Environmental aspects

Henrik Skov

hsk@dhigroup.com

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014

Mapping of sensitive species and habitats

International, co-ordinated GIS databases

Habitat & pressure data
Species data

Response data

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014

Mapping of sensitive species and habitats

Advances in predictive modelling

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014

Uncertainty assessment

Probabilistic modelling

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014

Species and human responses to wind farms

Nature and significance of behavioural responses of marine

mammals and fish to underwater noise emissions

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014

Species and human responses to wind farms

Advances in agent-based modelling





 

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014

Species and human responses to wind farms

Nature and significance of behavioural responses of marine

mammals and fish to underwater noise emissions
SOUND
Frequency
Duration
Level BEHAVIOUR CHANGE
Source Orientation
Duty cycle Breathing
Vocalization LIFE FUNCTION
IMMEDIATELY
*** Diving
AFFECTED
Resting
Mother-infant spatial Survival VITAL RATES
relationships Migration Stage specific
Avoidance Feeding Survival
Breeding Maturation POPULATION EFFECT
Nurturing Reproduction Population growth
** rate
Response to * Population structure
predator
Transient dynamics
* Sensitivity
Elasticity
Extinction probability
*

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014

Species and human responses to wind farms

Nature and significance of behavioural responses of marine

mammals and fish to underwater noise emissions

MaRVEN 2013-2015 (EU project)

• Existing data
• Field measurements (for all devices)
• Construction and/or operation
• Sound pressure (C/O)
• Particle motion (C/O)
• Vibrations (mechanical & sea/seabed; C/O)
• EMF (E and B field; O)
• Ambient and MRED source
• Co-variables
• Modelling
• numerical noise for received levels
• EMF for 3 sites

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014

Species and human responses to wind farms

Nature and significance of behavioural responses of marine

mammals and fish to underwater noise emissions

DEPONS (joint industry project)

• Agent-based modelling
• Population consequences of noise during
and after construction
• Movement patterns
• Foraging
• Life history traits

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014

 Species and human responses to wind farms

Quantification of micro avoidance of birds at

rotors and individual rotor blades

ORJIP (joint industry project)

• Combined radar and camera-based monitoring
• Behavioural responses at multiple scales
• Day-night patterns in collisions
• Weather-dependent collision risk
• Modelling of generic and specific collision rates

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014

Species and human responses to wind farms

Attraction of bats to land-based and

raptors to offshore wind farms

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014

Environmental siting

Development of standards for strategic

environmental planning of wind farms

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014

Environmental siting

Development of standards for strategic

environmental planning of wind farms

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014

Long-term ecosystem changes

Projections of ecosystem changes due to growth on

hard substrates and closure of trawling

DWI/Dan. Research Cons. Wind Energy 2014