1general Agriculture Agriculture PDF

Document Code AP/GA/01
General Agriculture
Poshadri Page No 1 /50
08/11/2019
Issue Date
1. Agreement on Price Assurance and Farm Services (Dispute Resolution) Rules, 2020 act
come into enforce from 20th July, 2020.
2. THE FARMERS’ PRODUCE TRADE AND COMMERCE (PROMOTION AND

FACILITATION) ORDINANCE, 2020 enforced on 5th June, 2020
3. The Hon’ble Finance Minister announced on 15.05.2020 Rs 1 lakh crore Agri

Infrastructure Fund for farm-gate infrastructure for farmers. Financing facility of Rs.
1,00,000 crore will be provided for funding Agriculture Infrastructure Projects at farm-
gate & aggregation points (Primary Agricultural Cooperative Societies, Farmers Producer
Organizations, Agriculture entrepreneurs, Start-ups, etc.)
4. Agriculture and allied activities are the primary income source for ~58% of total
population of India. ~85% of the farmers are Small Holding Farmers (SHFs) with less
than 2 hectares of land under cultivation and manage ~45% of agricultural land.
5. Investment in agriculture in India has further been stagnant with less than 2% CAGR
over last 5 years.
6. The Directorate of Cashewnut & Cocoa Development (DCCD) is a national agency

primarily engaged in the overall development of Cashew and Cocoa in India works under
ministry of Agriculture and Farmers welfare.
7. Suprabha and Surbhi are varieties of – Ginger
8. Fruit cracking disease in Pomegranate is caused due to the deficiency of –Boron
9. Mauritius and Poovan are varieties of –Banana
10. Dwarfness in sugarcane is caused by –Virus
11. 186 laboratories for Agri product testing have been recently set up by Agricultural and
Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA).
12. Kerala state declare Jackfruit as the official state fruit
13. Ammonium Sulphate is a N-fertilizer suitable for water-logged soil.
14. Leaf drop disease in peach is caused due to the deficiency of Calcium
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Compiled & Edited By Poshadri A, Cell No. +919492828965
Email: poshadri_fst@yahoo.co.in
General Agriculture
08/11/2019
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15. Yellow Vein Mossaic is a disease of Okra
16. In agriculture Census, the operational holdings are categorized in five classes. Farmers
with land holding of 4.00 to 10.00 hectare belongs to Medium category.
17. The first areca nut to get the Geographic Indications (GI) tag is the Sirsi Supari. In which
state is this supari grown Karnataka and Karnataka is the leading areca nut producing
state
18. CS-52 and CS-54 are salt tolerant varieties of –Indian Mustard
19. Heart rot disease in Sugarbeet is caused due to the deficiency of – Boron
20. Linear settlement pattern is likely to develop in plain fertile agricultural regions
1. The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi Yojna (PM-KISAN) scheme, launched on 01
December 2018, has provided a direct cash benefit of overRs. 75,000 Crore to more than
9.9 Crore farmers.
2. Under the scheme an income support of Rs.6000/- per year in three equal installments
will be provided to small and marginal farmer families having combined land
holding/ownership of up to 2 hectares.
3. National Seeds Policy (2002)
4. National Food Security Mission (2007)
5. Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojna (2007)
6. Ashok Dalwai, Chairman, Committee on Doubling of Farmers' Income.
7. 54.6% of the population is engaged in agriculture and allied activities (census 2011) and
it contributes 17.4% to the country’s Gross Value Added for the year 2016-17 (at
current prices).
8. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojna (PMFBY) was launched from 1.04.2016 after rolling
back the earlier insurance schemes National Agriculture Insurance Scheme (NAIS),
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Weather-based Crop Insurance scheme and Modified National Agricultural Insurance

Scheme (MNAIS).
9. Unified Package Insurance Scheme (UPIS) and Restructured Weather Based Crop
Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS). Under the PMFBY & RWBCIS, a uniform maximum
premium of only 2% is to be paid by farmers for all Kharif crops and 1.5% for all Rabi
crops. In case of annual commercial and horticultural crops, the maximum premium to
be paid by farmers is only 5%.
10. In the first three years since the launch of the PMFBY, farmers have paid Rs 13,000 crore
as premium, while more than Rs 60,000 crore has been given out to them as claim.
11. Common Service Centres (CSCs) play pivotal role by helping non-loanee farmers to get
enrolled under PMFBY. During Kharif 2020, over 1 crore farmers enrolled under
PMFBY through CSCs.
12. Total geographical area of the country is 328.7 million hectares, of which reported net
sown area is 140.1 million hectares and the gross cropped area is 198.4 million hectares
with a cropping intensity of 142 percent.
13. The net area sown works out to be 43 percent of the total geographical area. The net
irrigated area is 68.4 million hectares.
14. Agriculture and Allied sectors witnessed a growth of 5.6 per cent in 2013-14, (-) 0.2 per
cent in 2014-15, 0.7 per cent in 2015-16 and 4.9 in 2016-17 at 2011-12 basic prices.
15. Cabinet decision was taken in July, 2016 for implementation of PMKSY in a mission
mode.
16. Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) was set up with a view to evolve a
balanced and integrated price structure, is mandated to advise on the price policy (MSP)
of 23 crops.
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17. Cost A2 - These are the costs the farmer actually pays out of his/her pocket for buying
various inputs ranging from seeds to fertilizers to pesticides to hired labour to hired
machinery or even leased-in land.
18. Cost A2 +FL - In agriculture, farmers also use a lot of family labour and if their cost is
imputed and added to cost A2, that concept is called cost A2+FL.
19. Cost C2 - the Comprehensive cost (cost C2), it includes imputed costs of family labour,
imputed rent of owned land and imputed interest on owned capital.
20. National commission on farmers head by M.S Swaminathan recommended a 50 per cent
margin over C2, which is also being the demand of the farmers.
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21. National Food Security Mission (NFSM) was launched in 2007-08 to increase the
production of rice, wheat and pulses by 10, 8 and 2 million tones.
22. Total 676 ATMAs have been constituted in 29 States and 3 UTs.
23. A country wide common eleven digit number ‘1800-180-1551’ has been allocated for
Kissan Call Center.
24. Marginal (Below 1.00 ha.), Small (1.00-2.00 ha.), Semi-Medium (2.00-4.00 ha.), Medium
(4.00-10.00 ha.), Large (Above10.00ha.).
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25. National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) on 14th April , 2016.

26. The Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937 provides for the grading and
marking of agricultural produce.
27. As on date, 105 Grading and Marking Rules covering 222 commodities, have been
notified under the provisions of AP (G&M) Act, 1937. These include fruits and
vegetables, cereals, pulses, oil seeds, vegetable oils, ghee, spices, honey etc. Grading and
marking of agricultural commodities is voluntary as per provisions of the Act.
28. Agriculture also matters for economic reasons because it still accounts for a substantial
part of GDP (16 percent) and employment (49 percent).
29. At 2011-12 prices, composition of Agriculture & allied, Industry, and Services sector are
14.39%, 31.46%, and 54.15%, respectively.
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30. Minimum Support Price of Kharif Crops for 2019-20 season
31. The Minimum Support Prices for all mandated crops is increased by the Cabinet
Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi
on June 1, 2020.
32. The MSP for Fair Average Quality (FAQ) of milling copra has been increased to Rs.
9,960/- per quintal for 2020 season from Rs. 9,521/- per quintal in 2019 and the MSP for
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ball copra has been increased to Rs. 10,300/- per quintal for 2020 season from Rs. 9,920/-
per quintal in 2019.
33.
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34. Over the last decade, the area under horticulture grew by 2.6% per annum and annual
production increased by 4.8%.
35. During 2017-18, the production of horticulture crops was 311.71 Million Tonnes from an
area of 25.43 Million Hectares
36. The production of vegetables has increased from 101.2 Million Tonnes to 184.40 Million
Tonnes since 2004-05 to 2017-18 and production of fruits has increased from 50.9
Million Tonnes to 97.35 Million Tonnes since 2004-05 to 2017-18.
37. Podu, Beewar, Penda,Jhum are local names in various parts of India to denote Shifting
kind of cultivation.
38. Andhra Pradesh is the largest producer of chillies and turmeric in India
39. NAFED is the central nodal agency for implementing price support operations for
commercial crops
40. 1966-1969 periods is known as first Green Revolution period in India
41. Pulses crops are not part of High-Yielding Varieties Programme
42. Pusa Sindhu Ganga is a variety of Wheat
43. Yellow Vein Mosaic is a serious disease of Okra
44. A Mallika mango variety has been developed as a result of cross between Dasheri and
Neelam
45. Dolomite powder is applied to increase the pH of Soil
46. Karnal Bunt is a disease of –wheat crop
47. Sulphur deficiency causes poor plant growth and pale green or yellow leaves
48. Chlorosis is responsible for the whitening of leaves
49. Headquarter of International Fund for Agriculture Development is located at Rome, Italy
50. Asia's first Rice Technology park to be established in – Karnataka
51. Acaricides used for controlling the mites
52. Joha and Black aromatic rice is from North East Region (NER) of India
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53. Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (Traditional Framing Improvemnet Programme):

The scheme was launched since 1.04.2015 as an elaborated component of soil Health
Management. Under the scheme, organic farming is promoted through adoption of
organic village by cluster approach and Participatory Guarantee System of certification.
54. Sikkim (in NER) is called as Organic Farming State in India from 2016
55. The number of agro-climatic zones in India under National Agricultural Research Project
is 127
56. Khaira disease of Rice crop is due to the deficiency of – Zn.
57. Maize in Mid Indo-Gangetic Plains (MIGP) & Southern Plateau (SP) have been classified
as risk prone under the impacts of climate change with reduced productivity
58. Ratna is hybrid mango developed from the cross of Neelum and Alphonso
59. Mauritius, Poovan, Lal Velchi are varieties of –Banana
60. White bud in maize is caused due to the deficiency of –Zn
61. COJ-64 and CO7717 are early maturing varieties of –Sugarcane
62. Fertilizers are added to supply mainly three nutrients - Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P) and
Potassium (K). Biofertlizers also supply NPK.
63. Black soils is ideal for cultivation of cotton as it can retain moisture
64. The ideal minimum temperature for the growth of sugarcaneis 20°C
65. Seed-Fertilizer-Water technology is most appropriately describes the nature of Green
Revolution of late sixties of 20th century
66. Cotton was produced first by the Egyptians
67. Nicotiana Rustica is a variety of –Tobacco
68. Leaf Curl disease in Okra(Lady finger) is caused by White fly
69. Alluvial soil is the most productive soil in India
70. The rotation intensity of Maize-Potato-Mung bean is -300%
71. "White rust" is an important fungal disease of –Mustard
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72. Solanika" is an early maturing variety of –Wheat

73. Ganga 101" and "Ranjit Decan" are the varieties of –Maize
74. 1) Megra, 2) Malpuri and 3) Bagri are breeds of Sheep
75. Koter spot disease of turnip is caused due to the deficiency of –Calcium
76. Little leaf disease of mango and brinjal is caused due to the deficiency of –Zinc
77. "Pusha RH-10" is a hybrid variety of –Basmati Rice
78. The most popular fertilizer for foliar application is –Urea
79. The Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority' (APEDA)
functions as the Secreatariat for the implementation of National Programme for Organic
Production' (NPOP).
80. Irrigation over a period of time can contribute to the salinization of some agricultural
lands.
81. If the tip of sugarcane plant is removed from the field, even then it keeps on growing in
length. It is due to the presence of - Intercalary meristem
82. Seva Bhoj Yojana, launched by Ministry of Culture, Gol, in 2018-19 is related to - Goods
and Services Tax
83. Gir Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, and Deoni are the breeds of –Cows
84. SAARC Agriculture Centre (SAC) is based in Dhaka
85. The greatest variety of flowers found in Uttar Pradesh hills
86. Among Indian States, West Bengal has the highest yield (per hectare) of rice
87. The water holding capacity of defferent types of soils decreases in the order - Clay > Silt
> Sand
88. Groundwater mining in coastal areas can result into - increase in the salinity of
groundwater
89. Seed that is changed every year is known as - Hybrid seed
90. The gas which emits for rice field is –Methane
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91. Dapog' method of rice nursery was developed in – Philippines

92. First dwarf rice variety developed in India was –Jaya
93. The first transgenic crop was –Tobacco
94. Black and alluvial soils have supported agriculture for centuries without much manuring
or fallowing.
95. Depending on the area in the South Asian region, the Kharif crops are cultivated and
harvested during the months of - April and October
96. The practice of raising grazing livestock such as cattle or sheep for meat or wool is
known as –Ranching
97. Punjab Agricultural University has recently developed genetically-modified cotton
varieties
98. Sabarmati' and 'Jamuna' are two new varieties of –Rice
99. HD 2967 is the new high yielding variety of –Wheat
100. The Minimum Support Price for Foodgrains was introduced in the year -1964
101. A crop grown in zaid season is Water melon
102. Fire curing is followed in - Chewing type tobacco
103. Groundnut pegs when developed in the soil from –fruits
104. Gynodioecious varieties of papaya produce - Only female plants
105. Total Geographical Area of the country- 329 Mha
1. Net sown area of the country- 140 Mha (42.57% of total area)
2. Gross sown area of the country- 195 Mha
3. Barren land area in the country- 41 Mha
4. Degraded land area in the country- 63.85 Mha
5. Waste land area in the country- 178 Mha
6. Total Forest area in the country- 70.82 Mha (21.54% of total geographical area)
7. State with highest forest area in the country is- Madhya Pradesh, followed by Arunachal
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8. Pradesh and Chhattisgarh

9. For maintaining ecological balance percentage of the land area should be under forest
is- 33
10. Irrigated area in India- 64.7 Mha (2018)
11. Government of India declared “2018” as- National year of Millets
12. Contribution of Livestock to National GDP is- 4.5%
13. Contribution of Livestock to Total Agricultural GDP- 27%
14. Cropping Intensity of India is - 136%
15. Growth rate of Agriculture sector during 2017-18 is- 2.4%
16. The estimated growth rate of agriculture during 2018-19 was- 2.7%
17. Overall economic growth rate during 2017-18 - 7.2 %
18. Contribution of Agriculture and allied sectors to GDP is- 17.2% (2017-18)
19. The government has set an ambitious food grains target of 291.1 million tonnes (mt)
for 2019-20, nearly 2.6 per cent more than the previous year’s 283.7 mt,
20. The target set for rice during 2019-20 is 116 mt, 3 mt more than that in 2018-19, wheat
production target is set at 100.5 mt, which is marginally higher than the previous year’s
21. *Total Pulse production for the year 207-18 is- 23.95 Mt
22. Among Oil seeds the crop with highest production and largest area under cultivation is –
Soyabean
23. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) South Asia Regional Centre established at-
Varanasi, U.P. (Dec, 2018).
24. Rice Knowledge bank launched (an agriculture web portal) launched on- 28 Feb, 2019 at
Assam Funded by World bank for enhancing knowledge on Rice production techniques
and technologies)
25. World Bank assisted project State of Maharashtra’s Agribusiness and Rural
Transformation (SMART) launched to transform Rural Maharashtra
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26. Union Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare launched online software for
processing applications, Agmark quality certification mark for agricultural products is-
AGMARK Online system
27. First SAARC Agri Cooperative Business Forum held in – 28-30 August, 2018
Kathmandu, Nepal
28. Union Ministry of Commerce & Industry launched- Coffee Connect & Coffee Krishi
tharanga.
29. 14 products received Geographical Indication (GI) tag from Government of India, 2019.
30. Asian tea Alliance launchced in China on April 19, 2019 (Members of this association
are India, China, Srilanka, Indonesia and Japan.
31. Annual Average rainfall of the country for the year 2018 - 804 mm (Avg. rainfall of the
country is 890 mm).
32. Vegetable breeder Simon Groot of the Netherlands is the 2019 World Food Prize
Laureate. Groot developed a global network of seed producers who are transforming the
lives of 20 million farmers every year
33. First World Food Prize won by- MS Swaminathan
34. Total milk production in the year 2018-19 was- 187.75 million tonnes
35. Per capita availability of Milk in India- 394 gm per person per day
36. The average yield animal per day for exotic/cross bred is 7.95kg per day and for
indigenous/non –descript is 3.01 kg per day
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37. India’s share in World Milk production- 17%

38. Top 5 milk producing states are UP (16.3%), Rajasthan (12.6%), Madhya Pradesh
(8.5%), A.P (8.0%), Gujarat (7.7%).
39. The total egg production in the country is 103.32 billion numbers(2018-19)
40. The per-capita availability of egg is 79 per annum (2018-19)
41. Top 5 egg producing states are A.P (19.1%), TN (18.2%), Telangana (13.2%), West
Bengal (8.3%), Haryana (5.9%).(2018-19)
42. The total meat Production in the country is 8.11 Million Tonnes(2018-19)
43. The top 5 meat producing states are U.P (15.1%), Maharashtra (12.6%), WB (10.2%),
A.P (9.6%) and Telangana (9.3%).(2018-19)
44. MSP announced by- Government of India: MSP is calculated based on Avg. Cost of
Production.
45. The state that produces highest food grains is- Uttar Pradesh
46. The State that produces highest Pulses is-Madhya Pradesh
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47. The state that ranks first in Oilseed production is- Rajasthan
48. Time period for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) set up by UN is- 2015-
2030
49. Number of Sustainable Development goals- 17
50. Main aim of Sustainable Development Goals laid by the United Nations is - to ensure
food security vis-à-vis nutritional security.
51. Concept of ‘Climate smart agriculture’ given by- FAO
52. Share of Agriculture and allied sectors to India’s national employment- 52%
53. Chairman of 15th Finance Commission (2017-2022) was- NK Singh
54. Total number of regulated markets in India- 7320
55. Total number of APMCs (Agricultural Produce Market Committees)- 585
56. Total number of GRAMs (Gramin Retail Agriculture Markets)-22,000
57. Model Contract farming Act bill passed on-May, 2018
58. Model Contract farming Act will provide adequate confidence to farmers and incentives
to sponsors to enter into contract.
59. Govt. of India Constituted Agri export policy for farmers on- 9 Dec, 2018 (aim: to
double agri exports to 60 billion$ by 2022)
60. India ranks in terms of Cultivation of GM Crops/Biotech crops- - 5th
61. New scheme launched by National Cooperative Development Corporation (NCDC) for
giving wings to Young entrepreneurs in Cooperatives is- Yuva Sahakar Scheme.
62. Pradhan Mantra Kisan SAMPADA Yojana- May, 2017 and SAMPADA - Scheme for
Agro Marine Processing and Development of Agro processing Clusters
63. Govt. of India formulated point strategy to double farmers income- Seven point strategy
64. All agricultural programs and policies shift their focus from- Production oriented to
Income oriented approach.
65. Number of Insecticides/pesticides registered in India (as of Dec. 2018) is- 282
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66. RKVY (Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana)- renamed as- Remunerative Approaches for
Agriculture and Allied sector Rejuvenation (RAFTAAR)
67. Time period of RKVY- RAFTAAR increased from- 2017-2020
68. 100% FDI is allowed in – cold storage, ware houses and Food Processing sector
69. The average size of land holding in India is- 1.08 ha (The average size of operational
holdings is highest in Nagaland (5 hectares) and lowest in Kerala (0.18 hectares).
70. Total no. of Agri Export Zones in India -60
71. Integrated farming System (IFS) is the key approach for doubling farmers income by
2022
72. Total number of Mega food parks in India- 42
73. Pesticide Management bill passed in- 2017
74. Agricultural produce and livestock marketing promotion & Facilitation Act passed in-
2017.
75. Portal launched by central government of India for e-marketing of Organic products is-
Jaivik kheti portal
76. company owned by DARE, under Ministry of Agriculture and farmers Welfare is- Agri
innovate india
77. Percentage of Gross Cultivated Area Utilized by Horticulture is- 16%
78. Contribution of Horticulture to Gross Value Addition (GVA)/GDP of Agriculture is-
38%
79. Contribution of horticulture to Agriculture GVA/GDP is- 38%
NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES:
1. CAZRI : Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan

2. CFTRI : Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka
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3. CICR : Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, Maharashtra

4. CPRI : Central Potato Research Institute, Simla, H.P.
5. CRIJAF : Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, W.B.
6. CIAE : Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, M.P.
7. CPCRI : Central Plantation crops Research Institute, Kasargod, Kerala
8. CRIDA : Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, A.P.
9. CRRI : Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Orissa
10. CSWCRTI : Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute,
Dehradun, U.P.
11. CTCRI : Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, (Trivendrum),
Kerala
12. CSSRI : Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana
13. CTRI : Central Tobacco Research Institute, Rajahmundry, A.P.
14. DOR : Directorate of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, A.P.
15. DRR : Directorate of Rice Research, Hyderabad, A.P.
16. DWR : Directorate of Wheat Research, Karnal, Haryana
17. DWMR : Directorate of Water Management Research Institute, Jhansi, U.P.
18. FRI : Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, U.P.
19. IARI : Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi
20. IGFARI : Indian Grassland Fooder and Agroforestry Research Institute, Jhansi, U. P.
21. IISR : Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, U.P.
22. IISS : Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, M.P.
23. IIPR : Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, U.P.
24. IIHR : Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, Karnataka.
25. ILRI : Indian Lac Research Institute, Ranchi, Bihar
26. JTRL : Jute Technological Research Laboratory, Kolkata, W.B.
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27. NCMRT : National Centre for Mushroom Research and Training, Solan, H.P.
28. NRCG : National Research Centre for Groundnut, Junagadh, Gujarat
29. NRCS : National Research Centre for Sorghum, (Directorate of Sorghum Research)
Hyderabad, A.P.
30. NRC for Soybean, Indore, M.P.
31. NRC for Spices, Calicut, Kerala
32. NRC for Cashew, Pattur, Karnataka
33. NRC for Citrus, Nagpur, Maharasthra
34. NRC for Rapeseed and Mustard, Bharatpur, Rajasthan
35. NRC for Oil Palm, Pedavegi, Andhra Pradesh.
36. NCWS : National Centre for Weed Science, Jabalpur, M.P.
37. NBPGR : National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi
38. NAARM : National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Hyderabad
39. NBSSLUP : National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning,
Nagpur,Maharashtra
40. NPPTI : National Plant Protection Training Institute, National Institute of plant v
41. Health Management, Hyderabad, A.P.-NIPHM.
42. PDCSR : Project Directorate for Cropping Systems Research, Meerut, U.P.
43. SBI : Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
44. CGIAR : Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research, Washington, D.C.
45. CIFOR : Centre for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia
46. CIAT : Centre International de Agricultural Tropical, Cali, Columbia
47. CIMMYT : Centre International de la Mejoramientode Maizy Trigo, Mexico
48. CIP : Centre International de la papa (International Potato Centre) Lima, Peru
49. IPGRI : International Plant Genetic Resources Institiute
50. IBPGR : International Board for Plant Genetic Resources, Rome, Italy
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51. ICARDA : International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Aleppo,
Syria
52. ICRAF : International Centre for Research in Agro-Forestry, Nairobi, Kenya
53. ICRISAT : International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad,
India
54. IFPRI : International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, U.S.A
55. IITA : International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
56. IWMI/IIMI : International Irrigation Management Institute, Colombo, Sri Lanka
57. ILRI : International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
58. IRRI : International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippiness
59. ISNAR : International Service for National Agricultural Research, The Hague,The
Netherlands
60. WARDA : West Africa Rice Development Association, Ivory Coast, West Africa
IMPORTANCE EVENTS OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIA
61. 1788 First attempt at cotton crop improvement in Bombay province

62. 1903 Imperial Agricultural research Institute at Pusa, Bihar
63. 1926 Royal Commission on Agriculture
64. 1929 Imperial (Indian) Council of Agricultural Research at Delhi
65. 1936 IARI shifted to Delhi
66. 1942 Grow More Food Campaign
67. 1946 Central Rice Research Institute
68. 1947 Fertilisers and Chemicals, Travancore
69. 1960 Intensive Agriculture District Programme (IADP)
70. 1963 National Seed Corporation
71. 1976 Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP)
72. 1965 All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Project, (AICRIP) Hyderabad
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73. 1982 National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)
74. 1986 Establishment of Technology mission on oilseeds
75. 1993 Release of First rice hybrid in India
76. 1998 National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP)
77. Jetho Tull – Father of tillage
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1. Isolation distance for foundation seed of rice is -3 meter

2. Tetrazolium test is used to determine Seed viability
3. The main cause of global climatic change is increase in the content of carbon dioxide in
the atmosphere
4. If there is no carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere, the temperature of earth’s surface
would be Less than the present
5. High pressure sub-tropical calm belts known as ‘Horse Latitudes’ lie between 30° and
35°
6. Earthquake can cause a tsunami
7. The direction to which wind blows is known as Leeward
8. All cyclones develop an eye at the centre.
9. Nimbostratus is a low cloud
10. Equatorial low pressure belt region of the Earth’s surface is called doldrums
11. North Atlantic Ocean : Canaries current; South Atlantic Ocean : Falkland current; Indian
Ocean : Agulhas current
12. Savanna natural region is characterized by Uniformly high temperature throughout the
year
13. Tundra’ type of climate is found in Europe,Asia,North America.
14. If the temperature of a place increases suddenly the relative humidity decreases
15. Trade wind is the example of planetary winds
16. The dew point is the temperature at which - water vapour condenses to a liquid
17. Threat of global warming is increasing due to increasing concentration of Carbon dioxide
18. EI Nino is A warm ocean current
19. The earth revolves round the sun. This causes : Change of seasons
20. Udometer-Rainfall
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21. Barometer- Atmospheric pressure

22. Anemometer- Wind speed
23. Hygrometer-Humidity
24. Monsoon is caused by Seasonal reversal of winds
25. Either of the two belts over the oceans at about 30° to 35° N and S Latitudes is known as
Horse Latitude
26. The snow on the mountains does NOT melt all at once when it is heated by the sun
because it has a high latent heat of fusion.
27. Extensive deserts occur in the western tropical regions of continents because - cold ocean
currents flow along the western coasts
28. Seasons occur because : The earth’s revolution around the sun and the earth’s axis is
inclined by 66½°
29. The standard sea level in millibars is 1013 mb
30. A huge mass of snow moving slowly down the valley and slopes of mountains till it melts
after passing the snow line is called : Avalanche
31. Isotherms are : lines on a map joining places which have the same mean temperature
32. A very low pressure centre is called Tornado.
33. The approach of a cyclone is characterized by a rise in barometric reading.
34. In the cyclones of the northern hemisphere, the winds circulate in anti-clockwise
direction.
35. The fraction of solar energy reflected from Earth into space is known as albedo
36. Rainshadow deserts are Atacama desert and Gobi desert.
37. India’s First Agromet Forecast Centre Inaugurated at- UAS, Dharwad, Karnataka.
38. (Main objective is to accurate reports on weather which would enable the farmers to
protect the crops and get a good yield.)
39. Time versus rainfall graph is called Hyetograph
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40. Entropy of a system at 0°K is Zero

41. A gas behaves more like an ideal gas at higher temperature and lower pressure, as the
potential energy due to intermolecular forces becomes less significant compared with the
particles' kinetic energy, and the size of the molecules becomes less significant compared
to the empty space between them.
42. The maximum density of water occurs at 4 °C (277°K) because, at this temperature two
opposing effects are in balance
43. The infrared radiations useful for remote sensing of vegetation lies in the wavelength
band of 0.7-3.0 µm
44. Thermal Infrared (TIR) Remote Sensing 3 to 5 µm, 8 to 14 µm
45. GPS stands for Global Positioning System.
46. Evaporation is the certain process that requires water to gain heat energy from the
environment.
47. The measure of intensity of heat is Temperature
48. Vertical movement of air and heat from earth's surface to the atmosphere is Convection
49. Most of the solar radiation absorbed by earth's surface is later radiated back into space as
Infrared type of electromagnetic radiation.
50. The equator is warmer than the poles. Why do the surface winds not blow directly from
the poles to the equator due to rotation of the Earth.
51. Extremely sensitive atmosphere pressure recording instrument is called
Microbarovariograph
52. At temperature -40° are the Celsius and Fahrenheit equal
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1. The temperature range of 10- 40°C is the favorable range for crop plants.
2. The plant cells get killed when they are exposed to the temperature range from 50 to
60°C. This point of temperature called thermal death point.
3. The relative humidity range from 60 to 80 per cent is good for crop growth.
4. The condensation of water vapor from adjacent air layer upon surface cooled by radiation
loss is called dew.
5. If the dew point is above 0°C, the condensed water vapour will be in the form of dew. If
it is below 0°C, white frost will form.
6. The mean value of solar constant is 1.98 cal/cm2/minute or 1398 watt/m2.
7. Albedo is defined as the ratio of solar radiation reflected by a surface to the total amount
of radiation incident on it, usually expressed in per cent.
8. Pyrgeometer is used to measure long wave radiation.
9. Pyranometer: It measures total shortwave radiation
10. Pyrgeometer: The instrument used for measuring long wave or terrestrial/infrared
radiations is known as pyrgeometer.
11. Luxmeter: The instrument which is used to measure light intensity is called lux meter. It
measures illuminance of a surface by the incident light and its unit is lux (1000 lux =
1 kilo lux).
12. The freezing point (triple point) of water is 0°F and boiling point of water is 212°F.
13. The value of each degree on Kelvin scale equals to that of a Celsius degree. Absolute
zero is at –273.16°C.
14. Reaumer scale: The freezing point of water is 0oR and the boiling point of water is
80°R.
15. Population growth rate 1.9% annually
16. Average growth rate of agriculture production is about 2.1%
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17. India has been the second largest producer of wheat in the World
18. India now occupies second rank in rice export next to Thailand among the rice exporting
countries in the world.
19. In global pulses production India shares first in both area and production of pulses in the
world almost 26% global productions.
20. The future demand of pulses by 2010 and 2015 will be 23.3 and 27 million tones
respectively.
21. Potato rank first with 27.3% in the total productions of vegetables, followed by egg plant
9.4% and tomatoes 9.0% respectively in India.
22. India is the largest consumer of sugar in the world as well as largest producer of sugar
cane (345.3 metric tones) in the world next to Brazil.
23. Globally 13.25% of sugar cane is produced by the India
24. India is the 4th largest vegetable economy in the world next to USA, China and Brazil.
25. India ranks first in cattle and buffaloes
26. Second in goats
27. Third in sheep
28. 4th in duck
29. 5th in chicken
30. 6th in Camel population in the world.
31. India has 57% of world’s buffalo’s population
32. Globally India ranks 3rd in fist production including aquaculture and second largest
producer of fresh water fish in the world next to china.
33. India’s share in the global milk production is about 14%
34. Kharif grain harvest seen at 115.88 million tones, increases up to 4.8%
35. Rabi harvest projected at 103.44 million tones, decreases to 3.1%
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36. Buffer stock: The present stock position of Food grains as January 1, 2008 is 19.2 million
tones comprising of 11.5 million tones of rice, and 7.7 metric tones of wheat.
37. India is the largest producer and consumer of tea in the world, accounts for around 27%
of world production and 13% world trade.
38. Agricultural sector presently provides livelihood to about 64% of the labour force and
contributes nearly 18.5% GDP.
39. The projected growth rate for agriculture for the next two decades is 4%.
40. New National agriculture policy: (July 28, 2000) has been described as “Rainbow
Revolution” which includes the following revolutions:
 Green - Food grain production

 White - Milk
 Blue - Fisheries
 Red - Meat/Tomato
 Golden - Fruits – Apple
 Gray - Fertilizer
 Black/brown- Non-conventional Energy source
 Silver - Eggs
 Round - Potato
41. The above Rainbow Revolution also includes “Food chain Revolution” to put a check on
destroying Food grains, vegetables and fruits.
42. Mr. M.S. Swami Nathan gave a new call for “Evergreen Revolution” for doubling the
present production level of Food grains from 210 metric tones to 420 metric tones.
43. At present, the fisheries sector is a source of livelihood of over 11 million people engaged
fully, partially or in subsidiary activities pertaining to the sector.
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44. Annual export earnings from fish and shell fish are about Rs: 8357 crore, accounting for
nearly 20% agriculture exports.
45. Animal husbandry output constitutes about 30% of the country’s agricultural output.
46. Live stock sector contributes over 4% to the total GDP and about of quarter of the GDP
from agriculture and allied activities.
47. Live stock contributed 101 million tones of milk, 51.0 billion eggs, 45 million Kg. of
wool, 2.31 million tones of meat and 6.9 million tones of fish during 2006-07.
48. Operation Flood program was started in 1970 by NDDB.
49. Per capita availability of milk in India 246 gm/day, where as in global average
availability 265g/day.
50. India is the largest producer of Mango, banana, sapota and acid lime. About 39.5% of the
World’s Mangoes and 11% of world’s bananas are produced in India.
51. The food processing sector an annual growth rate is about 13.14% during 2006-07.
52. The Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MOFPI) has plans to triple the size of the
processed food sector by increasing the level of processing of perishables from 6 to 20%,
the value addition from 20 to 35% and increase the share in global food trade 1.5% to 3%
by 2015.
53. The financial backing to the states for promotion of the food processing sector has
increased from 88.13 crore to Rs.211.98 crore during 2006-07.
54. Horticulture accounts for 30% of India’s agriculture GDP from 8.5% of cropped area.
55. India’s international transportation costs are 20-30% higher than other countries.
56. India’s major exports include onions, mango pulp, fresh mangoes, dried walnuts, fresh
grapes.
57. India’s biggest export markets are South Asian and Middle Eastern countries.
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58. The Food processing sector is dominated by unorganized sector units which account for
42% of all units with the small scale sector taking another 33% and the organized sector
only 25% all food industry units.
59. The organized sector comprises of 18000 units producing Rs.9000 crore worth of foods.
60. Food processing percentage verses food group
Food group Over all

processing (%)
Fruits and vegetables 1.7
Milk (highest) 37.0
Meat 21.0
Poultry 6.0
Marine fisheries 11.0
61. In Indian food market the processed food segment constitutes only 10% while the semi
processed another 15%.
62. The output from the Food processing sector is estimated at $65-70 billion or about Rs.3,
00,000 crore.
63. The food processing sector has been growing at about 7% per year.
64. The government allows 100% FDI in the food processing industry.
65. At present food consumption in India is around Rs.860 thousand crore (Rs.8.6 trillion),
with the share of processed food being Rs.4.6 trillion while primary processed food is at
Rs.2.8 trillion.
66. Horticulture uses 8.5% of the gross cropped area in India and its share of agricultural
output is 30%.
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67. India with its annual production of 90 metric tones of vegetables has already emerged as
the largest producer of vegetables in the world. Fruit production in India has now reached
the level of 47.5 metric tones annually and is only next to China in the world and
accounts for almost 10% of the global production.
68. The country produces nearly 11% of all the words vegetables and 15% of the fruits but
their share in global exports is a Mere 1.7% and 0.5% respectively.
69. Wastage in the Various Crops
Crop Cumulative Wastage (Percent)

Cereals 3.9 to 6
Pulses 4.3 to 6.1
Oil seeds 6
Fruits and Vegetables 5.8 to 18
Milk 0.8
Fisheries 2.9
Meat 2.3
Poultry 3.7
1. The Farmers Agreement on Price Assurance and Farm Services Ordinance, 2020: The
amendment has been made through this ordinance. The ordinance will allow farmers to engage
with aggregators, processors, exporters and large retailers as well. Under the amendment to
Essential Commodities Act, 1955, the agricultural commodities such as pulses, cereals, onions oil
seeds and potatoes have been deregulated. Also, the amendment will allow clamping of stock
limits only under very extreme circumstances. This includes famines and natural calamities. The
stock limit is not applicable to processors and value chain participants. They shall stock only to
their installed capacity. This will help in better price realization.
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2. Rice Knowledge bank launched (an agriculture web portal) launched on- 28 Feb, 2019 at Assam
Funded by World bank for enhancing knowledge on Rice production techniques and
technologies)
3. World Bank assisted project State of Maharashtra’s Agribusiness and Rural Transformation
(SMART) launched to transform Rural Maharashtra.
4. The National Standards for Organic Products was established in 2000 which ensures the
authenticity of the organic product. The certification is issued by testing centers accredited by the
Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), under
the National Program for Organic Production of the Government of India.
5. As part of Atma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyan the Rs 20.97 lakh crore stimulus package, the
government had announced Rs 2 lakh crore of concessional credit through KCC to 2.5 crore
farmers, including fishermen and those involved in animal husbandry, says reports.
6. Under the scheme, Rs. 100,000 crore will be provided by banks and financial institutions as loans
to Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (PACS), marketing cooperative societies, farmer
producer organisations (FPOs), self-help-groups (SHG), farmers, joint liability groups (JLG),
multipurpose cooperative societies, agri-entrepreneurs, startups, aggregation infrastructure
providers and Central and state agency or local body sponsored public-private-partnership
projects.
7. All loans under this financing facility will have interest subvention of 3 percent per annum up to a
limit of Rs. 2 crore. This subvention will be available for a maximum period of seven years.
Further, credit guarantee coverage will be available for eligible borrowers from this financing
facility under Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) scheme
for a loan up to Rs. 2 crore. The fee for this coverage will be paid by the Central government.
8. Loans will be disbursed in four years starting with sanction of Rs. 10,000 crore in the current year
and Rs. 30,000 crore each in next three financial years.
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9. Atma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyan -the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA), chaired by
Prime Minister Narendra Modi, has approved setting up of Animal Husbandry Infrastructure
Development Fund (AHIDF) worth Rs.15,000 crore.
10. AHIDF would facilitate much needed incentivisation of investments in establishment of such
infrastructure for dairy and meat processing and value addition infrastructure and establishment
of animal feed plant in the private sector. The eligible beneficiaries under the scheme would be
farmer producer organisations (FPOs), MSMEs, Section 8 companies, private companies and
individual entrepreneur with minimum 10 percent margin money contribution by them. The
balance 90 percent would be the loan component to be made available by scheduled banks.
11. Under AtmaNirbhar Bharat package, Government of India has decided that 8 LMT food grains
will be provided to about 8 Crore migrant labourers, stranded and needy families, who are not
covered under NFSA or State scheme PDS cards. 5 Kg of food grain per person is being
distributed free of cost for the months of May and June to all migrants
12. Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Ann Yojana: Food Grain (Rice/Wheat) - Under the PMGKAY, for
the 3 months April-June 2020 a total of 104.4 LMT rice and 15.6 LMT wheat is required of
which 91.40 LMT rice and 13.70 LMT wheat have been lifted by various States and UTs.
13. Open Market Sales Scheme (OMSS) - Under the OMSS, the rates of Rice is fixed at Rs.22/kg
and Wheat at Rs.21/kg. FCI has sold 5.46 LMT wheat and 8.38 LMT rice through OMSS during
the lockdown period.
14. The Department of Consumer Affairs has notified face masks and sanitizers under the Essential
Commodities Act in view of their increased demand due to COVID-19. Prices of masks,
sanitizers and ingredients used in their manufacturing have also been capped.
15. The Farming Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Ordinance, 2020'.
16. The first biotech crop was commercialised in 1996 and the initial planting was done in only 1.7
million hectares. The planting area grew to 191.7 million hectares by 2018 which is ~113-fold
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increase. As per a report by PG Economics, the net farm level economic benefit was just under
$19 billion (Rs 14,279 crore) in 2018, equal to an average increase in income of $103/hectare (Rs
7740/hectare). From 1996 to 2018, the net global farm income benefit was $225 billion (Rs1.7
lakh crore), equal to an average increase in income of $96.7/hectare (Rs 7267/hectare).
17. Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) has launched a Centrally sponsored scheme,
‘PM Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises’ (PM FME). Launching the
scheme, the minister said that the scheme would generate total investment of Rs 35,000 crore and
generate nine lakh skilled and semi-skilled employment and benefit 8 lakh units through access to
information, training, better exposure and formalisation. The scheme will be implemented over a
period of five years from 2020-21 to 2024-25 with an outlay of Rs 10,000 crore. The
expenditure under the scheme would to be shared in 60:40 ratio between Central and state
governments, in 90:10 ratio with North Eastern and Himalayan states, 60:40 ratio with UTs with
legislature and 100 percent by Centre for other UTs.
18. PM FME Scheme adopts One District One Product (ODOP) approach to reap benefit of scale in
terms of procurement of inputs, availing common services and marketing of products. The states
would identify food product for a district keeping in view the existing clusters and availability of
raw material.
19. National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (NBHM)
20. Economic Survey pointed out that in India, mechanisation is 40 percent compared to China (59.5
percent) and Brazil (75 percent).
21. Livestock sector has been growing at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 7.9 percent
during last five years.
22. Fisheries sector provides livelihood to about 16 million fishers and fish farmers in the country.
Fisheries sector has registered annual average growth rate of more than 7 percent in the recent
years.
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General Agriculture
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23. During the last 6 years ending 2017-18, Food processing industries sector has been growing at an
Average Annual Growth Rate (AAGR) of around 5.06 percent says, Economic Survey. The
sector constitutes as much as 8.83 percent and 10.66 percent of Gross Value Added (GVA) in
manufacturing and agriculture sector respectively in 2017-18 at 2011-12 prices.
24. PMFBY envisages increase in coverage from the existing 23 percent to 50 percent of Gross
Cropped Area(GCA).
25. The economy, share of agriculture and allied sectors in Gross Value Added (GVA) of the country
at current prices has declined from 18.2 percent in 2014-15 to 16.5 percent in 2019-2020.
26. India’s agriculture sector growth for the current fiscal is expected to remain higher at 3.1 percent
compared to 2.9 percent in FY19, NITI Aayog Member, Prof Ramesh Chand said at an
ASSOCHAM event held in New Delhi today.
27. According to WHO, around 216 countries, areas or territories are suffering from novel
coronavirus or COVID-19 outbreak in the world till 11 June, 2020.
28. T cells are known as immune warriors help us fight some viruses, but their importance for
battling SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has been unclear. Research is going on
and maybe it can be fruitful.
29. Plasma Therapy or Convalescent Plasma Therapy is a clinical trial in which blood is transfused
from recovered COVID-19 patients to a coronavirus patient who is in critical condition.
30. Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses and belong to the Nidovirus family or Nidovirales
order, which includes Coronaviridae, Arteriviridae, and Roniviridae families.
31. The first case of novel coronavirus was identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
32. Coronavirus may cause illness from the common cold to more other serious diseases like Middle
East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-
CoV).
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33. Due to their crown-like projections on the surfaces coronaviruses got their name. The virus
resembles a crown when viewed under an electron microscope. "Corona” in Latin means "halo"
or "crown".
34. The Lieutenant Governor of Delhi Anil Baijal has recently inaugurated the Sardar Patel COVID
care centre, which is claimed to be the largest in the world.
35. The 10,000-bed care centre has been built in a record time of 10 days. It has a COVID Care
Centre (CCC), to treat asymptomatic positive patients and a Dedicated COVID Health Care
(DCHC), to treat symptomatic cases.
36. Under the Chairmanship of Late Shri T.S.R. Subramanian, Former Cabinet Secretary,‘Committee
for Evolution of the New Education Policy’ submitted its report in May 2016. And based on this
the Ministry has prepared 'Some Inputs for the Draft National Education Policy, 2016'.
37. In NEP 2020, the current 10+2 system to be replaced by a new 5+3+3+4 curricular structure
corresponding to ages 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14-18 years respectively.
38. ‘Committee for the Draft National Education Policy’ was constituted in June 2017 under the
Chairmanship of eminent scientist Dr. K. Kasturirangan, which submitted the Draft National
Education Policy, 2019 to the Hon’ble Human Resource Development Minister on 31 May, 2019.
39. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Unnat Krishi Shiksha Scheme was launched in the year 2016 to
promote agricultural education. Under this scheme, 100 centres are being opened with a fund of
Rs.5.35 crore.
40. National Agro-Forestry Policy was brought out in 2014 to bring about coordination, convergence
and synergy among various elements of Agro-Forestry.
41. On April 14, 2020, the Electronic-National Agricultural Market completed four years of
implementation. It was developed under the concept of “One Nation One Market”.
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42. E-NAM is managed by the Small Farmers Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC). It provides
single service for all APMC (Agricultural Produce Marketing Committee) related activities.
Today there are more than 450 APMCs listed under E-NAM for trade.
43. Farmers’ Friendly Ordinance namely “the Farmers’ Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion
and Facilitation) Ordinance, 2020” removes barrier to inter-State & intra-State trade in farm
produce and farmer/ FPOs in becoming Aatmanirbhar in Krishi.
44. AgriRain has developed a precision irrigation system controlled by an android App (Jal
Suvidha), that deduces an exact inference about how much to irrigate and when to irrigate a crop
to avert economic losses under RKVY.
45. Horticulture production has reached highest ever record 320.48 million tons marking an
increase of 39.5 Million Tons during last five years.
46. Fruit production has increased from 86.60 Million Ton to 99.07 Million Ton during last 5
years.
47. Vegetable production has grown up from 169.48 Million Ton to 191.77 Million Ton during last
five years.
48. During last five years 1093 new cold storages established having capacity of 4.77million MT thus
taking a total cold storage capacity creation under MIDH to21.54 million MT.
49. During last five years, per capita consumption of fruits and vegetables has increased from 575
gm/day to 601gm/day.
50. India’s Agriculture sector is around 15.9% of the country’s economy and 49% of the total
employment (2018-19).
51. Agriculture sector performed better with growth rate (2.9%) during 2019-20,as against the
growth rate achieved in agriculture sector during 2018-19 (2.74%).
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52. Average annual rainfall is 300–650 millimetres (11.8–25.6 in), but is very unreliable; as in
much of the rest of India, the southwest monsoon accounts for most precipitation.
53. Adoption of simple and cost effective domestic participatory guarantee system (PGS)
certification by 15 lakh small and marginal farmers in 6 lakh hac area of the country.
54. 1966-69 periods is known as first Green Revolution period in India
55. Mallika mango variety is a result of cross between Dasheri and Neelam
56. Jhum Cultivation is also called as shifting cultivation
57. Headquarter of International Fund for Agriculture Development located at Rome, Italy.
58. Asia's first Rice Technology park to be established in Karnataka
59. Joha and Black rice is aromatic rice from North East Region (NER) of India
60. The number of agro-climatic zones in India under National Agricultural Research Project is 127
61. Ratna hybrid mango developed from the cross of Neelum and Alphonso
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2. THE FARMERS’ PRODUCE TRADE AND COMMERCE (PROMOTION AND

3. The Hon’ble Finance Minister announced on 15.05.2020 Rs 1 lakh crore Agri

6. The Directorate of Cashewnut & Cocoa Development (DCCD) is a national agency

7. Suprabha and Surbhi are varieties of – Ginger

8. Fruit cracking disease in Pomegranate is caused due to the deficiency of –Boron

9. Mauritius and Poovan are varieties of –Banana

10. Dwarfness in sugarcane is caused by –Virus

12. Kerala state declare Jackfruit as the official state fruit

13. Ammonium Sulphate is a N-fertilizer suitable for water-logged soil.

15. Yellow Vein Mossaic is a disease of Okra

Weather-based Crop Insurance scheme and Modified National Agricultural Insurance

25. National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) on 14th April , 2016.

30. Minimum Support Price of Kharif Crops for 2019-20 season

53. Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (Traditional Framing Improvemnet Programme):

72. Solanika" is an early maturing variety of –Wheat

91. Dapog' method of rice nursery was developed in – Philippines

8. Pradesh and Chhattisgarh

37. India’s share in World Milk production- 17%

NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES:

1. CAZRI : Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan

3. CICR : Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, Maharashtra

61. 1788 First attempt at cotton crop improvement in Bombay province

1. Isolation distance for foundation seed of rice is -3 meter

21. Barometer- Atmospheric pressure

40. Entropy of a system at 0°K is Zero

 Green - Food grain production

Food group Over all

Fruits and vegetables 1.7

Milk (highest) 37.0

Marine fisheries 11.0

Crop Cumulative Wastage (Percent)

19. National Beekeeping and Honey Mission (NBHM)

54. 1966-69 periods is known as first Green Revolution period in India

56. Jhum Cultivation is also called as shifting cultivation

58. Asia's first Rice Technology park to be established in Karnataka

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