Name : elsa safitri

Nim : 1820205051

Class : pbi 02

The Word and Above

Phonological Units Above the Syllable

A syllable is a single, unbroken sound of a spoken (or written) word. A phoneme is the
smallest unit of sound. Example of phoneme Cat /kæt/, Carry /’kæri/,Calculate /kælkjuleIt/.
They appear as single written words, speakers will tend to regard these as sequences of two
words, contracted by the deletion of a vowel, as signalled by the apostrophe. Example Didn’t,
Can’t and It’s. But defferent with For phonological purposes, we can simply note these tricky
exceptional cases, and accept that native speakers typically have a good intuitive idea of what
a word is (although this is an issue of considerable interest to morphologists). What we are
interested in are the phonological properties of words; and the most important of these, in
English at least, is stress.example it’s and its.

Stress

Stress is one of the most important pronunciation point in english. How to pronounce word
stress? Longer in duration, Higher in picth and Louder in volume. Phonetic stress affects
mainly the vowel in each syllable, not the consonants. The vowel in aa stressed syllable gets
its full vowel sound.

The Foot

The foot is the next biggest phonological unit above the syllable. Foot represent the rhythmic
structure of the word and are the units that allow us to describe stress patterns. And the foot
can also be contrasted as stronger and weaker. The three most common types of feet :
Trochee (trochaic foot), Dactyl (dactylic foot) and Iamb (iambic foot).

Segmental phonology of the phrase and word

Phonetics is itself divided into two major components: segmental phonetics, which is
concerned with individual sounds (i.e. “segment” of speech) and suprasegmental phonetics
whose domains is the larger units of connected speech: syllables, words, phrases and text
Segmental Phoneme is a phoneme which can be segmented. Example: Indonesian word
“pasar” can be segmented into /p/, /a/, /s/, /a/, /r/. So, it has five segmental phonemes.