Preliminary Chemistry 2014

Modules 8.4.3 and 8.4.4 – Solubility, concentration of solutions and precipitation

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Total time: 30 minutes Total marks: 20

Question 1 (4 marks)
(a) Explain the solubility of silicon dioxide in water. (2)

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(b) Describe any changes that occur to the particles when solid potassium bromide is dissolved in water.
Include an equation in your answer. (2)
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Question 2 (5 marks)
(a) Define the term ‘molarity of a solution’. (1)

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(b) Calculate the molarity of the solution when 7.40 g of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate is dissolved in
water and made up to 250.0 mL of solution in a volumetric flask. (2)

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(c) Explain why different measurements of concentration are important. In your answer refer to TWO
different measurements of concentration used in industry. (3)

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Question 3 (4 marks)
(a) Limewater is a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide, in which some of the undissolved solid is
present at the bottom of the bottle. It is said that a dynamic equilibrium exists in the sealed bottle.
Explain what is meant by this statement. (2)

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(b) Determine the moles of hydroxide ions present in 25.00 mL of 0.050 mol L-1 calcium hydroxide
solution. (2 marks)
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Question 4 (4 marks)
20.00 mL of 2.00 mol L-1 sulfuric acid was transferred to a 500.0 mL volumetric flask and distilled water
was added to the flask to make the volume up to the 500 mL mark. After mixing, 25.00 mL of this solution
was then transferred to a 200.0 mL volumetric flask and distilled water was added to the flask to make the
volume up to the 200 mL mark.

(a) Draw a labelled diagram of the piece of apparatus used to transfer the solutions of sulfuric acid to the
volumetric flasks. (2)

(b) Determine the concentration of the diluted solution. (2 marks)

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Question 5 (3 marks)
Lead ions can be detected in water by the addition of solutions containing iodide ions. A yellow precipitate
of lead iodide is formed.
50.0 mL of 0.0750 mol L-1 lead nitrate solution is reacted with excess potassium iodide solution.
(i) Write a net ionic equation for this precipitation reaction. (1)

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(ii) Calculate the maximum mass of lead iodide precipitate that can be formed in this reaction. (2)

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