SEWERAGE TREATMENT PLANT

NAME OF WORK :- CONSTRUCTION OF PROPOSED SEWERAGE

TREATMENT PLANT AT -------------

PRE- ANOXIEC MBBR SYSTEM

BOD Inlet Parameters:-

COD 350 mg/Lt
BOD 200 mg/Lt
TDS 100.00 mg/Lt
TSS 100.00 mg/Lt
pH 6.50  

After Treated Water Parameters:

COD Less than 50 mg/Lt
BOD Less than 10 mg/Lt
Oil & Less than 10 mg/Lt
Grease
pH 6.0-8.50

SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT: -

Proposed scheme for MBBR Treatment Plant >

FINE SCREEN SCREEN

 OIL & GREASE CHAMBER

GRIT CHAMBER

EQULIZATION TANK

ANOXIEC TANK

MBBR TANK-2 STAGE

CALRIFIER SETTLING TANK

SLUDGE HOLDING TANK

FILTER FEED WATER TANK

TREATED WATER TANK

END USE

This process refers to the operation of activated sludge tanks in various

Configurations in a combination of

1) Suspended biomass,
2) MLSS (mixed liquid suspended solids) and
3) Attached biomass, which is attached to the media.
Such kind of operation is generally classified as Moving Bed BIO Reactor
(MBBR).

Basic principle:-

Flock forming organism’s form clusters or attach to available surfaces. The

media Carrier Material allows high biomass concentrations per cubic meter of
material, which Increases the specific volumetric capacity of activated sludge
tanks Controls Biomass activity Reduces operating cost the bar screen
removes larger floating Matter and suspended particles. Screened Sewage
flows into the STP tank, which contains the MBBR media. The MBBR media
significantly increases the surface Area for bacterial growth. Air is supplied
through fine Diffusers. Bacteria oxidize the organic matter present in the
sewage. Oxidized sewage Overflows in the Lamella settler. Suspended
particles in the treated wastewater settle, with a part of the settled sludge
sliding back to the aeration tank. The clarifier Mechanism provides larger
surface areas, thus reducing the settling tank size. Treated water Overflows
into a chlorine contact tank, wherein dosing hypochlorite Solution through an
Electronic dosing system disinfects the treated water.

PROCESS DETAILS :-

Bar Screen :-

Raw sewage from the source is usually received into the bar screen chamber
by Gravity. Screen provided will remove all floating and big size matter such as
Plastic bottles, polythene bags, Glasses, stones, etc., which may otherwise
choke the pipeline and pumps. The bar screens are Designed one set...The
bar screen spaced minimum we have designed 20 mm.

Oil and Grease Trap :-

The sewage generated includes maximum quantity from kitchen and canteen,
There is a Possibility of higher concentrations of oil and grease in the raw
Sewage. It needs to be removed before biological treatment as it otherwise
may Cause problems for biological treatment. Usually, a small civil construction
tank with a baffle wall and slotted oil pipe skimmer is provided. The oil and
grease removed by gravity floats to the surface, which is removed by the oil
Skimmer.

Equalization Tank (Civil Construction):-

Sewage generation is more during morning hours and evening hours. Visually
no Sewage is generated during night hours. Any biological system needs
constant Feed for Bacteria to work efficiently. Hence, it is important to put
equalization Tank to collect the Excess flow during peak hours and feed
sewage in lean hours. A typical equalization tank has a capacity of 7 hours of
average flow rate. The. Provision of air grid is to be made for thoroughly mixing
the Sewage to make it of homogenous quality and to keep the suspended
matter in Suspension and to avoid septic conditions.

ANOXIC TANK :- The main aim of Anoxic tank is designed Aerobic Anoxic
Process nitrate is fed to the anoxic reactor from nitrate in the return activated
sludge flow and pumping mixed liquor from aerobic zone . The Key parameters
of Nitrogen removal 1. Anoxic detention time 2. MLVSS Concentration 3.
Internal recycle rate and Return sludge flow 4. Influent BOD or biodegradable
COD (b COD) concentration 5. The readly biodegradable COD (r COD) 6.
Temperature.

The Anoxic zones are designed single stage or a series of complete mix tanks
with equal detention time. The Mechanical Mixing Power requirements Anoxic
zone range 8 to 13 KW /10 cum.

Transfer of Sewage:-

The sewerage transfer from Equalization Tank to STP treatment tank (MBBR
TANK). The Distance of transfer should not exceed beyond 5 meter. The
transfers Pump Non-clog Sewerage pump.

MBBR MEDIA (MBBR) :-

MBBR Media (MBBR) as the name indicates consists of floating media of

various Shapes and Sizes. The main objective of adding this media is to make
available more surface area for Bacteria to grow on, thereby maintaining and
retaining Maximum possible bacterial population in a limited volume. The FM
media Material allows biomass concentration of 60 Kgs/m3 Material. Thus,
MBBR Consists of combination of biomass in attached as well as suspended
Form. High Concentration of biomass enables reduction of aeration tank and in
turn reduction in Overall cost. Volume of the media shall vary from 6 to 25 %
based on the Concentration of Organic matter.

Another main feature of the MBBR is its compactness. The MBBR consists of
biological system for removal of organic matter (BOD, COD), lamella for
Clarification and chlorine contact tank for Disinfection. As all units are placed
inside a single tank, it saves space and also increases Operational ease.
In MBBR, raw sewage enters at the top of the tank. Air is introduced at the
bottom of the tank through fine bubble diffusers. Media will be in suspension
because of the turbulence created by the air. The bacteria required for the
oxidation of the Organic matter is attached to the media and some part is
suspended in the tank.

After oxidation, the bacteria grow in number and need to be separated from the
Aeration tank liquor. The Clarifier section inside the MBBR helps in Clarification
and separation of the bacteria (sludge) and clear overflow flows into chlorine
Contact Tank. Clarifier helps in increasing the settling area and removing the
Particles effectively in a smaller plan area. In chlorine contact tank, Sodium
hypo Chlorite (NaOCl) is added for disinfecting the clarified sewage. Baffle is
provided to make better contact. The chlorinated Treated sewage then flows
out of MBBR either for further treatment or for disposal.

TREATED WATER COLLECTION TANK:-

The treated water is collecting from activated carbon filter; the treated water
sump has designed Minimum 6 hours holding time. From chlorine dosing tank
to hypo Chlorine is pumping to treated water Tank to remove odder .The
treated water Tank to Sludge the sludge to concentrate at the bottom of
Clarifier, and sludge to Pumping by using sludge transfer Pump and holding to
sludge holding tank .From sludge holding tank to filter press by using screw
Pumps .The Filter press Network has designed.

Two valves one valve opened the sludge to connecting To Equalization tank,
Second valve opened the after to passing to Filter Feed Tank. This is
continuing Process, after concentration, the bottom sludge Valve can be open
to drain the required quantity of Sludge. An air scour pipe is provided to
dislodge any Media choking the drain outlet. Open the air scour Valve For
short time to remove the clog.

Reference books:-

1. Sewerage treatment & Disposal and waste water engineering by Dr.

Pn.modi
2. Sewerage Disposal and Air pollution engineering by – sk .garg
3. Waste water treatment by Metcalf & Eddy
4. Central public health environmental engineering organization
5. Karnataka state pollution control board hand book

Tube Settler Tank : -

The clarifier mechanisms offered will tubular settling or lamella settling
Since the flow Rate is low. For higher flow rate conical circular clarifier
is offered with scraper and Decanter mechanisms.
Tubular Settling :-
The thick 5mm plastic or FRP sheets are closely packed and arranged
in a slope with an 45 Degree angle for the purpose of efficient settling the
heavier suspended mass and particles flow Down to the bottom of the tank and
the clarified water over flows to the next subsequent tank. Where clear clarified
water is collected. The bottom of the will have hopper arrangement to Collect
the sludge where it can be dislodged periodically and system

Pressure sand Filter :-

The pressure sand filter is used as a tertiary treatment unit to trap the
Trace amounts of solids which escape to clarifier, and can typically
Handle up to 50 mg/l of solids in an economical manner. The sand used
In the PSF is not ordinary construction sand. It has particle size in a
Septic range, and specially sleeved for this purpose.
Thick of sand filter as a 3D filter as compared to planer filters like a tea
Bag .The filtration occurs along the entire depth of the sand layer. The
Sand particles in water get entrapped and enmeshed in the spaces
Between the sand particles.
Gradually the space between sand particles gets filled with incoming
Solids. This blocks the passage of water through the sand layer. As a
Result, the pressure at the outlet drops rapidly and wastes the pumping
Power and reduces the throughput of the filter.
The pressure drops beyond a limit; the sand is cleaned by backwashing
of the filter with water, in which water is passed in the reverse direction.
The backwash water carries away the lighter pollutant solid particles as
Backwash waste.

Activated Carbon Filter :-

Activated carbon filter is typically manufactured from coconut shell the
Activation process creating a highly porous material with very large
Surface area .organic polluent molecules are physically adsorbed and
Held fast within the catacomb-like porous structure of the activated
Carbon.Granually activated carbon is typically used for this purpose.
The water filled by pressure sand filter enters the activated carbon filter.
Unlike in the case of the sand filter, trapped molecules in the carbon
Cannot be backwashed and rid of. Hence activated carbon in the filter
Has a finite capacity to absorb and hold the pollutants, after which the
 Carbon is said to be exhausted. The exhausted material is removed from
The filter and disposed off. Fresh activated carbon is charged in the filter.

Air piping : - Air piping consists of mains, valves, meters, and other fittings
That transported compressed air from blowers to the diffusers. Because the
Pressures are low light weight piping will be used.
The air discharged by blowers 60 – 80 degree c, condensation in the air
Piping
Is not a problem, except where pipe ing in submerged in the waste water.
Friction losses in air piping can be calculated using the Darcy-weisbach
Equation
HL = f x L/D X hi
Where HL = friction loss, mm of water
F = dimensionless friction factor obtained from moody diagram
L = Equelent length of pipe
D = pipe diameter
Hi = velocity head of air.

Settling Velocity : - The sand particle of 0.2- mm size with specific gravity
of 2.65 is observed to settle at a rate of 2.30 cm/s
Fine Bubble Diffusers generated with ceramic, plastic, or flexible membranes.
Coarse bubble Diffusers generated with orifices, injectors and nozzles.
We have proposed Dome type Diffuser.
Blowers: - Three types of blowers commonly used for aeration. Centrifugal,
Rotary lobe positive displacement and inlet guide vane – variable diffuser. The
Centrifugal blowers are almost used unit greater than 425 cum /min of free of
Air.
Air Piping: - Air piping consists of mains, valves, meters and other fittings
That transports compressed air from the blowers to the air diffusers. Friction
Losses calculated using the Darcy – Weisbach equation.

MBBR Media :-
Size of Bubble – 1 mm to 2 mm
Moc of Diffuser – EPDM /Silicon
Flow rate per Diffuser – 2.0-5.0 cum /hr (63X610)
5.0-10.00 cum / hr (63x1000)
9.0-12.50 cum/ hr (90x1000)
Fine Bubble Disc Diffuser
Type of Bubble – Fine Bubble (Aeration Tank)
Coarse Bubble - (Equalization Tank)
Disc Diffuser 85 degree c
Operating Temperature --- 40 degree c
Shape of Diffuser – Disc Type
Tube Settler Media:-