
g g patting rg g
you on yourrghead g is a good rg g
touch. rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
a i.Or al a i.lO
ai.Or al ai.lO
ai.Or al a i.lO
a i.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a s a as a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
V Choose the correct answer.
rg rg 1. ir.____________
g rg rg rg is the commanding
rg rg centrerg rg of our body. rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
a O a lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O
l la ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O
l la l la lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a a s a asaasa asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
a) Heart b) Lungs c) Kidney d) Brain
lsa2. ai.Food is converted to energy ai.O in the ____________.

rg r g g rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa as a a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
a) neck b) heart c) stomach d) nose
lsa3. ai.Every day lsawe should brush our teeth lsa____________ ai.Otimes. salsaai.lO
rO
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a s a a a s a a s a a a s a a a a s a asaasa
a) one b) two c) three d) four
rg rg g rg
lai.lO i.lO
lsa4. ai.Good lsaai.lO i.Or .lO lsaai.lO
ai.Otouch. salsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a s a
a a touch
a s a
a is
a a fair and
a s a
a
lsaai____________
ai.O
a s a
a a a
ai.O
a s a
a
ai.O
a s a
a
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
a) unhealthy b) bad c) unsafe d) healthy
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a 5. Drink a alot
PaPdad
s a
a of ____________
a
PaPdad
s a
a everya
PaPdad
saa day. a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
a) oil b) water c) packed juice d) salt water

rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g g
r rg r rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
VI Answer the following questions in one or two sentences.
lsa1. ai.Name thealainternal organs.

rg rg g rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a a s a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
2. What are the functions of brain?
lai.lO
rg rg 3. ir.List
lsaai.lO
g rg out the.Ofood rg rg items for
lsaai.lO
rghealthy
rg mouth
lsaai.lO
rg rgand teeth.
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
lsaai.lO
rg rg
a ai.O a a O a lsaai lai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O a ai.O lai
PaPdad 4. How P aPdad
will you take Pcare
aPdad
of your heartPaPdad and kidney? PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg 5. r.What
g rg do you rdo
g rg when some rgone
rg touches ryou
g rg and you.Ofeel rg rg uncomfortable? rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai lai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
VII Think and answer.
lsa1. ai.When an aunknown rg rg personi.O

lsaaladisturbs you, ahow do youalabehave? Write .Oin
rg rg g rg
rO rg g rg g rg rg rOg ryour
g ownalai.lO rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O a i.Or a lsaai.lOi.Or i.lO
ai.O alai lai. ai.O lai
asa a s a a a s a a s a a s a asasa asasa asasa asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad
words. PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg 2. rWhich
g rg organ rcontrols
g rg thinking, rg rg speaking rgand
rg learning. rWrite
g rg its three rg rg important rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a parts. a s a as a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
rg rg VIIIOrg Project
alai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asaasa a s a
a a saa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
1. Make a model of lungs with the help of locally available materials. PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg 2. ir.Make
g rg an album rg rgwith the pictures rg rg of internal rg rg organs.i.Or.O g rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
a O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
94
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Unit
a lai.lO
asa
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
aMatter and Materials
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O 2 a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lai.O
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a Learning
PaP
a l
daadsasa Objectives
asa
PaPdad
asa
l a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
After learning this lesson, the students will be able to
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O  alaclassify
i.lO rg rg the materials
ai.O .OrO
alai lai.
g rg
basedalon aitheir
ai.lO
g rg
r.O properties
.OrO
alai lai.
g rg
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
as a a s a asasa asasa asasa asasa a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad
 PaPdad PaPdad
conduct simple investigations related to materials PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg r g rg rg
 realize
rg g
the importance rg g
of matter and materialsrging daily life rg g
rg g rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O l ai.lO
ai.Or l a i.lO
a i.Or l a i.lO
a i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O
r
lsaai.lO
ai.O
r
lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a s differentiate
a a
PaPdad
s a
a sTransparent,Translucent
a a
PaPdad
s a
a s a and
a
PaPdad
s a
a Opaque objects
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
I. Materials
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Everything in the universe is made up of matter. We need to
rg rg explore many different
Org rg Org rg
materials to make sense
Org rg Org rg
of our world.
Org rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O lai.lai.O . O
alai lai.
. O
alai lai.
. O
alai lai. lsaai.lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa asa
asa daadsasa daadsasa daadsasa a sa a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad The matter from whichP a thing is made of is called
PaPdad Material.
a a a
P aP P a P aP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
For example: Chair is made of wood, Eraser is made of rubber, Candle is made of wax.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
Try to Answer
ai.OLook atsathe
rpictures and ai.Oidentifysathe materials lsby ai.which they lsaai.lare
ai.O made of:
rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg rg g rg
rO rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a aai.lO a
O
a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a s a s asaasa
PaPdad (paper, clay, PaPdad glass, wood, PaPdadplastic, metal PaPdad rubber, wax)
a a a a a a a
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
95
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Try to Answer
rg rg Match rg rg the objects g that are made
i.Oir.Org
g of same material.
i.Oir.Org
g
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asa
PaPdad PaPdad A PaPdad PaPdad B PaPdad PaPdad C PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
aII. Properties
i.Oir.Org of Materials
rg rg rg g g g
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a salsaala
a a salsaala a a a saa a saa a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
lsaaiWeai.O can measure, seedaor laifeelai.O the materials. Different ai.O types saof
a asal material ashave
a lai.lO
ai.O a
.lO
a lsaai.lO
ai.O sa
.lO lai.lO ai.O lai.lO lai.O ai.O lai.lO ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asa asa asa asa asa a
asa asa
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
different properties that make them useful for various purposes. Most materials have
rg rg more than rg g one property. rg g They can rg gbe hard or rgsoft,
g shiny orrg dull, g smoothrgor g rough and rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa fl
a
Padad
sexible
aa
ls
aa a
or rigid.
a
Padad
saa
ls
aa a
a
Padad
s a
a
l
s
aa a
a
Padad
saa
ls
aa a
a
Padad
s a
a
l
s
aa a
a
Padad
saa
ls
aa a
a
Padad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
P P P P P P P
rg rg rg rg g
i.OrOrg
g
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O1. Hardsaand
laalai. Soft Materials
salaala
i. a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a adadas adadas a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad P Pa P Pa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg Materials
rg g which rg g cannot ibe rg geasily compressed, rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO i.Or a i.lO i.Or a .lO i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
cut, bent or scratched are called hard materials.
a a l a a l a a l a a a a a
asa a s a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
Example: Brick, bone and steel.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad Materials PaPdadwhich canPbe aPdadeasily compressed, cut,PaPdbent
PaPdad ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
or scratched are called soft materials.
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Example:
i.Oir.Org Foam,alaclay
salaala
g
s ala
i.Oir.Orand
g g
skin.
salaala
g
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a as a as a as a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Try to Answerg
rg rg g r rg r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Write whether the given
PaPdamaterials are
PaPdadhard or soft.
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
PaPdad d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Wood Eraser Cotton
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
96
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
2. Shiny and Dull Materials
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Materials PaPdwhich reflect
PaPdathe light well
PaPdaare called Pshiny
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
PaPdad ad d d aPdad PaPdad PaPdad
materials. Example: Stainless steel, gold and diamond.
rO rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaMaterials
i.lO
ai.O whicha ai.do
lsaai.lO not refl a lsect ai.Othe lightsawell
aai.lO ai.Oare called
lsaai.lO alsaadull
i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a a s a a s a a a as a a s a asa
asa
materials. Example : Candle, paper and jute bag.
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a Try ai.O to Answer
lsaai.lO
as
PaPdad
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
Collect some objects from your house and classify them as shiny or dull materials.
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3. Rough and Smooth Materials
rg r g rg rg g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O Materials which lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
ashave
laalai ups and
asdowns on atheir
asa surfacead
are ascalled
a a la lai laalai la lai laalai
asa as a asaasa asa asa asa asa a saa asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad P Pdad P Pad PaPdad PaPdad
rough materials. Example: Brick, rock and tyre.
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Materials
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O which a lsdo ai.not
aai.lO
g rg
rO
have sups
a aiand
lsaai.lO
g rg
r.O
downs alson ai.their
aai.lO
g rg
rO
surface a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdcalled
are ad smoothPaPdamaterials.
d aPdad
PExample: PaPdad Silk cloth
Mirror, PaPdand
ad tiles. PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Try toPaAnswer
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
Pad
Sort the given objects as rough or smooth.

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O Wet soap a lsaai.lO
ai.O a
.lO
ai.O
lsaaiCoir a lsaai.lO
ai.O Feather a lsaai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O
lsaaStone a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a
adad
s a a
adad
s a a
adad
s a a
adad
s a a
adad
s a a s a a s a asaasa
PP PP PP PP PP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg rg rg rg rg Org rg rg rg rg rg Org rg Org rg

a lai.lO
ai.O a ai.O Glass ball
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O Paperboard
. O
alai lai. a ai.O Sand paper
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O Plastic
alai lai. spoon asa
. O lai.lai.O lai
asa a s a a s a dadsasa a s a a s a dadsasa d dasa asa
asa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPa PaPdad PaPdad PaPa PaPa PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
4. Flexible and Rigid Materials
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a Materials a
PaPdad
s a
awhich can be
a
PaPdad
s a
abent or stretched
a
PaPdad
s a
a easily aare
PaPdad
saa known a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
as flexible materials. Example: Rubber band, electric wire and
rg rg rg rg cycle rg rtube.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O
l la ai.Oi.O
l la ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O
l la al la lsala lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s asaasa asa
asa asa
asa dasasa a sa a s a asaasa
Materials
PaPdad which cannot
PaPdadbe bent orPastretched easily
PaPdadare known PaPdad
a a a
PaPdad PaPdad Pad PaPdad
as rigid materials. Example: A stick, wooden scale and stone.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Activity
a a a a a a a
lsTest ai.O the flexibility.

a lai.lO
ai.O a aai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Give onePplastic aPdad PaPdadwooden scale
scale and PaPdato
d PaPdad Ask them
the students. PaPdato
d PaPdad
bend. Tabulate PaPdad
their observationg (bends, doesgnot bend).

rg rg rg rg r rg r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad Plastic P Scale PaPdad WoodenPScale
asa a s a a s a a s a as a a s a a s a a s a asa
PaPdad aPdad PaPdad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
97
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
5. Waterproof Materials
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad Materials PaPdathat do notPaPdallow water Pto
aPdapass through
PaPdathem are PaPdad
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
d ad d d PaPdad PaPdad
called Waterproof Materials.
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
Example
lai.lO
rg rg : Raincoat
ai.O lai.lO
rgand
ai.O
rg aluminium
lai.lO
rg rfoil
ai.O
g of tablet
lai.lO
rg rgstrip.
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
Think and answer
rg rg rg rg
Do you
salsahave
i.Or.Orga raincoat?
g
salsaala What issaits
g
ause?
g rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O i.Oir.Org lsaai.lO
r g
i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a a alai a a a a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
lsaActivity
a lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
Take a glass bowl. Fill three fourth of it with water. Put an orange fruit with
rg r g peel rg rand
g an orange rg rgfruit withoutrg rg peel. Observe
rg rg which orange
rg rg floats? i.Why?
rg rg rg rg
alai.lO
ai.O ai.Oi.O
l la ai.Oi.O l la ai.Oi.O ai.Oi.O
l la ai.Oi.O l la a Oi.O l la l la lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg III.
rg rg Transparent,Translucent
rg rg rg rg and rg Opaque
rg objects
rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
HavePaPdyou asa
asa ad ever seen asa
through the
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O bus window?
.OrO
alaai lai.
g rg
alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
asa a s a asas a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdSome objects allow lightPato Padpass through PaPdadthem. This PaPdhelps us to Psee
aPdadthrough them PaPdad as
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
asa
ad PaPdad d ad PaPdad
the window of a bus. Let us see how different objects behave with light.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a
1. Transparent Objects
a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a AllPalight
d
Pad
a a
PaPdad
passes
Light
ai.O through
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaaiTransparent
.lO
ai.O a lsaaobjects
i.lO
ai.O allow alsaaithe
ai.O light to
.lO
a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
pass through them. So, we can see other
rg rg
objects rg g
clearly through rg g
Transparent rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O pure salsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa Objects.
a saa
ls
aa a Examples:
a s a
a
l
s
aa a Air, glass
a s a
a and a a as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
water. Water
rg rg rg rg g
i.Oir.Org
g
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O2. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a Translucent
salaala
adaadas Objects
salaala
adaadas a s a as a a s a a s a asaasa
Translucent objects
PaPdad allow some PaPdadlight
a a a a a
PaPdad PP PP PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Some light to pass through them. So, we cannot see
ai.Opasses salsaaiobjects
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a s a lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a lsaai.lO
ai.O
as a lsaai.lO
a
.lO
ai.O clearly,
a s a lsaai.lO but we see
ai.O
a s a lsaathem
ai.O as blurred
i.lO
a s a lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
through
a a a a a a a
images through them.
Light
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g
Examples: rPaper g g soaked rginrgoil, snow rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.Oi.O i.Oi.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a saa s a
adaadas
l aa a s a
adaadas
laa a and vegetable
salaala oil.
adaadas
salaala
adaadas asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PP PP PP PP PaPdad
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Vegetable
PaPdad oil
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
98
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3. Opaque objects
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O No dlightlai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad OpaquePaobjects do not
PaPdaallow light Pto
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa asa
asa asaasa
d aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Pad d PaPad
pass through them. So, we cannot see Light passes
rg rg through rg rgthese objects. rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg through rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai.lO
ai.O lai
asa s s s s s s asaasa asa
asa
PaPdExamples :PaWood, stonePand
aPdad metals. PaPdad
a a d a a a a a a a a a a
ad Pad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a Wood a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
Think and answer
rg rg rg rg Why should rg g we build i.the rg gwalls of the rg house

g with Obricks g (opaque rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O a i.lO i.Or a O i.Or a i.lO i.Or a i.lair.Org lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
material) instead of glass (transparent material)?
a a a l a a l l a a l a a l a a
as a a s a a s a s a a s a s a a s a sa a s a s a a s a a s a asaasa
lai.lO
rg r g
ai.O
Activity
lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a
asa s a s a s a s a s a s a sa asaasa
a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a Complete a
PaPdadthe
a Worksheet a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
Name : Class :
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
g
i.Or.Org
a lai.lO
ai.O a
.lO
ai.O
lsaaiDate : a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O Unitsalaa: la2. Matter
i
sand
alaalai Materialssalaala
i lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a adaadas adaadas adaadas asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PP PP PP PaPdad
Complete the sentence in you own words.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 1. Transparent objects
PaPdaallow _________________________________
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
2. Translucent objects allow _________________________________
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad 3. Opaque PaPdaobjects allow _________________________________
a lai.lO
asa
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a Try
lsaai.lO
ai.O
to Answer
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
as
PaPdad
a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
PaPdad
s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
Write whether the objects are transparent, translucent or opaque.

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
99
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
IV. Reflection of Light g

rg rg rg rg g r rg r rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
We sea the world around us with the help of light. Where
rg rg rg rg rg rg do we iget rg rglight from? rgLight
rg may come rg rg either from rg rgthe Sun or rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaa.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
from
aPdad other sources asa
PaPdad like an electric lamp or adbulb. ThePobjects
PaPdad PaPdad P PaPdad PaPda aPdad PaPdad
that give off light are called light sources.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
When light falls on a transparent material it passes g

rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g g rg
r.O r rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O through
a ai.O it. However
lsaai.lO a ai.O when light
lsaai.lO a lsaai.lOi.Or
afalls
on daadspolished
a i.
lsaala O i surface a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
as a a s a a s a a s a a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
of an opaque material, it does not pass through it. It
rg r g bounces rg g back. The rg bouncing
g of rglight
g by any rg smooth
g or Org rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO i.Or ai.lOi.Or a i.lO i.Or a i.lO i.Or lai.lai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdpolished surface
PaPdad is called Parefl
daadsasection. Padaadsas
a a l a a l a a l a a l a a a a
asa as s a asas a a a daadsasa a s a s asaasa
ada P P P aP PaPdad
a
PaPdad
a
PaPdad
When you look into the mirror, you can see your own face
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a ai.O on the
lsaai.lO a lsmirror.
aai.lO
ai.O What a lsaayouai.O see is a
i.lO alsrefl
aai.lO ection of
ai.O a lsyour ai.O face insathe
aai.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a a asaasa
mirror. We also see reflections of other objects that are in
rg rg rg rg rg g front ofi.O the
rg g mirror. These rg g reflections rg gare formed rg by
g light and rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lOi.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a
Padad
s a
a
l
s
aa a
they aare
Padad
s a
a
l
s
aa lcalled
a
images.
a
Padad
s a
a
ls
aa a
a
Padad
s a
a
l
s
aa a
a
Padad
s a
a
l
s
aa a
a
Padad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
P P P P P P
rg rg
Try rg g
to Answer rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a la i.lO
ai.Or a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a asaasa
PaPdad Try to see PaPdayour face Pon
aPdasome materials
PaPdad like mirror, PaPdadexam pad,Panew Pad stainless steel
a s a s a s a a s a a s a a s a da s a a
dad s a
d d PaP PaPdad
plate, table top and water in a plate. What are the materials that show your face
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O clearly?
.OrO
alaai lai.
g rg
Do you .Oknow
rO
alaai lai.
g rg
why?alaai.lO rg rg
ai.O .OrO
alaai lai.
g rg .OrO
alaai lai.
g rg .OrO
alaai lai.
g rg .OrO
alaai lai.
g rg
lai
asa asas asas asas as as as as asas asas asa
asa
rg rg Activity
a lai.lO
ai.O a l a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PaPdad Reflection PaPdadof LightPaPdad
asa a s a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
rg rg Material
rg g Required/Neededrg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O l a i.lO
a i.Or lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad A planePamirror and aPtorch light
a
asa a s a
a s a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
d aPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Pad
How to do?
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad 1. MakePayour room dark
PaPdadby closingPthe aPdad door
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
Pad
and windows.
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
2.
lsaai.lO
rgAsk
ai.O
rg your friend
lsaai.lO
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II Fill in the blanks. PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
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rg rg 5.OMirrors
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materials. PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
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foil, Mirror, rg g
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102
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Work and Energy
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After learning this lesson students will be able to
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rg r g rg rg
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rg rg Students rg g : A force rg gis a push orrgpull g that moves rg g an object at

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Magnetic force
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An action in which one exerts a force to move an object is known as work. What
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103
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rg rg rg rg
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Teacher: Yesterday
PaPdad I was walking
PaPdad back from PaPdaschool. I found
PaPdad some people
a a a a a a a
PaPdad PaPdad d PaPdad PaPdad
working to lay the road. I found some items in that place. Can you say something
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asa asa
asa asa
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When can we say that work is done or not?
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PaPdTwo main conditions are Pneeded for work
PaPdadto be done.
a
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a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
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a asaasa
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• A force should act on an object.

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rg r g When rg rgthe force acting

rg rg on the.Orobject g rg makes rgitrgmove it is said
rg rg to be done a
rg rg work. rg rg
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Try to Answer
rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg Org rg rg rg rg rg
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alai lai. lai
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PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPad PaPdad
is not done.
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Try to Answer
Mention whether work is done or not in the following activity.
rg rg g r rgg g g
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PaPdad S. No Activity WorkPaPdone or not Pdone
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad dad aPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg r1.
g g PushingOthe
rg rg door rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
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PaPdad 2. Holding
PaPdad a doll PaPad
d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg 3.
rg rg Sittingi.OinrO
g rag bus rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
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PaPdad 4. PaPdad
Pushing a wall PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg rg 5.
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a a saa a s a
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104
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II. Energy
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PaPdIn
ad the above PaPdpicture
a a a a a a a
ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
rg r g  A.Oman
g rg pulls a luggage.
rO g rg
.OrO
To do Oso
g rhe
. rO g needs some
g rg energy. What
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PaPdad Food gives
PaPdadenergy toPhumans.
a asa asa l sa al asa asa asa a asa
asa asa asa aPdaadas asa asa asa a s a asa
 The car moves by the obtained from the burning of fuel.
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asThe escalator asamoves by ausing
asa electricity asaas energy.
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a
asa 
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asa
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sa asa
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asa
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Energy must be transferred to an object in order to do work.
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Chemical Thermal
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rg rg rg rg rgEnergy
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105
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1. Renewable Resources
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PaPdad Renewable PaPdad sources of PaPdaenergy arePaPreplaced naturally over aPaPperiod of time.
PaPdad We
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
a a s a
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can keep using these sources for a long period of time. Since the beginning of human
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2. Non-renewable Resources
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PaPdad The resources whichPare
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resources. Eg: Petrol, Coal and Natural gas
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rg rg rg rg More rg rgto knowi.Or.O g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg

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The law of conservation of energy states that energy
rg rg rg rg cannot rgcreated
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one form to another.
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The SI unit of energy is joule.
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lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O lai
rg rg
Observe
rg rg
the above rpictures.
g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdWhat are they
PaPdad used for?PaPdad
a
asa a s a
a a s a
a as a
a a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
106
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad In our daily life our effort is saved with the help of some simple machines.
rg rg We rg rgdraw water rgfrom

rg the well rg rwith
g the help rg rof
g a wheel and
rg rg a rope. rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
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Simple machines are tools which are used to make our work easier. Some
lsexamples foralasimple rg rg machines rare pulley, lsaawedge, inclined ai.plane, screw, ai.lever,
rg rg rg rg g rg rg rg g rg
rO g rg
rO rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a aai.lO
ai.O i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a i.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO alsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a s a a s a a s a a s a as a a s a asa
asa
PaPdad wheel and PaPdaxle.
ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
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ai.O alsaai.lO
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ai.O lai
1. Pulley
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O lai
Observe the picture.

rg r g rg rg rg rg rg rg g rg
alai.lO
asa
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as a
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ai.O
a s a
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a s Which
a
a
ai.O is easier?
lsaai.lO
a s a
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ai.Lifting
lsaai.lO the
a s a
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ai.O
a s a
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lsaai.lO
ai.O
a saa
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ai.O
asa
lai
asa
load with the help of a pulley
rg rg rg rg rg rg or without
rg rg a pulley?
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asa a s a a s a asaasa asaasa a s a
a a s a
a a saa asaasa
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ai.O a lsA
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apulley is a a lsamachine
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O
ai.O alsaai.lO
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of a wheel with a cut around it.
rg rg A rope rg g or chain rpasses
g g aroundrg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
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ai.O lai
asasthe pulley. asIt
as rotatesadaa insaalsthe
a a la a a l a a a a a a
asa a a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdad PaPdad PP d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
direction with more force.
rg rg Eg: rgcrane
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ai.O ai.Oi.O
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l la ai.Oi.Ol la lsaai.lO
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asa asaasa asaasa asaasa a saa a s a
a as a
a a s a
a asa
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ai.O a ai.O2. Inclined
lsaai.lO a ai.O Plane salsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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asa a s a a s a a a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad Observe PaPdadthe picture PaPdad and PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
discuss. Is lifting a gbox is easier g

rg rg rg rg rg rg rg g rOrg r rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO i.lO i.Or .lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa
ai.O
a saa
ai.O
a s a
a
ai.O than
a s a
a
l
s
aa a rolling ita on
saa
lsaaia ai.ramp?
as a
a
ai.O
a saa
ai.O
a s a
a
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
PaPdad PaPdad ad d
P Pa ad d
P Pa ad dP Pa PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lsAn ai.inclined plane ai.Ois a flat ssloping

rg rg g rg
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ai.O a aai.lO a lsaai.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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ai.O lai
asa a s a s a a s a s a s a s asaasa
PaPdad surface P with
aPdad one end higher
a a a a a a a
than another.
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a Eg: ramp, slide
a
PaPdad
s a
a and slope afor
PaPdad
saa as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
wheel chair.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
107
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
3. Wedge
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
A wedge is a tool with a sharp edge which can
rg rg
be used to split
rg g rg g
materials. rIt g g
is used to rbreak g rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or i.lO i.Or lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO lsaai.lO
a
asa a saa
la
s a a wooden alogs
s a
a
ls
aa ainto two apieces.
s a
a
l
s
aa a
a s a
a
ai.O
a s a
a
ai.O
as a
a
ai.O
a s a
a
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
Eg: knife, scissors and axe.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
4. Screw
a a a a a a a
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaaiThe
ai.O screwsis
.lO
a lsaaiused
to raise lai.weights
.lO
ai.OO
lai.O and lato ai.hold
i.lO O objects aitogether.
lai.lO .O lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa as a a a asaasa asaasa asaasa asaasa a saa asaasa
PaPdad PaPdadPaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Eg: pencil sharpener, screw-jack, bottle cap and windmill.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
rg rg g g g g g g rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O The a screw
lsaai.lO
a
r g
i.Or in the a lsaaibottle
.lO r rg
ai.O cap sholds
a ai.O the capsaand
lsaai.lO
r rg
ai.the
lsaai.lO
rOrg
bottle a lsaatogether.
i.lO r rg
ai.O alsaai.lO
r rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a a a a a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
PaPdThe
ad PaPdadsharpner are
blade and PaPdadheld together PaPdad by screw. PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a 5. Wheel
asa
PaPdad
asa and Axle
l la
asa
PaPdad
l la
asa a
PaPdad
saa a
PaPdad
s a
a as
PaPdad
a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
rg rg Wheel
rg rg and axle rgconsist
rg of ia.Owheelrg rg attached rg rgto a smalli.O rod
rg rg so that these rg rg two parts g
i.Or.Org
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O la lai lai
PaPdrotate together.
a
a a saa a s a
a a saa asaasa asaasa
ad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Eg: bicycle wheel, door knob, grinder, axle wheel.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
More to know
.OrO g rg
.OrO g rg
.OrO g rg
.OrO rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
Simple ai.O machines lai lai. usually sexchange
lai lai. a asmaller
lai lai. force lai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a a s a asa asa a aasa saasa asa asa a s a
a asaasa
to move a heavy object. The work required is the
rg rg rg rg same,.OrO gbut
rg the force rg rg required rgis
rg less. The rg ridea
g of .OrO g rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai lai. lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a
PaPdad
s a
a a simple
PaPdad machinePaPdoriginated
a s a
a a
ad
saa
Pwith
aPdad the Greek
as a
a
PaPdad philosopher
a s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a asa
PaPdad
asa
Archimedes around the 3rd century BC.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
108
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
6. Lever
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdad A leverPis aPdaused to multiply
PaPdad the force PaPdawe
d give on P an
aPdaobject.
d d PaPdad PaPdad PaPdad
Eg: see saw, nut cracker and plier.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
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ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
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a lai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O
a
asa as
PaPdad
Try
a
a to Answer
a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
s a
a a
PaPdad
saa asa
PaPdad
lai
asa
Identify and mention the types of simple machines.
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
lai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdadTry to Answer
a
asa a saa a s a
a a s a
a a saa as a
a a saa a s a
a asaasa
Complete the table.
lsaS. aiNo Types of Simple Machine aExample

rg rg g rg
r.O g rg
i.Oir.O
g
i.Oir.Org rg rg rg g rg rg rg rg
lai.lO
ai.O i.lO lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a
asa a s a
a a salaala
a as salaala
a as a s a
a as a
a a s a
a a s a
a asaasa
1. Pulley
a2. Wheel and

rg rg rg g .OrO g rgaxle rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lOi.Or alai lai. a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asasa as a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
3. Wedge
lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
4.rg rg
lsaai.lO
ai.O
Inclined
lai.O
plan
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O lai
a a asa l a a a a a asa
asa a s a asa a s a as a a s a a s a a s a asa
5. Lever
rg rg 6.rg rg Screw rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
109
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
PP da
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
IV. Types of Lever
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
To understand the lever, we must know the following terms.
rg rg Load rg g is the object rg g on which the
rg g force isi.O applied.
lai.lO
ai.O a i.lO i.Or a i.lO i.Or a i.lO i.Or a ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
Effort is the force we apply on the lever.
a a l a al a a l a a l l a a a
asa s s a s s a s s a s s a s s s asa
asa
a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a a
PaPdad
a
ThPeaPthree
a
dad a
types ofPlever
a
aPdad a
PaPdad
Fulcrum is the point on which the lever rotates. Class I lever
rg rg
Lever is classifisaed ainto
i.Or three atypes ai.O according ato
i.Orwhere the
g g g g g g rg rg
ai.O Class II lslever
r rg r g r rg r g r rg r rg
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lsaai.lO lsaai.lO alsaai.lO a lsaai.lO a aai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
PaPdload
ad PaPdad are located
and effort PaPdadwith respect PaPdadto fulcrum. PaPdad PaPdaIII
Class d
lever PaPdad PaPdad
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O alsaai.lO 1.
rg rg
ai.O Class laI
asasal
ai.Lever
i.O
g rg
rO
a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O a lsaai.lO
rg rg
ai.O
asa
lai
as a a s a a a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asa
When the fulcrum is between the effort and the load, it is known as Class I lever.
alai.lO
asa
ai.O Eg:
as a
a
lsaaiscissors,
.lO
ai.O pliers,
a s a
a
ai.Oseesaw. salsaai.lO
lsaai.lO
a a
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a s a
a
lsaai.lO
ai.O
a saa
lsaai.lO
ai.O
asa
lai
asa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa
r2. ClassalaaII ai.O Lever

a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O i.lO a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
asa a s a asas a s a a s a a s a a s a a s a asaasa
When the load is between the effort and the fulcrum, it is known as Class II lever.
a lai.lO
rg rg
ai.O Eg: wheel
.OrO
alaai lai.
g rg
barrow, .Olemon
rO
alaai lai.
g rg
squeezer,.OrO
alaai lai.
nut cracker.
g rg .OrO
alaai lai.
g rg .OrO
alaai lai.
g rg .OrO
alaai lai.
g rg .OrO
alaai lai.
g rg
lai
asa asas as as asas asas asas asas asas asaasa
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
alai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O alsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O lai
110
a lai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO
ai.O a lsaai.lO

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4th Maths, Science & Social - Term 1 - New School Text Books - English Medium PDF Download

4th Maths, Science & Social - Term 1 - New School Text Books - English Medium PDF Download

4th Maths, Science & Social - Term 1 - New School Text Books - English Medium PDF Download

rg rg 1..OrFOg ind the diameter rg g of a.Orcircle g whose rg radius is.O5rOg cm. rg rg rg rg

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