 At Kaiser Permanente’s La Habra
Promoting Patient Safety Through Infection Control
Hospital architecture design features such as bacteria-
resistant surfaces, antimicrobial fabrics, bacteria-killing
lights, disinfectant stations, sink visibility, and careful
engineering of the building’s ventilation system can work
toward decreasing the spread and rate of infection in a
hospital setting.According to the World Health
Organization, the leading contributors to improved patient
health safety are educating healthcare workers on
handwashing hygiene and displaying hand hygiene
reminders in the workplace. These additional
recommendations can also reduce risks:
Bacteria-resistant finishes: The first line of defense against
HAIs are bacteria-resistant finishes. Most HAIs are caused
by unsanitary conditions in patient rooms or failure to follow
proper sanitation procedures. When patients move around
their rooms or when they are moved around the hospital for
x-rays, tests, etc., they touch the surfaces of handrails, tables,
chairs, and door handles. Using building materials that have
been coated or impregnated with copper has been shown to
reduce infection rates in hospitals, as copper has
antimicrobial properties. Using copper oxide-impregnated
bed sheets, pillowcases, scrubs, and hospital gowns can also
help reduce the spread of infection.
Lighting: Indigo LED lighting can help disinfect the air and
surfaces. Molecules in bacteria absorb the 405-nanometer
wavelength light, which causes a chemical reaction inside of
the cells and kills the bacteria. When HMC Architects
designed Henderson Hospital in Henderson, Las Vegas, we
used indigo lighting in treatment and operating rooms to
help disinfect operating tables and reduce the spread of
airborne bacteria. The lighting supplements the hospital’s
other sterilization methods. Handwashing and disinfectant
stations and clear wayfinding to them: While antimicrobial
materials can help reduce the spread of HAIs, the CDC
recommends cleaning surfaces carefully and encouraging
staff, patients, and visitors to wash their hands frequently.
When you design handwashing and disinfectant stations in
every room, consider where they are located. Providing
stations in a “can’t miss location” like the room entry where
it is clearly marked, you can support more effective infection
control management. You can also install signs that identify
what staff, patients, and visitors can do to reduce the spread
of infection, including clear hand-washing instructions.
Medical Office Building, we included
signage in every room offering helpful
safety and cleanliness tips and
encouraging everyone to follow best
practices, even if they have never been
trained on hospital safety procedures.
 ID high-risk patients: Identifying and
managing high-risk patients improves
outcomes for others. Some hospitals have
developed specific intake processes
around admission to screen out
widespread communicative diseases such
as severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS) and tuberculosis to identify and
separate patients so they don’t infect
others. Clearly identifying infectious
patients on the nursing floors allows
caregivers to protect themselves as well
as neighboring patients.
 Proper ventilation: A high-quality
ventilation system can mitigate the
spread of airborne diseases, such as
Legionnaires’ Disease, and remove
potentially harmful impurities from the
air to help ensure that patients with
respiratory conditions or allergies have
access to clean, contaminant-free air.
Independently operated and controlled air
systems in ICU’s can limit the spread of
contaminated air from unit to unit. The
ability to “isolate” units can
compartmentalize deadly infections so as
not to contaminate the entire hospital.
Increasing the number of airborne
infectious isolation rooms can also
mitigate risks.
By implementing designs that encourage staff,
patients, and visitors to wash their hands, and by
supporting these efforts through additional
tactics like antimicrobial lighting and improved
ventilation, you can effectively promote patient
safety in your facility.
Fore: What´s your opinion about article?
Listening: Complete with modal verbs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ACYTv4PyfwM
Complete the song: raise /can’t /would /’ve been/ 1. I ____swim when I was three years old. 
lost/ A. could B. can
Here’s to the ones that we got 2. Where is Kate? She _____ be home by now.
Cheers to the wish you weren here A. should B. shouldn´t
But you’re not 3. It is very dark in here. I ___see you very well.
Because the drinks bring back all the memories A. mustn’t B. can´t
Of everything we 1____ through 4. In my opinion, they ____ go to Portugal, not Italy.
Toast to the ones here today A. Should B. shouldn´t
Toast to the ones 5. You _____tell her about the surpise party. 
That we 2____on the way A. must B. mustn´t
Because the drinks bring back all the memories 6 I ______speak to Mr. Smith, please? 
And the memories bring back   A. must B. can
Memories bring back you 7. We _____  wait outside the restaurant. There
There’s a time that I remember aren't any empty tables.
When I did not know no pain A. don´t have to B. have to
When I believed in forever
8. You _____ listen to your parents. They want the
And everything 3._____stay the same
best for you.
Now my heart feel like December
A. could b. should c. mustn´t d. has to
When somebody say your name
 
Because I 4_____reach out to call you
9. The weather forecast says it _____  rain tomorrow
But I know I will one day, yeah
Everybody hurts sometimes
morning.
Everybody hurts someday
a. may b. must c. can d. has to
But everything going to be alright  
Go and 5.____a glass and say... 10. Sarah _____ play basketball better three years
ago.
II. Put the order the sentences into the song:  a. could b. can c. has to d. should

___That we lost on the way
__ Because the drinks bring back all the memories
___Here’s to the ones that we got
___ But you’re not
___Cheers to the wish you were here
___Of everything we’ve been through
___Toast to the ones here today
____Toast to the ones…
11. Danger! You ______ touch the lamp post.
 a. may b. has to c. mustn´t d. can
12. Susan ______ play chess really well. 
 a. could b. may c. can d. has to
Task 1
Draw and write signage, messages use in hospitals