Report on a comparative study of heat

requirements of conventional batch

cooking and super batch cooking

By
AJITHREDDY GUNDA.
T.VINAY KUMARREDDY.
A.VISHNU VARDHANREDDY.
DODLA YESWANTHREDDY.

SUBMITTED ON: 09-06-2009

ABSTRACT:
A comparative study of heat requirements of conventional batch digester and super batch digester
has been made. The calculated total heat consumed by conventional batch cooking comes around
35.327201*10^9 J and for super batch cooking comes around 44.0662*10^9J showing super batch
cooking is more energy efficient than conventional cooking system.

KEY WORDS:
Super batch process, Conventional batch process and heat balance.

INTRODUCTION:
The super batch process is more energy efficient compared to the conventional batch process. Due
to the high energy consumption and higher kappa no. of the pulp obtained from the conventional
batch process, the super batch process is preferred. Super batch process offers low specific energy
consumption, low chlorinated compounds in the bleach effluent and uniform quality of pulp with
varying raw material and production rates.

System analysis:
We consider a 80 m³ conventional batch digester and a 200 m³ super batch digester for this study.

Table 1: Gives data about the various input parameters of the digester.
S.NO PARAMETER CONVENTIONAL SUPER BATCH
BATCH DIGESTER DIGESTER
1 Digester yield (tons/dig) 9.66 25.3
2 Chips charged/dig 30 71.5
3 Yield (%) 46 46

WOOD PROPERTIES

4 Moisture (%) 30 30
5 Temperature (degrees) 30 30
6 Sp.heat (J/Kg-C) 2104.9 2104.9

1 STAGE FILTRATE BLACK LIQUOR

7 Solids (%) 12 16
8 Dry solids sp.heat(j/kg-c) 2009.6 2009.6
9 Temperature (c) 60 80

WHITE LIQUOR

10 Active Alkali (kg/m^3) 80 85

11 Total Solids 6.7 6.7
12 Sp.gravity 2009.6 2009.6
13 Temperature(c) 60 80
14 Solids Sp.gravity(j/kg-c) 1.0325 1.0325
 BLACK LIQUOR

15 Charged (m^3/dig) 16.33333 32.3356

16 Total Solids (%) 14 18
17 Bulk Density (kg/lit) 1.1041 1.1041
18 Active alkali charged (%) 15% 19%
19 Cooking temperature (c) 170 162

S.NO PARAMETER FORMULA CONVENTIONAL SUPER BATCH

BATCH DIGESTER DIGESTER
1 Wood moisture (tons) %moisture*chips/100 9.0 21.45
2 O.D Wood (tons) Tons of chips-wood 21 50.05
moisture
3 Pulp (tons) Yield*tons of wood 9.66 23.023
4 Lignin 11.34 27.027
5 Black liquor charged (lit/dig) 12000 28900
6 BL Mass (kg) 13249.2 31908.49
7 BL Solids Mass (%BL solid 1589.904 5743.5282
mass*mass
Of BL)/100
8 BL Water Mass 11659.3 26164.961
9 Active Alkali charged (kg) (%AA*OD wood)/100 3150 9509.5
10 White Liquor charged (m^3) AA charged/AA 38.89 112
density
11 WL Mass (kg) 40153.925 115640
12 WL solids charged (kg) 2690.313 7747.88
13 WL Water charged (kg) 37463.61203 107892.12
Table 2: Gives data about various parameters used in study.

Table3: Gives calculated heat requirements of both digesters.

CONVENTIONAL BATCH DIGESTER SUPER BATCH DIGESTER

MATERIAL wt*10^3 Spht*10^3 Initial Final Temp Req wt*10^ spht*10^ Initial Final Tem Req
S.No
(kg) Ene*10^9 3 3 p Ene*1
(j/kg-c) temp(c) temp(c) Dif Temp Tem
^9
(c) (j/dig) (kg) (j/kg-c) p Dif
(c)
(j/dig

1 Pulp 9.66 2.1049 30 165 135 2.745 23.02 2.1049 80 162 82 3.97
3 9

2 Lignin 11.34 2.0090 30 165 135 3.0725 27.02 2.0090 80 162 82 4.45
7 7

3 Wood 9.0 4.1867 30 165 135 5.0867 21.45 4.1867 80 162 82 7.36
15
Moisture
4 WL Solids 2.600 2.0096 80 165 85 0.4595 7.747 2.0096 140 162 22 0.34
3 88 5

5 WL Water 37.46 4.1867 80 165 85 13.3323 107.8 4.1867 140 162 22 9.94
4 92

6 BL Solids 1.589 2.0099 80 165 85 0.27158 5.743 2.0099 140 162 22 0.25
1 5 851

7 BL Water 11.65 4.1867 80 165 85 3.6611 26.16 4.1867 140 162 22 2.40
4 89

8 Digester 1.449 150*10^6*23.023 3.45

shell
150*10^6*9.66

0.11592 10.55*10^6*25.76 0.24

741
9 Digester 10.55*10^6*9.66
Insulation

0.241 26*10^6*25.76 0.59

598
10 Radiation 26*10^6*9.66

4.8924 180*25.76*2.7725*10^6 11.0

4
11 Relief 180*9.66*2.7725*10^6

Total 35.3272 Total 44.0

Thus,

Total heat consumed in conventional batch digester: 35.327201*10^9 Joules.

Total heat consumed in super batch process is: 44.0662*10^9 Joules.

ACKNOLEDGEMENT:
We thank M/s TAMILNADU NEWSPRINT AND PAPERS LIMITED for their cooperation during our
study in the mill.