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Unit 4 TCM30105 PDF
Unit 4 TCM30105 PDF
Unit 4 TCM30105 PDF
Construction Technology
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Unit 4 Cables and Arches
4.1 Cables
4.2 Arches
4.3 Applications of Cables and Arches
Objectives
By the end of Unit 4, you should be able to:
• Determine the stability of cables subjected to concentrated loads.
• Identify the types of arch structures.
• Determine the stability of arch structures.
• Explain the applications of cables and arches in construction.
4.1 Cables
• Advantages:
– Provide contemporary design and translucency to suit specific
architectural expressions
– Lightweight and high tensile strength
– Faster construction time.
– Easier to be transported (in rolls)
– Good seismic resistance.
– Cheaper fire protection methods by using foaming polymers.
– Low maintenance cost
Advantages of Cables (Cont’)
• Potential drawbacks:
– Increased deformability mainly of kinematic nature
– Relatively poor anticorrosion resistance
– Need of supporting structures in taking up the abutment shear,
and because of light weight and deformability they require
special stabilization arrangements to provide geometric shape
invariabilities.
Analysis of Cables
Reading:
http://www.ijee.ie
Geometry of cable upon loading: /articles/Vol19-
2/IJEE1382.pdf
Analysis of Cables (Cont’)
Working example:
Consider the same example above, the values of
external loads, segment lengths and some of the sags
are given, as shown in Figure 4.5. Determine the
tension forces in each segment (TAB, TBC, TCD), and the
total length of the cable. D
0.5 m A
TCD 1.0 m
0.5m + y TAB
TBC C y
B
10 kN 5 kN
1.5 m 2.5 m 2m
4.2 Arches
• Advantages:
– Longer span
– Carry more loads
– Multitude of Uses
Types of Arches
h
b
A B
rxA rxB
L/2 L/2
ryA ryB
By taking Fy 0:
Working Example:
A three-hinged arch in a parabolic shape is used to
support a uniform load acting over the whole length of
the arch, as shown in Figure 4.14. Determine the
bending moment at point D. (Hint: The parabolic shape
of the arch has an equation of y x 102 x 2 ).
20
4.3 Applications of Cables and
Arches
• Cables are strong tensile members while arches are
good in compression.
• Thus, they are often used together to form an efficient
structural system to resist high structural loads over a
long span.
• For building structures, the common applications
include doorway, roof support, suspended members, or
even the main structure of a building.
• With respect to the bridges, the cables and arches are
typically used for suspension and cable-stayed bridges.
Building Structures
• Doorways
• Roof
Reading:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/tech/build-bridge-p3.html
Web Reference:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-zczJXSxnw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NfNUuMEhJs4
Thank you