CHAPTER 7

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) covers the design, construction,

commissioning, and operation and maintenance phases of each project component. The EMP
identifies the key environmental issues across the project and provides strategies and plans for
managing them effectively. It also defines the legal requirements for the project and identifies
the regulatory permits and licences required for construction activities.

PHASING OF THE EIA AND EMP

An EMP is usually drawn up after an EIA has been conducted, often as a requirement of
the Record of Decision (ROD) drafted by the lead environmental authority. The EMP is then
implemented during the construction phase and, thereafter, throughout the project life-cycle up
to, and including, decommissioning. Future changes in South African legislation may require
that the EMP (or at least a framework for an EMP) should be in place prior to issuing of the
ROD. A key reason for this approach is to ensure that environmental management objectives and
actions have been investigated and integrated into the project planning and design.

However, in terms of the phasing of the EIA and EMP, completing the EMP as part of
the EIA can be problematic, as explained below. Often EIAs tend to be based on preliminary
planning which doesn’t necessarily give an indication of, for example, the approach to
construction. A clear understanding of the management challenges for the construction phase
often only develops once the detailed design has been completed. At most, a draft EMP should
be included in the Environmental Impact Report and there should always be a provision for
updating the draft EMP once the detailed design is complete. Therefore, at the time of
completing the EIA, it is often only possible to prepare an EMP framework that provides the
over-arching requirements for environmental management. This framework specifies the
management actions (eg. mitigation) required and performance targets to be achieved. However,
the specific requirements to implement these mitigation requirements will often need to be
developed during the detailed design and planning phase, and as part of the bidding and sub-
contracting process for the construction phase.

SIGNIFICANCE OF EMP

EMPs are usually prepared in the course of applications submitted for the environmental
authorization of projects in terms of regulations promulgated under the Environment
Conservation Act (Act 73 of 1989) 3. Therefore, the key purpose of this guideline is to: ƒ assist
proponents and their consultants in the formulation of EMPs which effectively address the
management actions identified in the EIA process; ƒ support the Department in objectively
reviewing EMPs that are processed by the Department; and ƒ guide the proponent with respect to
the appropriate implementation of the EMP throughout the project life-cycle.

MONITORING OF EMP

Monitoring of Environmental Quality The success of environmental control measure can

only be understood by proper monitoring of the environmental parameters. A detailed
monitoring for different environmental parameters will be carried out as per direction of Orissa
Pollution Control Board. Monitoring methodologies will follow standard methods prescribed by
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), USEPA, AWWA
etc. Major monitoring parameters are discussed below. All monitoring reports will be submitted
to Orissa Pollution Control Board.

PREPARATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EMP

This section describes the following: ƒ

 Information required when preparing the EMP ƒ

 Sections that should be included in the EMP report ƒ
 Actions required as part of the ongoing implementation of the EMP.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION REQUIRED TO PREPARE THE EMP

Management plan consists of the following activities: i) Specific action plan for
implementing mitigation measures ii) Monitoring of Environmental Quality iii) Rainwater
Harvesting iv) Training v) Statutory requirements and Implementation vi) Documentation vii)
Green Belt Plantation viii) Social Responsibility

MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

The success of environmental control measure can only be understood by proper

monitoring of the environmental parameters. A detailed monitoring for different environmental
parameters will be carried out as per direction of Orissa Pollution Control Board. Monitoring
methodologies will follow standard methods prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board
(CPCB), Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), USEPA, AWWA etc. Major monitoring parameters
are discussed below. All monitoring reports will be submitted to Orissa Pollution Control Board.
 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

Ambient air quality will be monitored within the plant and in the vicinity as
directed by Orissa Pollution Control Board. The parameters will include SPM,
RPM, SO2 and NO2. The report will be submitted to Orissa Pollution Control
Board. The sampling and analysis of air pollutants will be done as per the norms
suggested by Central Pollution Control Board (Emission Regulations Part-III) and
also the Bureau of Indian Standards IS-5182.

 STACK EMISSIONS

Emission from boiler stack will be monitored monthly or as directed by West

Bengal Pollution Control Board. The results will be analyzed to find out whether
those are meeting the required level. PM, SO2 and NOx and gas flow will be
monitored. Online automated stack monitoring equipment’s will be installed for
monitoring of stack emissions.

 NOISE MONITORING

Noise monitoring will be carried out inside the units near the high noise
generating areas once in a month. Ambient noise monitoring just outside the plant
limit will be conducted monthly. Noise levels monitored will include Leq day &
night, Lmax, and Lmin.

 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A quality assurance plan should be developed which will include all references
methods for monitoring, relevant analytical techniques, calibration of equipment,
standard of reagents, collection and presentation of results etc. All monitoring
activities will be reviewed to find out the implementation of all the required
norms. Periodic environmental audit may be arranged to make quality assurance a
success.

 PERIODIC PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

All pollution control, monitoring and safety equipments shall be periodically

checked and calibrated.
  SAFETY & HEALTH

Periodic monitoring of the health of the workers will be carried out as required by
Factories Act. For safety, mock drill of the concerned employees for handling the
emergency situation will be carried out, as a part of On-Site Emergency Plan. Air
Quality at the work place will be measured intermittently.

IMPROVEMENT OF EMP
ACTIVITY PHASES OF EMP

This table show the activity life cycle of environmental management plan the first phase
is the pre-feasibility second the feasibility of the study , the design , the stablishment or the
construction phase, the implementation or operation and the closure .
 CHAPTER 8
PUBLIC CONSULTATION

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

Public participation may be defined as the involvement of individuals and groups that
are positively or negatively affected by a proposed intervention (e.g. a project, a programme, a
plan, a policy) subject to a decision-making process or are interested in it. Levels of participation
in impact assessment vary, from passive participation or information reception (a unidirectional
form of participation), to participation through consultation (such as public hearings and open-
houses), to interactive participation (such as workshops, negotiation, mediation and even co-
management). Different levels of public participation may be relevant to the different phases of
an impact assessment process, from initial community analysis and notice of the proposed
intervention, to approval decision making, to monitoring and follow-up.

OBJECTIVES OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

Public participation is essential for good governance and may empower local
communities. Impact assessment is multi-purposive, aiming specifically to:

 Invite the affected and interested public into the decision-making process to foster
justice, equity and collaboration;

 Inform and educate the stakeholders (which includes the proponent, public,
decision-maker(s) and the regulator) on the planned intervention and its
consequences;

 Gather data and information from the public about their human (including
cultural, social, economic and political dimensions) and biophysical environment,
as well as about the relations (including those related to traditional and local
knowledge) they have with their environment;

 Contribute to better analysis of proposals leading to more creative development,

more sustainable interventions and consequently greater public acceptance and
support than would otherwise be the case;
ROLE AND BENEFITS OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL
DECISION MAKING

When governments enable the public to participate in decision-making, they help meet
society’s goal of sustainable and environmentally sound development. Public participation in
environmental decision-making and, in particular, in EIA, may lead to some benefits in these
processes. As a result of public participation, the process of decision-making, up to and including
the final decision, becomes more transparent and legitimate. Public debate on proposed activities
among all interested groups at an early stage of decision-making may prevent or mitigate
conflicts and adverse environmental consequences of the decisions with transboundary impacts

METHODS OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

Questionnaires

 Detailed questionnaires on the project were administered among the neighbours and other
stakeholders within the vicinity of the project. Form the analysis; few are opposed to the
project. They are proposing various mitigation measures to be implemented and their
recommendations have been captured in the EMP. Sample questionnaires have been
attached to the study report