Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cultural Mapping Orientation and Workshop - TEXT
Cultural Mapping Orientation and Workshop - TEXT
Cultural Mapping Orientation and Workshop - TEXT
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OUTLINE
Part I.
Part II.
Workshop Proper
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What is Culture?
“Culture is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, arts, morals, law,
custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society”
(p. 1).
What is Culture?
“Culture is a complex, multifaceted concept. It is a term used to cover the social structure, languages,
belief systems, institutions, technology, art, food, and traditions of particular groups of people. The term
is used to define a group’s way of life and its own view of itself and of other groups, as well as to define
the material goods it creates and uses, the skills it has developed, and the behaviors it transmits to each
successive generation.”
What is Heritage?
“A social and political construct encompassing all those places, artefacts and cultural
expressions inherited from the past which, because they are seen to reflect and validate our
identity as nations, communities, families and even individuals, are worthy of some form of
respect and protection.”
“Heritage is no longer a matter of focusing on the buildings, archaeological remains, literature and so on
of the rich and famous in history.”
“Our everyday (vernacular) places, objects and ways of living are just as vital as the famous.”
It refers to the totality of cultural property preserved and developed through time and passed
on to posterity (Rule III, Sec. 6(I), National Cultural Heritage Act 2009).
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“Cultural Mapping is an approach (or the process) used to identify, record and use cultural
resources and activities for building communities. Communities map what is important to them”
(Cook and Taylor, 2013).
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The State shall give priority to education, science and technology, arts, culture, and sports to foster
patriotism and nationalism, accelerate social progress, and promote total human liberation and
development (Art. II, Sec. 17).
The State shall foster the preservation, enrichment, and dynamic evolution of a Filipino national
culture based on the principle of unity and diversity in a climate of free artistic and intellectual
expression (Art. XIV, Sec. 14).
Arts and Letters shall enjoy the patronage of the State. The State shall conserve, promote and
popularize the nation’s historical and cultural heritage resources, as well as artistic creations
(Art. XIV, Sec. 15).
All the country’s artistic and historic wealth constitutes the cultural treasure of the nation and
shall be under the protection of the State which may regulate its disposition (Art. XIV, Sec. 16)
Protect cultural workers and ensure their professional development and well-being.
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Cultural Heritage
It refers to the totality of cultural property preserved and developed through time and passed
on to posterity
All products of human creativity by which a people and a nation reveal their identity
and;
Public or privately-owned
Movable or immovable
Tangible or Intangible
It refers to cultural property with historical, archival, anthropological, archaeological, artistic and
architectural value and with exceptional or traditional production whether of Philippine origin or
not, including antiques and natural history specimens with significant value.
Natural Heritage
Natural heritage, according to UNESCO (1972), refers to “natural features, geological and
physiographical formations and delineated areas that constitute the habitat of threatened
species of animals and plants and natural sites of value from the point of view of science,
conservation or natural beauty.
Examples
Forests, caves
Plants, animals
Rocks, minerals
Church, mosque
Government buildings
Schools
Marketplace
Plazas/parks, monuments
Houses
Streets/roads
Movable Heritage
Costumes
Weaponry
Religious Items
Furniture/Equipment
Jewelry
Crafts
Musical Instruments
Work Implements
Personalities
Painting/Artworks
Documents/Books
Memorabilia
Photographs
A unique cultural property found locally, possessing outstanding historical, cultural, artistic
and/or scientific value which is highly significant and important to the country and nation and
officially declared as such by the pertinent cultural agency [Sec. 3 (bb)].
Cultural property having exceptional cultural, artistic, and historical significance to the
Philippines as may be determined by the National Museum or the National Historical
Commission of the Philippines.
A place listed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
as having outstanding universal value.
• Mt. Hamiguitan
Paoay in Ilocos Norte, Santa Maria in Ilocos Sur, Miag-ao in Iloilo, San Agustin in Manila
Historical Site
Any place, province, city, town and/or any location and structure which has played a significant
and important role in the history of our country and nation.
All cultural properties of the country deemed important to cultural heritage shall be registered
in the Philippine Registry of Cultural Property.
The NCCA, through the appropriate cultural agencies and local government units (LGUs), shall
establish and maintain this registry within three (3) years from the effectivity of this Act (Sec.
14).
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A. Ethnography
B. Historiography
Has a guiding question that evolves during the study (Hall, 2003).
Doing Interviews
Recording interviews
B. What is Historiography?
The writing of history based on the critical examination of sources (Merriam-Sebster, 2007).
Participation (life in society and democracy), action (engagement with experience and history),
and research (soundness in thought and the growth of knowledge).
Ethics in Research
The use of and access to research results should be negotiated and mutually agreed.
A research community should benefit from and not be disadvantaged by the research project.
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Heritage Mapping
Is the term used to describe the set of activities and processes for exploring, discovering,
documenting, examining, analyzing, interpreting, presenting, and sharing information related to
people, communities, societies, places and the material products associated with those people
and places.
A heritage map may be created as an end in itself or to provide an input into another endeavor.
Who maps?
Community members of all age groups and professions (male and female) including traditional
knowledge holders and future stakeholders:
Why mapping?
2. Community empowerment
ASEAN Charter
Cultural mapping is a valuable mechanism for sharing histories and rethinking history.
Cultural mapping has potential to provide inputs into the new economies based on creativity
and information technology. It is thus a catalyst for economic development.
Cultural sustainability
connecting people with their environment and heritage – their cultural landscape – and
to be part of looking after it, conserving, planning and developing it sustainably in ways
that add social and economic value for the community.
WORKSHOP
Main Data Fields
Name of Heritage:
Photo of Heritage:
I. Background Information
II. Description
IV. Significance
V. Conservation/Safeguarding Measures
A. Status
B. Threats
C. Measures
VI. References
The significance of the place should be established before any intervention is actualized and
conservation procedures are done. Moreover, significance is established through physical, oral,
and archival investigations.
Significance Indicators
1. Historical Significance –is the process used to evaluate what was significant about selected
events, people, and developments in the past. You may want to use some of the indicators to
determine historical significance:
k. Relevance as symbolic
2. Economic Significance –refers to how much the heritage icon or practice had contributed or is
still contributing to the livelihood, wealth, flow of goods and services to people or community.
Economic significance may even be assessed quantitatively such as providing an estimate of the
number of households engaged in the practice e.g. heritage cuisine. The worth or value of
particular object such as an ivory statue may also be included in this category.
3. Aesthetic or artistic significance –includes aspects of sensory perception for which criteria can
and should be stated. Such criteria may include consideration of the form, scale, color, texture,
and material of the fabric; the smells and sounds associated with the place and its use (Burra
Chapter).
4. Scientific or Research Significance –the scientific or research value of a place will depend upon
the importance of the data involved, on its rarity, quality, or representativeness, and on the
degree to which the place may contribute further substantial information (Burra Charter).
5. Socio-political and Spiritual Significance –embraces the qualities for which a place has become
a focus of spiritual, political, national, or other cultural sentiment to a majority or minority
group.
Levels of Significance
List of Threats
Commercial development
B. Transportation Infrastructure
C. Services Infrastructures
Localised utilities
Major linear utilities
Water infrastructure
D. Pollution
Air pollution
Solid waste
Aquaculture
Commercial hunting
Crop production
Land conversion
Subsistence hunting
Quarrying
Water (extraction)
Dust
Micro-organisms
Pests
Radiation/light
Relative humidity
Temperature
Wind
Civil unrest
Illegal activities
Military training
Terrorism War
Desertification
Drought
Flooding
Storms (Typhoons)
Temperature change
K. Sudden ecological or geological events
Avalanche/ landslide
Earthquake
Fire (widlfires)
Tsunami/tidal wave
Volcanic eruption
Hyper-abundant species
Translocated species
Financial resources
Governance
Human resources
Legal framework
Management activities
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