Unit 12: CAREERS

1. Grammar: What clauses as subjects

If you want to emphasize an idea, and show listeners that you

want to say something important, you can use a what clause.

What clauses are often the subject of the verb be.

Example:
-You need a lots of information (without emphasize)
-What you need is a lots of information. (emphasizing)
*My friend did something interesting (without emphasize)
*What my friend did was interesting (emphasizing)
- I would talk to people (without emphasize)
- What I would do is talk to people (emphasizing)
* I’m saying you need to… (without emphasize)
* What I’m saying is you need to…(emphasizing)
When the what clause is the subject of a sentence, the verb can
be followed by one word or a phrase. It can be followed by a noun.
What you need is a lots of information. (Noun)
It can be followed by an adjective.
What my friend did was interesting (adjective)
It can be followed by a verb.
What I would do is talk to people (verb)
It can be followed by a clause with or without that.
What I’m saying is you need to choose a career you’ll like
(clause)
What I’m saying is that you need to choose a career you’ll like.
Grammar: What clauses as subjects
You can use what clauses to introduce important information.
They are often the subject of the verb be, which can be followed
by a word or phrase (noun, adjective, or verb), or by a clause.
2. Grammar: Long noun phrases as subjects
You can also use a long noun phrase as the subject of the
sentence to introduce important ideas.
Examples:
-You need information.
-The thing you need is information.
A noun phrase is a phrase where the noun is the most important
or key word. Here the noun is thing.
Noun phases: thing // The thing // The main thing // The main
thing you need // The main thing you need to do.
A long noun phrase can be the subject of the verb be.
The main thing you need is information.
When a long noun phrase is the subject of a sentence, the verb
can be followed by a noun.
- The main thing you need is information (noun)
The verb can also be followed by an adjective.
Something my friend did was interesting (adjective)
The verb can also be followed by a verb or to + verb.
The best thing to do is (to) talk to people (verb)
The verb can also be followed by a clause with or without that.
The good thing about that is (that) you end up whit a job you
love (clause)
3. Grammar: The future continuous
I’m studying nursing now. Five years from now, I’ll be working
in health care.
I'll be working is the future continuous.
Use the future continuous for ongoing activities in the future.

You can also use the future continuous for events you expect to
happen.
I’ll be graduating in two years (I expect to graduate in two years)
I’ll be starting a degree this fall
The future continuous is will + be + verb + -ing.
-I’ll be working in the health care.
-I won’t be working in this job.
-I’ll be graduating in two years.
-I’ll be starting a degree this fall.
You can use might and may instead of will.
-I may be working in publishing.
-I might be working as a translator.
4. Grammar: The future perfect
My wife is in school now. Five years from now, she will have graduated.
(future perfect)

Use the future perfect for things you expect to be finished by a

certain time in the future.

Five years from now, my wife will have graduated. = Her graduation

will be finished before five years from now

Use the future perfect for events that are in the past when you
"view" them from the future.
The future perfect is will + have + past participle.

- My wife will have graduated by then.

- I probably won’t have had much experience.

5. Conversation strategy: Introducing what you say

I worked at that theme park last summer.
What I thought was good was I got to see a lot of the concerts.

Introduce what you say

What I thought was good was (that) I got to see a lot of the concerts.

What I heard was (that) it's hard to get a job there.

What I read was (that) it's hard to get a job there.

What I was going to tell you was (that) they have a job fair in the spring.
What I was going to say was (that) they have a job fair in the spring.
The best part is (that) I got to go on all the rides for free.
The best part was (that) I got to go on all the rides for free.
Didn't you work in that theme park? The reason I ask is (that) I want to
apply for a job there.

6. Strategy plus: I don't know if . . .

You can use I don't know if . . . to introduce a statement, often to
involve the other person in the topic.
I worked in that theme park. I don't know if you know, but you get a free
season pass. They have a job fair every spring. I don't know if you're
familiar with one, but you go around the park and interview for different
jobs.
Some of the most common expressions with I don't know if are:

-I don't know if you've ever heard . . .

-I don't know if you've heard . . .
-I don't know if you're familiar with . . .
-I don't know if you've ever seen . . .
-I don't know if you've seen . . .
PRE TEST
33. TRUE
34.TRUE
35. FALSE
36. TRUE
37. DOESN’T SAY