CULTURE &

SOCIETY
WHAT IS CULTURE?
It is the sum total of skills,
beliefs, knowledge and products
that are commonly shared by a
number of people and
transmitted to their children.
 CLASSIFICATION OF CULTURE
I. According to Dynamism

A. Static – When it emphasizes cultural transmission.

B. Dynamic – When it emphasizes change.

 CLASSIFICATION OF CULTURE
I. According to Stability

A. Stable – Where folkways and mores are satisfied.

B. Unstable – Where there is no clear content or direction.

 CLASSIFICATION OF CULTURE
I. According to Component

A. Material – Tangible things.

B. Non-Material – non-tangible things.

 FUNCTIONS OF CULTURE
1. Provides means of communication
2. Serves as a trademark or special feature that
distinguishes one society from the other
3. Helps individual fulfill his potential as a human
being
4. Acts as a social glue that helps to hold the
people together
5. Provision of education
WHAT IS SOCIETY?

It is a community of people
living in a particular region and
having a shared customs, laws
and organizations.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN CULTURE & SOCIETY?

CULTURE – meanings and

information associated with social
networks.

SOCIETY - a system of
interrelationships among people.
Aspects of Culture
I. Shared and Contested
Culture is learned and acquired
through different interactions with
people. Culture is a shared learning
experience. Because culture
constantly changes, we get to share
the learning process with other
people.
If culture is learned and shared, it is
also contested in various ways and
situations. Because of diversity,
culture is subjected to debate and
analysis.
II. Socialization and
Enculturation
 Socialization
-is the process through which people
learn to understand the societal
norms or expectations and societal
values as a member of the society.
 Agents of
Socialization
1. FAMILY

 the most important social group

that a person has.
 It is also considered as the
principal agent of socialization.
 2. COMMUNITY

 One is the school. In schools, we expose to ideas,

values, norms, and behavior that may be different
from what we learned in our family.
 We also get to interact with other people from our
community who become our peers. Since children
and teenager spend most of their time with their
peers, researches show that peer groups can
create their sub-culture (Mondal, 2015).
 3. MASS MEDIA
One of the biggest influences in our culture
is mass media.
It comes comes in the form of television,
movies, books, magazines, and now even
social networking sites.
Mass media proved to play a major role in
shaping the culture and behavior of an
individual (Mondal, 2015).
4. RELIGION

 It helps shape us as individuals

and equips us with the attitude
and behavior our religion deems
right.
Enculturation
 is the process by which an
individual adopts the behavior
patterns of the culture in which
a person is immersed.
III. Patterned Social
Interaction
 Five patterns of
social interaction
1. EXCHANGE/ SOCIAL
EXCHANGE
is our expectation that whenever we
do something good, we will receive
something good in return
(Thompson and Hickey, 2005,
p.129).
2. COOPERATION
is when people or groups of people
work together to achieve a common
goal. Cooperation is considered to
be essential for human survival
because, without cooperation, social
life would be unmanageable
(Thompson and Hickey, 2005,
p.129).
3. COMPETITION

may be viewed as the opposite of

cooperation because instead of
working together towards a common
goal, competing individuals or
groups battle to achieve the target
that only one can have (Thompson
and Hickey, 2005, p.129).
 4. CONFLICT

arises when people disobey rules, control a

person by force, or hurt other people just to
achieve their goals. But conflict isn't always
considered as bad. The existence of a conflict
can strengthen the unity within a group
because they are threatened by an external
factor (Thompson and Hickey, 2005, p.129).
5. COERCION

happens when a person uses

threats or force to persuade another
person (Dictionary.com). People
usually coerce others when they
cannot achieve their goals on their
own.
 IV. Requires Language for
Social Interaction
• Language is considered as the transporter of a
large part of our culture because some parts of our
culture are passed on through our mouths, there are
no written records (Young, 1930).
• We can perform the patterns of social
interaction through the use of language.
• Language is not only restricted to verbal
language, but we also use non-verbal language or
body language when we interact with others.
V. Integrated and at Times
Unstable
The patterns of social interaction are
connected with each other and may
change from time to time. Our social
interaction may change from being
cooperative to having competition or
conflict. A simple social exchange may
lead to cooperation. A small competition
may result in a big conflict.
 ACTIVITY 1

Directions: Write an essay describing

each picture
Activity 2 : ESSAY
What are the cultures that are still manifested in your community?

Activity 3: Venn Diagram

CULTURE SOCIETY
ACTIVITY 4:Collage Making

Directions: Cut out pictures that are related to the words under CULTURE AND
SOCIETY. Create a collage showing the meaning of Culture and Society.
Culture Society

Knowledge Social interaction

Belief Social class

Art Social grouping

Morals Social relation

law Social stratification

Custom

Habits
ACTIVITY 5: Freedom Wall

Directions: Using a bondpaper, create a freedom wall and write your

questions on culture and society.
ACTIVITY 6: Photo Essay

Directions: The teacher will ask the students to find their partners. Each
pair will make a photo essay through PowerPoint presentation of the
aspects of culture and society.
Rubrics in Photo Essay
Criteria Criteria Score

Evidence of Understanding 8

Neatness 5

Connection to the topic 2

Creativity 5

Timeliness 5

Total 25
ACTIVITY 7: COMPOSE A SONG

Compose a song summarizing what you have learned in Culture and

Society.

Rubrics
Criteria Criteria Score

Relevance to the theme 8

Organization 5

Lyrics 5
Creativity 5

Timeliness 2

Total 25
Post test:

Test I. Identification: Identify the terms being referred to in the following statements. Write
your answer on the space provided.
______________________1. It is the sum total of skills, beliefs, knowledge and products that are
commonly shared by a number of people and transmitted to their children.
______________________2. There is no clear content or direction
______________________3. Folkways and mores are satisfied
______________________4. It is a community of people living in a particular region and having a
shared customs, laws and organizations.
______________________5. It is the process through which people learn to understand the
societal norms or expectations and societal values as a member of the society.
______________________6. It proved to play a major role in shaping the culture and behavior of
an individual
______________________7. It helps shape us as individuals and equips us with the attitude and
behavior our religion deems right.
______________________8. It is the process by which an individual adopts the behavior patterns
of the culture in which a person is immersed.
______________________9. It happens when a person uses threats or force to persuade another
person
_______________________10. It may be viewed as the opposite of cooperation because instead of
working together towards a common goal, competing individuals or groups battle to achieve
the target that only one can have