Michael Eugenio

BS-BSE English

Semi-Detailed Lesson Plan in

English Plus

I. Learning Objectives
At the end of the 45-minute interactive discussion, at least 60 % of the students will be
able to:
a. determine the nature of gerunds as verbals;
b. explain clearly the importance of gerunds and gerund phrases, and
c. write a slogan with gerunds and gerund phrases.

II. Learning Content

Gerunds and Gerund Phrases
English Grammar (Third Edition)
Eugene Ehrlich
71-72

Materials:
Craft paper with the overview on verbals
Handout with the functions of gerunds and gerund phrases
Exercises in identifying gerunds
Craft paper with the communicative task on gerunds

Integrated Values:
Diligence in reciting and answering the worksheets
Respect for the teacher and classmates
Concern for social issues

Learners’ Background:
The class is composed of 40 students from the upper-middle socio-economic class with 14
male and 26 female students. Fifty per cent of these students are visual learners while the
remaining fifty are bodily-kinesthetic learners. Two students are near-sighted.

Integrated 21st Century Skills:

Communication skills
Collaboration
Creativity
III. Learning Experiences (Teaching Learning Process)

A. Preparation
The teacher will ask each student to share at most two of their hobbies orally.
The teacher will link the activity to the lesson by writing some of the responses of
the students on the board and asking the following questions:
1. What are these words if we consider the part of speech to which they
belong?
2. From what words are they formed?
3. What term is used to refer to this kind of words?

B. Presentation
The teacher will present the objectives.

C. Assimilation
The teacher will present the input on the three kinds of verbals with emphasis on
gerunds. She will distribute the handout containing the different functions of
gerunds and gerund phrases with examples. The teacher will distribute copies of the
exercises in identifying gerunds and gerund phrases for students to answer.

D. Generalization
The teacher will ask students to synthesize the lesson.

E. Application
The teacher will ask the students to think of themselves as members of a committee
tasked with disseminating information on climate change. They will be asked to
perform the following tasks:
1. Ponder on the effect of climate change in the locality.
2. In one paragraph, write about what people, specifically Albayanos, should
avoid so as not to aggravate the present situation.
3. Compose a slogan focusing on actions or advocacies which ordinary citizens
can promote to combat climate change.

IV. Evaluation
The students will answer a 10-item quiz requiring them to complete ten sentences with the
appropriate gerunds or gerund phrases.

V. Assignments
A. Write a paragraph applying Gerunds and Gerunds Phrases. Choose your own topic. It
should written in 1/sheet of paper. To be submitted next meeting.
B. Answer the take home exercises on gerunds.
Identify the functions and communicative uses of infinitives.
Infinitives and Infinitive Phrases
 English Grammar (Third Edition)
Eugene Ehrlich
73-75

Gerunds
Gerund is a verbal that ends in -ing and functions as a noun. The term verbal indicates that a gerund, like the other
two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. However, since a gerund
functions as a noun, it occupies some positions in a sentence that a noun ordinarily would, for example: subject,
direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition.

Some Uses of Gerunds in Sentences

As a Subject
As a Direct Object
As an Indirect Object
As a Predicate Nominative
As an Object of a Preposition
As an Appositive
As an Objective Complement
Striking is a considered a revolutionary tactic in some countries.
A successful chef must enjoy cooking.
He gives gardening all of his attention.
Her worst fault is lying.
Lock the door before leaving.
One field, engineering, has an open job market.
I like to see you chasing after your dreams.

A Gerund Phrase is a group of words consisting of a gerund and the modifier(s) and/or (pro)noun(s) or noun
phrase(s) that function as the direct object(s), indirect object(s), or complement(s) of the action or state
expressed in the gerund.

Different Kinds of Gerund Phrases

With Adjectives His loud, persistent yawning disrupted the meeting.
With an Adjective Phrase Worrying about the deadline prevented the writer from sleeping.
With an Adverb I estimated the cost by calculating quickly.
With an Adverb Phrase Fishing from the pier is permitted.
With a Direct Object Reproducing copies grows more expensive each year.
With Indirect and Direct Objects Mr. Roberts suggested writing them a letter.

Points to remember:

1. A gerund is a verbal ending in -ing that is used as a noun.

2. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus modifier(s), object(s), and/or complement(s).
3. To avoid confusing gerunds with verbs or participles which both end in –ing, always remember that they
take the functions of nouns in sentences.
Example:
Verb phrase: My friends are traveling in India.
Participle: A traveling salesperson came to the door.
 Gerund: Traveling tires me out.
4. Only the possessive form of a personal pronoun should be used before a gerund.
Example:
Incorrect: They love me singing.
Correct: They love my singing.
______________________________________________________________________________

Source:
Purdue Online Writing Lab. (2011). Retrieved on August 23, 2011 from www.purdue.edu.com
Forlini, G. (1990). Prentice hall grammar and composition 4. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

ACTIVITY 1: True or Mistaken Identity?

Instructions: Determine whether the words/ phrases set in bold letters function as a gerund or a verb.
Indicate the function of the identified gerund beside the label (e.g. gerund- object of the preposition).

1. Sharing a smile brings joy to others. ___________________

2. Environment advocates are urging us to turn our faces to nature. ___________________
3. The professor spent the day making plans for a field trip. ___________________
4. He received a very high mark from the panelists after exerting
tremendous effort on his research. ___________________
5. The teacher has been preparing hard for his lesson. ___________________
6. Outlining topics is an effective strategy for studying. ___________________
7. The students were hoping for a deadline extension. ___________________
8. Studying is a productive pastime. ___________________
9. Students must avoid incurring absences. ___________________
10. A way to lessen paper wastes is by reusing handouts as scratch papers. __________________

How well did I perform?

If you got a score from 8-10, you did GREAT! Continue to master these structures
and use them in communicating effectively.

If you got either 6 or 7, you did WELL! You only need to familiarize yourself more
with the functions and differences of the two structures and you will go a long way.
Use them in speaking and writing so you will have more practice.

If you got a score from 5 and below, don’t feel SAD. It’s only an exercise. Review
your answers and identify your points of confusion. Go back to the discussions and
continue to familiarize yourself with the differences between verbs in the present
participle form and gerunds. Try using them in speaking and writing.
ACTIVITY 2: Getting more familiar with GERUNDS
Instructions: Gerunds are verbals functioning as nouns. As you may know, nouns are used in different ways
in a sentence. In the short excerpt below, underline all the gerunds and gerund phrases used and write
their corresponding functions on the space provided.
Different people have different habits and methods when they read a
piece of work; however, the origins of these techniques can be traced
from active reading. When a reader follows the basic approaches of
previewing, skimming, and critical thinking, the process of reading
becomes more comprehensive and beneficial.

Active reading doesn’t only assist a reader in analyzing a piece of

literature in a way that gives him/her the full and complete picture of the
book, but it also helps that reader to become a better writer because s/he
can adapt the analytical skill developed through active reading in his/her
own work.

Essay on reading. (n.d.). Retrieved on September 1, 2011 from http://www.customwritings.com/blog/example-essays/essay-reading.html

ANSWERS BANK

GERUNDS/ GERUND PHRASES FUNCTIONS

____________ _______________
____________ _______________
____________ _______________
____________ _______________
____________ _______________
____________ _______________
____________ _______________
____________ _______________
____________ _______________
____________ _______________
How well did I perform?

If you got less than 3 errors, you did GREAT! Continue to

master this structure and use it in communicating
effectively.

If you got less than 5 errors, you did WELL! You only need
to familiarize yourself more with the functions of gerunds
and you will go a long way. Use this in speaking and writing
so you will have more practice.

If you got more than 5 errors, don’t feel SAD. It’s only an
exercise. Review your answers and identify your points of
confusion. Go back to the discussions and continue to
familiarize yourself with the functions of gerunds. Try using
this in speaking and writing.
Artists usually don't make all that much money, and they often keep their artistic hobby despite the
money rather than due to it.
Linus Torvalds

Read more at http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/hobby.html#BTYCFFk2l8U31R7W.99

I have an expensive hobby: buying homes, redoing them, tearing them down and building them up the
way they want to be built. I want to be an architect.

Read more at http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/hobby.html#BTYCFFk2l8U31R7W.99

Today is life-the only life you are sure of. Make the most of today. Get interested in something. Shake
yourself awake. Develop a hobby. Let the winds of enthusiasm sweep through you. Live today with
gusto.
Dale Carnegie Biography

Author Profession: Writer

Nationality: American
Born: November 24, 1888
Died: November 1, 1955

Read more at http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/hobby_3.html#DLeujCo5a5oebvkd.99

Of Studies
by Francis Bacon Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight,
is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and
disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but
the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned.
To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make
judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by
experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning, by study; and studies
themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty
men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own
use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict
and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and
consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and
digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some
few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and
extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the
meaner sort of books, else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading
maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write
little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he
read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Histories make men
wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able
to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stond or impediment in the wit, but may be
wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good
for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the
head; and the like. So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in
demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to
distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. If he be not
apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the
lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt.

Of Negotiating
by Francis Bacon It is generally better to deal by speech than by letter; and by the mediation of a
third than by a man's self. Letters are good, when a man would draw an answer by letter back again; or
when it may serve for a man's justification afterwards to produce his own letter; or where it may be
danger to be interrupted, or heard by pieces. To deal in person is good, when a man's face breedeth
regard, as commonly with inferiors; or in tender cases, where a man's eye, upon the countenance of him
with whom he speaketh, may give him a direction how far to go; and generally, where a man will reserve
to himself liberty, either to disavow or to expound. In choice of instruments, it is better to choose men
of a plainer sort, that are like to do that, that is committed to them, and to report back again faithfully
the success, than those that are cunning, to contrive, out of other men's business, somewhat to grace
themselves, and will help the matter in report for satisfaction's sake. Use also such persons as affect the
business, wherein they are employed; for that quickeneth much; and such, as are fit for the matter; as
bold men for expostulation, fair-spoken men for persuasion, crafty for inquiry and observation, froward,
and absurd men, for business that doth not well bear out itself. Use also such as have been lucky, and
prevailed before, in things wherein you have employed them; for that breeds confidence, and they will
strive to maintain their prescription. It is better to sound a person, with whom one deals afar off than to
fall upon the point at first; except you mean to surprise him by some short question. It is better dealing
with men in appetite, than with those that are where they would be. If a man deal with another upon
conditions, the start or first performance is all; which a man cannot reasonably demand, except either
the nature of the thing be such, which must go before; or else a man can persuade the other party, that
he shall still need him in some other thing; or else that he be counted the honester man. All practice is
to discover, or to work. Men discover themselves in trust, in passion, at unawares, and of necessity,
when they would have somewhat done, and cannot find an apt pretext. If you would work any man, you
must either know his nature and fashions, and so lead him; or his ends, and so persuade him or his
weakness and disadvantages, and so awe him or those that have interest in him, and so govern him. In
dealing with cunning persons, we must ever consider their ends, to interpret their speeches; and it is
good to say little to them, and that which they least look for. In all negotiations of difficulty, a man may
not look to sow and reap at once; but must prepare business, and so ripen it by degrees.
 return to francis bacon online | search
contact: morgan at morgan@westegg.com
page last modified: thu jan 12 01:37:48 2006

Of Negotiating
by Francis Bacon It is generally better to deal by speech than by letter; and by the mediation of a
third than by a man's self. Letters are good, when a man would draw an answer by letter back again; or
when it may serve for a man's justification afterwards to produce his own letter; or where it may be
danger to be interrupted, or heard by pieces. To deal in person is good, when a man's face breedeth
regard, as commonly with inferiors; or in tender cases, where a man's eye, upon the countenance of him
with whom he speaketh, may give him a direction how far to go; and generally, where a man will reserve
to himself liberty, either to disavow or to expound. In choice of instruments, it is better to choose men
of a plainer sort, that are like to do that, that is committed to them, and to report back again faithfully
the success, than those that are cunning, to contrive, out of other men's business, somewhat to grace
themselves, and will help the matter in report for satisfaction's sake. Use also such persons as affect the
business, wherein they are employed; for that quickeneth much; and such, as are fit for the matter; as
bold men for expostulation, fair-spoken men for persuasion, crafty for inquiry and observation, froward,
and absurd men, for business that doth not well bear out itself. Use also such as have been lucky, and
prevailed before, in things wherein you have employed them; for that breeds confidence, and they will
strive to maintain their prescription. It is better to sound a person, with whom one deals afar off than to
fall upon the point at first; except you mean to surprise him by some short question. It is better dealing
with men in appetite, than with those that are where they would be. If a man deal with another upon
conditions, the start or first performance is all; which a man cannot reasonably demand, except either
the nature of the thing be such, which must go before; or else a man can persuade the other party, that
he shall still need him in some other thing; or else that he be counted the honester man. All practice is
to discover, or to work. Men discover themselves in trust, in passion, at unawares, and of necessity,
when they would have somewhat done, and cannot find an apt pretext. If you would work any man, you
must either know his nature and fashions, and so lead him; or his ends, and so persuade him or his
weakness and disadvantages, and so awe him or those that have interest in him, and so govern him. In
dealing with cunning persons, we must ever consider their ends, to interpret their speeches; and it is
good to say little to them, and that which they least look for. In all negotiations of difficulty, a man may
not look to sow and reap at once; but must prepare business, and so ripen it by degrees.

return to francis bacon online | search

contact: morgan at morgan@westegg.com
page last modified: thu jan 12 01:37:48 2006